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TELECOM Digest     Tue, 18 Jan 94 08:31:30 CST    Volume 14 : Issue 39

Inside This Issue:                          Editor: Patrick A. Townson

    Telecom 95 - Call For Papers - Technology Summit (Robert Shaw)
    Earthquake News (David Whiteman)
    ISDN Primer and Video Uses (Lee Sweet)
    ISDN NT1 Power Source (Paul D. Guthrie)
    Digital Equipment and USA Video Sign OEM Agreement (John Hildebrand)
    Requirements for Predictive Dialing Systems (Bob Baxter)
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: 18 Jan 1994 09:42:54 GMT
From: SHAW [phone] <[e-mail]>
Subject: Telecom 95 - Call For Papers - Technology Summit


TELECOM 95
CALL FOR PAPERS - TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT, FORUM 95


THE TELECOM 95 FORUM TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT

   TELECOM is the "Olympics of Communications", held every four years
by the International Telecommunication Union, and is the largest event
of this type in the world. TELECOM is a truly international event.
TELECOM 91 attracted over 130,000 attendees, 850 exhibitors, and 1700
press representatives from 164 countries.

   TELECOM 95 will take place in Geneva, Switzerland from 3-11 October
1995 and will comprise an Exhibition and Book Fair, Strategies Summit,
and Technology Summit. The Technology Summit will, for the first time,
provide an interactive arena for users, traditional telecoms
companies, computer and consumer electronics giants, broadcast and
cable television interests, and entertainment and software companies.

   This Technology Summit will present keynote speeches, discussion
panels, and session papers representing state of the art or new
visions of technology, services, and applications. Thousands of
leading users, managers, scientists, and engineers will attend.  Given
the rapid convergence of technologies and the need for timely
solutions, this is an opportunity not to be missed.

   The theme of the Technology Summit is: "Convergence of
technologies, services and applications".


THE NEW TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENVIRONMENT

   A new communications industry is emerging. Computers, networking
and software are already key components of telecommunications.
Broadcast, entertainment and consumer electronics industries are now
also important players. The Technology Summit of FORUM 95 will address
this re-balancing. As examples:

*     Portable computing and mobile communications are both
      targeting a mass consumer market.

*     The entertainment industry is seeking delivery of
      interactivity and broadband services to the consumer.

*     Business users are demanding seamless and cost-effective wide
      area networks to link their local networks.

*     The integration of highly complex functions on a single chip
      is creating paradigm shifts in all related industries.

*     Designing applications has emerged as the challenge of the
      future.

   Because technological solutions cannot be divorced from
developmental, social, economic, and environmental issues, the
Technology Summit also welcomes applications contributions from these
related areas.


TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT - MAIN TRACKS

   Featuring papers that will focus on applying technology and
creating applications in this cross-sectoral environment, the event
will be structured on three levels of human communication needs:

   1. Communications services for the individual
   2. Communications services for business
   3. National, regional and global issues


TRACK 1 - Communications services for the individual

   This track addresses voice, text, data and video communications
services for individuals whether at home, at work, or on the move.
The aim is to attract contributions from consumer, entertainment,
computing and software businesses, in addition to the
telecommunications business on:

*     Personal and personalized services, including personal number
      and mobility;

*     Entertainment services provided on cable television or
      telecommunications-based systems;

*     Networked computing applications;

*     Mass market consumer technologies and applications
      (inexpensive, easy to use, pocketable);

*     Personal assistant, telemedicine, tele-education,
      teleshopping, home security, support for disabled people and
      the elderly;

*     Broadcasting and other information/entertainment services
      including cable television and interactive broadcast services;

*     Wireless technologies and applications.


TRACK 2 - Communications services for business

   This track addresses higher performance networks, distributed
computing and information systems which are enabling improved services
for business users and which are becoming increasingly market
specific.

   It seeks papers which report experiences of the new "telebusinesses"
e.g. medicine, finance, telemarketing, telelogistics, as well as papers
on new developments in the enabling technologies such as:

*     Computer-supported cooperative working, including desk top
      videoconferencing.

*     Security, privacy and authentication.

*     Network management, intelligent networks and virtual
      networking.

*     Network interoperability, availability, and reliability.

*     Broadband communications.

*     Intelligent information services.

*     Enterprise and corporate networking.


TRACK 3 - National, regional and global issues

   This track addresses issues of general interest of telecommunications,
including the view on economic and regulatory aspects and their inter-
relationship with convergent technologies.  The aim is to attract contri-
butions from telecommunications experts as well as from economists,
regulators, and other governmental agencies in such areas as:

*     Regulatory aspects of portability and interconnection of
      services, e.g. numbering, billing, security/privacy, frequency
      allocation, etc.

*     Environmental applications, e.g. teleworking, teleconferencing,
      traffic and fleet control, telesurveillance, etc.

*     Restructuring of the telecommunication sector and service
      evolution in developing and developed countries.

*     Cross-cultural applications, e.g. real time interpretation,
      voice recognition and synthesis, conversion between text, voice
      and picture based services, etc.

*     The implications of regional standards and trading
      organizations.

*     The implications of convergent industries and technologies.


GUIDELINES FOR SUBMISSION OF PAPERS:

*     Papers should give an overview of the present situation
      and/or the direction for the next century.

*     Papers on detailed theory and specific products, or company
      presentations, are outside the scope of the event and will
      be rejected, as will those which are overtly commercial or which
      treat military subjects.

*     Papers must be unpublished and based on original research,
      developments and approaches.

*     Papers delivered in the Technology Summit will be published
      in the Book of Speakers' Papers. Written contributions to
      the panel sessions will also be included in the Book of Speakers'
      Papers. Additional papers will be selected for publication only.

   Authors are requested to submit a one-page (single-sided) abstract
of their proposed paper to the TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat as shown
on the attached form.  Abstracts must give a clear indication of the
paper's contents.

   Abstracts must be submitted in one of the conference languages
which are English, French and Spanish.


DEADLINES

   All abstracts must be received in the TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat
by 15 August 1994. Abstracts received after this deadline will be
automatically rejected.

   National representatives listed on the reverse side of the
abstract form are available for guidance.


IMPORTANT

   Companies or administrations are requested to coordinate their
submissions of abstracts so that only one copy of each abstract is
received by the TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat.  Abstracts may be
submitted by mail, telefax, or e-mail. Receipt will be acknowledged.
The TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat will correspond directly with
principal authors.

   The TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat will notify authors by 10
January 1995 as to whether their proposed papers have been:

   a)  accepted for oral presentation;
   b)  accepted for a panel session;
   c)  accepted for publication only;
   d)  not accepted.


INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION

   The ITU is an inter-governmental organization, within which the
public and private sectors cooperate for the development of
telecommunications and the harmonization of national telecommunication
policies. The ITU adopts international regulations and treaties
governing all terrestrial and space uses of the frequency spectrum, as
well as the use of the geostationary- satellite orbit and develops
standards to ensure the interconnection of telecommunication systems
on a worldwide scale. It's 182* Member Administrations, and the much
wider network that forms the ITU family, are proud of the ITU's record
of achievement in keeping pace with technological change. With this
goal in mind, and also to keep up with the convergence of
technologies, the ITU has been restructured, with clear objectives
outlined for each of the three new Sectors: Radiocommunication,
Standardization and Development.

* as of 12 November 1993


                7th WORLD TELECOMMUNICATION FORUM

President          Dr. Pekka Tarjanne, Secretary-General of the ITU

Chairman,
Management
Committee          Mr. Tom Dahl-Hansen, Executive Director, TELECOM

Project Manager
TELECOM 95         Mrs. Lili Rison

Project Officer
Technology Summit  Ms. Elizabeth A. Lake


                   TECHNICAL PROGRAMME COMMITTEE

Chairman           Mr. Keith W. Hoffman, STENTOR Resource Center Inc.
                     (Canada)
Vice-Chairman      Dr. John E. Thompson, BT Laboratories (United Kingdom)
Honorary Chairman  Mr. Marcel Thui, CNET (France)

Members     Prof. Minoru Akiyama, Shibaura Institute of Technology
              (Japan)
            Mr. Peter Bachofner, Siemens-Albis (Switzerland)
            Mr. Roberto Blois, Department of Private National Services
              (Brazil)
            Mr. Joachim Claus, Generaldirektion Telekom (Germany)
            Prof. Dr. Hermann Ebenberger, Technical University of Vienna
              (Austria)
            Mr. Glenn H. Estes, Jr., Bellcore (USA)
            Mr. Bertil Fougstedt, Telia Research (Sweden)
            Mr. Maurice Ghazal, Lebanon Permanent Representative to the
               international telecommunications authorities (Lebanon)
            Mr. Denis Gilhooly, Communications Week International
            Mr. Josi Gonzalez, Ministerio de Transporte y Comunicaciones
               (Venezuela)
            Prof. Giza Gordos, Scientific Society for Telecommunication
               (Hungary)
            Dr. Rolf B. Haugen, Norwegian Telecom Research (Norway)
            Dr. Viljo Hentinen, Nokia Corporation (Finland)
            Mr. Bruce Hunter, Voice of America (USA)
            Dr. Theodor Irmer, Standardization Bureau, ITU
            Dr. Marko Jagodic, Iskratel (Republic of Slovenia)
            Mr. Zhou Jixin, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
               (People's Republic of China)
            Mr. Richard Kirby, Radiocommunications Bureau, ITU
            Mr. Corentin Penn, SEE (France)
            Mr. William Robinson, Bell-Northern Research (Canada)
            Mr. Fred Sammartino, Sun Microsystems (USA)
            Dr. A.R. Sharafat, Tarbiat Modarres University (Islamic
               Republic of Iran)
            Mr. Stuart Sharrock, Pan European Mobile Communications
            Prof. B.S. Sonde, Indian Institute of Science (India)
            Prof. Guido Tartara, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)
            Mr. Ib Thomsen, Jydsk Telefon (Denmark)
            Mr. Johan van Egmond, Philips Communication Systems
               (Netherlands)
            Dr. Seungtaik Yang, ETRI (Republic of Korea)
            H.E. Prof. Dr. Andrzej Zielinski, Ministry of Posts and
               Telecommunications (Republic of Poland)


        TELECOM 95 FORUM CALL FOR PAPERS - ABSTRACT FORM

                                                Track No: ...............
Title of paper:

 .........................................................................

 .........................................................................

Author's                                 Author's
Family name:.............................First name:.....................

Title:...................................................................

Company:

 .........................................................................

 .........................................................................

Address:

 .........................................................................

 .........................................................................

Town/City:

 .........................................................................

Zip:...........                   Country:...............................

Telephone: ...... ....... ............   Fax: ...... ....... ............
           Country  Area  Number              Country   Area  Number
           code     code                      code      code

Key words:

 .........................................................................

One-page (single-sided) abstract i.e. approximately 500 words. Abstracts
exceeding these limitations will be rejected.









Please return to:  TELECOM 95 Forum Secretariat
                   International Telecommunication Union
                   Place des Nations
                   CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland
                   Tel: [phone]
                   Fax: [phone]
                   X400: s=forumcfp;a=arcom;p=itu;c=ch
                   Internet: [e-mail]

(Deadline: 15 August 1994)


                      NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVES

AUSTRIA
Prof. Dr. Hermann Ebenberger
Technical University of Vienna
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:e389011@awituw01 (BITNET)

BRAZIL
Mr. Roberto Blois
Department of Private National Services
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

CANADA
Mr. Keith W. Hoffman
STENTOR Resource Center Inc.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Mr. William R. Robinson
Bell-Northern Research
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:[e-mail]

CHINA (PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF)
Mr. Zhou Jixin
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

DENMARK
Mr. Ib Thomsen
Jydsk Telefon R&D
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

FINLAND
Dr. Viljo Hentinen
Nokia Corporation
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

FRANCE
Mr. Corentin Penn
Alcatel CIT
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Mr. Marcel Thui
CNET
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

GERMANY (FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF)
Mr. Joachim Claus
Generaldirektion Telekom
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

HUNGARY
Prof. Giza Gordos
Scientific Society for Telecommunication
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Prof. George Lajtha
Hungarian Telecommunications Company
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

INDIA (REPUBLIC OF)
Prof. B.S. Sonde
Indian Institute of Science
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
Dr. A.R. Sharafat
Tarbiat Modarres University
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

ITALY
Prof. Guido Tartara
Politecnico di Milano
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

JAPAN
Prof. Minoru Akiyama
Shibaura Institute of Technology
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

KOREA (REPUBLIC OF)
Dr. Seungtaik Yang
ETRI
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

LEBANON
Mr. Maurice Habib Ghazal
Lebanon permanent representative to the international
telecommunication authorities
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

THE NETHERLANDS
Mr. Johan van Egmond
Philips Communication Systems
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:NLEVLICC-A707513

NORWAY
Dr. Rolf B. Haugen
Norwegian Telecom Research
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:[e-mail]

POLAND (REPUBLIC OF)
H.E. Prof. Dr. Andrzej Zielinski
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

SLOVENIA (REPUBLIC OF)
Dr. Marko Jagodic
ISKRATEL
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

SWEDEN
Mr. Bertil Fougstedt
Telia Research
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

SWITZERLAND
Mr. Peter Bachofner
Siemens-Albis AG
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:peter.bachofner.saz.siemens.arcom.ch

UNITED KINGDOM
Dr. John E. Thompson
BT Laboratories
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Mr. Glen H. Estes Jr.
Pacific Telesis Group
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:[e-mail]

Mr. Bruce Hunter
Voice of America
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

Mr. Fred Sammartino
Sun Microsystems
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail:[e-mail]

VENEZUELA
Mr. Josi Gonzalez
Ministerio de Transporte y Comunicaciones
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

------------------------------

From: [e-mail]
Date: Tue, 18 Jan 1994 00:20:58 -0800
Subject: Earthquake News


Pat,

As your readers must already no LA was shook by a series of
earthquakes which are probably the most devastating in LA history.
Today at around 4:30 AM a 6.6 magnitude shock occurred on either the
Oakridge or Devonshire faults.  Both of these faults are apparently
planes which are offset 30 degrees from being parallel to the ground
underlying Northridge, California, unlike most faults which are
perpendicular to the ground surface.

My house is located in Encino which is about ten miles south from
Northridge.  I was awakened by a series of sharp jolts followed by a
series of rolling motions which gradually tapered away.  Minor rolling
motion aftershocks continued almost continuously for the next few
hours.  Thereafter aftershocks continued during the day at times
including at least five which were over 5.0 in magnitude.  My house is
on the mountainside overlooking the San Fernando Valley -- after the
quake the valley was pitch dark.  I could not see any lights at all in
the valley.  In my house electricity was out for almost 9 hours --
apparently the majority of the San Fernando Valley is still without
power now, 16 hours after the first shock.

Phone service was out at my house for over an hour -- I still hear
reports on the news that some areas of the valley are without phone
service in Granada Hills and Northridge.  Pacific Bell announced that
incoming long distance service would be blocked during the day, and to
use the phone for emergency use only.  All water in LA distributed
North of Sunset Blvd.  is not being chlorinated and needs to be
boiled.  Some stores are selling bottled water for $15 per quart.  The
communities of Reseda, Winnetka, Porter Ranch, Northridge, North
Hills, and Granada Hills have been without water all day.  The water
has stopped where I live at around 9 PM.  Several areas in Glendale and
Sherman Oaks had fires caused by broken gas mains.

There is a dusk to dawn curfew in the cities of Los Angeles, Glendale,
San Fernando, Santa Monica, and Burbank.  Disneyland was open today,
but Magic Mountain, Universal Studios, the Forum, and most of the
other entertainment venues were closed.  Almost all resturants were
closed.  Today was a school and government holiday; the majority of
public schools will be closed tomorrow as will UCLA.  CSUN which
suffered extensive damage will be closed at least until the end of the
month.  Two trauma centers in the valley as well as the Olive View
Medical Center, a county hospital, and the Sepulveda VA Hospital were
evaculated.  The Olive View Hospital was the county hospital that was
destroyed during the 1972 earthquake three days after it opened and
was subsequently rebuilt.  A Southern Pacific freight train with
several cars filled with Sulfuric acid derailed in Northridge and has
not leaked any acid.

There is extensive damage to the Bullocks store in Northridge, and the
Interstate 5 and State highway 14 interchange.  Both of those places
were built recently and supposed to withstand earthquakes of up to 7.1
in magnitude.  The 5/14 interchange was demolished in the previous
1972 earthquake, and rebuilt supposedly earthquake safe and destroyed
today.  The Santa Monica Freeway between Fairfax and La Cienega was
destroyed as was portions of the Simi Valley freeway.

At least five people died from earthquake related heart attacks, one
lady died from a head trauma while walking after the quake, at least
fifteen people died in the collapsed Northridge Meadow apartments with
one other person missing.  As of midnight there are 27 confirmed
deaths.  Many people are camping outside of their houses afraid of
going back inside.  Many parks and softball fields have informal tent
cities set up filled with people who do not feel safe indoors at the
Red Cross, or Salvation Army shelters.

The {Los Angeles Times} has set up an earthquake hotline on their
information newsline: 808 8463 from the 213, 310, 818, 714, and 909
area codes.

Donations are being accepted by the Salvation army 1 800 725 9005


David Whiteman    [e-mail]

------------------------------

From: decrsc![e-mail] (Lee Sweet)
Subject: ISDN Primer and Video Uses
Date: Mon, 17 Jan 1994 19:39:37 EST


1. Anybody know of a good primer re ISDN: uses, options, equipment
required/optional?  (I saw only one book at the local tech bookstore,
and that was a 1/4" volume for USD 79.00 (!) with way-too-technical
contents.  Maybe I want Carl's _Phone_Book_ updated for ISDN ;-) ?

2. (1) above caused by request to immediately install two ISDN BRI [I
do know these are basic rate lines: 2 X 64 kbps + 16 kbps control,
right?]  lines for evaluation a video-conferencing system (from
PictureTel, I believe).  Question: Is ~128kbps enough for usable
video?  I though good video needed at least T1-level data?  I believe
the application is for consulting, which needs much more detail than
just showing the 'talking heads'.

3. Can I assume that the twisted-pair we have installed is fine for
ISDN?  It works for 10base-T ethernet, so ... should be fine, right?

All comments welcome!


Lee Sweet                        Internet *lists* - [e-mail]
Chief Systems Consultant        Internet *e-mail* - [e-mail]
Datatel, Inc.                               Phone - 703-968-4661
4375 Fair Lakes Court                         FAX - 703-968-4625
Fairfax, VA 22033                (Opinions are my own, and only my own!)

------------------------------

From: [e-mail] (Paul D. Guthrie)
Subject: ISDN NT1 Power Source
Date: 17 Jan 1994 22:04:29 GMT
Organization: Vorpal Software


I'm looking for a couple of answers about some ISDN questions that
experience and Stalling's ISDN book have both left me unclear on.

First, a CPE can be line powered (the AT&T 7506 e.g.), but my
experience with NT1's are that they must be DC powered (but I've only
dealt with rack mounted units).  Can NT1's be line powered?

Next, where are the RBOCs putting NT1s for normal residential ISDN
hookups?  Since the U interface range is much longer than the T
interfaces, it would make sense to put NT1s at the customer site
(especially for multipoint ISDN hookups, which shorten the T
interface).  Is this being done in practice?

My reasons for asking about this are to determine whether ISDN
residential lines are "lifeline" capable in all cases.  I.E. can they
make outgoing operator and 911 calls when powere to the residence is
out?


Thanks for any information,

Paul Guthrie    [e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 18 Jan 94 07:12:24 CDT
From: John Hildebrand <[e-mail]>
Subject: Digital Equipment and USA Video Sign OEM Agreement


Edwin Molina
Sr VP of Marketing
USA Video Corporation
800-625-2200

Tom Madden
Digital Equipment Corporation
Storage Business Unit
508-841-5365

        Digital Equipment and USA Video sign OEM Agreement

Digital Equipment Corporation announced today the signing of an
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) agreement with USA Video
Corporation, enabling the two companies to work to increase their
respective market share of the Video on Demand* industry, worldwide.
By joining forces, Digital and USA Video will offer industry-leading
video information services, including interactive video servers and
end-to-end Video on Demand solutions, to the growing interactive
information services market.

Digital and USA Video expect to demonstrate their new relationship by
jointly supporting Bell Atlantic Corporation's upcoming market trial
of Video Dial Tone (VDT) through the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone
Company of Virginia.  USA Video plans to function as a video information
provider in the trial, providing interactive video services that
employ Digital's interactive video server technology.  The market
trial is a commercial deployment of Video on Demand* that will be
offered to 40,000 northern Virginia end users in the spring of 1994.

Charles F. Christ, vice president of Digital's Storage Business Unit,
said, "Today's announcement is a culmination of ongoing discussions
between Digital and USA Video and highlights Digital's ability to
offer the most comprehensive solutions to the interactive information
and Video on Demand suppliers.  Our video server platform incorporates
Digital's Alpha AXP processors, StorageWorks disk storage arrays,
Digital Linear Tape library systems, interactive gateway unit, server
management unit, and GIGAswitch, a high-speed networking switch
linking the various elements together."  Gordon F. Lee, president of
USA Video stated "USA Video is extremely pleased to be working with
Digital on providing Video on Demand solutions to the industry.  We
plan to incorporate Digital's interactive video server technology into
our overall end-to-end Video on Demand system, which includes
programming, video compression, transmission systems, and TV set-top
boxes.  Digital's technology will further strengthen our product
offering and enhance our position as the industry's leading video
information provider."

USA Video is a turnkey Video on Demand* service provider that has
developed and is testing video compression, storage, server, and
transmission technology necessary to offer Video on Demand
entertainment and other interactive video services to residential and
business customers.  The company has headquarters in Century City,
California, with its research and development organization located in
Irving, Texas.

Digital Equipment Corporation is the world's leader in open
client/server solutions from personal computing to integrated
worldwide information systems.  Digital's Alpha AXP platforms,
storage, networking, software and services, together with
industry-focused solutions from business partners, help organizations
compete and win in today's global marketplace.

Note: Alpha AXP, Digital, the Digital Logo, GIGAswitch, and
StorageWorks are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.  Video
on Demand is a trademark of USA Video Corporation.

------------------------------

Date: Mon, 17 Jan 94 16:18:12 -0400
From: Bob Baxter <[e-mail]>
Subject: Requirements for Predictive Dialing Systems


Hello all, I'm posting this for a friend that does not have net
access:

"I'm looking for some help concerning predictive dialing systems.
Anyone have any ideas?  I need a system that can keep 12 people with
voice connections.  I also realize that I'm going to need 24 incoming
lines to a system that weeds out busy signals, has answering machine
capabilities, and such.  There are companies that set it up, both
hardware and software, for about 30-50K, but I think it could be done
for way less."


Thanks,

Virtually yours,

Bob Baxter     [e-mail]  <-- best
[e-mail]    <-- better    [e-mail]  <-- last resort

------------------------------

End of TELECOM Digest V14 #39
*****************************