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ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Documentation on ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP ZCPR is a Group Project By the CCP-GROUP: RLC - Richard Conn FJW - Frank Wancho KBP - Keith Peterson RGF - Ron Fowler ZCPR Documentation By RLC Table of Contents ----- -- -------- Introduction 2 Part A: Installation Instructions 4 ZCPR Integration Example 5 Setting the ZCPR Inline Options 8 REL, BASE, CPRLOC, RAS, SUBA, CLEVEL3 8 Customization Symbols 8 NLINES, WIDE, PGDFLT 8 PGDFLG, MAXUSR, SYSFLG, SOFLG, SUPRES, DEFUSR, SPRMPT, CPRMPT, NUMBASE, 9 SECTFLG, FENCE 10 Patching SUBMIT.COM 10 Part B: Usage Instructions and Explanation of Commands 11 The ZCPR Command Hierarchy Search 11 The ZCPR-Resident Commands 14 DIR, ERA 14 LIST, TYPE, SAVE 15 REN, USER, DFU 16 JUMP, GO, GET 17 ZCPR Error Messages 18 Part C: ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them 19 Page 1 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Documentation on ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP ZCPR is a replacement for the CP/M Console Command Processor (CCP) which is designed to run as part of CP/M on Z80-based microcomputers. In most cases it is upward-compatible with the original CP/M Version 2.2 CCP. ZCPR, however, provides many extensions to the CP/M CCP. Included in these extensions are the following features: . The TYPE function can be made to page or not page its output at the user's discretion . A LIST function is available which sends its output to the CP/M LST: Device and does NOT page . The DIR command has been extended to allow the dis- play of the system files or all files . The ERA command now prints out the names of the files it is erasing . The current user number may be included as part of the command prompt; if the user is under a number other than 0, the prompt is of the form 'du>' (like 'A2>' or 'B10>'), and, if the user is under 0, the prompt may be 'd>' or 'd0>' as per his choice . The SUBMIT facility has been changed in two basic ways: - the prompt changes to 'du$' or 'd$' when the SUBMIT command is printed - the $$$.SUB is executed from drive A: (note that the original SUBMIT problem now exists, but the new SUB.COM facility corrects it); the CCP-GROUP definition of an Indirect Command File now applies, and this definition is that any sequence of commands which may be issued from the console is also a valid sequence of commands for execution from an Indirect Command File; hence, the sequence: DIR B: DIR A: may be issued from either the console or an Indirect Command File, and the results of the execution of this sequence are the same. Basically, this says that Indirect Command Files are upward-compatible to the console input (but not necessarily that the contents of an Indirect Command File may be issued at the console without modification). Page 2 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP . A command-search hierarchy is now implemented which is executed roughly as follows: - the user's command is checked against the CPR- resident commands and executed immediately if a match is found - failing that, the current user number on the current disk is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded and executed if found - failing that, a default user number (initially 0 but can be reset with the DFU CPR-resident command) on the cur- rent disk is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded and executed if found - finally, failing that, the default user number on disk A: is scanned for the COM file; the COM file is loaded and executed if found or an error message (COMMAND?, when COMMAND was the user's command name) is printed . The numeric argument for the SAVE command can be specified in hexadecimal so that the user may employ the values presented by tools such as DDT exactly as they are given . A GET command which loads a file at a specified memory address and a JUMP command which "calls" the subroutine at a specified memory address have been added; a GO command which "calls" the subroutine at 100H (subset of the JUMP capability) has also been added This document provides the user of ZCPR with the following information: Part A: Installation Instructions Part B: Usage Instructions and Explanation of Commands Part C: ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them Page 3 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Part A Installation Instructions In order to install ZCPR on a target microcomputer (must be currently running CP/M 2.2), the user must know two basic things: 1) Where his CCP is currently running in memory 2) Where his CCP is located in the SYSGEN image, or, for systems which don't support SYSGEN (such as P&T CP/M 2.2 for the TRS-80 Model II), where his CCP is located on disk and how to place the new ZCPR on top of it The first question is answered relatively easily. A pro- gram, known as either BDOSLOC or BDLOC (for BDOS Locator), is provided with ZCPR. You should assemble this program for your particular computer (change the base ORG if you are running non- ORG-0 CP/M) and execute it. Upon execution, it will provide you with the base address of (1) the BDOS and (2) the CCP for your particular system. BDOSLOC has worked correctly for all systems tested so far, but there is always a chance that it may NOT work for some non-tested system. For the time being, assume that it works correctly and record the starting base page address of your CCP. The second question is not answered nearly so easily. If you have the ability to SYSGEN your system, it is much easier (commonly) than if you do not. You must, after assembling the ZCPR properly, integrate it into the sysgen (or disk) image of CP/M. This can be done by obtaining a SYSGEN image of your system, scanning it via a debugger such as DDT to find the offset for the CCP, reading the new CPR in on top of the old one, and finally running SYSGEN again to place the resultant system on disk. If you DO NOT have SYSGEN capability, a Disk Utility program is required to locate the CCP on disk and then write the new ZCPR on top of the old one. The net result of this integration is the placement of the new ZCPR onto disk in the proper place so that it will be loaded with the rest of CP/M on cold boot and executed properly. To find the original CCP, you typically have to locate it by its appearance. It is probably stored contiguously on disk, so, once it is found, a sequential overwrite is all that is required. Probability is extremely high that it is stored contiguously in the SYSGEN image. The CCP starts with two (2) and ONLY TWO jump instructions followed by a buffer area (possibly containing an initial command and/or the Digital Research copyright notice). The Digital Research manuals show the CCP to reside at address 980H in the SYSGEN image, but this may vary with system. To find this image, use DDT or some other such debugger, load the SYSGEN image you can get via SYSGEN, and examine memory starting at around 900H for the two (and ONLY two) jumps described above. If you find an area with more than two jumps (a group of them), you are probably looking at the BIOS and should go lower for the CCP. The CCP will probably start on an even page or half-page address (like 900H, 980H, 1100H, etc). Page 4 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Now that the location of the CCP has been found, record this address for later. You are now ready for the integration of ZCPR into your system. To do this, perform the following steps using the information of the page address of the CCP (obtained from BDOSLOC and called CPRLOC within ZCPR) and the SYSGEN image address of the CCP (called IMAGE for reference in this document). 1. Edit ZCPR and set the CPRLOC equate to the value obtained from above. Also set any flags and values as you desire (see the section on ZCPR Customization below). When satisfied, end the edit session. 2. Assemble ZCPR with MAC (or equivalent). This assembler is required because of the MACROs used. Only the resultant HEX file is required. 3. Assuming that you can use SYSGEN, obtain a SYSGEN image of your current CP/M system and save it on disk. 4. Load the SYSGEN image into memory with DDT (or equivalent). Once loaded, verify that the original CCP is at the IMAGE address found above and compute the integration offset using the DDT H command: H<IMAGE adr>,<CPRLOC adr> The second number displayed gives you the OFFSET value required for step 5. 5. Integrate ZCPR into your SYSGEN image via DDT's I and ROFFSET commands. Use IZCPR.HEX (or the name of your version of ZCPR) to load the FCB and ROFFSET (where OFFSET was computed in step 4) to load the ZCPR.HEX file into memory at the proper location. Check to see that ZCPR is indeed properly loaded by examining the SYSGEN IMAGE area. 6. Place the new system on disk by running SYSGEN and NOT loading the system from disk (use the memory image). For further clarification of the above process, the following is a sample terminal session which outlines the steps taken. ZCPR Integration Example B>; Sample terminal session for integrating ZCPR B>sysgen SYSGEN VER 2.2 SOURCE DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO SKIP)b SOURCE ON B, THEN TYPE RETURN <-- I hit the RETURN key here FUNCTION COMPLETE / DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT) <-- and here B>save 44 cpm56.com <-- We now have a SYSGEN image of CP/M to work with Page 5 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP B>xdir XDIR Version 2.6 User Number: 0, Double Density File Attributes: Non-System Filename.Typ Size K Filename.Typ Size K Filename.Typ Size K -------- --- ------ -------- --- ------ -------- --- ------ !TEXTWRK.-12 0 CPR .DOC 8 EE687 .TXT 4 CPR .AQM 34 TFS .HLP 6 EE687PRE.TXT 4 CPR .ASM 50 CONTENTS.T01 6 SW1 .TXT 10 CPR .BAK 4 CONTENTS.T02 4 SW2 .TXT 2 CPM56 .COM 12 CONTENTS.T03 4 B: 30 Entries & 22 Files -- 338K Bytes Remaining File Data: 14 Files -- 154K Bytes Displayed B>bdosloc <-- Now to locate the CCP's address The Base Page Address of this system's BDOS is C5 The Base Page Address of this system's CCP is BD <-- This is it B>ddt cpm56.com <-- Now to find the CCP in the SYSGEN image DDT VERS 2.0 NEXT PC 2D00 0100 -d900,90f <-- Start looking around here 0900 31 80 E7 3E 06 3C 3C FE 1B CA 00 C2 DA 11 E7 D6 1..>.<<......... -da00,a0f 0A00 31 00 01 01 01 0C C5 CD 0F E4 21 00 BE 11 00 04 1.........!..... -db00,b0f 0B00 31 00 01 01 01 11 C5 CD 0F E4 21 00 C0 11 00 02 1.........!..... -db80,b8f 0B80 31 00 01 01 09 01 CD A8 00 21 00 D2 11 00 C2 0E 1........!...... -- Detail Left Out -- -d1100 <-- I found it at 1100H; note the 2 JMP's 1100 C3 FF BD C3 FB BD 50 10 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ......P. 1110 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 1120 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................ -- Detail Left Out -- -^C <-- Return to CP/M; I know that CPRLOC will be BD00H and the IMAGE offset is 1100H B>ed cpr.asm {edit ZCPR here and place CPRLOC=BD00H}# -- Detail Left Out -- B>mac cpr $pz sz <-- Now to assemble the CPR CP/M MACRO ASSEM 2.0 C4F0 <-- Note that CPR MUST end before BDOS begins! 014H USE FACTOR END OF ASSEMBLY Page 6 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP B>ddt cpm56.com <-- Now to integrate! DDT VERS 2.0 NEXT PC 2D00 0100 -h1100,bd00 <-- Compute offset for new CPR CE00 5400 <-- Offset is 5400H -icpr.hex <-- Init FCB -r5400 <-- Read in new CPR with offset NEXT PC 2D00 0000 -^C <-- Done! B>sysgen <-- Now to SYSGEN onto disk SYSGEN VER 2.2 SOURCE DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO SKIP) <-- Use memory image DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT)b <-- onto B: DESTINATION ON B, THEN TYPE RETURN FUNCTION COMPLETE DESTINATION DRIVE NAME (OR RETURN TO REBOOT) <-- Done for now B> Page 7 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Setting the ZCPR Inline Options The following are the four basic options available to the user under ZCPR for customization of his package. Option Name Function REL Configures CPRLOC (CPRLOC equ 0) for integration via MOVCPM rather than the DDT/SYSGEN technique outlined above; set to TRUE for MOVCPM integra- tion or FALSE for DDT/SYSGEN integration BASE Base address of your CP/M system; standard CP/M has a base of 0, but some CP/M systems (such as for the TRS-80 Model I and Heath/Zenith H89/Z89) start physical RAM memory at a higher address; equate BASE to the starting RAM memory address of your system CPRLOC This is the starting address of ZCPR; set the second CPRLOC equate to the address you obtain from BDOSLOC RAS This is an equate which masks out selected ZCPR command functions for security purposes on Remote Access Systems such as Bulletin Boards; the masked out functions currently include SAVE, ERA, REN, JUMP, GO, and GET; set RAS to TRUE to mask these out or FALSE to leave them in SUBA This is an equate which determines the drive onto which ZCPR will look for an executing Indirect Command File. If the basic philosophy of the Indirect Command File described above is to be maintained, this symbol should be set to TRUE (look on drive A: for the $$$.SUB file); if not, this symbol should be set to FALSE (look on the default drive from the $$$.SUB file). To review, the basic philosophy of the Indirect Command File is that any sequence of commands which may be issued from the console (within reason, which means NOT to erase a $$$.SUB file) may also be issued from within an Indirect Command File, and the resultant execution should be identical (same functions performed). CLEVEL3 This equate enables or disables extended Command Level 3 Processing. If set to TRUE, extended Command Level 3 Processing is enabled and the user command line is automatically capitalized, the terminating zero is placed at the end of the buffer, and the internal CIBPTR is set correctly (see later for more information). Page 8 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Customization Symbols The following symbols are provided for further customization of ZCPR to a user's particular tastes and hardware facilities. Option Name Function NLINES Number of lines on the user's CRT for paging WIDE This equate is used to select a narrow or wide display under the DIR command; if WIDE is equated to TRUE, each file name is separated by two spaces, a FENCE, and two more spaces; if WIDE is equated to FALSE, each file name is separated by one space, a FENCE, and one more space PGDFLT This is the Paging Default flag for the TYPE command; if PGDFLT is set to TRUE, the TYPE command will page its output by default and the P option on the TYPE command (see below) will prohibit paging; if PGDFLT is set to FALSE, the TYPE command will NOT page its output by default and the P option will enable paging PGDFLG This sets the option character in the command line for the TYPE command (the 'P' mentioned above); if the user wishes to change this option character, he need only change this equate MAXUSR This is the largest user number recognized by the USER command; if the user wishes to protect the higher user areas, he may set this symbol to the highest area normally accessable; 15 is the largest permitted value for MAXUSR SYSFLG This is the option character for the DIR command line which is used to specify that DIR search All Files (both $SYS and $DIR) for its display; the distributed default for this is 'A' SOFLG This is the option character for the DIR command line which is used to specify that DIR search ONLY the $SYS files for its display; the distri- buted default for this is 'S' SUPRES Set SUPRES to TRUE to suppress printing the user number when the user is under User Number 0 or set SUPRES to FALSE to ALWAYS display the User Number with the CPR prompt; with SUPRES set to TRUE, a user on B: in user 0 sees 'B>' as the prompt, but with SUPRES set to FALSE, a user on B: in user 0 sees 'B0>' as the prompt Page 9 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP DEFUSR This is the CPR-default user number which is searched in the command hierarchy for the COM files (distributed as 0); the DFU changes this temporarily until a Warm Boot or Cold Boot is done, at which time the search reverts to this value SPRMPT This is the CPR prompt character which indicates that a SUBMIT file is in execution; by default it is set to '$', so prompts like 'A$' appear during SUBMIT file execution CPRMPT This is the CPR prompt character which indicates that the CPR is awaiting a user console command; by default it is set to '>', so prompts like 'A>' appear during user input to the CPR NUMBASE This is the escape character used by those commands which require a DECIMAL number as an argument; placing this character after the number argument switches the base to HEXADECIMAL; for example, 'SAVE 15 MYFILE' can be expressed as 'SAVE FH MYFILE' if NUMBASE is set to 'H' (the default) SECTFLG This character constant is the suffix option for the SAVE command which specifies that sectors, as opposed to pages, are to be saved; the default value is 'S' FENCE This is the character printed to separate entries in a directory listing; it's default value is '|' Patching SUBMIT.COM SUBMIT.COM may be patched to run with ZCPR by the following procedure (this is recommended if the user does not have SUB.COM). This patch simply makes it always place the $$$.SUB file on Drive A:. Illustrative terminal session follows: A>ddt b:submit.com DDT VERS 2.0 NEXT PC 0600 0100 -s5bb <-- Patch is at 5BB Hex 05BB 00 1 <-- Change 0 (default drive) to 1 (drive A:) 05BC 24 . <-- That's it! -d5b0 5cf <-- See change 05B0 00 00 00 00 00 00 30 30 31 20 24 01 24 24 24 20 ......001 $.$$$ 05C0 20 20 20 20 53 55 42 00 00 00 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A SUB......... -^C <-- Done A>save 5 newsubmt.com <-- Save new SUBMIT.COM file Page 10 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Part B Usage Instructions and Explanation of Commands The following instructions are written with the assumption that the reader is quite familiar with how to use CP/M 2.2 and its CCP. ZCPR is written as a logical extension of the CP/M 2.2 CCP philosophy and should be addressed as such. The ZCPR Command Hierarchy Search The first, and most basic thing, to learn about ZCPR is the order in which is searches for a COM file for execution or a file specified by the GET command. Under the CP/M 2.2 CCP, if the specified COM file command was not found on the current drive in the current user area, the CCP aborted with an error message. ZCPR, however, continues searching from this point a maximum of two more levels. This command hierarchy search was outlined above and is described here in further detail. 1. If the command is of the form 'COMMAND' and NOT 'd:COMMAND', the CPR-resident command list is searched for a match. If the match is found, the CPR-resident command is immediately processed. If the match is not found or the command is of the form 'd:COMMAND', the next step is taken. Note that the 'd:COMMAND' form is good for executing a command COM file which has the same name as a CPR-resident command (such as SAVE or DIR). 2. If the command is of the form 'd:COMMAND', disk drive 'd:' is temporarily logged in for the purpose of the command search. Otherwise, the currently logged-in drive is used. 3. Now the file named COMMAND.COM is searched for. If found, it is loaded into memory starting at 100H and executed. If not, proceed to step 4. 4. Now that the first search for COMMAND.COM has failed, the CPR checks to see if the user is under the current Default User Number. The Default User Number may be that set by the DEFUSR equate in the CPR or that set by the user via the DFU command. DEFUSR is in effect if DFU has not been issued since the last Warm or Cold Boot, and DFU is in effect if it was issued since the last Warm or Cold Boot. If the user is NOT under the current Default User Number, ZCPR temporarily logs him into it and searches the directory. If COMMAND.COM is found, it is loaded as described above and executed. If not, ZCPR proceeds to the next step. Page 11 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP 5. The user is now in the Default User Number, and at this point, ZCPR checks to see if the user is on disk drive A:. If not, it temporarily logs into A: and searches the default user number of A: for COMMAND.COM. If found, it is loaded as described above and executed. If not, ZCPR prints the command name as an error message and returns to command input mode, aborting the SUBMIT file if COMMAND came from it. In all cases of the search above, if COMMAND.COM is found, after it is loaded into memory, ZCPR resets the user to his original disk drive and user number. Hence, the files referenced by the user by default are obtained from this environment. To illustrate this command hierarchy search, consider the following examples: Example 1: DEFUSR equ 0 {default user number is 0} B10> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 10 B10>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- User wishes to assemble TEST.ASM in Drive B:, User 10 <-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/10 for ASM.COM, fails, looks on B:/0, fails, and finally looks on A:/0; it finds ASM.COM here and goes back to B:/10 for the file Example 2: DEFUSR equ 0 and DFU issued B10> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 10 B10>DFU 5 <-- User Selects User 5 as default B10>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- As above <-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/10 for ASM.COM, fails, look on B:/5, fails, and finally looks on A:/5; it fails here also and prints ASM? as an error message Example 3: DEFUSR equ 0 B> <-- User is on Drive B:, User Number 0 B>ASM TEST.BBZ <-- As above <-- At this point, ZCPR looks on B:/0 for ASM.COM, fails, looks on A:/0, fails, and prints error message Example 4: DEFUSR equ 0 A10> <-- User is on Drive A:, User Number 10 A10>ASM TEST.AAZ <-- As above, but file on A: <-- At this point, ZCPR looks on A:/10 for ASM.COM, fails, looks on A:/0, fails, and prints error message Page 12 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Another Example: For example, if the user is logged into Drive B: in User Area 10, the Default User Number is 0, and the following COM files are present as indicated -- WM.COM on Drive A: in User 0 MBASIC.COM on Drive A: in User 0 and on Drive B: in User 0 TEST.COM on Drive B: in User 10 and Drive B: in User 0 then the following happens when the following commands are issued from the console (or Indirect Command File): B10>WM TEST2.TXT \ \ \__ File to be edited \ \__ Invoke the WM.COM file (Word Master editor) \__ User is on Drive B: in User Area 10 Results: ZCPR searches B: User 10, B: User 0, and A: User 0 for WM.COM; it finds WM.COM in A: User 0, loads it, logs the user back into B: User 10, and executes it. B10>MBASIC \ \__ Invoke the MBASIC.COM file (MBASIC Interpreter) \__ User is on Drive B: in User Area 10 Results: ZCPR searches B: User 10 and B: User 0 for MBASIC.COM; it finds MBASIC.COM in B: User 0, so it doesn't bother to look on A: User 0. MBASIC.COM is then loaded and executed as described in the previous example. B10>TEST \ \__ Invoke the TEST.COM file (TEST program) \__ User is on Drive B: in User Area 10 Results: ZCPR searches B: User 10 for TEST.COM; it finds TEST.COM in B: User 0, so it doesn't bother to look further (if it had, it would have found TEST.COM in B: User 0). TEST.COM is then loaded and executed as described above. B10>TEST2 \ \__ Invoke the TEST2.COM file (TEST2 program) \__ User is on Drive B: in User Area 10 Results: ZCPR searches B: User 10, B: User 0, and A: User 0 for TEST2.COM; it doesn't find it, so it issues the error message 'TEST2?', which says it couldn't find TEST2.COM. Page 13 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP The ZCPR-Resident Commands The following pages describe the ZCPR-Resident Commands. These are commands located within ZCPR itself which are executed from within ZCPR. The phrases <afn> and <ufn> refer to ambiguous file name and unambigous file name as per the CP/M convention. Command: DIR Function: To Display a listing of the names of the files on disk Forms: DIR <afn> <-- Displays $DIR files DIR <afn> S <-- Displays $SYS files DIR <afn> A <-- Displays both $DIR and $SYS files Customization Variables: WIDE SYSFLG SOFLG FENCE Examples: DIR *.ASM <-- All $DIR .ASM files DIR *.COM S <-- All $SYS .COM files DIR *.COM A <-- All .COM files Notes: If a file is scanned for and no such name exists on disk, the 'No Files' message will appear. However, if a file is scanned for and the name exists as a $SYS file and $DIR files are being scanned for, no file name is displayed but the 'No Files' message does NOT appear. For example, if TEST.COM is a $SYS file and 'DIR TEST.COM' is issued, no message appears. If 'DIR TEXT.COM' is issued and TEXT.COM does not exist on disk, the 'No Files' message is displayed. Command: ERA Function: To Erase the specified $R/W files from disk Forms: ERA <afn> <-- Erase both $DIR and $SYS files Customization Variables: WIDE FENCE Examples: ERA *.ASM <-- Erase all .ASM files ERA *.* <-- Erase all files Notes: If a $R/O file is encountered, a BDOS error message will be displayed and the procedure is stopped. The user is unsure at this time as to which files have been erased and which have not and should check. Sorry for this problem! The ERASE command (to be given to SIG/M by RLC in the near future) is a solution to this problem. Page 14 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Command: LIST Function: To Print the specified file on the CP/M LST: device Forms: LIST <ufn> <-- Print the file (no paging) Customization Variables: -None- Examples: LIST TEST.TXT <-- Print TEST.TXT on LST: Notes: If the file has a $SYS attribute, it will be found as well as those with $DIR attributes. Command: TYPE Function: To Print the specified file on the CP/M CON: device Forms: TYPE <ufn> <-- Print the file with the paging deflt TYPE <ufn> P <-- Print the file with the paging deflt negated Customization Variables: NLINES PGDFLT PGDFLG Examples: TYPE TEST.TXT TYPE TEST.TXT P Notes: When the display pauses during paging, type any char to continue or ^C to abort. ^S also works. Command: SAVE Function: To Copy the TPA starting at 100H to disk Forms: SAVE <Number of Pages> <ufn> <-- <Number of Pages> in DEC SAVE <Number of Pages>H <ufn> <-- <Number of Pages> in HEX SAVE <Number of Sectors> <ufn> S <-- Number of sectors SAVE <Number of Sectors>H <ufn> S <-- Number of sectors Customization Variables: NUMBASE RAS Examples: SAVE 15 MYFILE.TXT <-- 15 pages saved SAVE FH MYFILE.TXT <-- 15 pages saved SAVE 10H MYFILE.TXT S <-- 16 sectors (8 pages) saved Notes: If the file name to be saved already exists, then SAVE will exit with the message 'Delete File?'; if the user REALLY wants to save under this name, he may then type Y or y and the current file will be deleted and then recreated containing the specified part of the TPA. Page 15 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Command: REN Function: To Change the name of a disk file Forms: REN <ufn new>=<ufn old> Customization Variables: RAS Examples: REN NEWFILE.TXT=OLDFILE.TXT Notes: If <ufn new> already exists, the message 'Delete File?' will be printed and the user may respond with Y or y to delete the current <ufn new> and then rename <ufn old> to <ufn new>. Command: USER Function: To Change the current user number Forms: USER <User Number> <-- <User Number> in DEC USER <User Number>H <-- <User Number> in HEX Customization Variables: -None- Examples: USER 15 USER FH USER 0 USER <-- Same as USER 0 Notes: -None- Command: DFU Function: To Temporarily Change the default user number for the command hierarchy search Forms: DFU <User Number> <-- <User Number> in DEC DFU <User Number>H <-- <User Number> in HEX Customization Variables: -None- Examples: DFU 15 DFU FH DFU 0 DFU <-- Same as DFU 0 Notes: See above for explanation. Page 16 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Command: JUMP Function: To "call" the subroutine at the specified page address Forms: JUMP <Address> <Cmd Parms> <-- <Address> in HEX Customization Variables: NUMBASE RAS Examples: JUMP E000 or JUMP E000H <-- Jump to E000H JUMP <-- Jump to 000H JUMP 0 <-- Jump to 000H Notes: JUMP performs a subroutine "call", so the called routine may return to the ZCPR by either a RET or a Warm Boot. Command: GO Function: To "call" the subroutine starting at 100H Forms: GO <Cmd Parms> <-- Execute reentrant at 100H Customization Variables: RAS Examples: GO *.ASM <-- Assuming XDIR is loaded, gives directory of *.ASM Notes: This command is identical in function to JUMP 100H; JUMP, however, leaves the address as the first entry in CP/M BASE + 80H (the input line buffer), while GO has no such address. Command: GET Function: To load a file from disk into memory starting at the specified page Forms: GET <Address> <ufn> <-- <Address> in HEX Customization Variables: NUMBASE RAS Examples: GET 8000 TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80 starting at 8000H GET 100 TEST.80 or GET 100H TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80 starting at 100H GET 0 TEST.80 <-- Load TEST.80 starting at 000H Notes: GET searches for the specified file according to the same command hierarchy search employed by the ZCPR command scanner. Hence, if the user is on B:/10 and the file is on A:/0 with the current default user number at 0, GET will search from B:/10 to B:/0 to A:/0 in looking for the file. Page 17 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP ZCPR Error Messages The following are the error messages issued by ZCPR and their meanings. Message Meaning ? Printed after a command or an argument means that such was invalid No File From DIR, this means that DIR did not locate any files Also from ERA with the same meaning All? Issued in response ERA *.*, asks the user is he really wants to erase all the files. Unlike under the original CP/M 2.2 CCP, single character input is required (Y or y for yes and anything else for no) with NO <CR> to end the line Full From SAVE, means that there is not enough space on disk From GET or command load by CPR, means that there is not enough space in memory Delete File? From REN or SAVE, means that the file specified already exists on disk and the user may type Y or y to delete it and proceed with the REN or SAVE function Page 18 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP Part C ZCPR Command Levels and How to Use Them ZCPR Version 1.0 and beyond supports three distinct command levels in its implementation. Each level constitutes a different way to issue a command for ZCPR to process. Command Levels 1 and 2 are common to all implementations of CP/M and CP/ZM from CP/M Version 1.4. Command Level 1 is that command level in which the command is issued by the user from his console terminal. The prompt 'd>' or 'du>' appears on the terminal, and the user is allowed to enter the command with editing from the terminal. Command Level 2 is that command level in which the command is entered from an executing $$$.SUB file. In both cases, the command is stored in the internal ZCPR buffer called CIBUFF (Command Input BUFFer). Under both Command Levels 1 and 2, the command is placed into this buffer, the characters of the command line are capitalized, a character count which indicates the number of characters in the command line is stored in CBUFF (the byte before CIBUFF), an ending binary 0 is placed after the last character in the command line, and the internal pointer CIBPTR (Command Input Buffer PoinTeR) is set to point to CIBUFF (the first character of the command line). Command Level 3 is an extended concept to Command Levels 1 and 2 which is specifically supported by ZCPR Version 1.0 and beyond. This command level allows a transient program to place a command line into CIBUFF and the character count into CBUFF and have this command line executed by ZCPR. Once control is trans- ferred to ZCPR to execute the command line, the transient program which placed the command line loses control and the command is executed exactly as though it had been typed by the user at his console terminal. In order for a transient program to utilize the Command Level 3 facility, this program MUST do the following: 1. Locate the ZCPR. Since the ZCPR is ALWAYS 2K bytes in size and located directly under the BDOS, the transient can locate the ZCPR by examining the BDOS entry page address at location 7 and subtracting 8 from this number (8 pages = 2K bytes). The resulting number is the base page address of ZCPR. 2. Store the command line in CIBUFF and the character count in CBUFF. Knowing the base page address of ZCPR, the following information is useful in doing this: Page 19 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP ORG CPRLOC ;Base Address of ZCPR JMP CPR ;Enter ZCPR and Execute Default Cmd JMP CPR1 ;Enter ZCPR and Don't Execute MBUFF: DB BUFLEN ;Size of CIBUFF in bytes CBUFF: DS 1 ;Number of Bytes in Command Line CIBUFF: DS BUFLEN ;Buffer for Command Line DS 1 ;Buffer for Ending 0 (set by ZCPR) CIBPTR: DS 2 ;Address of CIBUFF (set by ZCPR) 3. Obtain the User/Disk Flag. Location 4 contains this number, but the user may select a flag of his choice. This flag is one byte long, and the high-order nybble (4 bits) contains the user number and the low-order nybble contains the disk number to process the command from. The User/Disk Flag is to be passed to ZCPR in the C Register. 4. When ready, transfer control to ZCPR to process the command by JMPing to the base address of ZCPR. The first JMP in the JMP Table given above is at this address. At this time, ZCPR will log in the user and disk in the User/Disk Flag and process the Command Level 3 Command Line. Page 20 ZCPR - A Z80 Replacement for the CP/M CCP The following is a sample program which illustrates the steps outlined above: ; ; Demonstration of Command Level 3 Facility by RLC ; udflag equ 4 ;Address of User/Disk Flag bdos equ 5 ;Address of BDOS Entry Point org 100h lxi d,prmpt ;Print User Prompt mvi c,9 ;PRINT function call bdos lhld bdos+1 ;Get address of BDOS mov a,h ;High-Order Address in A sui 8 ;A=High-Order Address of CPR mov h,a ;HL=Address of CPR mvi l,0 shld cpr ;Save address in buffer lxi d,6 ;Point to command line buffer dad d ;HL points to command line buffer xchg ;DE points to command line buffer mvi c,10 ;READLN into this buffer call bdos lhld cpr ;Get Address of CPR lda udflag ;Get User/Disk Flag mov c,a ; ... in C pchl ;Run Command Line cpr: ds 2 ;CPR Address buffer prmpt: db 'User Command? $' Enjoy using ZCPR! -- RLC Page 21