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- DOCUMENTATION FOR MEMRS.COM
-
- Introduction
- ------------
-
- MEMRS is an exhaustive memory test program for CP/M
- environments. It tests from the top of itself to the bottom of
- the CP/M BIOS or alternatively, the BDOS.
-
- Usage
- -----
-
- MEMRS [-R][-B]
-
- Where
-
- [-R] is an optional "Random number only" test
- specifier
-
- [-B] is an optional "Test to BDOS" specifier
-
-
- Examples
- --------
-
- MEMRS
-
- This will invoke the program with no special options.
-
- MEMRS -R
-
- This will invoke the program for the random number test
- only.
-
- MEMRS -B
-
- This will invoke the program for default testing to the
- bottom of the BDOS and use the BDOS for I/O rather than
- default test to the bottom of the BIOS and use the BIOS
- for I/O.
-
- MEMRS -BR or MEMRS -RB or MEMRS -B -R or MEMRS -R -B
-
- This will invoke the program for default testing to the
- bottom of the BDOS as above AND random number only
- test.
-
- Error Messages
- --------------
-
- If any memory location fails any of the component parts of
- the memory test an error message will be displayed as follows:-
-
- LOCATION SHOULD BE WAS
- 6000 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
-
- If there are multiple bad memory locations up to 18 will be
- displayed before the display halts and prompts for a keypress to
- display further errors.
-
- LOCATION SHOULD BE WAS
- 7000 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7001 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7002 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7003 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7004 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7005 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7006 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7007 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7008 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7009 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700A 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700B 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700C 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700D 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700E 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 700F 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7010 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- 7011 00 0000 0000 FF 1111 1111
- "CR" to continue test - "SP", "^C" to quit, "^X" to restart.
-
-
- Internal Prompts
- ----------------
-
- The program prompts for the starting and ending addresses of
- the block of memory to be tested and offers default values which
- will test the largest possible block of memory. The default top
- of the block to be tested depends on whether the -B option was
- specified. If the default values are chosen, the actual value
- determined by the program is displayed next to the prompt as if
- the user had entered the value.
-
- When specific values are entered by the user a valid 4 digit
- hexadecimal address must be given or an error message will be
- displayed and the prompt issued again.
-
- The program may be aborted at any time by hitting any of the
- keys specified in the abort prompt.
-
- The program prompts as follows:-
-
- MEMRS Memory Test - Version 1.9
-
- BDOS located at D300 Top of memory at FFFF
- Press "SP" or "^C" to warm boot at any time
- or "^X" to restart test from beginning.
- Response of "CR" gives default test range
- which starts above this program and ends at BDOS
-
- Starting address (Hex or "CR") 08F7
- Ending address (Hex or "CR") D3F9
- "CR" to continue test - "SP", "^C" to quit, "^X" to restart.
-
-
- Tutorial on Memory Testing
- --------------------------
-
- There is no practical way to do a thorough test on all of a
- computers memory in one pass. The memory test program itself will
- occupy some memory which it cannot thoroughly test. It is
- possible to write simple memory tests which are able to test the
- memory that the reside in but these tests will not detect many
- types of memory errors.
-
- Memory faults can be fairly simple gross errors where a bit
- is permanently stuck (high or low) or they may be timing/pattern
- sensitive where the fault is only evident with a certain
- combination of data in surrounding bits. To attempt to test
- memory as thoroughly as possible several different types of tests
- need to be performed. MEMRS has a wide variety of tests and has
- proven particularly effective in locating bad memory in
- comparison to large number of other memory test programs with
- which it has been compared. It does not perform any long term
- memory retention testing or any "burn in" testing, however these
- types of tests are best performed over long periods of time and
- require highly optimised programs to execute in realistic time
- spans.
-
- MEMRS is intended as a relatively fast but thorough test to
- quickly establish whether any of the more common memory errors
- has occured. In practical terms, the whole of a computer's
- memory rarely fails simultaneously. Memory failures generally
- occur in individual memory chips which usually cover no more than
- 16K of memory space (though this will change as 64K chips become
- readily available). In this case it is usually possible in CP/M
- systems to readdress memory so that the suspected bad memory is
- located in an area that can be tested with MEMRS. If the bad
- memory is located in any of the CP/M system areas it is highly
- unlikely that you will be able to reliably load any programs at
- all from disk so there is not a great deal of point in designing
- memory tests for these addresses.
-
- If an error is suspected in the CP/M BIOS memory area the
- best move is to build a smaller size CP/M system that does not
- use the suspected bad memory and the load MEMRS and test the
- suspect memory. MEMRS will test any address explicitly given to
- it. It does not test to see if you will kill CP/M or itself.
-
- The random number only test is useful for longer term
- testing of memory. If an intermittent fault is suspected and the
- memory has passed several "full" test cycles it is probably
- worthwhile stopping the test and restarting it as a random number
- only test which will cycle much faster.
-
- The normal default ending address of the bottom of the BIOS
- gives the largest possible block of memory to test. It also means
- that all console input and output from the program goes directly
- to the BIOS jump table so it is not possible to log the output on
- the printer using Control P. Specifying the BDOS option at
- invokation directs all console output via the BDOS which means
- that it is possible to log the test output on the printer by
- typing Control P before the program is invoked.
-
- END OF MEMRS.DOC
-