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- ROOTS/M
-
- SOFTWARE TO HELP ORGANIZE
- YOUR FAMILY TREE
-
- PROGRAM BY HERBERT DRAKE JR.
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- ORIGINAL MANUAL BY BRUCE MURRAY
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- * THIS IS NOT FREE SOFTWARE. THIS IS A SHAREWARE PROGRAM. YOU *
- * ARE ENCOURGED TO USE THIS PROGRAM AND DISTRIBUTE THIS PROGRAM *
- * TO BBS SYSTEMS AND YOUR FRIENDS. NO CHARGE CAN BE MADE FOR *
- * THIS PROGRAM ABOVE THE ACTUAL COSTS TO REPRODUCE THE PROGRAM. *
- * HERB DRAKE JR. RETAINS ALL COPYRIGHTS AND EXPRESSLY FORBIDS *
- * THE SALE OF ROOTS/M BY ANY PARTY, OR THE INCLUSION OF ROOTS/M *
- * IN ANY PACKAGE OF PROGRAMS OFFERED FOR SALE. IF YOU FIND THAT *
- * THIS PROGRAM IS USEFUL AND YOU CONTINUE TO USE IT AFTER A 30 *
- * DAY EVAULUATION PERIOD, YOU MUST REGISTER THE PROGRAM. WHEN *
- * YOU DISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM, YOU MUST INCLUDE ALL THE FILES IN *
- * THIS ARCHIVE. YOU MAY NOT ALTER OR MODIFY THE ROOTS/M FILES. *
- * *
- * PLEASE SEND YOUR REGISTRATION FEE OF 20 DOLLARS (US) TO : *
- * *
- * HERBERT DRAKE Jr. *
- * 40 PIKES PEAK DRIVE *
- * SAN RAFAEL, CA. 94903 *
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- *****************************************************************
- *** NOTE ***
-
- This program is being released by Herbert Drake as a Shareware
- program. This program was once available as a commercial program
- and has not been available for years. If you find this program
- fits your needs, PLEASE REGISTER IT. It's not often these days
- that we CP/M users can even find software for our machines. I
- would hope that we would support any software authors that make
- such fine programs available.
-
- One of the most important features of this program, in my opinion,
- is the data files you create under ROOTS/M can be moved into the
- Commsoft IBM series of ROOTS programs. The Commsoft programs,
- ROOTS II and ROOTS III, are considered by many genealogists to
- be two of the best programs available. This means you can use
- your present computer with ROOTS/M, and later if your computer
- dies, or you decide to move to an IBM compatible, you can move
- your records without typing everything in all over again. After
- putting in a few hundred genealogy records you will probably
- feel good knowing that you can transfer them the next time.
-
- I would like to thank Herb Drake for releasing this version of
- ROOTS/M. This is an excellent genealogy program that will allow
- you to use your CP/M Computer to keep your genealogy records in
- an easy to access and orderly system.
-
- Another special thanks to Howard Nurse at Commsoft, who helped
- me track down Herb Drake, and thereby made this release possible.
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- I have attemped to recreate the ROOT/M manual in its entirety
- with the exception of the illustrations and general genealogy
- information included in the original manual.
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- Charles Cotham
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- 1
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- TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
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- CHAPTER 1: A MARRIAGE OF GENEALOGY AND THE PERSONAL COMPUTER...... 4
- Genealogy and the home computer system meet in ROOTS/M
-
- CHAPTER 2: A TALE OF TWO GENEALOGIES.............................. 5
-
- A Quick Run Through ROOTS/M..................................... 6
- The distribution disk comes with a sample basefile which
- allows you to experiment with the program.
-
- CHAPTER 3: THE PEDIGREE CHART AND FAMILY GROUP SHEET............. 11
- The genealogist's standard record-keeping tools.
-
- CHAPTER 4: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE LOADING ROOTS/M.......... 15
- Working with the basefile. An estimate if the number of
- names your system will be able to store. Deleting non-
- essential files.
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- CHAPTER 5: GETTING STARTED....................................... 18
- The start-up procedure and an explanation of the MENU,
- program control keys and f-table.
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- MENU........................................................... 20
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- INSTRUCTIONS................................................... 22
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- CHAPTER 6: THE PROGRAM CONTENTS.................................. 22
- EDIT........................................................... 22
- How to enter names into the basefile. A detailed description
- and step-by-step explanation of the procedure for adding
- names to, or modifying names already in, the basefile.
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- LIST........................................................... 33
- The window on the basefile. Lists all or a portion of the
- basefile
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- FAMILY......................................................... 34
- The corollary to the family group sheet. Displays the com-
- position of a family and moves you from generation to gener-
- tion, showing how a single family has grown larger or smaller.
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- TRACE.......................................................... 35
- The corollary to the pedigree chart. Produces a pedigree
- chart for any individual in the basefile.
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- PRINT.......................................................... 36
- The way to make hard copies. Prints both a pedigree chart and
- family group sheet of any individual in the basefile.
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- RELATIONSHIP................................................... 37
- How two people on the family tree are related. Determines
- the relationship between and degree of consaguinity of any
- two members of the family tree.
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- 2
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- ANNIVERSARY.................................................... 39
- Keeping track of important dates. Lists all births, deaths
- and marriages that have occured on a specified day.
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- EXIT........................................................... 39
- The way out. Leaving ROOTS/M at the end of a session.
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- Providing your own date routine................................ 40
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- 3
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- CHAPTER 1
- A Marriage
- Genealogy and the Personal Computer
-
- Woven into history is the story of people-names, dates and faces. Those
- people hunted and gathered, painted pictures on stone, and built houses
- of stone, kept records, built ships. Above all, they had children. Those
- children had children, again and again. The cycle of parents and children
- has so far persisted, making possible everyone who draws a breath today.
-
- Grateful to those who persisted, it is natural to ask, "Who came before
- me?"
-
- The answer entails a search. The hunt uncovers particular facts and gen-
- eral impressions. It summons the powers of a sleuth, launching expeditions
- across borders and into unfamiliar territory. Out of the search emerges
- a family tree, a personal history, family history, a perspective on hun-
- dreds of years of experience. Call the quest "genealogy."
-
- Discovering a heritage is like solving a jigsaw puzzle. What were the
- names and birthdates of forebears? How many children did they have? What
- did they do? How did they feel about their lot in life? A thorough search
- can take years of hunting through archives and talking with relatives and
- other genealogists. Disinterested ancestors did nothing to make the job
- easier. Some will hide. In spite of themselves, though, they undoubtedly
- left behind records, clues to the kind of lives they led. Those people
- were out there. They existed. You are not chasing ghosts.
-
- The exercise of recording on paper all that is worth remembering creates
- particular problems for the genealogist. Documenting discoveries becomes
- increasingly difficult as the search becomes more successful. As you un-
- cover hundreds of ancestors and record their names and vital statistics
- on loose slips of paper, you will gradually build a bulky, loose-leaf
- monument to the past. Enter the personal computer.
-
- ROOTS/M puts the family tree on a magnetic disk. It will hold the ident-
- ities of ancestors, and perform genealogical referencing tasks that would
- take hours of searching in loose boxes. Handling enough names to construct
- a family tree that can include as many as 99 generations, ROOTS/M turns
- the video screen into a window with a view of every branch. A keystroke
- charts the growth and decline of families, showing how a single family
- grows into many. ROOTS/M calculates the relationship between members on
- the tree and keeps track of all anniversaries of births, marriages and
- deaths as well as the place of their occurrence. ROOTS/M will print both
- filled-in and blank prdigree charts and family group sheets. These can be
- sent to other genealogists or members of your family who can assist you
- in your search.
-
- ROOTS/M is designed to maintain a database called a "basefile" which
- contains all the genealogical information that you supply. The program
- takes the basefile and performs genealogical referencing tasks using
- seven separate routines -or programs- and an on-screen list called the
- f-table. The seven routines are selected from a MENU which serves as a
- table of contents and door into each of the routines. These include:
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- EDIT: Allows you to enter an individual's name, sex, parents,
- date and place of birth, marriage and death, and as many
- as four spouses.
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- LIST: Allows you to view all or a portion of the basefile and
- select individuals from the file to use in other routines.
-
- FAMILY: Displays the composition of a single family in a format
- similar to a family group sheet.
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- TRACE: Constructs a pedigree chart for any individual in the
- basefile.
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- RELATIONSHIP: Calculates the relationship and common ancestors of any
- two individuals in the basefile.
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- ANNIVERSARY: Displays all the births, marriages and deaths that occured
- on a specified day.
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- PRINT: Prints 72 or 132 column width pedigree charts and family
- group sheets.
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- In the lower portion of the screen is a holding area for names drawn from
- the basefile. This "fetch-table", or f-table, does not change as you move
- between routines, and is the key to the efficient operation of ROOT/M.
- While you are running ROOTS/M, either entering new individuals or making
- inquiries about others already on the basefile, you will be shuffling
- them in and out of the f-table, using the same names often in more than
- one routine. Adept use of the f-table simplifies even further the task of
- maintaining and expanding your genealogical records.
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- If your search is diligent, you will collect enough material to fill
- books - letters, news clippings, anecdotes, stories of the day the
- chickens escaped from the coop, ROOTS/M was written to accomodate as
- many ancestors as possible. It does so by compressing the amount of
- information needed to identify each individual, and it places the com-
- pressed basefile in the computers random access memory (RAM) while
- ROOTS/M is operating. Placing the entire basefile in RAM increases the
- speed of the program's operation; it also means that the program must
- pack data efficiently in the basefile.
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- Although you may create more than one basefile and store them all on
- separate disks, ROOTS/M will operate with only one at a time. To con-
- serve space, then, and leave room for as many individuals as possible in
- your systems RAM, the program is not designed to store anecdotal inform-
- tion. As you encounter anecdotes during your search, you should still
- gather them in a seperate place. The program is the kernal of the family
- history, the guide to discovery and research.
-
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- CHAPTER 2
- A TALE OF TWO GENEALOGIES
-
- Long ago in the British Isles, two neighboring kingdoms had been at war
- for more than 50 years. It had started when an inhabitant of Regencia on
- the eastern side of the river allegedly stole a herd of cattle from an
- inhabitant of Oxland on the western side of the river. Tempers during the
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- disagreement over ownership flaired. Armed conflict followed.
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- Since the war had cost his kingdom many lives, the king of Regencia sug-
- gested a plan to end the fighting. He proposed to the king of Oxland
- that they assemble their armies on a plain by the river. Each country
- would select its most able warrior, and the two would battle each other
- in full view of both armies, the winner of that contest earning victory
- for his kingdom.
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- Oxland's king agreed, and three days later at sunrise, both armies in
- full regalia assembled by the river to witness the battle that would
- decide their kingdom's fate.
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- From the ranks of Oxland's army appeared a giant of a warrior. Full-
- bearded, George Gibbon stood six and a half feet tall. He wore thick
- animal skins and carried a broadsword. Log strides took him confidently
- to the center of the field.
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- From the ranks of Regencia's army Albert Bright appeared. A foot shorter
- than Gibbon, he too wore skins, though of much softer sheepskin. He
- carried no weapons, it seemed, although as he scurried out to the middle
- of the battlefield his right hand was buried beneath the fold of his
- garments. Venturing out onto the battlefield, he glanced back several
- times at his fellow soldiers as if he were seeing them for the last time.
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- Some distance from the middle of the battlefield, the armies watching
- saw the two stop within a foot of each other. For an instant, Bright and
- Gibbon stood motionless. With both hands, then, George Gibbon raised his
- broadsword above his head preparing to split his opponent in two.
-
- Just as Gibbon started to bring his sword down, a curious thing happened.
- Albert Bright pulled a piece of parchment from beneath his sheepskins and
- showed it to Gibbon. Gibbon hesitated, looking down at the parchment. He
- dropped his sword to his side. Slowly, he put the sword down and shook as
- if with laughter. He bent and embraced Bright, picking the smaller man up
- into the air, signaling that the conflict had ended. Rejoicing ensued.
-
- What happened? Bright had brought a copy of his family tree which showed
- that he and Gibbon had the same great-great grandparents. Gibbon , fortu-
- nately, understood immediately that he and Bright were cousins, and pick-
- ing the smaller man up, he was heard to ask, "Cousin Al, why didn't you
- say it was you?"
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- A QUICK RUN THROUGH ROOTS/M
-
- A sample basefile -containing the families of Albert Bright and George
- Gibbon- has been included on the distribution disk. Users familiar with
- the operation of their system can load ROOTS/M immediately and experiment
- with the program using the sample basefile. A more complete set of oper-
- ating instructions is included later in the manual, and less experienced
- users may want to review those first.
-
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- MAKE A COPY OF THE DISTRIBUTION DISK
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- Before anything else you should copy all ROOTS/M files onto a blank disk
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- that has been formatted. Use the duplicate after storing the distribution
- disk in a safe place. Users of one-drive systems may also want to copy
- the CP/M system files onto the disk before copying the ROOT/M files. The
- program is composed of several files, use " *.* " to copy all ROOTS/M
- files to your working disk.
-
-
- SPECIFY THE CONSOLE DRIVER
-
- Console drivers, which serve as the software interface between ROOTS/M
- and many popular CRT terminals, are supplied on the distribution disk.
- The console driver which matches your terminal must be named "COD.NRM"
- to be recognized by ROOTS/M. ("NRM" refers to the fact that the console
- driver is a "non-relocatable module" which means that it is always loaded
- starting at a fixed location in your computer's memory.) For a listing of
- names and comments about a variety of console drivers, refer to the
- insert in the cover of this manual. The insert contains a table showing
- the names of console drivers that most likely apply to your terminal.
-
- Use the CP/M RENAME COMMAND to change the appropriate console driver to
- COD.NRM. With the disk in dirve A the format for this command is:
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- A>REN COD.NRM=(Your console driver).NRM
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- BRINGING UP ROOTS/M
-
- If you are not placing your ROOTS/M disk into drive A, specify the drive
- that you are using by typing the drive code, a colon(:) and then RETURN.
- ROOTS/M is supplied with the sample basefile named "BRIGHT.BIN". To
- load the program type:
-
- " ROOTS BRIGHT "
-
- When ROOTS/M is loaded into the computer, it will first ask you to supply
- the date. The program uses the date in several ways, among them, to cal-
- culate ages. (If you wish, you can choose to suppress functions that use
- the date by pressing RETURN immediately rather than entering the date.)
- Once you have chosen to enter a date or forgo that option, the MENU or
- the table of contents will appear on the screen. You may choose any one
- of the routines by using the cursor control keys to place the cursor on
- the line of the desired routine and pressing RETURN.
-
- INSTRUCTIONS
-
- If you wish to review the contents of the program, use the cursor control
- keys to place the cursor on the INSTRUCTIONS line and press RETURN.
-
- Once you have reviewed the instructions, you may return to the MENU by
- pressing the MENU key (\).
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- LIST
-
- Place the cursor next to LIST and press RETURN. The LIST routine, which
- allows you to pull names from the basefile, will appear. To obtain a
- partial listing of the file you type the name, or portion of the name,
- of any individual who appears in the file on the designated line. In
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- this case, type," BRIGHT ",and press RETURN. You will see a listing of
- all the individuals in the file with the last name, Bright.(You must
- type a complete name-string -"Bright" and not, for instance, "Bri".) If
- you make a mistake, use the backspace key to erase the error. The LIST
- routine, while searching the basefile will disregard upper- and lower-
- case letters, enabling you to type either "BRIGHT" or "Bright" if you
- wish.
-
- At the bottom of the screen is the "f-table", or a holding tank for names
- pulled from the basefile that you will use in other routines. To place
- an individuals name into the f-table, move the cursor to the line on
- which the name appears, and press one of the numeric keys, 0-9. The
- f-table contains space for ten individuals who can appear in two groups.
- When " S=swap " appears on the screen, you may press "S" to view either
- one of the five-place tables.
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- Place the cursor next to Albert Bright's name and press "1" key. His
- name will appear in the f-table.
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- Press the MENU key(\) to return and select another name. This time, type
- "Gibbon" and press RETURN.
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- Place the cursor next to George Gibbon's name and press the "2" key,
- placing him on the f2 line. Press the MENU key twice to return to the
- MENU.
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- TRACE
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- With the names of Bright and Gibbon in the f-table, place the cursor next
- to TRACE and press RETURN.
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- ROOTS/M will construct the pedigree chart of an individual you choose
- from the f-table. To see the chart of Albert Bright, press the "1" key
- which corresponds to his name in the f-table.
-
- The display will place Albert Bright at the top of the chart and list the
- data that identifies him in a box below it. A single display will show up
- to six generations. Each branch on the chart represents an ancestor.
- Asterisks, or "flags," are attached to selected individuals while entering
- them into the basefile. The significance of the flag will be up to you. In
- this case they identify Albert Bright's ancestors who have died in the war
- between Oxland and Regencia. They appear in other routines as well.
-
- You may move the cursor to any individual on the chart using the cursor
- control keys, and the name of that ancestor will appear in the box be-
- neath the chart. If you wish to see that person's pedigree, press the "Y"
- key that corresponds to YES.
-
- Press the MENU key(\) to leave Bright's pedigree. Press the "2" key to
- look at Gibbon's.
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- They have a common pair of ancestors, their great-great grandparents. You
- can find them by searching each pedigree with the cursor, or you may go
- to RELATIONSHIP via the MENU to determine their relationship and common
- ancestors. From the display of Gibbon's pedigree, press the MENU key
- twice.
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- RELATIONSHIP
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- Place the cursor next to RELATIONSHIP and press RETURN.
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- You may choose individuals whose relationship you want to know by pressing
- two numeric keys. Press the "1" and "2" keys to determine the relation-
- ship and common ancestors of Bright and Gibbon.
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- Note the names of the ancestors, Alchemy Gibbon and Katherine Swamp. You
- should place them in the f-table before moving to the next routine.
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- Leave RELATIONSHIP by pressing the MENU key, and then go to LIST or TRACE.
- Using those routines, place Alchemy Gibbon and Katherine Swamp in the f-
- table. Once the two names are in the f-table, return to the MENU by pres-
- sing the MENU key twice.
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- FAMILY
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- Place the cursor next to FAMILY and press RETURN.
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- You may choose any individual in the f-table and view the composition of
- that individual's family. Press the numeric key corresponding to Alchemy
- Gibbon, and his family will appear. The designations to the left of the
- names, explained in the first page of FAMILY, identify children who also
- have children included in the basefile.
-
- If you wish to see which of the children became part of the Bright line,
- place the cursor next to Gwendolyn Gibbon's name and press the "F" or
- FORWARD key. The display will move forward one generation and place her
- at the top of the list. If you press the "R" or REVERSE key with the
- cursor next to her husband, Alchibald Bright, the display will move
- backward one generation to show the composition of the family in which
- he was a child. you can move from one generation to the next freely us-
- ing the "F" and "R" keys.
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- Press the MENU key twice to return to the main MENU.
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- ANNIVERSARY
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- Place the cursor next to ANNIVERSARY and press RETURN.
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- You may identify the anniversaries of births, deaths and marriages by
- designating a date. Choose Jan 1, and press RETURN. Press RETURN again,
- and the display will advance one day. The numbers on the left-hand side
- of the screen tally the number of years that have elapsed since the
- specified event.
-
- Press the MENU key to return to the MENU.
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- PRINT
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- Place the cursor next to PRINT and press RETURN.
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- The PRINT routine allows you to identify a number of the characteristics
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- of your printer to insure that ROOTS/M will produce pedigree charts and
- family group sheets in an acceptable form. The vertical lines on the
- pedigree chart may be represented by more than one character, and you
- may choose one of three characters to suit your printer. To identify the
- parameters of your printer place the cursor on the "Set Printer Options"
- line and press RETURN.
-
- After you have designated the capabilities of your printer, you may press
- one of the numeric keys to generate a print-out of the pedigree chart and
- family group sheet of any individual in the f-table. If a pedigree fills
- more than one page, the printer will print as many sheets as are necess-
- ary to complete the chart. You may stop the printer at the end of the
- page it is printing by pressing the MENU key.
-
- Press the MENU key and return to the main MENU.
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- EDIT
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- Place the cursor next to EDIT and press RETURN.
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- Names are entered into the base file using this routine. When it appears,
- you will be asked if you wish to create a new record or alter an old one.
- The operation of EDIT is covered extensively in the second half of the
- manual. You will probably not want to add any names to the basefile at
- this time.
-
- Inspect the EDIT record field to observe the information that can be
- stored about any individual. Bring up Albert Bright from the f-table by
- pressing the "1" key to see how information about him is displayed.
- Notice the place to attach a flag- the asterisk that apperars next to a
- name when it is displayed in other routines.
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- To leave EDIT, press the MENU key. You will be asked if you are sure you
- want to leave. Press the "Y" key to return to the MENU.
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- EXIT
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- To leave the program, place the cursor on the EXIT line and press RETURN.
- You will have to verify that you wish to do so by pressing "Y".
-
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- EXPERIMENT WITH THE BASEFILE
-
- Feel free to use the sample basefile and explore the composition of the
- Bright and Gibbon families. Once you are well-versed in the operation of
- ROOTS/M, you can delete this file to free as much disk space as possible
- for your own family tree.
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- 10
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- CHAPTER III
- THE PEDIGREE CHART AND
- FAMILY GROUP SHEET
- WHAT TO TAKE ALONG
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- Besides discretion, imagination, perseverance and curiosity, a pair of
- genealogical tools should accompany you during your search. These tools-
- the pedigree chart and the family group sheet- serve as outlines, scratch
- pads, permanent records and guides all at the same time. Together they
- present the composition of a single family and the spread of that family
- over several generations. Filling out the pedigree chart and the family
- group sheets shows how far you need to go.
-
- The examples on pages 13 and 14 show what the ROOTS/M pedigree chart and
- family group sheets look like. Referring to the names in the sample base-
- file that accompanies the ROOTS/M distribution disk, envision Albert
- Bright, the diminutive inhabitant of Regencia, carrying these documents
- onto the battlefield to meet George Gibbon.
-
- The pedigree chart is the more familiar of the two forms. (The word,
- "pedigree", in spite of its high-society connotations, is derived from
- two Latin words, "ped", meaning "foot" and "grus", which means "crane".
- Lines showing descent in early genealogies looked like the foot of a
- crane.) Depending on the size of the paper and the printing, many gener-
- ations of ancestors can be shown on the same pedigree chart. The chart
- begins with a single person, in this case Albert Bright, and traces his
- family line back on both his parent's side. Arnold Bright was his father
- and Elizabeth Griffen, his mother. (Women are listed by their maiden
- names in genealogical charts.) Albert's grandparents- Sir Arthur Bright,
- Helen Cap, Harold Griffen and Sara Goode- appear in the next earlier
- generation. Their parents, Albert's great-grandparents, appear on the
- chart one step back. There is room on the chart for birth, marriage and
- death statistics and the place of residence at each event.
-
- Notice that for each individual in the fifth generation, there is a num-
- ber directing you to another pedigree chart. Each individual in the ped-
- igree is numbered- no. 1 for Albert, no. 2 for his father, Arnold, no. 3
- for his mother, Elizabeth. When the pedigree contains more than five gen-
- erations, more than one chart is needed to include all the names. The
- numbers are a referencing system that keeps track of a pedigree filling
- more than one page.
-
- The format of the printed pedigree chart will vary depending upon the
- printer you are using with ROOTS/M. In the upper right-hand cornor of a
- 72-character width printer, Alberts pedigree is labeled "Chart 1". The
- chart number will appear at the top of the page if you are using a 132
- character width printer. At the bottome of the page with the 72 character
- printer is the line, "No. 1 on this page is the same as person no.___
- on chart no.___ ". That line appears in the upper left with a 132 char_
- acter printer. Since this example is the first of perhaps many pages of
- a large pedigree, the line at the top is left blank. It is unnecessary
- to say, "No. 1 on this page is the same person no. 1 on chart no. 1".
-
- Should you wish to continue the pedigree chart, you could place Alistair
- Bright, no. 16 on this chart, in the no. 1 position of another chart.
- The code at the end of the line indicates that the next chart, with
- Alistair Bright in the no. 1 position, would be chart no. 2. The line at
- the bottom of chart no. 2 would read, "No. 1 on this page is the same
- person as person no. 16 on chart no. 1". Using the numbers as a reference
- 11
-
-
-
-
- you can work back and forth from chart to chart.
-
- The important rule to remember when using the two forms is be consistent.
- Be sure you can work from one to the other without encountering inexplic-
- able discrepancies. Make sure spellings match and that dates are entered
- in a consistent fashion.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
-
-
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-
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-
- 12
-
- Drake's ROOTS/M V1.04.01 PEDIGREE CHART Chart 1
-
- Archibald Bright
- ___________________________
- Sir Arthur Bright | 8 CONTINUED ON CHART 2
- __________________________________|
- | 4 BORN 1 FEB 830 | Gwendolyn Gibbon
- | * WHERE Regencia |___________________________
- | DIED 15 Nov 861 9 CONTINUED ON CHART 3
- | WHERE Oxland
- | MARRIED 6 Sep 847
- |
- Arnold Bright
- ______________________________
- | 2 BORN 16 May 848
- | * WHERE Regencia
- | DIED 15 Nov 880
- | WHERE Oxland
- | MARRIED 10 Jun 868 George Cap
- | ___________________________
- | |Helen Cap | 10 CONTINUED ON CHART 4
- | |__________________________________|
- | 5 BORN 8 May 832 |Marion Smith
- | WHERE Regencia |___________________________
- | DIED 17 Jul 857 11 CONTINUED ON CHART 5
- | WHERE Regencia
- |
- |
- Albert Bright
- ______________________________
- 1 BORN 3 Jan 870
- WHERE Regencia
- DIED
- WHERE
- MARRIED
- _____________________________
- NAME of HUSBAND OR WIFE George Griffin
- ___________________________
- | Harold Griffen | 12 CONTINUED ON CHART 6
- | __________________________________|
- | | 6 BORN 30 May 833 |Helen Randall
- | | * WHERE Regencia |___________________________
- | | DIED 23 Sep 853 13 CONTINUED ON CHART 7
- | | WHERE Regencia
- | | MARRIED 5 Jun 849
- | |
- |Elizabeth Griffin
- |______________________________
- 3 BORN 20 Feb 850
- WHERE Regencia
- DIED 18 Apr 885
- WHERE Regencia
- Jack Goode
- | ___________________________
- |Sara Goode | 14 CONTINUED ON CHART 8
- |__________________________________|
- 7 BORN 1 Jun 829 |Mary Belly
- WHERE Regencia |____________________________
- DIED 2 Jul 860 15 CONTINUED ON CHART 9
- WHERE Regencia
-
- No. 1 on this chart is the same person as no. on chart no.
- 13
-
-
-
- Drake's ROOTS/M V1.04.01 FAMILY GROUP SHEET
-
- HUSBAND: Albert Bright ____________________________________________
- BORN: 3 Jan 870 PLACE: Regencia
- MARR: PLACE:
- DIED: PLACE:
- FATHER: Arnold Bright *
- MOTHER: Elizabeth Griffen
- HUSBAND'S OTHER WIVES:
-
- WIFE: __________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- DIED: PLACE:
- FATHER:
- MOTHER:
- WIFE'S OTHER HUSBANDS:
-
- CHILDREN:
-
- 1. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 2. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 3. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 4. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 5. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 6. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 7. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 8. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 9. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
- 10. _______________________________________________________________
- BORN: PLACE:
- FIRST MARRIED: DIED:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 14
-
-
-
- CHAPTER IV
-
- WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
- BEFORE LOADING ROOTS/M
-
- ONWARD AND UPWARD WITH THE COMPUTER
-
- The search for ancestry will take you all over the map, yet, in however
- many directions you travel, you'll finally come back home, ready to add
- the results of each trip to a growing permanent record.
-
- Receiving the names of ancestors and information that identifies them,
- ROOTS/M will display your family tree in a number of ways. It will re-
- produce a pedigree chart on the video screen and printer for each
- individual on the tree; display the composition of every family; deter-
- mine the relationship between two members of the tree; and keep track
- of the anniversaries of births, deaths and marriages. All of its displays
- take advantage of the graphics capabilities of your terminal.
-
- The result of a successful search is a huge bank of data. ROOTS/M was
- written to preserve as much space as possible for names, dates, and
- places. Many of the individuals on your family tree will have the same
- last names. If you have two or more subjects with the same last name,
- the computer will store the name-string that those two ancestors have in
- common only once. For example, if your name is "Smith" and you have 86
- Smiths on your family tree, ROOTS/M only stores the name "Smith" once.
- For every other Smith in the program re-uses the one name-string, elim-
- inating the unnecesssary storage of 85 other "Smith" name-strings. In
- short, wherever it is possible to save space for more names, ROOTS/M
- does so.
-
- ROOTS/M will also print blank pedigree charts and family group sheets
- which you can use during your research or to send to other genealogist-
- members of your family. The program keeps track of the numbering system
- used to reference a pedigree chart that covers more than one page. You
- need not enter names with an identifying number- one of the convenient
- features of the program.
-
-
- PROGRAM STORAGE CAPACITY
-
- HOW TO NAME AND USE BASEFILES
-
- ROOTS/M packs the information you enter to increase the number of an-
- cestors you can include on your family tree. By being consistent in the
- way you spell and punctuate names and places, you can maintain the larg-
- est possible genealogical file. The amount of RAM in your computer and
- the configuration of your disk drives will determine the ultimate ceiling
- on the number of names you can store. The table on the next page summar-
- izes the approximate storage capacity for various systems.
-
-
- THE BASEFILE
-
- All the data you enter as members of your family tree are stored in a
- single file called the "basefile." When you load the program, this base-
- file, BASEFILE.BIN, is transferred from the disk into RAM where it stays
- while the program is running. If there is no basefile on any disk in your
- 15
-
-
-
-
- system, you can create one with the EDIT routine. Unless you specify
- otherwise, ROOTS/M will automatically name the file you create "BASEFILE
- .BIN". (You may also create files with any name you wish. The extension
- of the file will be assigned ".BIN", and so it is not necessary for you
- to assign your own extension. ROOTS/M only recognizes basefiles with the
- extension ".BIN". The procedure for opening more than one file to contain
- the genealogical data you enter is covered later on in this section.)
- When you are finished with your first editing session, the data you have
- entered will be stored on disk, either as BASEFILE.BIN or as (your file-
- name).BIN .
-
- In the next and all subsequent editing sessiona, you load BASEFILE.BIN
- from the disk into random access memory in the computer and enter more
- data. When you give the command to update the disk with the information
- you have just entered, the program renames the unedited file, BASEFILE.
- BAK or (your filename).BAK and leaves it on the disk otherwise unchanged.
- A new BASEFILE.BIN containing all the data that was on the file prior to
- the latest editing session plus the new data, is then placed on the disk.
- Each time you enter more data and update the disk, the old BASEFILE.BIN
- is renamed BASEFILE.BAK and stored as a back-up file in the unlikely
- event that you lose the contents of the file during an editing session.
- This also allows you to delete a new BASEFILE.BIN if you want to remove
- the changes made in the last editing session. You may recover the prev-
- ious data by renaming BASEFILE.BAK to BASEFILE.BIN using CP/M's
- "rename" command "REN".
-
- Every time you enter a new individual into the file, ROOTS/M creates a
- new record. Your first several records will consume more memory space
- than will later records because you are using some name- and place-
- strings for the first time. As you continue expanding the file, re-
- using some of the same name- and place- strings, each new record will
- consume smaller and smaller amounts of memory. Each new record and its
- accompanying identifying data uses an average of 30 bytes of memory.
- The number of names you can store will be limited by either the disk
- capacity or available RAM.
-
-
- ROOTS/M with a basefile requires at least 32K of RAM for operation, since
- the program alone and CP/M occupy a total of 16K. The table below lists
- the approximate number of records that can be stored by various systems;
- the figures may vary depending upon the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- and console driver size in your ROOTS/M system.
-
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- ROOTS/M RECORD CAPACITY
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- DISK SPACE
- NEEDED FOR APPROX. NO.
- SYSTEM RAM BASEFILE SIZE BASEFILE OF RECORDS
- 32K 16K 32K 500
- 40K 24K 48K 800
- 48K 32K 64K 1000
- 56K 40K 80K 1300
- 64K 48K 96K 1600
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- You will also need room for both the BASEFILE.BIN and BASEFILE.BAK on the
- disk, although they do not have to be on the same disk as ROOTS/M or CP/M
- 16
-
-
-
-
- The twelve files comprising ROOTS/M, not including the sample basefile,
- require about 32K of disk space. To support a system with 64K of RAM to
- maximum capacity, you need a disk capacity of 128K, not including CP/M
- itself. Single-density, single-sided, 5-1/4 inch, 40-track disks used,
- for instance, by Heath systems, are able to store 90,000 bytes of infor-
- mation, or 90K. The storage capacities of double-sided, double-density
- and eight-inch disks are correspondingly higher.
-
- LOCATING BASEFILES ON SEPARATE DISKS
-
- If you do not wish to include the basefile on the ROOTS/M disk, you may
- store a file with any name of your choosing on a disk in any drive of
- your choosing. You may also transfer basefiles from disk to disk using
- CP/M's Peripheral Interchange Program (PIP). Depending upon the location
- of the disk which you wish to use to store your basefile and the name of
- the basefile, the commands used to load ROOTS/M can vary.
-
- In the CP/M command mode a single-letter abbreviation for the drive
- location will appear beside the prompt once a disk has been booted.
- Normally, you can load ROOTS/M by typing the word, "ROOTS" and then
- RETURN in response to the prompt. As the program is loaded, the
- computer looks for a basefile named BASEFILE.BIN which contains your
- genealogical record. If it finds no file with the specified name on the
- specified drive, it will notify you:
-
- "No Basefile. Use EDIT to create one."
-
- When running ROOTS/M for the first time, and as you create a basefile
- using EDIT, the contents of that session will be filed in BASEFILE.BIN,
- and stored on the ROOTS/M disk in the drive designated by the letter
- beside the prompt.
-
- You may wish to open another basefile, not necessarily named BASEFILE.BIN
- and place it on a disk located in a separate drive. After typing "ROOTS"
- to load the program and before pressing RETURN, identify the desired
- drive with its single-letter designation followed by a colon and then
- the desired filename.
-
- For instance, with ROOTS/M in drive A, say you wish to create a file
- with the name, "SMITH.BIN", to contain an entire family line on the
- disk in drive C. In response to the prompt asking you to load ROOTS/M,
- type:
- " ROOTS C:SMITH "
-
- --OR--
-
- " ROOTS C:SMITH.BIN "
-
- This will load the program and cause the contents of the editing sessions
- to be placed in the file SMITH.BIN which will be located in drive C.
-
- Once SMITH.BIN is stored on a disk you may load it (or any other file)
- with the program by typing "ROOTS (Drive):(Filename)". That will give you
- access to the records contained in the particular file.
-
- If you only type the word "ROOTS" to load the program, the program will
- search the default drive for the file with the name BASEFILE.BIN. If it
- does not find that file, it will create a BASEFILE.BIN on the default
- 17
-
-
-
-
- disk. Unless you specify a particular file, ROOTS/M will assume that
- you wish to work with BASEFILE.BIN.
-
- Being able to store files on more than one disk increases the program's
- flexibility by allowing you to create seperate files for seperate family
- lines or split a database across several disks if the space is limited.
- Each time ROOTS/M is loaded, the basefile you have chosen to use is load-
- ed into the computer's RAM. The program is able to display information
- from the basefile quickly, because that basefile is stored in RAM. It
- does not have to take the time to search disks. This means, however,
- that ROOTS/M cannot cross-reference between basefiles that are located
- on seperate disks or between basefiles with different names stored on
- the same disk. At one time, the program can use information stored only
- in one basefile.
-
-
- DELETING NON-ESSENTIAL FILES
-
- At this point, ROOTS/M is ready to run. As your basefile grows there are
- a few more changes you can make to increase the amount of storage space
- on the disk. This applies primarily to those who use disks with a capa-
- city of less than 128K, or those who plan to fill more than one basefile
- on a single disk.
-
- Since the program is designed to hold as many names as possible in the
- file, anything you can do to assist in that direction will help. You
- can increase the amount of storage space by eliminating any unnecessary
- system programs. Use the "DIR" command to find out what is included on
- the disk. If you are not sure which you will need, leave them alone for
- now. As you work with ROOTS/M, you'll discover which routines will be
- necessary, and then you can erase the excess files.
-
- The disk directory can be examined when in the CP/M command mode. When
- in that mode all CP/M utilities can be used to examine, copy, and delete
- files. Some candidates for deletion are: unused console drivers;INSTRT.COM
- ;unused CP/M utilities such as ASM.COM; the error display utility;
- ERRORMSG.COM; and the sample database, BRIGHT.BIN.
-
-
-
- CHAPTER V
-
- GETTING STARTED
-
-
- Before using ROOTS/M make sure your equipment is in working order and
- that you have all that you need to run the program. Make sure all units
- are connected properly and that the terminal and printer are "on line".
-
-
- A WORD ON THE CARE OF THE DISK
-
- You can't be too careful with floppy disks. Each is made of fragile
- plastic material, much like that used for tape recorders, coated with
- magnetic oxide and encased in a cover slip. They are quite sensitive
- to temperature, humidity, touch, and especially magnetic sources, such
- as television sets. Keep the disks away from magnetic fields, and store
- them is a safe place. If you ever want to write on the disk cover, use
- 18
-
-
-
-
- a soft-tipped pen to avoid damaging the disk inside. Never turn a disk
- drive on or off while there is a disk inside. Turn the power on first;
- insert the disk. Remove the disk; then turn the power off. To guard
- against accidential loss of valuable data stored on a disk, make copies
- of all important material.
-
-
- MAKE A COPY OF THE DISTRIBUTION DISK
-
- Use the appropriate CP/M procedure to make a copy of the distribution
- disk. Use the working copy of ROOTS/M and store the distribution disk
- in a safe place.
-
- For example, in a two-drive system use the CP/M command:
-
- PIP A:=B:*.*[V]
-
- to copy the contents of the distribution disk in drive B to drive A.
-
-
- TRANSFER THE CONSOLE DRIVER
-
- ROOTS/M is supplied with console drivers for many popular CRT terminals.
- The program recognizes only console drivers named "COD.NRM", so you must
- be sure that your terminal is named or renamed COD.NRM before proceeding.
-
- Use the insert in the front pocket of the manual to find the name of the
- console driver that applies to your terminal. The NOTES column of the
- table lists switch settings which must be made in the terminal you have
- selected for use with ROOTS/M. The switch selections are generally hard-
- ware or firmware options within the terminal that enable certain terminal
- features such as full duplex operation.
-
- Use the CP/M REName command if necessary to make sure your terminal's
- console driver is named COD.NRM. Assuming the ROOTS/M disk is in drive
- A, the format for this command is:
-
- A>REN COD.NRM=(your console driver).NRM
-
-
- HOW TO LOAD ROOTS/M
-
- ROOTS/M is loaded from the CP/M command mode by typing "ROOTS" and the
- name of the basefile which contains the genealogical records you wish to
- use during that session with the program. The ROOTS/M distribution disk
- is supplied with a sample basefile named "BRIGHT.BIN" , and to load
- ROOTS/M with that file you would type, "ROOTS BRIGHT.BIN" or simply,
- "ROOTS BRIGHT" .
-
- You may create a basefile with any name you like when you load ROOTS/M.
- To create a basefile from the CP/M command mode, type "ROOTS (filename)"
- and press RETURN.
-
- The program will respond by asking you to supply the date. A number of
- routines in ROOTS/M use the date to calculate ages. If you wish to omit
- the date, you may press RETURN instead of entering a date. Once you have
- specified a date or pressed RETURN, the ROOTS/M MENU will appear.
-
- 19
-
-
-
-
- If ROOTS/M is located on a drive other than drive A, be sure to specify
- that drive as the "default" drive before calling ROOTS/M. If using drive
- B to load a basefile from drive C, for example, use this format:
-
- A>B:
-
- B>ROOTS C:BASEFILE
-
-
- ERROR MESSAGES
-
- If the file ERRORMSG.OVL is on the disk, the errors listed below will be
- displayed automatically if an error is detected by the operating system.
- Otherwise, use this table to interpret ROOTS/M errors.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- CODE DESCRIPTION ACTION
- 1 Not Enough Memory More system RAM required
- 2 File Read Error Replace corrupt file from backup
- 3 Basefile Corrupt Same as 2
- 4 Stack Error Restart program
- 5 Directory Full Transfer files to another disk
- 6 Overlay Too Long Custom DATMOD.OVL too long
- 7 No Free Space on the Media Same as 5
- 8 Can't Close File Reload program
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
- MENU
-
- After you have supplied or chosen to omit the date, first to appear on
- the screen is the MENU which serves as a table of contents and as a door
- into each of the seperate sections of the program. ROOTS/M consists of
- nine routines: INSTRUCTIONS, LIST, FAMILY, TRACE, PRINT, RELATIONSHIP,
- ANNIVERSARY, EDIT and then an EXIT routine. Each one of these will be
- explained individually.
-
-
- THE CURSOR
-
- The cursor, which will first appear on the left-hand side of the
- INSTRUCTIONS line, is moved up and down the MENU with the terminal's
- cursor control keys. The HOME key moves the cursor alternately to the
- top and bottom of the MENU.
-
- You select any one of the nime routines by placing the cursor next to
- the name of the one desired and pressing RETURN.
-
- THE PROGRAM CONTROL KEYS
-
- Just below the MENU is a line of designations that corresponds to various
- keys on the keyboard that control the operation of ROOTS/M. These keys
- and their functions are placed in the designation line when the are
- active.
-
- With the MENU on the screen, the designation "S=swap" appears in the
- designation line to show that the "S" key is active. Other legends that
- 20
-
-
-
-
- appear during the course of the program are shown in the table below.
- The RETURN and certain other keys are called for occasionally.
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- PROGRAM CONTROL KEYS
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- KEY | DESIGNATION | DESCRIPTION
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- S | SWAP |Exchanges f-table row f1-f5 with f6-f10 to enable
- | |you to view all ten entries.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- \ | MENU |Pressing this key returns you to the main MENU to
- | |enable you to make another selection.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Y,N | YES, NO |Used in response to specific queries at various
- | |points in the program.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- F,R | FORWARD, |Used in INSTRUCTIONS, LIST and ANNIVERSARY to page
- | REVERSE |backward and forward between multiple pages in the
- | |routine. Used in FAMILY to move forward and back-
- | |ward from one generation to another.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- THE FETCH-TABLE
-
- Perhaps THE most important feature of the program is the f-table, a data-
- field linked to the ten numeric keys on the keyboard. The f-table, which
- is a holding tank for individuals pulled from the basefile, does not
- appear on the screen when the program is first called up. It can be
- thought of as a small file which appears on the screen that allows you
- to sequester members of the family tree whom you wish to use while
- running ROOTS/M. The f-table is valuable because its contents do not
- change as you move from one routine to another.
-
- The table will accommodate the names of ten menbers of the family tree.
- Although only five names appear at a time on the screen, pressing the
- "S" key flips the table back and forth between the first and second
- five names when it is active. You can enter a name into the f-table
- by placing the cursor next to a name and pressing a numeric key when
- in the LIST, FAMILY, TRACE, or ANNIVERSARY routines.
-
- With the LIST routine, for instance, you can get a listing of all or a
- portion of the basefile. When you have such a listing, you may place
- the cursor next to a name that appears and press one of the numeric
- keys. The name selected will then appear in the table on the line that
- corresponds to the key pressed. The designation line includes a space
- for the ten numerals when each is activated by the program. Once you
- have entered an individual's name into the f-table during the running
- of one routine, you can leave that routine and return to the MENU with
- the contents of the f-table intact.
-
- Once the table is filled, you can continue to add names using numeric
- keys, replacing an individual with a new name. The new name will be
- painted over the old.
-
-
-
- 21
-
-
-
-
- INSTRUCTIONS
-
- Place the cursor on the INSTRUCTIONS line and press RETURN for a brief
- overview of ROOTS/M.
-
- The first page of instructions will appear. Notice that the designations
- for the program control keys: "F=forward" ; "\=menu". The MENU key will
- always return you to the MENU, either with one or two presses depending
- upon where you are in a routine. This designation remains on the screen
- at all times when you are anywhere but the MENU.
-
- THE FORWARD and REVERSE KEYS
-
- These keys allow you to view the contents of a file that is too long to
- be contained on the screen. You can "page" back and forth through a long
- listing using the two keys. If you are on the first page of a display,
- you cannot move backwards, and therefore the "R=reverse" is not present
- and the "R" key will not function. When you page forward once, the
- REVERSE key will become functional to allow you to move backwards to the
- previous page.
-
- Move through the instructions using the FORWARD and REVERSE keys to get
- an overview of the program and familiarize yourself with the program
- control keys.
-
- NOTE
-
- You may eliminate the instruction file from the disk once you have
- become familiar with ROOTS/M. If you need the disk space, use the
- command:
-
- ERA INSTRT.OVL
-
- when in the CP/M command mode.
-
-
-
-
-
- CHAPTER VI
-
- THE PROGRAM CONTENTS
-
- EDIT
-
- EDIT allows you to build a basefile by creating a seperate "record" for
- each individual that is part of your genealogical history. (You may also
- modify the contents of each record that has been created and stored in
- the basefile.) The basefile, therefore, is a collection of records, each
- of which contains information about a particular individual. Two indivi-
- duals do not have to be related necessarily to be part of the basefile.
- Many of ROOTS/M's functions, however are based on the relationship
- between individuals that is established during the EDIT session.
-
- Each record contains a variety of spaces -or fields- for personal data
- that are filled during EDIT. The fields are filled in two ways: some
- fields -the Name and Date fields, for instance- are filled by typing
- in the appropriate information from the keyboard; other fields -the
- 22
-
-
-
-
- Parents and Spouse fields, for instance- are filled by pressing numeric
- keys that correspond to individuals who are in the f-table.
-
- ROOTS/M uses the fields that are filled from the f-table to establish
- the relationship between individuals -or records- as you enter them into
- the basefile. The connection between parrents and children -the one that
- establishes the succession of generations -is made when you fill the
- Parents field. The connection between spouses is made when you dill the
- Spouse field or supply the date of marriage.
-
- Since ROOTS/M relies on the f-table during EDIT to make connections be-
- tween individuals in the basefile, some care should be taken when filling
- the Parents and Spouse fields and the date of marriage. Incorrect infor-
- mation in the Parents field, for instance, will prevent other ROOTS/M
- routines from recognizing the relationship between a parent and off-
- spring. That mistake will constitute a "break" in the family line and
- subsequent generations will not be shown as related to generations prior
- to the break. You may always correct a mistake in a record by deleting
- the incorrect information and re-entering correct information. Any
- inadvertant break will disappear.
-
- In all cases any incorrect information that is contained in a record
- may be deleted and replaced with correct information. The procedure for
- creating new records and modifying existing records is covered in this
- section of the manual.
-
-
- SELECTING EDIT
-
- When the MENU appears and there is no basefile on the disk, a message at
- the bottom of the screen will say, "No Basefile- Use EDIT to create one."
- (The distribution disk contains a sample basefile which may be erased
- from your working disk space before you start to build your own base-
- file.)
-
- Place the cursor on the EDIT line and press the RETURN key. Appearing
- then will be the empty record field which you place the names of your
- ancestors. The blank f-table appears at the bottom of the screen.
-
-
- THE RECORD FIELD
-
- You enter each new member of the family tree into this field, creating
- a new record for each individual. There is room in the field for a
- name, a sex, birth, marriage and death dates and places, parents and
- as many as four spouses. Names of the spouses and parents are entered
- from the f-table. All other data are entered from the keyboard.
-
- There is also a place to attach a "flag" to any individual. You may
- wish, for instance, to keep track of relatives who are also working
- on the family tree. Attaching a flag to an individual simply places
- an asterisk next to his or her name when it appears elsewhere in the
- program. The flag can mean anything you want. That's up to you.
-
-
- CURSOR MOVEMENT
-
- The TAB key moves the cursor in single jumps from one entry field to
- 23
-
-
-
-
- the next. (If your terminal does not have a TAB key, use Control-I by
- pressing the Control and I keys simultaneously. Refer to the instruction
- manual for the terminal if necessary.) The HOME key will always bring
- the cursor back to the beginning of the Name line. The cursor control
- keys will also move the cursor one space at a time or from one line to
- the next.
-
-
- CORRECTING ERRORS IN A RECORD
-
- The contents of any record can be changed at any time during the run-
- ning of ROOTS/M. Errors made when entering text can be corrected with
- the BACKSPACE key if your terminal has such a key. On some terminals,
- however, the backspace key is same as the left-arrow key. A potential
- conflict, therefore, arises during EDIT when you wish to backspace with
- out deleting any characters. If your terminal has neither a unique
- backspace nor left-arrow key, you may use Control-B to backspace with
- out deleting characters. Refer to the insert in the front of the manual
- pocket for questions about ROOTS/M operation with a variety of terminals.
-
- To erase the contents of the Name or Place fields, you may use the DELETE
- key (labeled "RUBOUT" on some terminals). To delete the names of parents
- or spouses, you may press the letter "N" in response to the prompt from
- the program.
-
-
- REGISTERING DOUBT ABOUT A DATE and "DOUBLE DATING"
-
- Notice that after the spaces for birth, death and marriage dates, you
- have the option, if you are not sure of the exact date, to make that
- fact a part of the record. If you are unsure of any date, answer "NO"
- to the question "Are you sure?" by placing an "N" in the space. This
- causes a "(?)" to appear after the date in the TRACE routine and on
- the printed sheets. If you subsequently verify a date, you may eliminate
- the doubt by changing the answer to the "Sure?" question from a "N" to
- a "Y".
-
- If you are sure of the date, the default response to the question is
- "Yes", and you can tab over the question.
-
- When you encounter "double dates" it is best to make a decision to use
- either the earlier or later date. It is advisable to use the later, or
- Gregorian calendar, because several of the routines in ROOTS/M make this
- assumption when computing the number of years since an event.
-
-
- VERSION NUMBER and MEMORY COUNT
-
- In the upper-left hand corner of the screen, a version number of the
- EDIT routine appears. As with the version number for the entire ROOTS/M
- program, any inquiries about the function of the EDIT section should
- include this number.
-
- At the upper-right in the field is the number of the record currently
- on the screen. Since record numbers are assigned in the order you enter
- individuals into the file, this number gives you a rough estimate of
- how long that record has been in the file relative to other records.
- You may also use the number to index documentation files if you wish.
- 24
-
-
-
-
- Midway down the screen a line keeps track of total number of records
- you have used, the amount of space that those records occupy and the
- amount of space left in the basefile.
-
-
- THE FETCH TABLE
-
- At the bottom of the screen the f-table appears for the first time. The
- table will be blank at the outset of each editing session if you have
- not filled it with names using one of the other routines.
-
-
-
- CREATING NEW RECORDS
-
- BEGIN WITH AN OUTLINE
-
- Always begin each editing session with an outline that includes the
- names of and pertinent information about each ancestor that you wish
- to add to the file. The best outline to work from is either a pedigree
- chart or the family group sheet.
-
- If this is the first editing session with ROOTS/M, it will help to have
- a pedigree chart that includes at least three generations. In order to
- see the complete operation of EDIT, you will wat to enter parents and
- children of more than one generation. The demonstration here in the
- manual will cover the entry of your maternal and paternal grandparents,
- your parents and then you.
-
-
- *************************************************************************
- Paternal Grandfather
- --------------------
- |
- |
- Father |
- ----------------------|
- | |
- | | Paternal Grandmother
- | -----------------------
- Self |
- ---------------------------| Patermal Grandfather
- | ----------------------
- | |
- | |
- | Mother |
- |---------------------|
- |
- |
- | Paternal Grandmother
- -----------------------
-
- THREE GENERATION PEDIGREE CHART
- *************************************************************************
-
- START WITH THE OLDEST MEMBERS OF THE TREE
-
- The editing sessions are easiest if you start by entering the oldest
- 25
-
-
-
-
- individuals on the pedigree chart. The reason for this will become clear
- as you become familiar with the routine. The parents field has to be
- filled from the f-table using numeric keys. The parents have to be in
- the f-table before they can be pulled from it into the records of their
- offspring. Therefore, the parents have to go in first. Move from the
- earliest generations toward the latest. That way you proceed consistently
- from parents to children, who are then parents themselves to the children
- of the next generation.
-
- For fastest entry of records keep the following sequence in mind when
- entering a family.
-
- 1. Place the oldest pair of parents in the family you are entering
- during a session into the f-table first.
-
- 2. Create a record for all known offspring of those parents starting
- with the first born, whether or not you intend to refer to those
- individuals again during the session.
-
- 3. Place in the f-table only the offspring that you wish to refer
- to later in the session.
-
- At the beginning of each EDIT process when there are names in the
- f-table already, the computer will ask:
-
- "You may create a NEW record(press "Y") or alter
- one from the f-table."
-
- When there are no names in the f-table (there will be none if this is
- the first occasion to use EDIT), the cursor will appear in the Name
- field and you may begin entering the first name.
-
-
- ENTERING THE NAME
-
- Start, then, with your paternal grandparents. Enter the name of your
- grandfather. Spell his last name the way you will spell it consistently
- throughout the editing session. Since the program recognizes upper- and
- lower-case letters, as well as punctuation, you have a wide range of
- choices. If you are to take advantage, though, of the programs ability
- to store a name-string once and reuse it, you have to spell it the same
- way each time you enter it, not "GRANDFATHER" one time and "Grandfather"
- the next. Spelling the name differently will not affect the function of
- any part of the program, but it will consume more memory than necessary.
-
- Each record has room for a name up to 60-characters long, and it will
- accept a sequence of as many as five separate name-strings for each
- individual. A string of letters bounded by a space on either side
- constitutes a name; titles like "Sir" or "Jr." or "Esq." are counted
- as single names. (Note: Do not place a comma between a surname and a
- "Jr." or "Sir" that might follow it. The program will allow you to do
- this, but it will treat the comma as a part of the name-string. If you
- place a comma after a name with a space following it, the name-string
- may be stored twice- once with the comma and once without it.)
-
- No one name can be longer than 16 letters. If you try to enter more than
- 16 letters for one name or more than five names in the field, the com-
- puter will notify you that you have exceeded the limit.
- 26
-
-
-
-
- Many genealogists prefer to use all capital letters for a surname.
- Although the practice is up to you, this may waste storage space if
- the name-string is used with both upper- and lower-case as in, for
- instance, a middle name.
-
-
- DATE OF BIRTH
-
- Use the TAB key to move to the next line and the space marked "Born".
- Use a "0" in the first place of the year field for birth dates before
- 1000 A.D. Use the space bar to bypass an unused number in a single-
- digit date.
-
- If you know the entire birth date, fill in the blanks in the order
- designated- month-day-year. (The program will complete the abbreviations
- of some months for you after you type one or more letters. The month
- February, for instance, is the only month that begins with "F", and
- once you type "F", the computer will supply the "eb".)
-
- If you only know the year or the month and year but not the day of birth,
- you may enter those combinations.
-
- If you do not know your grandfather's date of birth, you may skip this
- space and his name will be included in the file and appear in other
- routines of the program with a date of birth designated "unknown" or
- "??".
-
- The cursor will automatically move to the space marked "Sure?". Register
- some doubt if there is any by placing an "N" there.
-
-
- PLACE OF BIRTH
-
- There are two fields to the right of the "Where" request. You may enter
- as many letters as will fit in the allocated space- cities, counties,
- states, countries. Note that the right-hand field is the longer of the
- two. Place names are displayed in their entirety in the TRACE routine
- and on the printed family group sheets. But, space permits the display
- of only one field on the pedigree chart; if both fields are filled, the
- right-hand field only will be printed on the chart.
-
- To conserve memory space, try to use only the right-hand field where
- possible. Abbreviate place-names as you wish. If you wish to record
- counties, you will probably want to use the left-hand field for the
- city or town and the right-hand field for the county, state, or country.
- This will cause the entire place- city, county, state and country- to
- be printed out on the family group sheet, and only county and state or
- country to be printed on the pedigree chart.
-
- ROOTS/M stores place-names the same way that it does the names of
- individuals. If the name of a place is used more than once, the program
- stores the string only once and reuses it in all other references to
- that place. It is possible to add place-names, in some cases, and not
- consume more memory space.
-
-
-
-
- 27
-
-
-
-
- SEX
-
- Since the default in the field marked "Sex" is male, you need only enter
- an "F" for females.
-
-
- BIRTHDATES EARLIER THAN 1860
-
- When the birthdate is earlier than 1860, the program will assume the
- subject is dead and place an "N" after the question "Still Living?".
- If the subject was born after 1860, or no birthdate is entered, the
- default is "Y".
-
-
- FLAG
-
- If you wish to specially designate your grandfather for any reason, you
- may attach a flag, or asterisk, to his name by placing a "Y" in the
- space.
-
-
- DATE OF DEATH
-
- If your grandfather is no longer alive, enter the date of his death in
- the same manner as you did his birthdate. Verify or register doubt about
- the date by typing "N". If he is alive, leave the space for a date blank.
- Press the TAB key to move to the "Sure?" space. If you are sure he is
- alive, press the TAB key to default, which is "Y".
-
-
- PLACE OF DEATH
-
- If your grandfather is still living- without a place of death -you may
- enter his place of residence in the "Where" field.
-
-
- FINISHING THE RECORD
-
- At this point, when there are no names in the f-table, the cursor will
- not move down to the lines marked "Father" and "Mother". Parents must
- be entered into these fields from the f-table. When there are no names
- in the f-table, you can proceed no futher with the record.
-
- Your grandfather's record, therefore, is filled out as completely as
- possible thusfar. To complete the record, return the cursor to the
- beginning of the Name line using the HOME key. Check to make sure
- you have entered all the information that you can, then press RETURN.
-
- The computer will state:
-
- "You may now place this new record in the f-table (or
- press "N")."
-
- Since you are working from the earliest to latest generation in the
- pedigree, you will want to place your paternal grandfather into the
- f-table so he can be used in the Spouse field of his wife and the
- Father field of his son, your father. The numeric f-table designations
- on the screen will be active for the first time. Choose one of the
- 28
-
-
-
-
- corresponding keys and press it.
-
- You will normally press the "N" key when you do not plan to refer again
- to an individual during the editing session. If you did not want to
- place the record in the f-table, you could have pressed the "N" key.
- The computer would have saved the record in RAM without placing it in
- the f-table.
-
- Whether you placed your grandfather's name in the f-table or chose not
- to, the computer will ask:
-
- "Do you want to update the disk?"
-
- Answering by pressing the "Y" key will write the contents of the editing
- session onto the disk, and return you to the MENU. Normally, you want to
- update the disk at the end of an editing session. Here, there are more
- names to enter, so you should press the "N" key.
-
-
- ENTERING THE SECOND RECORD
-
- Once you have decided not to update the disk, the computer will ask:
-
- "You may wish to create a NEW record (press "Y") or alter
- one from the table."
-
- To continue entering records, press "Y" key. (You could also pull a name
- up from the f-table to alter information in the record by pressing the
- appropriate numeric key.)
-
- Enter the name of your paternal grandmother in the same way you did your
- grandfather.
-
-
- THE PARENTS FIELDS
-
- After completing the place of death or resident field, the cursor will
- move down to the parents field now because the f-table is not empty.
- The computer will state:
-
- "You may now (re)select parents from the f-table
- (Press "N" to delete)."
-
- The names of parents and spouses must be entered from the f-table. There
- are two spaces in the Parents field, one for a subject's mother and one
- for that person's father. ROOTS/M automatically recognizes the sex of
- individuals in the f-table; when you press a numeric key to place one
- of the two parents into the Parents field, ROOTS/M will automatically
- put the male parent in the space for Father and female parent in the
- place for Mother. You do not have to use the cursor to move from one
- space to the next. In fact, the cursor will not move between the spaces
- in the Parents field. You enter the contents of the fields using the
- numeric keys that correspond to lines in the f-table. If you are mod-
- ifying a record and want to change the identities of one or both of
- the parents, just press the appropriate numeric key to enter the correct
- parents. If you enter a parent record accidentally, and the identities
- of the parents are unknown, use the "N" key to remove both parents
- from the current record.
- 29
-
-
-
-
- Since your grandmother's parents are not in the f-table, use the cursor
- to move to the marriage field.
-
-
- THE SPOUSE FIELD
-
- When entering marriage records, it is important that you do not enter a
- date of marriage without a spouse if you intend to create a new record
- for that spouse later. When both partners of a marriage are known, enter
- the marriage date only after defining the second partner. In other words,
- enter a date of marriage only when you can place the spouse in the
- Spouse field by pressing a numeric key, moving him or her up from the
- f-table.
-
- You must be somewhat careful when you enter marriage records, because
- you can indicate the existence of a marriage in more than one way:
- ROOTS/M considers the entry of a marriage date as confirmation that
- a marriage has occured; it also considers the entry of a spouse's name
- as confirmation that a marriage has occured.
-
- For example, if you were to create a record for your father and in the
- marriage field, supply only a date of marriage -not the name of your
- mother- ROOTS/M will confirm that a marriage has occured on that date.
- After placing your father's record in the f-table, suppose you continue
- to create a record for your mother. When you reach her marriage field,
- you may enter your father from the f-table and also supply the date.
- This establishes that your mother was married to your father, and it
- links the two by marriage for use in other ROOTS/M routines. The refer-
- ence to your father in your mother's marriage field, though, causes
- ROOTS/M to consider that as your fathers second marriage; his first
- marriage was established when you entered only a date. The program
- does not compare the two dates of marriage to see if they are the same,
- and therefore, cannot know that only one marriage occurred.
-
- You can avoid ambiguities by being sure that you never enter a marrage
- date by itself. You can enter a spouse without a date of marriage and
- register doubt about the date by placing an "N" in response to the
- "Sure?" question. Marriage files are optional and should only be used
- when you wish to record either the name of the spouse or that the
- marriage actually took place. They are not needed to verify that a
- spouse existed to construct a family tree.
-
- If, by accident, you do create an extra marriage for an individual by
- entering a marriage date without a spouse, you can delete the contents
- in the spouse fields for that individual and start all over again on
- that part of the record. Enter the date this time only when you can
- enter the name of the spouse from the f-table. Make sure that all off-
- spring of the marriage show both parents in the parents field. Update
- the disk, and the basefile will be corrected to reflect the changes.
-
-
- DATE AND PLACE OF MARRIAGE
-
- Since your grandfather appears in the f-table, proceed to enter your
- paternal grandparents' date of marriage. Register doubt if you have
- any. Record the place of their marriage.
-
-
- 30
-
-
-
-
- Then, with the cursor in the Spouse field, the computer will state:
-
- "You may now (re)select spouse from the f-table
- (press "N" to delete)."
-
- Press the numeric key that corresponds to the line in the f-table that
- contains your grandfather's name.
-
- The cursor will move to the next line to allow you to enter the name
- of other spouses. You may enter as many as four marriages. After you
- have completed the marriage record, press the HOME key, returning you
- to the Name field. Press RETURN.
-
- Place your paternal grandmother in the f-table with her husband, since
- they will both be needed as parents for your father.
-
-
- FINISHING THE GENERATION
-
- When the computer asks if you wish to create a new record, press "Y"
- and continue. Proceed to enter your maternal grandparents in the same
- fashion as you did your paternal, and place them in the f-table.
-
- In the f-table should appear the names of your four grandparents.
-
-
- THE NEXT GENERATION
-
- Move to the next generation, that of your parents. Complete the top
- half of your father's record, which should bring the cursor into the
- Parents field. Enter your paternal grandparents from the f-table using
- the numeric keys. Place your father in the f-table when his parents
- have been entered.
-
- Create a new record for your mother. Enter her parents, your maternal
- grandparents, from the f-table. Enter a marriage date and place and
- then your father's name from the f-table. When her record is complete,
- place her in the f-table, replacing one of the names that appears, or
- press "S" and enter her name on a blank line of the table.
-
-
- ENTERING THE THIRD GENERATION
-
- Finally, the editing session reaches you. Both of your parents are in
- the f-table, and it should be clear by now how to fill in your record.
- The only data lacking on the pedigree chart is the name of your spouse
- if you have one.
-
-
- ENTERING ALL CHILDREN IN A FAMILY
-
- Once your record is complete, you might want to create records for all
- your bothers and sisters if you have them. In fact, it is a good idea
- to enter siblings of an individual who is part of your family tree,
- even though those siblings are not your direct ancestors. Enter them
- at the same time along with your ancestors; their parents will already
- be in the f-table. You will not want to put all siblings into the f-
- table unless you plan to follow-up with their children later on in the
- 31
-
-
-
-
- editing session.
-
-
- ENTERING SIBLINGS IN ORDER, OLDEST TO YOUNGEST
-
- When adding children from a family group sheet, for instance, the best
- way to enter them is in order of birth, from the oldest to youngest.
- When the birthdates of all the offspring are known, the computer will
- keep track of them in order of oldest to youngest. When none of the
- birthdates are known, the computer will list them in other ROOTS/M
- routines in the order that they are entered during the editing session.
- So, if you know the order of birth of children in a family, but not
- the birthdates, enter them oldest to youngest.
-
-
- ENDING THE EDITING SESSION
-
- When all the member of the three-generation pedigree chart have been
- entered, you are ready to place them onto the disk. After entering
- the last individual into either the f-table or RAM, the computer asks:
-
- " Do you want to update the disk? "
-
- Answering "N" to this question, as you have discovered, allows you to
- remain in the EDIT routine. A "Y" answer will write the contents of
- the editing session onto the disk and return you to the MENU.
-
- If you wish to leave EDIT without updating the disk, you may always
- press the MENU key. If, perhaps, you make a series of mistakes and
- want to eliminate the entire session, you may do so at any time with
- the MENU key. Once that key is pressed, the computer will ask for
- verification with:
-
- " Are you sure? "
-
- An "N" answer will return you to EDIT. A "Y" will instruct the computer
- to delete the contents of the session. Appearing then will be the
- message:
-
- " Edit cancelled. BASEFILE.BIN reloaded. "
-
- This message confirms that the original BASEFILE.BIN contents have been
- restored in the computer's RAM. Nothing has affected the file stored on
- the disk. If you abandon an editing session this way, the computer will
- erase all ten f-table lines if you created any new records while in the
- EDIT routine.
-
- Anytime the computer prompts with " Are you sure? " and you are not
- sure, press "N", and you will have another chance to decide. Pressing
- the MENU key and then the "N" key in response to the "Sure?" question
- can be used to cancel the edit of the current record in the field. This
- returns you to the question:
-
- "You may wish to create a NEW record (press "Y") or alter
- one from the f-table."
-
- You can use this technique to view the contents of a single record
- without making any changes. After reviewing the contents of various
- 32
-
-
-
-
- records you may press the MENU key and then the "Y" key to return
- to the MENU with the f-table left intact.
-
-
-
- MAKING CHANGES
-
-
- MODIFYING RECORDS
-
- You may modify the contents of any record by deleting incorrect infor-
- mation and re-entering correct information. An individual whose record
- you wish to modify should appear in the f-table. When the computer asks
- if you wish to create a new record or alter an old one, press the numeric
- key that corresponds to the individual whose record you wish to modify.
- Make the changes and update the disk when asked if you wish to store
- the new information on the disk.
-
-
- DELETING RECORDS
-
- Once you enter a record into the file, that record occupies a certain
- amount of space for the life of the file. In other words, once a record
- has been created, it cannot be completely destroyed without eliminating
- the entire file. Even if you eliminate the contents of a record using
- the DELETE key, there will always be a trace of that record occupying
- space in the file. You can reclaim unwanted records by calling them
- from the f-table and changing all the data to that of a new individual.
- Once you have changed all the data in the record field, ROOTS/M will
- treat that record as if it were brand new.
-
-
-
-
- LIST
-
-
- LIST lets you look at all the names contained in the basefile. It is a
- good routine to select first (assuming you have a basefile) as a way
- of bringing into the f-table the names of individuals who you will want
- to use in other routines. Once a listing appears on the screen, you may
- place any name in the basefile into the f-table using the cursor and
- numeric keys.
-
-
- CHOOSING A NAME
-
- LIST calls up the entire file or any portion of it when you supply an
- identifying name-string. The computer will search every record for that
- name-string and then list those found. The smallest name-string entered
- is eligible as a reference -middle initials, titles like "Sir". As long
- as each identifying name-string has been entered separately during the
- editing process, it can be used to single-out an individual in the
- basefile.
-
-
-
-
- 33
-
-
-
-
- GETTING A COMPLETE LISTING OF THE BASEFILE
-
- If you wish to see a complete listing of the file, leave the name-string
- blank and press RETURN. If you call up a large listing and all the names
- will not fit on the screen, press " F " to view subsequent pages of
- listings.
-
- While viewing a listing, press the MENU key once which will return you
- to the first page of the LIST routine where you can type another name
- on the line. Pressing this key twice will return you to the main MENU.
-
-
-
- FAMILY
-
-
- The FAMILY routine allows you to look at any individual in the file, his
- or her spouses and the offspring of each marriage. Using the FORWARD and
- REVERSE keys it is possible to move forward and backward from generation
- to generation, staying with a single family line. At any point during
- the running of the routine, you may enter an individual that appears on
- the screen into the f-table using the numeric keys.
-
-
- SELECTING A FAMILY
-
- Before you select FAMILY from the MENU, there must be at least one name
- in the f-table, since the routine draws its subjects from that area.
- Once you have selected the FAMILY routine from the MENU, press the
- numeric key corresponding to the individual whose family you wish to
- see. That individual will appear at the top of the screen; his or her
- spouse will appear on the line below. Their children will appear on
- the lines following.
-
- FAMILY displays dates of birth and ages of living members of the family,
- the dates of death and the date of the marriage between the individual
- at the top of the list and his or her spouse. At the left-hand side of
- the page are symbols which describe the familial characteristics of the
- names that appear. One symbol identifies the subject of the display,
- another the spouse of the subject, and then next to the offspring are
- designations which identify the children who went on to have children
- of their own, those who have no issue in the basefile and those with-
- out issue but with marriage records in the file. A directory on the
- FAMILY menu identifies each of the symbols.
-
-
- MOVING FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION
-
- Using the FORWARD and REVERSE keys, you can view the composition of
- families in either previous or later generations. To do so, place
- the cursor next to the name of the individual whose family you would
- like to see on the screen, and press either the "F" or "R" key.
-
- Placing the cursor on the name of a spouse on the list and pressing
- the "F" key will display the composition of his or her family with
- him or her at the top. If he or she has had other marriages, all
- spouses and all children will appear on the screen.
-
- 34
-
-
-
-
- Placing the cursor on either the head of the family or the spouse and
- pressing the "R" key will display the composition of the family in
- which they were children.
-
- Placing the cursor on the line of a child and pressing the "F" key will
- result in a display of that individual as the head of his or her family,
- showing any spouses and offspring. Press the "R" key(without moving the
- cursor), and you will return to the previous display.
-
-
- ORDER IN WHICH CHILDREN WILL APPEAR
-
- In cases where the birthdates of the children are unavailable, offspring
- appear on the list in the order that they were entered in the editing
- process. When all the children are entered with birthdates, they are
- listed in order of oldest to youngest irrespective of the way they were
- entered into the file. In cases where some of the children were listed
- with a birthdate and some without, the program first lists the children
- without dates in the order thy were entered and then lists the remaining
- children with dates in the order of oldest to youngest.
-
-
- MAXIMUM SIZE OF FAMILY
-
- There is room on the screen to list a family with 23 members. In families
- larger than 18, the f-table will disappear from the screen to make room
- for a longer list. If the f-table has disappeared from the screen to make
- room for a long list, you may still place any individual into it by
- pressing a numeric key. Doing so wil cause the f-table to return with
- the individual selected displayed within it. Should you then wish to
- see the entire family list again, move the cursor to the top of the list
- and press the "F" key.
-
- Press the MENU key once to select another subject as family head and
- twice to return to MENU. (Note that the "family head" may be eithr male
- or female- you cam view a very large family with several spouses by
- listing spouses individually).
-
-
- TRACE
-
-
- This routine displays the pedigree chart of a selected individual. Once
- the chart appears on the screen, you may use the cursor to move about
- on it and place any name that appears into the f-table.
-
-
- SELLECTING AN INDIVIDUAL
-
- You will need at least one name in the f-table to enter the TRACE
- routine. Once the first page appears on the screen, you may select
- the individual who you wish to appear at the top of the chart from
- the f-table using a numeric key. For best results, select a relatively
- recent individual, as TRACE can extend itself to earlier but not later
- generations. That individual will appear at the top. Beneath the chart
- in a box appear that person's vital statistics. There is no marriage
- date included for the person on the top of the chart, since the spouse
- is not part of the pedigree.
- 35
-
-
-
-
- MOVING ABOUT ON THE CHART
-
- You may move the cursor to any point on the pedigree using three cursor
- control keys corresponding to left, right, and up. When the cursor lands
- on one of the ancestors, the name of that ancestor along with accompany-
- ing data will appear beneath the chart and the computer will ask:
-
- "Do you wish to display on him/her? (if so, press "Y")"
-
- An affirmative answer will recreate the chart with that individual at
- the top. Any one display can only accout for six generations. Choosing
- to display the pedigree of an individual in the earlest generation is
- the same as viewing a more distant portion of the original subject's
- pedigree. Notice that the numbers which appear at the edge of the screen
- indicating generations away from the original subject of the display
- have changed when you place a new name at the top. The numbers still
- refer to the number of generations away from the original subject.
- You may always return to the original subject of the pedigree by press-
- ing the HOME key twice. Pressing the HOME key once will send the cursor
- to the top of the chart.
-
- When an individual already in the f-table shows up in the pedigree, the
- number of the corresponding f-table line will appear in the space
- representing that ancestor. The f-table number will supersede the
- asterisk flag which will otherwise appear in the appropriate place.
-
- At any time you may place a name from the chart into the f-table. To
- reselect a subject for the display, press the MENU key once and then
- again if you wish to return to the main MENU.
-
-
-
- PRINT
-
-
- Print generates standard pedigree charts and family group sheets to aid
- you in your research. You may want to send these along with requests for
- information from relatives or archivists. The are also a good way to
- bring part of the computer's basefile along with you on research trips.
-
-
- ACCOMMODATING YOUR PRINTER
-
- The first time you use PRINT, you should make sure that the routine is
- set to operate with your printer. You should only have to set the printer
- attributes once as long as you do not change printers. Place the cursor
- on the line at the bottom of the screen that allows you to set printer
- options and press the "Y" key.
-
- The program allows you to specify printer type, vertical line characters,
- page length and pedigree chart page width. Use the up/down cursor control
- keys to move the cursor next to the printer parameters you wish to spec-
- ify and press the "Y" key to enter them in the program.
-
- Press the MENU key to return to the first page of PRINT and place the
- printer attributes onto the disk. Press "N" to return to the ROOTS/M
- MENU without placing the printer functions onto the disk.
-
- 36
-
-
-
-
- SELECTING A FORMAT
-
- To produce both the pedigree chart and the family group sheet you need
- to have the individual whose pedigree of family you wish to see in the
- f-table. You may also produce blank sheets by answering "Y" in response
- to the PRINT request.
-
- To print a pedigree chart, move the cursor to the pedigree designation
- on the PRINT menu and press either the appropriate numeric key or "Y"
- key. If you have opted for a 132-column printout, each sheet holds five
- generations(31 individuals). If your printer is limited to 72 or 80
- columns, or if you do not wish to use wide paper, the 72-column format
- holds four generations (15 individuals) on each sheet. In either case,
- the computer will continue the pedigree printout on as many sheets as
- are required to include all ancestors in the basefile, up to 255 sheets.
- If you wish to print only a portion or a pedigree, pressing the MENU
- key while the printer is running will stop the printout at the end of
- the page that is printing.
-
- Where an individual has many spouses, only the spouse who is an actual
- ancestor is included. On the printout of the pedigree, the main subject
- or the individual on line one , has a space designated for a spouse.
- Even if there is a record in the basefile for a spouse, that spouse's
- name will not appear there. In cases where a subject has had more than
- one spouse, the program will not distinguish between spouses and place
- one there and not others. Since the spouse of the main subject is not
- part of the pedigree, leaving the space blank does not affect the
- composition of the pedigree. You may specify a spouse if you wish,
- by writing in a name.
-
- The family group sheet is selected the same way as the pedigree charts,
- except that a 72-column format is used in all cases. You may specify
- either a man or a woman as the head of the family, but the husband will
- always appear at the top of the form. When the individual you select
- has had more than one spouse, ROOTS/M will print a seperate family group
- sheet for each spouse. All spouses, however, will be listed on each form.
-
- One other note. The print formats use almost all available lines on each
- form. If you are using a printer with fan fold paper, be sure to adjust
- the paper so that the first line is as close to the top of each sheet as
- possible. If you are using roll paper, ROOTS/M will measure each form
- length correctly, so you can cut the resulting pages to standard, 11-inch
- length. You will also be able to use a three hole punch on the pages
- without worrying about losing any text.
-
-
- RELATIONSHIP
-
-
- This routine determines the relationship between any two individuals who
- are located in the f-table. You will need to have at least two name in
- the f-table to use RELATIONSHIP.
-
-
- CHOOSING TWO INDIVIDUALS
-
- Select two names from the f-table by pressing the appropriate numeric
- keys, and the computer will list their relationship as long as it is
- 37
-
-
-
-
- within eight generations. The routine keeps track of blood relationships
- and not those by marriage.
-
- The routine will also list the common ancestors of the two individuals
- selected. Consult the figure here that illustrates how degree, a legal
- term used to describe consanguinity, is derived for various relation-
- ships. Essentially, "degree" is a measure of the number of steps you
- must make on this chart to move from one individual to another.
-
- If you wish to determine the relationship of two more individuals, press
- the appropriate numeric keys.
-
- Press the MENU key to leave RELATIONSHIP.
-
- III
- Great
- Grand
- Parent
- / \
- II Grand Grand
- Parent Uncle or IV
- / \ III Aunt
- I Parent Uncle \
- / \ II or 2nd
- * SELF Brother Aunt Cousin V
- / or \ IV \
- I Child Sister 1 st 2nd
- / \ Cousin Cousin VI
- II Grand III Nephew \ V Once
- Child or 1st Removed
- Niece Cousin \
- \ Once 2nd
- Grand Removed Cousin VII
- IV Nephew \ Twice
- or 1st VI Removed
- Niece Cousin
- Twice
- Removed
-
-
-
- ANNIVERSARY
-
-
- ANNIVERSARY displays all births, marriages and deaths that have occured
- on a specified date. It allows you to check to see if important anniver-
- saries are coming up or if you have just forgotten one.
-
-
- CHOOSING A DATE
-
- When you select the routine from the Menu, you will be asked to enter a
- date. The computer will then search the files for all records containing
- the date you have selected and place them on the screen. If you wish to
- find out if "today" is the anniversary of any vital event, just press
- RETURN without specifying a date. If you only specify only a month, the
- computer will search for dates entered with a month but not a day.
-
- 38
-
-
-
-
- On days when there are enough anniversaries to fill the screen, you may
- use the FORWARD and REVERRSE keys to page back and forth in the display.
- You may also walk forward into the future, checking for anniversaries on
- upcoming days, by pressing RETURN. Each RETURN will advance the date one
- day. At any time you may place an individual from the display into the
- f-table.
-
- To select a new date, press the MENU key once. Pressing it twice leaves
- the routine.
-
-
-
- EXIT
-
-
- On the MENU when wishing to leave ROOTS/M to return to CP/M, place the
- cursor on the EXIT line and press RETURN. The computer will ask you to
- verify:
-
- "Are you sure?" (Y,N)?"
-
- If you do wish to exit, press the "Y"; if not, "N", which returns you to
- the MENU.
-
- After you leave ROOTS/M through EXIT, the computer will be in the CP/M
- command mode. The CP/M prompt will appear on the screen preceded by the
- online drive designation. At thie point all the CP/M commands can be
- used. Files can be examined, copied, renamed and erased. Make certain
- that you have a backup copy of ROOTS/M files before attempting to alter
- anything contained on the distribution disk.
-
-
- A FINAL NOTE
-
- The file you create while using ROOTS/M will become very large keeping
- up with a successful genealogical search. Since the entry of ancestors
- into the file takes a certain amount of time, a huge file represents a
- significant investment. To avoid losing the family tree contained in
- the file, periodically make a copy of the file, and save it on a sep-
- arate disk which can be stored in a secure place.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 39
-
-
-
-
- PROVIDING YOUR OWN DATE ROUTINE
-
- The ROOTS/M file named DATMOD.OVL contains an overlay module which pro-
- vides the date to the program as entered by the user. Experienced assem-
- bly language programmers may wish to incorporate their own date routines
- in ROOTS/M when an alternate source of the date is available, such as
- from a hardware clock. The following information is provided as a guide
- for those who may wish to incorporate a custom DATMOD.OVL in ROOTS/M.
-
- The ROOTS/M date module is loaded by the ROOTS loader just before trans-
- ferring control to RMS. The following rules must be observed if a custom
- date module is to be used:
-
- 1. The date module must be named " DATMOD.OVL ".
-
- 2. The module entry point is 103H.
-
- 3. The last instruction in the date module should be RETurn (C9H).
-
- 4. The module must not occupy more than 4K bytes of RAM.
-
- 5. The date module must use no more that 100 bytes of stack space.
-
- 6. When the module is called, the cursor will be at the start of the
- third line which is the normal location for the date module name and
- version number. You may supply your own module name on this line if
- you wish.
-
- 7. On entry the HL register pair will contain the address of the first
- of three bytes of data which hold the compacted date. Your custom
- module must write the current date into the three consecutive bytes
- in the following format:
- ((HL)) ((HL+1)) ((HL+2))
- YYYYYYYY MMMMMMMD DDDDOOOO
-
- The first byte contains the current year divided by 10, rounded
- down. For example, 1986 would be entered as the binary equivalent
- of 198.
-
- The 7 most significant bits of byte 2 contain the binary equivalent
- of the number of months that have elapsed since the base year desig-
- nated in byte 1. For example, January of 1980 would require that all
- of the "M" bits be zero, while July of 1986 would require that the
- binary equivalent of 78 be entered in the 7 most significant bits of
- byte 2.
-
- The day of the month is designated by the least significant bit of
- byte 2 and the 4 most significant bits of byte 2.
-
- July 9, 1982 would be entered as follows:
- ((HL)) ((HL+1)) ((HL+2))
- C6H 3CH 90H
-
- All three bytes should be zero for a null date.
-
- 8. If the DATMOD.OVL file is not included on the ROOTS/M disk, the
- program will not ask for a date and a null date will be assumed.
-
- 40
-
- M disk, the
- program will not ask for a date and a null date will be assumed.
-
-