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- CP/M Emulators for DOS
-
-
- I presumed you have read enough about OverDrive 486DXs (don't
- get pulled over), object-oriented neural net backpropagation algorithms,
- matchbox hard disks, and virtual reality. It's about ten years ago that
- a little group get together in Austin over some heavy steel boxes called
- Kaypro IIs. Let's talk about CP/M.
-
- No, my spinal column and most things that attach to it are still
- intact. I found some neat code (some manager told me programmers should
- use this term sparingly) which emulates CP/M under DOS. Why would any
- sane person still delve into CP/M? Perhaps it's like the thrill of
- discovering some fragments of the Dead Sea scrolls. Or you may just
- have the infrequent need to access some CP/M data that you or someone
- else might still be using.
-
- I have three very different CP/M emulators and I'll describe
- them briefly here. They are 22nice, zsim, and myz80. Each has its pros
- and cons and I hope my summary here can help you decide if any of them
- might be useful for you.
-
-
- 22nice is from SYDEX and is the oldest, out since 1989. $40 is
- asked for this shareware package. A companion package, 22disk, helps
- with the mundane task of file transfer between CP/M and DOS. It has
- utilities to transfer files either way, copy files, erase files, and
- format CP/M diskettes. It understands over 200 CP/M formats (could this
- be one of the reasons for CP/M's demise?) and I was pleasantly surprised
- when I plug in a onetime nemesis of CP/M drives, the quad density
- floppy, into a DOS 1.2 MB drive, and I can read and transfer files from
- this old disk!
-
- A very nice feature of 22nice is it can emulate either an 8080,
- a Z80, or even a V20. The V20 is an interesting chip. It is really an
- 8088 and 8080 in one. PCs using the V20 and 22nice can run CP/M in
- native mode! Alas! there are some bugs in the V20's emulation and 22nice
- will try to warn against these.
-
- The following are some key features from the 22nice manual:
-
- * Provides terminal emulation for most common CP/M machines with
- terminal types for Osborne, Kaypro, Heath/Zenith, Morrow,
- Actrix, DEC VT-100/VT-52, Televideo 925 and LSI ADM-3X.
-
- * Supports CP/M user number to DOS subdirectory translation.
-
- * Allows use of DOS "pipes" and utilities with CP/M programs.
-
- * Supports a complete set of BDOS and BIOS function interfaces,
- including direct disk read/write.
-
- * CP/M programs are fully integrated into the DOS environment; the
- user is unaware that a program is CP/M- or DOS-based.
-
- You can install 22nice in one of three ways -- as a device
- driver in config.sys, as a terminate-and-stay-resident program or as a
- regular program. For occasional use, I would recommend the last method.
-
- CP/M files are named with a .CPM extension. A utility called
- GENCOM creates a pre-loader. When this program is run , it then looks
- for the CP/M program of the same name and executes it. For example, I
- gencom'ed D.COM, my favorite CP/M superdirectory program, and it creates
- a D.COM for DOS which loads D.CPM and runs it. Let me tell you, it's an
- errie feeling running D.COM on DOS and see it display my DOS files in a
- DOS subdirectory.
-
-
- Zsim is by Jürgen Weber in Germany. He calls it "The hundred
- percent Z80 Emulator" and asks for $20, or $50 if you want the encrypted
- source which is included in the ZIP file. (When you send money, he'll
- send you the password to extract the files from the archive. Actually I
- think that's a fairly reasonable way of protection.) Jürgen mentioned
- that his emulation equates 1 Mhz of a Z80 to 10 Mhz of the DOS Landmark
- test. I've seen Landmark claims of 120 Mhz on some 486 systems. (Don't
- ask me what they smoked to get those numbers). So a 12 Mhz Z80? That
- boggles the mind. Is that like a Studebaker going 120 MPH on Mopac?
-
- Read his instructions before using. Here's an excerpt:
-
- "Be sure that you do not insert a MS-Dos disc when prompted for a
- CP/M disc. The CP/M bios would overwrite the MS-Dos disc without
- prompting. Also MS-Dos overwrites CP/M discs."
-
- The major disadvantage of this package is it requires the A
- drive to be set as a CP/M drive. This could be rather clumsy where the
- A drive is a 3.5 inch drive on a PC, such as the one I'm using now,
- which is actually Reed Stone's machine, and I have to butcher, er, I
- mean reconfigure his system to run these tests. As far as I know, no
- CP/M system supports a 3.5 inch drive. Also, it only knows about a few
- native CP/M disk formats and suggests using 22disk from SYDEX to use
- other formats.
-
- As the name implies, zsim emulates a Z80, and it requires a CP/M
- bootable disk in drive A to work. Perhaps to avoid legal entanglements?
- The most interesting feature is its creating a 640K CP/M virtual machine
- and a RAMdisk. For example, you can have a 400K ramdrive within the
- 640K CP/M system.
-
- Unfortunately I've forgotten enough about low-level CP/M details
- to find zsim interesting. The manual contains lots of assembly code
- fragments for illustration.
-
-
- MYZ80 is shareware written by Simeon Cran from the land of Oz
- (Australia) who also claims it's the best Z80 CP/M emulator in the
- world. Programmers are so modest. The latest version, 1.03, emulates
- the Z80/64180 processors and claims to be compatible with CP/M 2.2, CP/M
- 3.0, and also ZCPR. It's the only one that claims compatibility with
- most of the popular CP/M systems.
-
- This package is interesting that it emulates CP/M as a virtual A
- drive. There is actually a file named A.DSK. All work done on CP/M is
- stored in this file so A.DSK will grow in size as time goes on when more
- files are imported. Importing a file means moving a file from DOS to the
- CP/M environment. Exporting is the reverse function. Of course, you can
- also create B.DSK, C.DSK, etc. as work progresses.
-
- Some resemblance exists in the packaging of this shareware to
- 4DOS. They both claimed to be full non-crippled versions of the actual
- product. A difference between the shareware and the registered versions
- is the startup screens. On 4DOS, the shareware version has a banner
- reminding you to register. This one has eight screens! of text before it
- puts you into CP/M. Although most of the screens are actual help files I
- find that somewhat annoying. Of course, that's the whole purpose to
- entice one to register.
-
- Perhaps the most powerful feature of MYZ80 is its support of
- newer DOS operating systems. It can run either in 16- or 32-bit mode
- depending on whether it is run on an AT-class or 386 or newer system.
- For multitasking operating systems such as OS/2, Windows, and Desqview,
- one can run it as a single task. I tried exactly that. I opened a DOS
- window in Windows, cd to the cpm directory and start MYZ80. After the
- annoying screens, I got an A0> prompt. I'm in CP/M in a DOS window under
- Windows!
-
- MYZ80 contains only a couple of small help files. The few
- commands that came with it has built-in help. I suppose he really wants
- people to register to get proper documentation.
-
-
- All three packages are concerted efforts by these hardcores to
- provide perhaps the last linkage from CP/M to the DOS world. Some of
- you may have long since sold your CP/M computers but may need to access
- some files for whatever reason. Or you have this really neat (I
- promised this is the last time I'll use this word) recipe program in
- CP/M with a bunch of recipes stored in the database. You can now access
- this data on your DOS PC with any one of these. And I promise not to
- talk about CP/M for another decade.
-
- --
- Luis Basto
- Feb, 1993