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-
-
-
- REPLACE V1.1
-
-
- REPLACE is a program designed to copy a file, and as it does
- so, to replace certain sets of characters (called KEY STRINGS or
- KEYS) with other such sets. Key strings may be specified from the
- computer keyboard, or from a previously created disk file.
-
- OPERATION:
-
- Type REPLACE and hit a carriage return. You will be asked to
- specify the file in which the replacements are to be made (the
- INPUT file), and the file to receive the changes (the OUTPUT
- file). You will then be asked how the keys are to be input,
- either from the keyboard, or from a file. If you choose the
- keyboard option you will be prompted for keys to be found and
- what they are to be replaced with. When you want to start the
- replacement process, just hit a carriage return when prompted for
- the next key to be found. If the file option is chosen, you will
- be asked for the name of the file that contains the keys to be
- found and replaced (how to prepare such a file is discussed
- below). The program will then read in the keys, display them on
- the screen, and automatically start the replacement process.
-
- SPECIFYING KEYS:
-
- Simple alpha-numeric keys are formed by simply typing in the
- letters or numbers you wish to find and replace. Spaces and other
- characters that appear on the keyboard may also be entered in
- this fashion, with the exception of the character ^.
-
- ^ may be used to enter characters that do not appear on the
- keyboard, such as control characters and carriage return and
- line-feed characters. Its use may take four forms.
-
- They are:
-
- 1) ^^ - represents a single ^ in the key string.
-
- 2) ^A - where A is any letter A-Z. It represents the
- corresponding control-character in the key string.
-
- 3) ^(###) - where ### is a 1 to 3 digit decimal number. It
- represents character number ### of the ASCII sequence in the key
- string.
-
- 4) ^(##H) - where ## is a 1 or 2 digit hexadecimal number. It
- represents character number ##H of the ASCII sequence in the key
- string.
-
- Using these forms all ASCII characters 0-255 may be represented
- in either the FIND or REPLACE keys.
-
- The format of keys is the same, regardless of whether they
- are entered from the keyboard or from a file.
-
-
-
- PREPARING A FILE CONTAINING KEYS
-
- A file containing keys may be prepared on any word processor
- or editor that uses ASCII files (WordStar should be used in the
- Non-Document mode). The file should contain pairs of lines. On
- the first line should be the string you want to FIND and on the
- second line should be the string you want to REPLACE it with.
- Pairs of key strings should be separated by one blank line. Key
- strings may be up to 80 in length and there is a limit of 30
- pairs allowed.
-
- USING OPTIONS
-
- Two options are provided to aid in the use of the program.
- Both apply only to the finding of matches between the find key
- and the source text. They do not apply to the replace key.
-
- The first option is to ignore the parity-bits in the source
- file. Some background: there are eight bits used to describe the
- 256 different characters in the ASCII character-set. Only 7 bits
- are needed to specify all of the characters on the keyboard, plus
- the control characters. The eighth bit (here called the parity-
- bit) is not normally used. However, some programs, notably
- WordStar, use this eighth bit to mark the end of words and
- differentiate between "soft" and "hard" carriage returns. The
- default for the program is to ignore this eighth bit. For
- instance, the letter "E" will match up with both character
- numbers 69 and 196 (=127+69) (decimal) in the ASCII sequence. If
- this option is turned off, "E" would only match character number
- 69. This option does not affect matches where the eighth bit has
- been set in the find key. ^(196) matches only character 196, no
- matter which option is selected.
-
- The second option directs the program to ignore differences
- in case when searching for the occurrence of a key in the source
- file. For instance, if this option is selected "E" will match
- both "E" and "e". If this option is not selected, it will match
- only "E". The default setting for the program is to pay attention
- to differences in case.
-
- LIMITATIONS:
-
- 1) The program may run out of memory space if the key strings to
- be replaced are much larger than the keys to be found and occur
- frequently. If this occurs, the program will terminate with run-
- time error FF. To get around this problem, use fewer sets of keys
- at one time, or make the replace keys shorter.
-
- 2) If there is not room on the disk for the output file, I/O
- errors F0 or F1 may occur and cause program termination.
-
- 3) The only character that will not work as a find key in this
- program is ^Z (control-Z, ASCII 26 or 1AH) which is used as an
- end-of-file marker.
-
- 4) The program is designed for mass replacing. It does not query
- to be sure that it only replaces what you want replaced. Make
- sure that your keys to be found and replaced are unique enough
- that only the correct substitutions are made.
-
- EXAMPLE
-
- In Source file : This is an exameple of some Tex
-
- Find Key 1 : Tex
-
- Replace Key 1 : TEXT
-
- Find Key 2 : me
-
- Replace Key 2 : m
-
- In Output file : This is an example of som TEXT
-
- Note that the loss of the letter "e" from the word "some" would
- not have occurred if we had used the find key "ame" (with replace
- key "am" instead of just "m").
-
- 5) Replaces are done sequentially, in the order in which they are
- entered. This means that if a replace key (or a portion of) is
- used later as a find key, that replace key (or portion of) will
- be itself replaced.
-
-
- POTENTIAL USES
-
- 1) To save keystrokes when writing. Use abbreviations for
- frequently used words or phrases. Set up a file containing the
- abbreviations as the find keys and the words or phrases as the
- replace keys.
-
- 2) To rapidly insert print controls while using WordStar. If
- there is a word or phrase that needs to be always underlined (for
- example : et al.) use the word as a find key (et al.) and for the
- replace key, use the word plus the required print controls (^Set
- al^S.).
-
- 3) To convert files from other word-processing programs to
- WordStar. Find ^M and replace it with ^(140) to convert all the
- hard carriage returns to soft ones.
-
-
- WordStar is a trademark of MicroPro International Corp.
-
- The REPLACE program is free for public distribution, but may not
- be sold without the written authorization of John Porter.
-
- Copyright (c) 1985 by John Porter