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- Report from FOG
- Solution for a Major Problem
- by Gale Rhoades
-
- In recent weeks, the FOG office staff has been trying to sort through a
- variety of submissions. Some have been uploaded to FOG #6 (or #1) and
- some have arrived on disk. The problems we've encountered surpass my
- ability to describe.
-
- We have files which have been sQueezed, crunched, ARChived or LiBRaried
- and we have files which apparently have gone through a combination of
- compression programs.
-
- We have filenames with characters which are reserved under MS-DOS and
- filenames with characters which are reserved under CP/M. (Reserved
- characters are those which the operating system will not permit you to
- use when naming a file.) We have CP/M files on MS-DOS formatted disks
- and MS-DOS files on CP/M formatted disks. And we have the most horren-
- dous assortment of combinations. How some of it was accomplished is
- totally beyond me!
-
- Enough is enough. Jack and I are spending hours trying to get at some
- of these files and we just do not have the time to continue doing this.
- Well, at least not if you want to continue to see the FOG publications,
- new library releases and all the other services which are provided by
- the FOG staff.
-
- We have therefore developed some guidelines for submitting material to
- the FOG libraries and publications. Exceptions will be considered but
- please check with us in advance. We are willing to listen to suggestions
- for modifications to these guidelines but only if they are presented in
- an organized and well-considered manner. As a secondary goal, I would
- hope that FOG can facilitate the standardization of filenames and com-
- pression programs.
-
- Additionally, these guidelines are subject to revision as the authors of
- industry-standard utilities develop the tools which will eliminate some
- of the specific problems outlined below.
-
-
-
- The Guidelines
-
- It would be very foolish to perpetuate the argument that CP/M and MS-DOS
- are separate and distinct. Far too many users find themselves switching
- between MS-DOS and CP/M machines. Some have one machine at work and the
- other at home. Others have both sitting side-by-side.
-
- Legal Filenames: Filenames may contain only the characters listed below:
-
- ! (exclamation mark)
- # (pound, number, or hash symbol)
- % (percent)
- & (ampersand)
- ' (apostrophe)
- ( (open or left parenthesis)
- ) (close or right parenthesis)
- - (hyphen, dash, or minus)
- @ (at symbol)
- 0 through 9
- A through Z (upper case only!)
- ^ (caret or circumflex)
- ` (back quote)
- { (open or left brace or curly bracket)
- } (close or right brace or curly bracket)
- ~ (tilde)
-
- It is true that both MS-DOS and CP/M permit filenames to include char-
- acters other than those listed above. This list includes only those
- haracters which we have found to be generally acceptable to both opera-
- ting systems. Note that a few of these characters are partially reserved
- through common usage.
-
- For example, "Q" as the second letter of a file extension indicates that
- the file has been sQueezed. NEVER use it otherwise. "Z" as the second
- letter of a file extension indicates that the file has been crunched.
- Again, NEVER use it unless the file has indeed been crunched.
-
- The characters are listed in ascending ASCII order. The first nine often
- are used to place files at the head of a sorted directory because they
- have ASCII values less than that of a "0" or an "A".
-
- Utility Programs: These are the programs which compress files (to con-
- serve disk space) or which collect several files under a single filename.
-
- 1. SQueezed files (those with a "Q" as the second letter of a file ex-
- tension) must be compatible with Dave Rand's NewSWeeP (version 2.07
- in CP/M or 1.018 in MS-DOS, both of which use Richard Greenlaw's SQ
- algorithm). I have yet to see a correctly named file which will not
- unsQueeze with NSWP. SQueezed files generally save approximately
- 30-35%.
-
- Text files which are of use to both CP/M and MS-DOS users should only be
- sQueezed.
-
- 2. LiBRaried files (those with the extension .LBR) are a collection of
- several related files. Often libraries include files which have been
- sQueezed. This combination is both acceptable and desirable as a
- savings of 10-50% is realized.
-
- Additionally, there are fully debugged utilities which will allow one-
- step viewing and extraction from .LBR files and these files are equally
- usable on either MS-DOS or CP/M systems. Generally these files are
- created on CP/M systems.
-
- 3. ARChived files (those with the extension of either .ARC or .ARK) are
- files which contain related files. ARC is particularly nice because
- it is possible, in a single step, to both condense and collect. Cur-
- rently ARC files are created reliably only on MS-DOS systems but the
- contents can be extracted with ease on either a CP/M or MS-DOS system.
-
- The established standard is to use .ARC as the extension when the file
- contains programs and related files specific to MS-DOS systems. Most
- MS-DOS shareware and public domain software is distributed (on the Remote
- Systems) in .ARC files. Files w ith the extension .ARK are specific to
- CP/M systems. ARC512 is the standard which FOG is supporting.
-
-
- Things to Avoid: These are the things which have caused major problems,
- especially lately.
-
- 1. ALL crunch programs. These programs are changing dramatically nearly
- every week. In most cases, files which were crunched by a later ver-
- sion cannot be extracted by an earlier version.
-
- Files which contain a "Z" as the second character in the extension will
- be discarded until (unless) the various authors can agree on some stan-
- dards and build RELIABLE and easy-to-use programs which allow a CP/M
- user to extract a file crunched on an MS-DOS system, an MS-DOS user to
- extract a file crunched on a CP/M system AND both CP/M and MS-DOS users
- to create compatible crunched files.
-
- 2. Please DO NOT mix compression algorithms except to sQueeze a file and
- then include it in a LiBRary file.
-
- 3. ARC files created by programs not compatible with ARC512 will be dis-
- carded.
-
- 4. Files which were named using illegal characters (those not listed un-
- der Legal Filenames above) will be discarded.
-
- 5. Never sQueeze or crunch a .LBR or .ARC file!
-
- 6. Never sQueeze or crunch a file which will later be included in an ARC
- file.
-
- 7. NEVER rename a file before submitting it to this office! You may re-
- name any file or program for your own use but please do not distribute
- it to others except under the filename assigned by the author. This is
- particularly important with public domain software.
-
- 8. Please do not sQueeze, LiBRary, or ARChive a file and then rename the
- file. If you want to rename a file you created, please do so before
- using your favorite utility. Renamed files cause serious problems
- when we are extracting several files on the same disk.
-
-
- Submissions
-
- It is amazing how many submissions (both for the libraries and the
- publications) arrive with nothing to identify the sender, the disk
- format, the intent of the sender, etc.
-
- Each disk submitted should have a label to tell us:
-
- 1. The name and address (and membership number) of the sender.
-
- 2. The format of the disk.
-
- 3. If text files are included, what word processor was used. If it is
- possible, we would prefer that the files be submitted in WordStar or
- standard ASCII format.
-
- 4. If it is not a submission, please include a cover letter so we know
- WHY it was sent.
-
- 5. If it is a submission, what would you like back? Volunteers do most
- of the copying to overwrite the disks before they are returned to the
- senders. Normally the volunteers are not able to look up your address
- and we do not have records of the library disks you already have or
- the disk formats you can read.
-
- 6. If possible, include a file with the CRC values so that we can check
- for damage to the files if we encounter problems.
-
- 7. Keep the filename unique. Please do not use FOGHORN, FOGLIGHT, FOG,
- LETTER, or similar filenames.
-
-
- Files uploaded to FOG #6 or #1 should:
-
- 1. Include sender's name, address, and membership number. If you are
- uploading a textfile, place this information at the beginning of the
- file. If you are uploading a library submission, include this infor-
- mation in a "README" file.
-
- 2. If more than a single file is being uploaded, please collect all re-
- lated files in either a LiBRary or ARChive file. Be sure the "README"
- file is included. SQueeze text files before adding them to a LiBRary
- file; do NOT sQueeze them before using ARChive.
-
- 3. If possible, include a file with the CRC values of each member.
-
- 4. Keep the filename unique. Please do not use FOGHORN, FOGLIGHT, FOG,
- LETTER, or similar filenames.
-
-
- Submissions for the FOG Publications
-
- Lately, we have been receiving a large number of lengthy letters and
- articles by mail. This is great except for one small problem - these
- letters are not in computer-readable form.
-
- Therefore, we wonder if authors realized that, in order to publish the
- submission, we have to first retype these otherwise excellent submis-
- sions? We have reluctantly begun returning such letters with the request
- that they be returned on disk.
-
- Remember folks, we will return your disk overwritten with a disk from the
- library -- just tell us which disk you'd like to have.
-
- Effective immediately, we will be unable to rekey a submission which is
- longer than two paragraphs.
-
- If you have artwork which accompanies the submission, please continue
- sending that as hardcopy. Just insert it into the disk mailer.
-
- Please include your name and address at the start of each article. It
- is much faster to delete a couple extra lines than to search for the
- information.
-
- Please omit (or delete) ALL print control codes, regardless of what you
- think we can read or use. We are experimenting with a variety of "desk-
- top publishing" software packages and print control codes can make a file
- nearly useless. If you want to assist us, include a hardcopy of the
- formatted file. Please avoid indents, tabs, and other offsets. Keep all
- the margin flush left and use blank lines for separation. Start and end
- non-printing comments with a tilde ( ~ ).
-
- Submissions are always needed for the FOG publications and, of course,
- greatly appreciated. To all the authors and others responsible for such
- submissions, our sincerest thanks for your efforts and support.
-
- - Gale Rhoades
-
-
-