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- Matrix Calculator
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- version 1.1
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- (C) 1991, Wesley B. Loewer
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- Table of Contents
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- Topic Page
- Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
- Latest Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
- Entering New Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
- Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
- File options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
- Edit options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
- Operations options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
- In Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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- Manual Updated: May 25, 1992
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- Page 2
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- Introduction:
- This piece of software allows a user to perform matrix operations
- quickly and easily on large matrices. It has optimized routines for
- finding inverses, determinants, matrix multiplication and addition and a
- number of other operations as well. It allows the user to store
- matrices in such a way that makes it easy to import into spreadsheet
- programs.
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- The Latest Version:
- The latest version of "MatCalc" can be found at
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- Data Warp Premium BBS
- (713) 355-6107
- Spring, TX
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- "MatCalc" is distributed as MATCAL??.ZIP, where the ?? represents the
- version number. When passing "MatCalc" along to others, please
- distribute all the files and documentation. Currently, the ZIP contains
- the files MATCALC.EXE and MATCALC.DOC. See the end of this file for the
- conditions in which this program may be used without charge.
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- Limitations:
- The size of a matrix is limited to 50 rows and 50 columns. The
- number of matrices that can be stored in memory at one time depends on
- size of each matrix. There is enough room to store ten 25x25 matrices.
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- Hardware Requirements:
- This program requires an IBM compatible with DOS 2.0 or later. It
- does not require any graphics capability what-so-ever. The program
- makes use of an optional mouse and math coprocessor
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 3
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- Getting Started:
- To start the program, type MATCALC at the DOS prompt. The opening
- screen should look like:
-
- ╔════════════════════════════╗
- ║ ║
- ║ Matrix Calculator ║
- ║ ║
- ╟────────────────────────────╢
- ║ (C) 1991, Wesley B. Loewer ║
- ╚════════════════════════════╝
-
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- To make a selection, hold the <ALT> key down and press the letter that
- is highlighted on the menu; or place the mouse point on the selection
- and click the left mouse button. If you are not in the editing screen,
- holding the <ALT> key is not necessary.
-
-
- ┌────────────────────╖
- │ New ║
- │ Retrieve File ║
- │ Retrieve Text File ║
- ╘════════════════════╝
- New - To enter a completely new matrix, leads to the following menu.
- Retrieve File - prompts you to enter the name of a binary matrix file.
- Retrieve Text File - prompts you to enter the name of a tab or comma
- delimited ASCII text file
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- If "New" was selected above, then the following menu appears:
- ┌───────────────╖
- │ Matrix ║
- │ Single Number ║
- ╘═══════════════╝
- Matrix - indicates that you want to enter a matrix
- Single Number - The Matrix Calculator can also handle real numbers.
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- If you selected "Matrix" then the next menu appears:
- ┌──────────────────────────╖
- │ Number of Rows: 3 ║
- │ Number of Columns: 3 ║
- ╘══════════════════════════╝
- This menu is asking you to enter the size of the matrix. For
- a matrix of size MxN, M is the number of rows and N is the
- number of columns.
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 4
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- Editing:
- At this point, the Matrix Calculator shows an editing screen in which
- you may enter values for the matrix or single number. The following
- keys have special meaning in the editing screen.
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- <F2> - Toggles between "Edit Mode" and "View Mode."
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- <Left>/<Right Arrow> - In "Edit Mode" causes the cursor to move
- left/right in the edit window. In "View Mode" causes the selected
- cell to move right/left.
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- <Up>/<Down Arrow> - Causes the selected cell to move up/down.
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- <Tab>/<Shift-Tab> - Causes the selected cell to move right/left.
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- <Home>/<End> - In "Edit Mode" causes the cursor to move to the
- beginning/end of the entry. In "View Mode" causes the selected
- cell to be the first/last cell in the row.
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- <Ctrl-Home>/<Ctrl-End> - Causes the selected cell to be the first/last
- cell in the matrix.
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- <Left Mouse Button> - Clicking the left mouse button on a particular
- cell causes that cell to be selected.
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- Working with Matrices:
- Once a matrix has been entered, a number of things can be done with
- the matrix. At the top of the screen a list of three main categories is
- shown: File, Edit, and Operations. Each option under these headings is
- explained below.
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 5
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- File options:
- ┌────────────────────╖
- │ Save ║
- │ Retrieve ║
- │ Save as Text File ║
- │ Retrieve Text File ║
- │ Delete ║
- ├────────────────────╢
- │ Print ║
- ├────────────────────╢
- │ Exit Ctrl+X ║
- ╘════════════════════╝
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- Save - Saves the current matrix (matrix #0) as a binary file. The size
- of the file will always be (rows x cols + 1) x 8 bytes long.
- Binary files can be saved and retrieved much faster than text
- files.
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- Retrieve - Retrieves a binary file replacing the current matrix.
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- Save as Text File - Saves the current matrix as an ASCII text file.
- This allows the files to be imported by other spreadsheet programs.
- If the elements are mostly integers, then the size of the file can
- be considerably smaller than that of a binary file. On the other
- hand, if the elements have mostly long decimals, then text files
- can be bigger than binary files. In any case, using text files
- always take more time to save and retrieve.
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- Retrieve Text File - Retrieves a text file replacing the current matrix.
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- Delete - Prompts the user to enter a filename to delete.
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- Print - Prints the current matrix to a printer connected to PRN:
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- Exit - Leaves the program. (Short-cut key is <Ctrl-X>.)
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- Edit options:
- ┌────────────────────────╖
- │ Edit/view mode F2 ║
- │ Store Ctrl+S ║
- │ Recall Ctrl+R ║
- │ New Ctrl+N ║
- │ Clear ║
- │ Clear All ║
- ╘════════════════════════╝
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- Edit/view mode - Toggle between "Edit Mode" and "View Mode." (Short-cut
- key is <F2>.)
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- Store - Stores the current matrix in a memory location. Valid locations
- are memory #1 - memory #9. (Short-cut key is <Ctrl-S>.)
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 6
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- Recall - Replaces the current matrix with the matrix from a memory
- location. Valid locations are memory #1 - memory #9. (Short-cut
- key is <Ctrl-R>.)
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- New - Clears the current matrix and allows the user to enter a new one.
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- Clear - Clears a particular memory location. Valid locations are memory
- #1 - memory #9.
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- Clear All - Clears all the memory location except the current matrix
- which is stored in memory #0.
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- Operations options:
- ┌───────────────────────────╖
- │ Solve System of Equations ║
- │ Determinant ║
- │ Add ║
- │ Multiply ║
- │ Inverse ║
- │ Transpose ║
- │ Adjoint ║
- │ Minor ║
- │ Cofactor ║
- │ Trace ║
- │ Identity ║
- ╘═══════════════════════════╝
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- Solve System of Equations - Allows the user to very quickly solve a
- system of linear equations. The matrix must have more columns than
- rows in order to use this option.
- Example: 3x + 2y = 1 and -x + y = 12 can be solved for x and y by
- entering the matrix:
- 3 2 1
- -1 1 12
- and selecting "Solve System of Equations." The answers are
- displayed in order in a column. You can also solve this system and
- another at the same time if both system have the same coefficients.
- For example: 3x + 2y = 5 and -x + y = 6 can be solved along with
- the previous system by entering:
- 3 2 1 5
- -1 1 12 6
- and again select "Solve System of Equations." The first (x,y) pair
- will be the first column while the second (x,y) pair is the second
- column.
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- Determinant - Finds the determinant of the current matrix. The matrix
- must have the same number of rows and columns in order to use this
- option.
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- Add - Adds the current matrix to another matrix. In order to use this,
- you must have already stored a matrix somewhere in memory. You can
- add a matrix to itself by selecting memory #0. Both matrices used
- must be the exact same size.
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 7
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- Multiply - Multiplies the current matrix times another matrix. In order
- to use this, you must have already stored a matrix somewhere in
- memory. You can multiply a matrix by itself by selecting memory
- #0. The number of columns of the current matrix must be equal to
- the number of rows in the selected memory location. If either
- value is a single number instead of a matrix, then scaler
- multiplication is performed.
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- Inverse - Finds the inverse of the current matrix. The matrix must have
- the same number of rows and columns in order to use this option.
- There is a size limit of 25x25 for this operation.
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- Transpose - Exchanges the rows and columns of the current matrix.
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- Adjoint - Finds the adjoint (sometimes called the adjugate) of the
- current matrix.
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- Minor - Finds a minor of a particular row and column of the current
- matrix.
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- Cofactor - Finds the cofactor of a particular row and column of the
- current matrix.
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- Trace - Finds the trace (the sum of the diagonal) of the current matrix.
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- Identity - Generates an identity matrix of a specified size.
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 8
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- History
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- 1.0 Original program
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- 1.1 A few typo's were corrected in the documentation and a few message
- screens were slightly changed
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- First version to be distributed through Data Warp BBS (see p. 2)
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- Matrix Calculator
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- Page 9
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- In Closing
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- A special word of thanks goes to my Physics and Algebra II students who
- unknowingly were my beta testers. They are the reason I put these
- programs together and made them publicly available.
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- This program is intended for use in educational settings only. As a
- teacher, my reward comes from knowing that my efforts have been
- fruitful. Although donations would be appreciated, the only payment
- that I require is that each user send a letter or postcard letting me
- know that he/she is using my program. Teachers may send a single letter
- with the names (or at least the number) of students using the program
- each year. This serves no purpose other than to give the author a pat
- on the back and make him feel as though he has contributed to mankind.
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- If this program should prove useful to someone outside of an educational
- setting (such as in a job or even research), a reasonable payment of $15
- is required. If anyone is interested in the source code, please contact
- me.
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- Copyright is retained by Wesley B. Loewer.
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- Please send any questions, suggestions, and contributions to:
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- Wesley B. Loewer or Wesley B. Loewer
- 78 S. Circlewood Glen McCullough High School
- The Woodlands, TX 77381 3800 S. Panther Creek Dr.
- (713) 292-3449 The Woodlands, TX 77381
- (713) 367-1025 ext. 251
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- Matrix Calculator
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