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-
- .BAT (Batch Files)
-
-
- PURPOSE:
- Batch files combine a certain sequence of commands
- and the entire sequence of commands is run simply
- by typing the name of the batch file.
-
-
- NOTE:
- Batch files are very useful if you find that you are
- repeatedly typing the same sequence of commands in
- hopes of performing a common task. Also note that
- all batch files must include the ".bat" extension in
- their filenames (example: message.bat). By using
- batch files you only have to remember to type one
- command, the name of the specific batch file, instead
- of several.
-
-
- CREATING BATCH FILES:
- You can create a batch file using
- Edlin (the MS-DOS line editor) or
- any other line editor (such as Q),
- by using the "copy" command, or by
- using a word processor that saves
- files as ASCII text.
-
-
- IMPORTANT:
- 1) You must name each batch file with an extension
- of .bat
-
- 2) When you want to execute a batch file, you type
- only its filename and not the extension.
-
- 3) You can specify the name of another batch file
- as the last command in a batch file. When you
- do this, you are able to call one batch file
- from another when the first has finished.
-
- 4) Setting the directory or drive affects every
- subsequent command in the batch file.
-
- 5) If you remove the disk that contains a batch
- file being run, DOS prompts you to reinsert
- the disk in order to continue following the
- commands in the file.
-
-
- COMMANDS USED IN BATCH FILES:
-
- COMMAND: USAGE:
-
- cls Clears the screen
-
- echo off Used so commands in batch file are not
- echoed to the screen and cluttering up
- what you really want to say.
-
- echo Everything typed after the word "echo"
- appears on the screen excluding the
- word "echo" when the batchfile is run.
-
- pause Pauses during the process of a batch file
-
- rem Displays a comment or remark in the batch
- file, but doesn't show up on the screen
- when the batch file is executed
-
- dir Displays the default directory of the disk
- in the default drive
-
- date Asks you to set the date (used mainly in
- autoexec.bat)
-
- time Asks you to set the current time (used mainly
- in autoexec.bat)
-
- call Calls one batch file from another without
- ending itself
-
- MORE SOPHISTICATED COMMANDS
-
- COMMAND USAGE
-
- for Performs a command for a set of files
-
- goto Processes commands starting with the line
- after the specified label
-
- if Performs a command if a condition is met
-
-
- EXAMPLE:
- The following is a sample batch file created through
- the use of the "copy" command. Through this batch
- file you want to format and check new disks. To do
- this, follow these easy steps:
-
- 1) First type the following command:
-
- copy con mydir.bat
-
- Then hit the ENTER key. This command tells DOS to
- copy the information from the keyboard (console)
- to the file mydir.bat
-
- 2) Next, type the following lines, hitting the ENTER
- key after each one:
-
- rem This is a file to display
- rem my directory and pause it.
- pause HIT THE ENTER Key When Ready
- dir *.*/W/P
-
- 3) Then, after the last line, press the CONTROL key
- and Z at the same time to save the batch file.
- The message "1 file(s) copied to show that the
- file has been created.
-
- 4) To execute or run the file, simply type:
-
- mydir
-
-
- CREATING BATCH FILES WITH REPLACEABLE PARAMETERS
-
-
- PURPOSE:
- You may want to create a program and run it with
- different sets of data. These different sets of
- data may be stored in various DOS files. Through
- DOS, you are able to create a batch file with
- replaceable parameters where a parameter is a
- common option that you define. Named %0 through %9,
- these parameters hold the places for the values
- that you supply when you give the batch command.
- These replaceable parameters are useful because
- they make certain batch files easier to use and
- more flexible.
-
-
- EXAMPLE:
- You could create a file that says Good morning
- and issues instructions.
-
-
- 1) First type the following and then hit the
- ENTER key:
-
- copy con Myfile.bat
-
- 2) Then type the following lines:
-
- echo off
- cls
- echo Good Morning %1
- echo Hope all is well today.
- echo/
- echo Please don't forget to
- echo pick up the laundry %1
- echo/
- echo Thanks %1
- pause
-
-
- 3) Next, hit the CONTROL key and Z at the same
- time to save the batch file, and then hit
- ENTER.
-
- TO RUN THE BAT FILE type:
-
- myfile Doris
-