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- Electricity
-
- . Today's scientific question is: What in the world is
- electricity? And where does it go after it leaves the toaster?
-
- . Here is a simple experiment that will teach you an important
- electrical lesson: On a cool, dry day, scuff your feet along a
- carpet, then reach your hand into a friend's mouth and touch one of
- his dental fillings. Did you notice how your friend twitched
- violently and cried out in pain? This teaches us that electricity can
- be a very powerful force, but we must never use it to hurt others
- unless we need to learn an important electrical lesson.
-
- . It also teaches us how an electrical circuit works. When you
- scuffed your feet, you picked up batches of "electrons," which are
- very small objects that carpet manufacturers weave into carpet so that
- they will attract dirt. The electrons travel through your bloodstream
- and collect in your finger, where they form a spark that leaps to your
- friend's filling, then travel down to his feet and back into the
- carpet, thus completing the circuit.
-
- . AMAZING ELECTRONIC FACT: If you scuffed your feet long enough
- without touching anything, you would build up so many electrons that
- your finger would explode! But this is nothing to worry about unless
- you have carpeting.
-
- . Although we modern persons tend to take our electric lights,
- radios, mixers, etc. for granted, hundreds of years ago people did not
- have any of these things, which is just as well because there was no
- place to plug them in.
-
- Then along came the first Electrical Pioneer, Benjamin
- Franklin, who flew a kite in a lightning storm and received a
- serious electrical shock. This proved that lightning was powered by
- the same force as carpets, but it also damaged Franklin's brain so
- severely that he started speaking only in incomprehensible maxims,
- such as, "A penny saved is a penny earned." Eventually he had to be
- given a job running the post office.
-
- . After Franklin came a herd of Electrical Pioneers whose names
- have become part of our electrical terminology: Myron Volt, Mary
- Louise Amp, James Watt, Bob Transformer, etc. These pioneers
- conducted many important electrical experiments.
-
- Among them, Galvani discovered (this is the truth)
- that when he attached two different
- kinds of metal to the leg of a frog, an electrical current developed
- and the frog's leg kicked, even though it was no longer attached to
- the frog, which was dead anyway. Galvani's discovery led to enormous
- advances in the field of amphibian medicine. Today, skilled
- veterinary surgeons can take a frog that has been seriously injured or
- killed, implant pieces of metal in its muscles, and watch it hop back
- into the pond -- where it sinks like a stone.
-
- . But the greatest Electrical Pioneer of them all was Thomas
- Edison, who was a brilliant inventor despite the fact that he had
- little formal education and lived in New Jersey. Edison's first major
- invention in 1877 was the phonograph, which could soon be found in
- thousands of American homes, where it basically sat until 1923, when
- the record was invented.
-
- But Edison's greatest achievement came in 1879
- when he invented the electric company. Edison's design was a
- brilliant adaptation of the simple electrical circuit: the electric
- company sends electricity through a wire to a customer, then
- immediately gets the electricity back through another wire, then (this
- is the brilliant part) sends it right back to the customer again.
-
- . This means that an electric company can sell a customer the same
- batch of electricity thousands of times a day and never get caught,
- since very few customers take the time to examine their electricity
- closely. In fact, the last year any new electricity was generated was
- 1937.
-
- . Today, thanks to men like Edison and Franklin, and frogs like
- Galvani's, we receive almost unlimited benefits from electricity. For
- example, in the past decade scientists have developed the laser, an
- electronic appliance so powerful that it can vaporize a bulldozer 2000
- yards away, yet so precise that doctors can use it to perform delicate
- operations to the human eyeball, provided they remember to change the
- power setting from "Bulldozer" to "Eyeball."
-
- From "Journal of Irreproducible Results"
-