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$Unique_ID{COW03608}
$Pretitle{263}
$Title{Taiwan
Statistical Profile of Taiwan}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
taiwan
rate
billion
national
chinese
government
growth
lines
new}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*73500010.aud
Map of Taiwan*0360801.scf
Flag of Taiwan*0360802.scf
}
Country: Taiwan
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Taiwan]
[See Flag of Taiwan]
Statistical Profile of Taiwan
Geography
Total area: 35,980 km2; land area: 32,260 km2; includes the Pescadores,
Matsu, and Quemoy
Comparative area: slightly less than three times the size of Connecticut
Land boundaries: none
Coastline: 1,448 km
Maritime claims:
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: involved in complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China,
Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam; Paracel Islands occupied by China, but
claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto
(Senkaku Islands) claimed by China and Taiwan
Climate: tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon
(June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year
Terrain: eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently
rolling plains in west
Natural resources: small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone,
marble, and asbestos
Land use: 24% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 5% meadows and pastures;
55% forest and woodland; 15% other; 14% irrigated
Environment: subject to earthquakes and typhoons
People
Population: 20,233,171 (July 1989), growth rate 1.14% (1989)
Birth rate: 16 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 18 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 71 years male, 76 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 1.8 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Chinese (sing., pl.); adjective--Chinese
Ethnic divisions: 84% Taiwanese, 14% mainland Chinese, 2% aborigine
Religion: 93% mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist; 4.5% Christian;
2.5% other
Language: Mandarin Chinese (official); Taiwanese and Hakka dialects also
used
Literacy: 94%
Labor force: 7,880,000; 41% industry and commerce, 32% services,
20% agriculture, 7% civil administration (1986)
Organized labor: 1,300,000 or about 18.4% (government controlled) (1983)
Administration
Long-form name: none
Type: one-party presidential regime; the new political organizations bill
(due to be passed in early 1989) will permit legal formation of new political
parties
Capital: Taipei
Administrative divisions: 16 counties (hsien, singular and plural),
5 municipalities (shih, singular and plural), 2 special municipalities
(chuan-shih, singular and plural); Chang-hua, Chia-i, Chia-i, Chi-lung,
Hsin-chu, Hsin-chu, Hua-lien, I-lan, Kao-hsiung, Kao-hsiung, Miao-li,
Nan-t'ou, P'eng-hu, P'ing-tung, T'ai-chung, T'ai-chung, T'ai-nan, T'ai-nan,
T'ai-pei, T'ai-pei, T'ai-tung, T'ao-yuan, Yun-lin; note--the Wade-Giles
system is used for romanization
Constitution: 25 December 1947
Legal system: based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations
National holiday: National Day (Anniversary of the Revolution),
10 October (1911)
Branches: five independent branches (executive, legislative, judicial,
plus traditional Chinese functions of examination and control), dominated by
executive branch; president and vice president elected by National Assembly
Leaders: LI Teng-hui, President (since January 1988); YU Kuo-hua,
Premier (since June 1984)
Suffrage: universal over age 20
Elections: Legislative Yuan every three years; National Assembly and
Control Yuan every six years; no general election held since 1947 election on
mainland (supplemental elections for Taiwan Province representatives in
December 1969, 1972, 1975, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1985, and 1986); national
elections will be held November 1989
Political parties and leaders: Kuomintang (Nationalist Party), led by
Acting Chairman LI Teng-hui; Democratic Socialist Party and Young China Party
controlled by Kuomintang; Democratic Progressive Party and Labor Party,
not formally recognized by Kuomintang
Voting strength: (1986 Legislative Yuan election) 59 seats Kuomintang,
12 seats DPP, 1 independent
Member of: expelled from UN General Assembly and Security Council on 25
October 1971 and withdrew on same date from other charter-designated subsidiary
organs; expelled from IMF/World Bank group April/May 1980; member of ADB and
PECC, seeking to join GATT and/or MFA; attempting to retain membership in ICAC,
ISO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IWC--International Wheat Council, PCA; suspended from
IAEA in 1972, but still allows IAEA controls over extensive atomic development
Diplomatic representation: none; unofficial commercial and cultural
relations with the people of the US are maintained through a private
instrumentality, the Coordination Council for North American Affairs (CCNAA)
with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington and 10 other US
cities with all addresses and telephone numbers NA;
US--unofficial commercial and cultural relations with the people of Taiwan
are maintained through a private institution, the American Institute in
Taiwan (AIT), which has offices in Taipei at 7 Lane 134, Hsin Yi Road, Section 3
with telephone 002 [886] (2) 709-2000 and in Kao-hsiung at 88 Wu Fu 3rd Road
with telephone NA
Flag: red with a dark blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner
bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays
Economy
Overview: One of the world's most dynamic economies, real growth in GNP
has averaged about 9% a year during the past three decades. Export growth has
been even faster and provided the impetus for industrialization. Agriculture
contributes about 6% to GNP, down from 35% in 1952. Taiwan currently ranks
in the top 20% of major trading nations.
GNP: $91.7 billion, per capita $4,325; real growth rate 7.2% (1988)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.0% (1988)
Unemployment rate: 2.0% (1988)
Budget: revenues $17.2 billion; expenditures $17.2 billion,
including capital expenditures of NA (FY88)
Exports: $59.0 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--textiles
20.5%, electrical machinery 18.8%, general machinery and equipment 9%,
telecommunications equipment 9%, basic metals and metal products 7.4%,
foodstuffs 5.4%, plywood and wood products 2.5%; partners--US 39%,
Japan 14%
Imports: $48.7 billion (c.i.f., 1987); commodities--machinery
and equipment 25%, crude oil 17.7%, chemical and chemical products 11.9%,
basic metals 6.7%, foodstuffs 6.3%; partners--Japan 29%, US 21%,
Saudi Arabia 8.6%
External debt: $12.3 billion (December 1988 est.)
Industrial production: growth rate 4.1% (1988)
Electricity: 16,700,000 kW capacity; 65,000 million kWh produced,
3,250 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: textiles, clothing, chemicals, electronics, food processing,
plywood, sugar milling, cement, shipbuilding, petroleum
Agriculture: rice, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples, citrus
fruits; food shortages--wheat, corn, soybeans
Aid: US, including Ex-Im (FY46-82), $4.6 billion; Western (non-US)
countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-86), $423 million
Currency: new Taiwan dollar (plural--dollars);
1 new Taiwan dollar (NT$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates: new Taiwan dollars per US$1--28.10 (January 1989),
31.69 (1987), 37.838 (1986), 39.849 (1985)
Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June
Communications
Railroads: about 1,075 km common carrier lines and over 3,800 km
industrial lines; common carrier lines consist of the 1.067-meter gauge 708 km
West Line and the 367 km East Line; a 98.25 km South Link Line connection
is under construction; common carrier lines owned by the government and operated
by the Railway Adm