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$Unique_ID{COW03453}
$Pretitle{440}
$Title{Swaziland
Southern African Development Coordination Conference a Handbook}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Southern African Development Coordination Conference}
$Affiliation{Southern African Development Coordination Conference}
$Subject{sadcc
africa
economic
states
southern
cooperation
south
conference
council
development}
$Date{1988}
$Log{}
Country: Swaziland
Book: Southern African Development Coordination Conference a Handbook
Author: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
Affiliation: Southern African Development Coordination Conference
Date: 1988
Southern African Development Coordination Conference a Handbook
Introduction
Although to the Governments of the region and to our international
cooperating partners SADCC is now a familiar name and concept, there are still
many people who ask what it is, how it began and where it is going.
In the founding Declaration issued at Lusaka on 1 April 1980 the Heads of
State and Government expressed their desire to "offer this declaration to our
own peoples, to the peoples and Governments of the many countries who are
interested in promoting popular welfare, justice and peace in Southern Africa
and to the international agencies who share this interest".
His Majesty King Moshoeshoe II told delegates to the Maseru Conference in
1983 that "It is our hope that the spirit of SADCC will inspire the initiative
of our farmers; that it will motivate the positive responses of our teachers
and the youth; that it will give a sense of purpose and full participation to
our workers; that it will encourage the responsible progressive creativity of
investors in relation to equitable distribution of the fruits of such
investments".
Without knowledge and understanding of SADCC and its programmes, this
cannot happen. Through this booklet it is hoped to explain how and why SADCC
was established, what it is and what it is intended to achieve. It is vital
that the people of this region should be informed about, understand and
participate in SADCC programmes and projects. I hope that this booklet will
encourage such participation by our peoples and lead to better understanding
of our objectives among the members of the international community.
Q.K.J. Masire
President of the Republic of Botswana and Chairman of SADCC
What is SADCC?
The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) is an
association of the nine majority-ruled states of Southern Africa. Through
regional cooperation SADCC works to accelerate economic growth in order to
improve the living conditions of the peoples of Southern Africa. SADCC also
aims to reduce the dependence of its member States on South Africa.
Who is SADCC?
The Member States of SADCC are
Angola
Botswana
Lesotho
Malawi
Mozambique
Swaziland
Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
The Southern African liberation movements recognised by the OAU are
invited to SADCC Summit meetings as observers. These are the South West Africa
People's Organisation (SWAPO), the African National Congress of South Africa
(ANC) and the Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC).
What are the objectives of SADCC?
"Our unity of effort in the struggle for economic independence for our
peoples becomes the necessary condition to guarantee our own sovereignty and
security ... The successes which SADCC can achieve constitute a great
contribution to the struggle of the peoples of Southern Africa against
oppression, exploitation and discrimination".
H.E. President Jose Eduardo Dos Santos
Maputo 11 July 1983
1. The reduction of economic dependence, particularly, but not only, on
the Republic of South Africa;
2. The forging of links to create a genuine and equitable regional
integration;
3. The mobilisation of resources to promote the implementation of
national, interstate and regional policies;
4. Concerted action to secure international cooperation within the
framework of our strategy for economic liberation.
"... our goal is to achieve economic liberation and to reduce our
economic dependence on the Republic of South Africa. We seek to overcome the
fragmentation of our economies and, by coordinating our national development
efforts, to strengthen them. The basis of our cooperation, built on concrete
projects and specific programmes rather than on grandiose schemes and massive
bureaucratic institutions, must be the assured mutual advantage of all
participating States".
H.E. President Sir Seretse Khama
Lusaka 1 April 1980
Roots of SADDC
During the 1960s Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Tanzania and
Zambia achieved their independence.
1974
With independence for Mozambique and Angola in sight after a protracted
armed struggle, President Kaunda of Zambia already had a vision of a
"transcontinental belt of independent and economically powerful nations, from
Dar es Salaam and Maputo on the Indian Ocean to Luanda on the Atlantic".
(Dar es Salaam 7 July 1974)
1975
Angola and Mozambique achieved independence.
During the period of illegal independence in Rhodesia, bilateral economic
cooperation agreements were made between the independent countries of Southern
Africa such as Zambia and Tanzania, Mozambique, Angola and Botswana;
Mozambique and Swaziland and Tanzania.
The Front Line States - Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Tanzania and
Zambia - coordinated their efforts to support the struggle for political
liberation in Zimbabwe and Namibia.
"... we must be humble in our immediate objectives and ambitious in our
long-term objectives. We must be conscious of the fact that we are not at
present in a condition to create an economic community of the region, but we
can from this moment take firm steps in some areas already identified;
agriculture, industry, trade and energy.
"In the initial phase it is necessary that we carry out concrete actions,
that we gain experience in order to define the modalities and areas of
cooperation. it is not through the creation of institutions that we will
develop multilateral cooperation.
"Some of us have experience of the inefficiency of the creation of heavy
and expensive structures which contribute little or nothing to the main
objectives that were achieved. The institutions should appear in order to
respond to the objective needs and not conceived as an end in themselves".
H.E. President Samora Machel
Lusaka 1 April 1980
May 1979
Foreign Ministers of the Front Line States met in Gaborone to discuss
economic cooperation. They agreed to convene a conference in Arusha with donor
Governments and International Development Institutions to discuss a regional
programme of economic development in Southern Africa.
July 1979
Arusha Conference - The conference, which was opened by the late
President of Botswana, Sir Seretse Khama and chaired by the Vice President of
Botswana, Q.K.J. Masire, provided SADDC with an opportunity to explain to
potential international cooperating partners the main parameters of such
cooperation and the policy assumptions on which it was being constructed. At
the same time it allowed external Governments and Agencies to give useful
advice to SADCC on how such a programme might most rapidly be implemented with
the backing of the international community.
At Arusha it was agreed that the other majority-ruled countries of
Southern Africa should be invited to participate in the drawing up of the
Lusaka Declaration on Southern African Development Coordination. Consultations
were accordingly held with Lesotho, Malawi and Swaziland.
The Lancaster House negotiations later that year ended with agreement on
constitutional arrangements for an independent Zimbabwe.
April 1980
Lusaka Summit - The nine majority-ruled countries of Southern Africa met
and declared their commitment "to pursue policies aimed at economi