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$Unique_ID{COW02961}
$Pretitle{381}
$Title{Portugal
Statistical Profile on Portugal}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
portuguese
rate
billion
azores
labor
total
democratic
democrats
est}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*69400010.aud
Map of Portugal*0296101.scf
Flag of Portugal*0296102.scf
}
Country: Portugal
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Portugal]
[See Flag of Portugal]
Statistical Profile on Portugal
Geography
Total area: 92,080 km2; land area: 91,640 km2; includes Azores and Madeira
Islands
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Indiana
Land boundary: 1,214 km with Spain
Coastline: 1,793 km
Maritime claims:
Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation;
Extended economic zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: Macau is scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of
China in 1999; East Timor question with Indonesia
Climate: maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in
south
Terrain: mountainous north of the Tagus, rolling plains in south
Natural resources: fish, forests (cork), tungsten, iron ore, uranium ore,
marble
Land use: 32% arable land; 6% permanent crops; 6% meadows and pastures; 40%
forest and woodland; 16% other; includes 7% irrigated
Environment: Azores subject to severe earthquakes
Note: Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea
approaches to Strait of Gibraltar
People
Population: 10,354,497 (July 1990), growth rate 0.3% (1990)
Birth rate: 12 births/1,000 population (1990)
Death rate: 10 deaths/1,000 population (1990)
Net migration rate: 1 migrants/1,000 population (1990)
Infant mortality rate: 14 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)
Life expectancy at birth: 71 years male, 78 years female (1990)
Total fertility rate: 1.5 children born/woman (1990)
Nationality: noun--Portuguese (sing. and pl.); adjective--Portuguese
Ethnic divisions: homogeneous Mediterranean stock in mainland, Azores, Madeira
Islands; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during
decolonization number less than 100,000
Religion: 97% Roman Catholic, 1% Protestant denominations, 2% other
Language: Portuguese
Literacy: 83%
Labor force: 4,605,700; 45% services, 35% industry, 20% agriculture (1988)
Organized labor: about 55% of the labor force; the Communist-dominated General
Confederation of Portuguese Workers--Intersindical (CGTP-IN) represents more
than half of the unionized labor force; its main competition, the General
Workers Union (UGT), is organized by the Socialists and Social Democrats and
represents less than half of unionized labor
Government
Long-form name: Portuguese Republic
Type: republic
Capital: Lisbon
Administrative divisions: 18 districts (distritos, singular--distrito) and 2
autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular--regiao autonoma); Acores*,
Aveiro, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda,
Leiria, Lisboa, Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do
Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
Dependent area: Macau (scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of
China in 1999)
Independence: 1140; independent republic proclaimed 5 October 1910
Constitution: 25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982; new discussions on
constitutional revision began October 1987
Legal system: civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the
constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with
reservations
National holiday: Day of Portugal, 10 June
Executive branch: president, Council of State, prime minister, deputy prime
minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da
Republica)
Judicial branch: Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Supremo Tribunal de Justica)
Leaders: Chief of State--President Dr. Mario Alberto Nobre Lopes SOARES (since
9 March 1986);
Head of Government--Prime Minister Anibal CAVACO SILVA (since 6 November
1985); Deputy Prime Minister (vacant)
Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic Party (PSD), Anibal Cavaco
Silva; Portuguese Socialist Party (PS), Jorge Sampaio; Party of Democratic
Renewal (PRD), Herminio Martinho; Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), Alvaro
Cunhal; Social Democratic Center (CDS), Diogo Freitas do Amaral
Suffrage: universal at age 18
Elections: President--last held 16 February 1986 (next to be held January
1991); results--Dr. Mario Lopes Soares 51.3%, Prof. Diogo Freitas do Amal
48.7%;
Assembly of the Republic--last held 19 July 1987 (next to be held July 1991);
results--Social Democrats 59.2%, Socialists 24.0%, Communists (in a front
coalition) 12.4%, Democratic Renewal 2.8%, Center Democrats 1.6%; seats--(250
total) Social Democrats 148, Socialists 60, Communists (in a front coalition)
31 seats, Democratic Renewal 7, Center Democrats 4
Communists: Portuguese Communist Party claims membership of 200,753 (December
1983)
Member of: CCC, Council of Europe, EC, EFTA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IATP, IBRD,
ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDB--Inter-American Development Bank, IEA, IFAD, IFC,
IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IRC, ISO, ITU,
IWC--International Wheat Council, NATO, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WEU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WSG
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Joao Eduardo M. PEREIRA BASTOS; Chancery
at 2125 Kalorama Road NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 328-8610; there
are Portuguese Consulates General in Boston, New York, and San Francisco, and
Consulates in Los Angeles, Newark (New Jersey), New Bedford (Massachusetts),
and Providence (Rhode Island); US--Ambassador Edward M. ROWELL; Embassy at
Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600 Lisbon (mailing address is APO New York
09678-0002); telephone (351) (1) 726-6600 or 6659, 8670, 8880; there are US
Consulates in Oporto and Ponta Delgada (Azores)
Flag: two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red
(three-fifths) with the Portuguese coat of arms centered on the dividing line
Economy
Overview: During the past four years, the economy has made a sustained
recovery from the severe recession of 1983-85. The economy grew by 4.7% in
1987, 4.1% in 1988, and 3.5% in 1989, largely because of strong domestic
consumption and investment spending. Unemployment has declined for the third
consecutive year, but inflation continues to be about three times the European
Community average. The government is pushing economic restructuring and
privatization measures in anticipation of the 1992 European Community
timetable to form a single large market in Europe.
GDP: $72.1 billion, per capita $6,900; real growth rate 3.5% (1989 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 11.8% (1989 est.)
Unemployment rate: 5.9% (1989 est.)
Budget: revenues $19.0 billion; expenditures $22.2 billion, including capital
expenditures of $3.1 billion (1989 est.)
Exports: $11.0 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--cotton textiles, cork and
cork products, canned fish, wine, timber and timber products, resin,
machinery, appliances; partners--EC 72%, other developed countries 13%, US 6%
Imports: $17.7 billion (c.i.f., 1988); commodities--petroleum, cotton,
foodgrains, industrial machinery, iron and steel, chemicals; partners--EC 67%,
other developed countries 13%, less developed countries 15%, US 4%
External debt: $17.2 billion (1988)
Industrial production: growth rate 5.5% (1988)
Electricity: 6,729,000 kW capacity; 16,000 million kWh produced, 1,530 kWh per
capita (1989)
Industries: textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork; metalworking;
oil refining; chemicals; fish canning; wine; tourism
Agriculture: accounts for 9% of GDP and 20% of labor force; small inefficient
farms; imports more than half of food needs; major crops--grain, potatoes,
olives, grapes; livestock sector--sheep, cattle, goats