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$Unique_ID{COW00987}
$Pretitle{352}
$Title{Cuba
Statistical Profile of Cuba}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{cuba
km
rate
cuban
sugar
na
billion
communist
government
military}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*55100010.aud
Map of Cuba*0098701.scf
Flag of Cuba*0098702.scf
}
Country: Cuba
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Cuba]
[See Flag of Cuba]
Statistical Profile of Cuba
Geography
Total area: 110,860 km2; land area: 110,860 km2
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania
Land boundary: 29.1 km with US Naval Base at Guantanamo;
note--Guantanamo is leased and as such remains part of Cuba
Coastline: 3,735 km
Maritime claims:
Continental shelf: 200 m
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: US Naval Base at Guantanamo is leased to US and only mutual
agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease
Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to
April); rainy season (May to October)
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling plains with rugged hills and mountains
in the southeast
Natural resources: cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt,
timber, silica
Land use: 23% arable land; 6% permanent crops; 23% meadows and pastures;
17% forest and woodland; 31% other; includes 10% irrigated
Environment: averages one hurricane every other year
Note: largest country in Caribbean; 145 km south of Florida
People
Population: 10,450,360 (July 1989), growth rate 0.9% (1989)
Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: - 1 migrant/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 16 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 74 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 1.8 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Cuban(s); adjective--Cuban
Ethnic divisions: 51% mulatto, 37% white, 11% black, 1% Chinese
Religion: at least 85% nominally Roman Catholic before Castro assumed
power
Language: Spanish
Literacy: 98.5%
Labor force: 3,300,000; 30% services and government, 29% industry,
13% agriculture, 11% commerce, 10% construction, 7% transportation and
communications (1987)
Organized labor: Workers Central Union of Cuba (CTC), only labor
federation approved by government; 2,910,000 members; the CTC is an
umbrella organization composed of 17 member unions
Government
Long-form name: Republic of Cuba
Type: Communist state
Capital: Havana
Administrative divisions: 13 provinces (provincias, singular--provincia),
1 city** (ciudad), and 1 municipality* (municipio); Camaguey,
Ciego de Avila, Cienfuegos, Granma, Guantanamo, La Habana**, La Habana,
Holguin, Isla de la Juventud*, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Pinar del Rio,
Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara
Independence: 20 May 1902 (from Spain)
Constitution: 24 February 1976
Legal system: based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of
Communist legal theory; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: Revolution Day, 1 January (1959)
Branches: executive; legislature (National Assembly of the People's
Power); controlled judiciary
Leader:
Chief of State and Head of Government--President Fidel CASTRO Ruz
(since 1 January 1959)
Suffrage: universal but not compulsory over age 16
Elections: National Assembly of the People's Power (indirect election)
every five years; last election held December 1986
Political parties and leaders: Cuban Communist Party (PCC), First
Secretary Fidel Castro Ruz, Second Secretary Raul Castro Ruz
Communists: about 500,000 party members
Member of: CEMA, ECLA, FAO, G-77, GATT, GEPLACEA--Latin America and
Caribbean Sugar Exporters Organization, IADB (nonparticipant), IAEA,
ICAO, IFAD, ICO, IHO, ILO, IMO, IRC, ISO, ITU, IWC--International Wheat
Council, NAM, OAS (nonparticipant), PAHO, Permanent Court of Arbitration,
Postal Union of the Americas and Spain, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU,
WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO
Diplomatic representation: none; protecting power in the US is
Czechoslovakia--Cuban Interests Section; Counselor Ramon SANCHEZ-PARODI;
2630 and 2639 16th Street NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202) 797-8518 or
8519, 8520, 8609, 8610;
US--protecting power in Cuba is Switzerland--US Interests Section;
Principal Officer John J. TAYLOR; Calzada entre L y M, Vedado Seccion, Havana;
telephone 320551 or 320543
Flag: five equal horizontal bands of blue (top and bottom) alternating
with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white
five-pointed star in the center
Economy
Overview: The economy is centrally planned and largely state owned and is
highly dependent on the agricultural sector. Sugar provides about 75% of export
revenues and is mostly exported to the USSR and other CEMA countries under
long-term agreements. Citrus production, also aimed at the export market, had by
1987 risen nearly four-fold from its 1980 level. Over the past decade the
fishing industry has expanded, reaching a record catch of 245,000 tons in 1986.
Fish exports are sold in hard currency markets. Cuba has about one-tenth of the
world's known nickel reserves, nickel being its second-largest export earner
after sugar. In 1987 industrial sector output declined by 3.7%. Economic growth
has been sluggish with overall productivity falling 3.5% in 1987. Cuba continues
to have difficulty in servicing its foreign debt and since 1982 has asked
Western creditors to reschedule payments on both short- and long-term loans.
GNP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate 2.3% (1988 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
Unemployment: 7% (1988)
Budget: revenues $11.3 billion; expenditures $11.8 billion, including capi
tal
expenditures of $NA (1987)
Exports: $5.4 billion (f.o.b., 1987);
commodities--sugar, nickel, shellfish, citrus, tobacco, coffee;
partners--USSR 72%, other Communist countries 15%
Imports: $7.6 billion (c.i.f., 1987);
commodities--capital goods, industrial raw materials, food, petroleum;
partners--USSR 72%, other Communist countries 14% (1987)
External debt: $6.2 billion (convertible currency, March 1988
est.)
Industrial production: 3% (1988)
Electricity: 3,991,000 kW capacity; 15,972 million kWh produced,
1,540 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: sugar milling, petroleum refining, food and tobacco
processing, textiles, chemicals, paper and wood products, metals
(particularly nickel), cement, fertilizers, consumer goods, agricultural
machinery
Agriculture: sugar, tobacco, rice, potatoes, tubers, citrus, coffee
Aid: NA
Currency: Cuban peso (plural--pesos); 1 Cuban peso (Cu$) = 100
centavos
Exchange rates: Cuban pesos (Cu$) per US$1--1.0000; linked to the US$
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Railroads: 14,925 km total; Cuban National Railways operates 5,295 km of
1.435-meter gauge track; 199 km electrified; 9,630 km of sugar plantation
lines of 0.914-1.435-meter gauge
Highways: about 21,000 km total; 9,000 km paved, 12,000 km gravel and
earth surfaced
Inland waterways: 240 km
Ports: Cienfuegos, Havana, Mariel, Matanzas, Santiago de Cuba;
7 secondary, 35 minor
Merchant marine: 89 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 679,207 GRT/976,408
DWT; includes 58 cargo, 7 refrigerated cargo, 3 cargo/training, 10 petroleum,
oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 chemical tanker, 2 liquefied gas, 8 bulk;
note--Cuba beneficially owns an additional 23 ships (1,000 GRT and over)
totaling 199,213 DWT under the registry of Panama and Malta
Civil air: 59 major transport aircraft
Airports: 197 total, 171 usable; 69 with permanent-surface runways;
2 with runways over 3,659 m; 13 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 18 with runways
1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: stations--150 AM, 5 FM, 58 TV; 1,530,000 TV sets;
2