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$Unique_ID{COW00668}
$Pretitle{250}
$Title{Cambodia
Statistical Profile of Cambodia}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
na
rate
vietnam
national
prk
government
kampuchea
land
million}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*53100010.aud
Map of Cambodia*0066801.scf
Flag of Cambodia*0066802.scf
}
Country: Cambodia
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Cambodia]
[See Flag of Cambodia]
Statistical Profile of Cambodia
Geography
Total area: 181,040 km2; land area: 176,520 km2
Comparative area: slightly smaller than Oklahoma
Land boundaries: 2,572 km total; Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km,
Vietnam 1,228 km
Coastline: 443 km
Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: three short sections of the boundary with Vietnam are in
dispute; occupied by Vietnam on 25 December 1978
Climate: tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to October); dry season
(December to March); little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain: mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Natural resources: timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese,
phosphates, hydropower potential
Land use: 16% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 3% meadows and pastures;
76% forest and woodland; 4% other; includes 1% irrigated
Environment: a land of paddies and forests dominated by Mekong River
and Tonle Sap
Note: buffer between Thailand and Vietnam
People
Population: 6,838,033 (July 1989), growth rate 2.2% (1989)
Birth rate: 39 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 17 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 131 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 47 years male, 50 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 4.6 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Cambodian(s); adjective--Cambodian
Ethnic divisions: 90 Khmer (Cambodian), 5 Chinese, 5 other minorities
Religion: 95 Theravada Buddhism, 5 other
Language: Khmer (official), French
Literacy: 48
Labor force: 3,300,000; 74% agriculture, 19% services, 7% industry (1980)
Organized labor: Kampuchea Federation of Trade Unions (FSC); under
government control
Government
Long-form name: none
Type: disputed
Capital: Phnom Penh
Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (khet, singular and plural) and
1 autonomous municipality* (rottatheanei, singular and plural);
Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe,
Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Kracheh,
Mondol Kiri, Phnum Penh*, Pouthisat, Preah Vihear,
Prey Veng, Rotanokiri, Siemreab-Otdar Meanchey,
Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev; note--there may be a new province of
Banteay Meanchey and Siemreab-Otdar Meanchey may have been
divided into two provinces named Siemreab and Otdar Meanchey
Independence: 9 November 1953 (from France)
Constitution: 27 June 1981
National holidays: DK Independence Day, 17 April (1975);
PRK Liberation Day, 7 January (1979)
Branches: PRK--unicameral legislature (National Assembly);
highest authority of the land is technically the Council of State,
whose chairman serves as the country's president; Council of Ministers
oversees implementation of party policies--chairman is equivalent of
premier
Leaders:
Chief of State PRK--Chairman of the Council of State HENG SAMRIN
(since 27 June 1981); CGDK--President Prince NORODOM SIHANOUK (since
NA July 1982);
Head of Government--PRK Chairman of the Council of Ministers
HUN SEN (since 14 January 1985); CGDK--Prime Minister SON SANN (since NA July
1982); Vice President in Charge of Foreign Affairs KHIEU SAMPHAN (since NA
July 1982)
Suffrage: none
Elections: none
Political parties and leaders: PRK--Kampuchean People's Revolutionary
Party, the Communist party installed by Vietnam in 1979; CGDK--an umbrella
organization for three resistance groups, including Democratic Kampuchea
under Khieu Samphan, Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) under Son
Sann, and National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and
Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) under Prince Norodom Sihanouk
Member of: ADB, Colombo Plan, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, IDA, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, IRC, ITU, Mekong Committee
(inactive), NAM, UN, UNE SCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO for CGDK; none for PRK
Diplomatic representation: none
Flag:
Democratic Kampuchea--red with the yellow silhouette of a stylized
three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat in the center;
Noncommunists--three horizontal bands of blue, red (double width),
and blue with a white stylized temple representing Angkor Wat centered on
the red band;
People's Republic of Kampuchea--red with the yellow silhouette of a
stylized five-towered temple representing Angkor Wat in the center
Economy
Overview: The economy is based on agriculture and related industries.
Over the past decade Cambodia has been slowly recovering from its
near destruction by war and political upheaval. It still remains,
however, one of the world's poorest countries, with an estimated per capita GDP
of under $100. The food situation is precarious; during the 1980s famine has
been averted only through international relief. In 1986 the production level
of rice, the staple food crop, was able to meet only 80 of domestic needs. The
biggest success of the nation's recovery program has been in new rubber
plantings and in fishing. In 1985 small quantities of rubber were exported, and
the fish catch came to 65,000 tons. Industry, other than rice processing,
is almost nonexistent. Foreign trade is primarily with the USSR and Vietnam.
Statistical data on the economy continues to be sparse and unreliable.
GDP: $570 million, per capita $90; real growth rate NA (1984)
Unemployment rate: NA
Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of
$NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA
Exports: $3 million (f.o.b., 1986);
commodities--natural rubber, rice, pepper, wood;
partners--Vietnam, USSR, Eastern Europe, Japan, India
Imports: $17 million (c.i.f., 1986);
commodities--international food aid; fuels, consumer goods;
partners--Vietnam, USSR, Eastern Europe, Japan, India
External debt: $NA
Industrial production: growth rate NA
Electricity: 125,000 kW capacity; 143 million kWh produced,
21 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber,
cement
Agriculture: mainly subsistence farming except for rubber plantations;
main crops--rice, rubber, corn; food shortages--rice, meat, vegetables, dairy
products, sugar, flour
Aid: US commitments (FY1970-85), $715 million; Western (non-US) countries
(1970-85), $270 million
Currency: riel (plural--riels); 1 riel (CR) = 100 sen
Exchange rates: riels (CR) per US$1--100.00 (1987), 30.00 (1986),
7.00 (1985)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Railroads: 612 km 1.000-meter gauge, government owned
Highways: 13,351 km total; 2,622 km bituminous; 7,105 km crushed stone,
gravel, or improved earth; 3,624 km unimproved earth; some roads in disrepair
Inland waterways: 3,700 km navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6
meters; 282 km navigable to craft drawing 1.8 meters
Ports: Kompong Som, Phnom Penh
Airports: 25% total, 12% usable; 7% with permanent-surface runways;
2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 6 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Telecommunications: service barely adequate for government requirements
and virtually nonexistent for general public; international service limited to
Vietnam and other adjacent countries; stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV
Defense Forces
Branches: PRK--People's Republic of Kampuchea Armed Forces;
resistance forces are the National Army of Democratic Kampuchea (Khmer Rouge),
Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces, and S