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- ASCIICOD.TXT
-
- By Aaron Priven
-
- This is a little text file for all of the novices out there like myself
- who have wandered in on the world of computing eager for knowledge but
- who have found very little. This is a table of the ASCII codes.
- "What? you ask? The ASCII codes? Why that's easy. 32 is space, and 33 is
- the exclamation point, and 34 is the double quote..." All true, except that
- the code starts at 0. Well, I imagine that all of you have heard of "NUL"s
- or null characters, and probably "NAK"s (which are used in Xmodem Checksum
- protocol) but what are the other mysterious codes between 0 and 32?
-
- Well, friends, this is your opportunity to find out. Because I am going to
- tell you. Now don't get the idea that I have been in the computer business
- since 1956 and was on the committee that invented the ASCII codes. I wasn't
- born till 15 years after that and I got interested in computers two years ago.
- I simply stumbled on this very interesting table in the VisiFile manual
- (a very bad program marketed by the late lamented VisiCorp that came with my
- computer) that not only included the number and two- or three-letter
- mnemonic (a fancy "computerish" word for name) but what the codes were
- actually intended to do! (Yes, it sounds too good to be true.) So I decided
- to gift you all with this table.
-
- Oh, if you think this is stealing their manual material, for one thing
- the ASCII codes are far from copyrighted. And VisiCorp is but a small part of
- data in the computer-industry's (read-only?) memory.
-
- And heeeeeeeere's Tabley:
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- CODE NUMBER MNEMONIC WHAT THE HECK IT DOES
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 00 NUL Null character (nothing)
- 01 SOH Start heading
- 02 STX Start of text
- 03 ETX End of text
- 04 EOT End transmission
- 05 ENQ Enquiry
- 06 ACK Acknowledge (We heard you and yes.) See NAK
- 07 BEL Bell (BEEEEEEP!)
- 08 BS Backspace
- 09 HT Horizontal tab
- 10 LF Line feed
- 11 VT Vertical tab
- 12 FF Form feed (clear screen)
- 13 CR Carriage return (enter)
- 14 SO Shift-out
- 15 SI Shift-in
- 16 DLE Data link escape (I don't know what this is either)
- 17 DC1 Device control #1(maybe they ran out of things to do?)
- 18 DC2 Device control #2
- 19 DC3 Device control #3
- 20 DC4 Device control #4
- 21 NAK Negative acknowledge (We heard you, but no.) See ACK
- 22 SYN Synchronous idle (let's sit around doing nothing)
- 23 ETB End transmission blocks (whatever that means)
- 24 CAN Cancel (Whoa, Nellie!)
- 25 EM End medium (kill that conjurer!)
- 26 SS Special sequence
- 27 ESC Escape
- 28 FS File separator
- 29 GS Group separator
- 30 RS Record separator
- 31 US Unit separator
- 32-126 -- Normal characters --
- 127 DEL Delete
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- The parts in parentheses are my own little comments, or explanations.
- I still don't know what some of them (the codes) mean. The other thing one
- must remember is that these were originally for teletypes and not computers,
- so that way "Synchronous idle" and the "Acknowledge" family make more sense.
- SYN means that someone doesn't want to do anything just yet. ACK and NAK are
- in response to a question. ACK means "Yes, we heard you, and the answer is
- yes." NAK means "Yes, we heard you, but the answer is no." Presumably if the
- questioner recieves anything else then the questioner means "What?"
- Other ones that make sense to me but might not to other people: ENQ was
- more than likely the thing people sent when they wanted an ACK or NAK.
- BEL is a bell because electronic speakers on teletypes were not common.
- VT probably meant "Go to the next vertical tab row" just as a normal
- tab means "Go to the next tab column." FF means to go to the next page;
- because there are no pages on a video screen it is interpreted to mean
- "Clear the screen." I'm not sure what SI and SO are supposed to do. I
- doubt if people would have bothered with other typefaces or compressed
- type on the old teletypes. DCx probably means they had four characters
- to fill so they put in something meaningless like "Device controls."
- "End medium" is a complete mystery to me. SS is of course for codes
- relating to things they hadn't thought of at the ASCII committee.
- FS,RS,US,and GS I should think would be for a database, but they
- didn't put databases on teletypes did they? And why they made DEL all
- the way back in the end when they could have just eliminated DC4 or something
- is beyond me.
-
-
- Aaron Priven
-
- If you like this text file, please send 10 cents to the above address.
-
- Aaron Priven
- 540 Sylvan Avenue
- San Mateo, CA 94403-3214
- U.S.A.
-
- Foriegn currency accepted!
- e address.
-