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- EUROPE, Page 52Are 747s Safe to Fly?
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- Boeing's famous jumbo jet, the 747, has been
- the king of the skies since it went into commercial service in
- 1970. More than 900 of its four models still form the vanguard
- of long-range airline fleets around the world. The 747 has
- enjoyed an outstanding safety record: only 11 have crashed in
- 22 years.
-
- In the past 10 months, however, two 747 cargo planes,
- model 200, have gone down in alarmingly similar circumstances.
- A China Airlines plane lost both its starboard engines shortly
- after takeoff from Taipei last December. Over Amsterdam last
- week, the engines on the El Al cargo flight's right wing also
- dropped off.
-
- Though investigators do not know for certain what caused
- either of these crashes, they suspect that the steel pins that
- attach the engines to the wing may have failed. Even before the
- China Airlines accident, Boeing was concerned about wear and
- tear on the so-called fuse pins, 4-in.-long cylinders of
- machined steel designed to hold each engine securely under the
- wing. Each enhas four pins. Up to a year ago, airlines had found
- deterioration in seven pins. Since then, eight more weakened
- pins have been discovered. The problem seems to begin with
- pitting and corrosion that, as it worsens, weakens the metal pin
- and causes cracks.
-
- None of those 15 damaged pins have caused an accident, but
- their discovery prompted Boeing to call a meeting to discuss
- fuse-pin inspection with airlines using 747s and the Federal
- Aviation Administration. Boeing told officials of large and
- small airlines about the problem at a meeting of the Air
- Transport Association of America in Seattle last month. "We gave
- the operators some history of the problem and how the
- inspections should be made," says Boeing spokesman Christopher
- Villiers.
-
- After last week's crash, Boeing issued a service bulletin
- on 747 models 100, 200 and 300 carrying Pratt & Whitney or
- Rolls-Royce engines, both of which use the fuse-pin assembly
- being investigated. The company said it had not located any of
- the pins from either crash but had still "decided it was prudent
- to request an inspection." The FAA followed up with a mandatory
- directive to airlines worldwide requiring them to inspect the
- pins. The order does not cover the newest 747, model 400, which
- uses a different engine-attachment system.
-
- Despite the logical suspicion that fuse pins may have
- failed in the two recent crashes, no one is calling the mainstay
- of international air transportation, the 747, unsafe. The plane
- has flown billions of problem-free passenger-miles. Indeed, when
- the U.S. Air Force and White House security officers
- painstakingly checked airplane safety records before selecting
- the new presidential carrier, Air Force One, they settled on the
- 747-200.
-
- By Bruce W. Nelan. Reported by Jerry Hannifin/Washington
- and Edwin M. Reingold/Los Angeles
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