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- REVIEWS, Page 65BOOKSThe Last Communist
-
-
- By CATHY BOOTH
-
- TITLE: CASTRO'S FINAL HOUR: THE SECRET STORY BEHIND THE
- COMING DOWNFALL OF COMMUNIST CUBA
- AUTHOR: Andres Oppenheimer
- PUBLISHER: Simon & Schuster; 461 pages; $25
-
- THE BOTTOM LINE: This well-reported, entertaining read
- shows, despite the title, why Fidel remains in power.
-
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- Reporting from a paranoia-mad communist country has never
- been easy, and these days Cuba is a more difficult assignment
- than ever. Most journalists do the prescribed, unenlightening
- rounds of officialdom in Havana, sneak off to see a few
- dissidents, then interview cab drivers or disgruntled locals in
- food lines. Honesty is like bread -- a commodity on rations.
- Oppenheimer, a Pulitzer-prizewinning correspondent for the Miami
- Herald, found a way around this difficulty: he carried letters
- from Cubans in Miami to relatives on the island, thus gaining
- their trust. As a result, he captures a truer, if sadder,
- portrait of Cuba today.
-
- His tale of a nation of "zombies" waiting for change makes
- it hard to gloat over the fall of communism. What he found was a
- Cuba that still respects Fidel as a well-intentioned
- grandfather who tried to bring equal rights, education and
- health to the island but is now behind the times. Oppenheimer
- was exhaustive in his research, which spanned two years,
- including five months on the hermetic island. He interviewed 500
- people, from Castro's own disaffected daughter Alina to Cuba's
- "yummies" (young upwardly mobile Marxists). Especially telling
- is the contrast between Che Guevara's eldest grandchild, Canek,
- a vocally unhappy heavy-metal rock fan, and Armando Hart, the
- Minister of Culture, who protests "I am a hard-liner!" when
- complimented for being an open-minded member of Fidel's circle.
-
- Oppenheimer, who somehow obtained secret Communist Party
- documents, reveals how close reformers came to approving a plan
- to ease Fidel into a Prime Minister's job and ease out socialism
- at the October 1991 Party Congress. His reporting is solid and
- engrossing, especially on the Ochoa-De La Guardia drug scandal
- and Cuba's involvement with Panama's now deposed Manuel
- Noriega. Oppenheimer claims that Cuba was set to begin running
- Panama's intelligence apparatus just before the 1989 U.S.
- invasion. He also deals with Cuba's silent issue, the black
- majority who are not eager to see the white exiles of Miami
- return. Though he adds few fresh observations, he offers a
- detailed description of the business ties of President Bush's
- son Jeb to the Cuban exiles in Miami and of Jeb's influence on
- U.S. policy toward the island.
-
- There are funny passages (about the made-at-home shampoo
- that attracts flies) as well as depressing ones (Ping-Pong
- paddles used for oars by desperate rafters fleeing to Miami).
- The author's encounter with the grouchy Cuban TV chef Nitza
- Villapol, who teaches a country without food how to cook, is
- deliciously absurd. Oppenheimer adroitly picks up nuances: for
- example, how in a country with no food, everybody's main concern
- seems to be getting deodorant and toothpaste. From Jose, a
- welder in Cienfuegos, he learns the sign language used when
- discussing the forbidden subject of Fidel: an imaginary beard
- drawn with the hands from the chin.
-
- What is missing from the book is Fidel. As in real life,
- he pulls the strings offstage, but he is rarely glimpsed up
- close. He appears for gloomy late-night ruminations with author
- Gabriel Garcia Marquez at a protocol house outside Havana and
- in a visit with children ages 6 to 14 where he drones on for
- three hours about the dialectics of Che. In the end, Oppenheimer
- doesn't make a convincing argument that Fidel is in his "final
- hour." His reporting, in fact, illustrates precisely how Castro
- remains in power: through a combination of personality, national
- pride and paralyzing fear.
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