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- THE WEEK, Page 21HEALTH & SCIENCEWhat Next? Polyester Plants?
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- Researchers develop a hybrid that yields biodegradable plastic
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- The great thing about plastic is that it is cheap and it
- lasts forever. Unfortunately, as an inventory of any trash heap
- reveals, those are also its bad qualities. Scientists have spent
- more than a decade developing biodegradable polymers, but so
- far they have proved 10 times as expensive to produce as
- petroleum-based versions. Last week researchers at Michigan
- State University in East Lansing and James Madison University
- in Harrisonburg, Va., announced that for the first time, they
- have coaxed the production of a biodegradable plastic from a
- very inexpensive source: green plants.
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- In their study, which was reported in the research journal
- Science, Michigan's Yves Poirier and his colleagues capitalized
- on the environmental know-how of a select group of bacteria. In
- much the same way that humans store excess nutrients as fat,
- these germs turn sugar into the plastic molecule
- polyhydroxybutyrate, or PHB. They can also digest the polymer,
- which means it is biodegradable.
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- The researchers transplanted the gene for PHB from the
- bacteria into relatives of the mustard plant. Using energy from
- the sun and carbon dioxide from the air, the plants manufactured
- significant amounts of phb. Unfortunately, the process also
- stunted their growth. But eventually, Poirier expects,
- scientists will learn how to regulate the hybridization
- procedure well enough to keep these plastic producers healthy,
- and perhaps one day alleviate guilt over discarded bottles and
- wrappers.
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