Fresh Fish 8/FreshFishVol8-CD1.bin/gnu/src/baseline/jove-4.14.6.lha/jove-4.14.6/doc/jove.1

Text File | 1992-01-10 | 41KB | 1,168 lines

.\" ditroff -ms
.de IQ
\\fI\\$1\\fP
..
.de dc
.NH 2
\\$1
.if '\\$2'(variable)' (variable)
.if !'\\$2'(variable)' (\\$2)
.LP
..
.nr LL 6.5i
.nr LT 6.5i
.EH 'USD:17-%''JOVE Manual for UNIX Users'
.OH 'JOVE Manual for UNIX Users''USD:17-%'
.LP
.TL
JOVE Manual for UNIX Users
.AU
Jonathan Payne
(revised for 4.3BSD by Doug Kingston and Mark Seiden)
.AI
.AB no
.AE
.NH 1
Introduction
.XS \n(PN
\*(SN Introduction
.XE
.LP
\s-2JOVE\s0*
.FS
*\s-2JOVE\s0 stands for Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs.
.FE
is an advanced, self-documenting, customizable real-time display editor.
It (and this tutorial introduction) are based on the original EMACS
editor and user manual written at M.I.T. by Richard Stallman+.
.FS
+Although \s-2JOVE\s0 is meant to be compatible with EMACS,
and indeed many of the basic commands are very similar,
there are some major differences between the two editors,
and you should not rely on their behaving identically.
.FE
.LP
\s-2JOVE\s0 is considered a
.I display
editor because normally the text being
edited is visible on the screen and is updated automatically as you
type your commands.
.LP
It's considered a
.I real-time
editor because the display is updated very
frequently, usually after each character or pair of characters you type.
This minimizes the amount of information you must keep in your
head as you edit.
.LP
\s-2JOVE\s0 is
.I advanced
because it provides facilities that go beyond
simple insertion and deletion:
filling of text;
automatic indentations of programs;
view more than one file at once;
and dealing in terms of characters, words, lines, sentences and paragraphs.
It is much easier
to type one command meaning "go to the end of the paragraph" than to
find the desired spot with repetition of simpler commands.
.LP
.I Self-documenting
means that at almost any time you can easily
find out what a command does,
or to find all the commands that pertain to a topic.
.LP
.I Customizable
means that you can change the definition of \s-2JOVE\s0 commands
in little ways.
For example, you can rearrange the command set;
if you prefer to use arrow keys for the four basic cursor motion commands
(up, down, left and right), you can.
Another sort of customization is
writing new commands by combining built in commands.
.NH 1
The Organization of the Screen
.XS \n(PN
\*(SN The Organization of the Screen
.XE
.LP
\s-2JOVE\s0 divides the screen up into several sections.
The biggest of these sections is used to display the text you are editing.
The terminal's cursor shows the position of \fIpoint\fP,
the location at which editing takes place.
While the cursor appears to point \fIat\fP a character,
point should be thought of as between characters;
it points \fIbefore\fP the character that the cursor appears on top of.
Terminals have only one cursor,
and when output is in progress it must appear where the typing is being done.
This doesn't mean that point is moving;
it is only that \s-2JOVE\s0 has no way of
showing you the location of point except when the terminal is idle.
.LP
The lines of the screen are usually available for displaying text but
sometimes are pre-empted by typeout from certain commands (such as a
listing of all the editor commands).
Most of the time,
output from commands like these is only desired for a short period of time,
usually just long enough to glance at it.
When you have finished looking at the output,
you can type Space to make your text reappear.
(Usually a Space that you type inserts itself, but when there is typeout on
the screen, it does nothing but get rid of that).
Any other command executes normally,
.I after
redrawing your text.
.NH 2
The Message Line
.XS \n(PN 5n
\*(SN The Message Line
.XE
.LP
The bottom line on the screen, called the
\fImessage line\fP,
is reserved for printing messages and for accepting input from the user,
such as filenames or search strings.
When
\s-2JOVE\s0
prompts for input,
the cursor will temporarily appear on the bottom line, waiting for you
to type a string.
When you have finished typing your input, you can
type a Return to send it to \s-2JOVE\s0.
If you change your mind about running the command that is waiting for input,
you can type Control-G to abort,
and you can continue with your editing.
.LP
When \s-2JOVE\s0 is prompting for a filename,
all the usual editing facilities can be used to fix typos and such;
in addition, \s-2JOVE\s0 has the following extra functions:
.IP "^N"
Insert the next filename from the argument list.
.IP "^P"
Insert the previous filename from the argument list.
.IP "^R"
Insert the full pathname of the file in the current buffer.
.LP
Sometimes you will see \fB--more--\fP on the message line.
This happens when typeout from a command is too long to fit in the screen.
It means that if you type a Space the next screenful of typeout will be
printed.
If you are not interested,
typing anything but a Space will cause the rest of the output to be discarded.
Typing C-G will discard the output and print \fIAborted\fP where the \fB--more--\fP was.
Typing any other command will discard the rest of the output and
also execute the command.
.LP
The message line and the list of filenames from the shell command that
invoked \s-2JOVE\s0 are kept in a special buffer called
\fIMinibuf\fP that can be edited like any other buffer.
.NH 2
The Mode Line
.XS \n(PN 5n
\*(SN The Mode Line
.XE
.LP
At the bottom of the screen, but above the message line, is the
\fImode line\fP.  The mode line format looks like this:
.DS I
\fBJOVE (major minor)   Buffer: bufr  "file" *\fP
.DE
\fImajor\fP is the name of the current \fImajor mode\fP.
At any time, \s-2JOVE\s0 can be in only one major mode at a time.
Currently there are only four major modes: \fIFundamental\fP,
\fIText\fP, \fILisp\fP and \fIC\fP.
.LP
\fIminor\fP is a list of the minor modes that are turned on.
\fBAbbrev\fP means that \fIWord Abbrev\fP mode is on;
\fBAI\fP means that \fIAuto Indent\fP mode is on;
\fBFill\fP means that \fIAuto Fill\fP mode is on;
\fBOvrWt\fP means that \fIOver Write\fP mode is on.
\fBDef\fP means that you are in the process of defining a keyboard macro.
This is not really a mode,
but it's useful to be reminded about it.
The meanings of these modes are described later in this document.
.LP
\fIbufr\fP is the name of the currently selected \fIbuffer\fP.
Each buffer has its own name and holds a file being edited;
this is how \s-2JOVE\s0 can hold several files at once.
But at any given time you are editing only one of them,
the \fIselected\fP buffer.
When we speak of what some command does to "the buffer",
we are talking about the currently selected buffer.
Multiple buffers makes it easy to switch around between several files,
and then it is very useful that
the mode line tells you which one you are editing at any time.  (You
will see later that it is possible to divide the
screen into multiple \fIwindows\fP, each showing a different buffer.  If you
do this, there is a mode line beneath each window.)
.LP
\fIfile\fP is the name of the file that you are editing.
This is the default filename for commands that expect a filename as input.
.LP
The asterisk at the end of the mode line means that there are changes in
the buffer that have not been saved in the file.
If the file has not been changed since it was read in or saved,
there is no asterisk.
.NH 1
Command Input Conventions
.XS \n(PN
\*(SN Command Input Conventions
.XE
.LP
.NH 2
Notational Conventions for ASCII Characters
.XS \n(PN 5n
\*(SN Notational Conventions for ASCII Characters
.XE
.LP
In this manual,
"Control" characters
(that is, characters that are typed with the Control key
and some other key at the same time)
are represented by "C-" followed by another character.
Thus,
C-A is the character you get when you type A with the Control key
(sometimes labeled CTRL) down.
Most control characters when present in the \s-2JOVE\s0
buffer are displayed with a caret; thus, ^A for C-A.
DEL (or delete) is displayed as ^?, escape as ^[.
.NH 2
Command and Filename Completion
.XS \n(PN 5n
\*(SN Command and Filename Completion
.XE
.LP
When you are typing the name of a \s-2JOVE\s0 command, you need type only
enough letters to make the name unambiguous.  At any point in the cours