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CPIO(1L) CPIO(1L)
NNAAMMEE
cpio - copy files to and from archives
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
ccppiioo {-o|--create} [-0acvABLV] [-C bytes] [-H format] [-M
message] [-O [[user@]host:]archive] [-F
[[user@]host:]archive] [--file=[[user@]host:]archive]
[--format=format] [--message=message] [--null] [--reset-
access-time] [--verbose] [--dot] [--append] [--block-
size=blocks] [--dereference] [--io-size=bytes] [--help]
[--version] < name-list [> archive]
ccppiioo {-i|--extract} [-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV] [-C bytes] [-E file]
[-H format] [-M message] [-R [user][:.][group]] [-I
[[user@]host:]archive] [-F [[user@]host:]archive]
[--file=[[user@]host:]archive] [--make-directories]
[--nonmatching] [--preserve-modification-time] [--numeric-
uid-gid] [--rename] [--list] [--swap-bytes] [--swap]
[--dot] [--unconditional] [--verbose] [--block-
size=blocks] [--swap-halfwords] [--io-size=bytes] [--pat-
tern-file=file] [--format=format]
[--owner=[user][:.][group]] [--no-preserve-owner] [--mes-
sage=message] [--help] [--version] [pattern...] [<
archive]
ccppiioo {-p|--pass-through} [-0adlmuvLV] [-R
[user][:.][group]] [--null] [--reset-access-time] [--make-
directories] [--link] [--preserve-modification-time]
[--unconditional] [--verbose] [--dot] [--dereference]
[--owner=[user][:.][group]] [--no-preserve-owner] [--help]
[--version] destination-directory < name-list
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
This manual page documents the GNU version of ccppiioo. ccppiioo
copies files into or out of a cpio or tar archive, which
is a file that contains other files plus information about
them, such as their pathname, owner, timestamps, and
access permissions. The archive can be another file on
the disk, a magnetic tape, or a pipe. ccppiioo has three
operating modes.
In copy-out mode, ccppiioo copies files into an archive. It
reads a list of filenames, one per line, on the standard
input, and writes the archive onto the standard output. A
typical way to generate the list of filenames is with the
ffiinndd command; you should give ffiinndd the -depth option to
minimize problems with permissions on directories that are
unwritable or not searchable.
In copy-in mode, ccppiioo copies files out of an archive or
lists the archive contents. It reads the archive from the
standard input. Any non-option command line arguments are
shell globbing patterns; only files in the archive whose
names match one or more of those patterns are copied from
1
CPIO(1L) CPIO(1L)
the archive. Unlike in the shell, an initial `.' in a
filename does match a wildcard at the start of a pattern,
and a `/' in a filename can match wildcards. If no pat-
terns are given, all files are extracted.
In copy-pass mode, ccppiioo copies files from one directory
tree to another, combining the copy-out and copy-in steps
without actually using an archive. It reads the list of
files to copy from the standard input; the directory into
which it will copy them is given as a non-option argument.
ccppiioo supports the following archive formats: binary, old
ASCII, new ASCII, crc, HPUX binary, HPUX old ASCII, old
tar, and POSIX.1 tar. The binary format is obsolete
because it encodes information about the files in a way
that is not portable between different machine architec-
tures. The old ASCII format is portable between different
machine architectures, but should not be used on file sys-
tems with more than 65536 i-nodes. The new ASCII format
is portable between different machine architectures and
can be used on any size file system, but is not supported
by all versions of ccppiioo; currently, it is only supported
by GNU and Unix System V R4. The crc format is like the
new ASCII format, but also contains a checksum for each
file which ccppiioo calculates when creating an archive and
verifies when the file is extracted from the archive. The
HPUX formats are provided for compatibility with HPUX's
cpio which stores device files differently.
The tar format is provided for compatability with the ttaarr
program. It can not be used to archive files with names
longer than 100 characters, and can not be used to archive
"special" (block or character devices) files. The POSIX.1
tar format can not be used to archive files with names
longer than 255 characters (less unless they have a "/" in
just the right place).
By default, ccppiioo creates binary format archives, for com-
patibility with older ccppiioo programs. When extracting from
archives, ccppiioo automatically recognizes which kind of
archive it is reading and can read archives created on
machines with a different byte-order.
Some of the options to ccppiioo apply only to certain operat-
ing modes; see the SYNOPSIS section for a list of which
options are allowed in which modes.
OOPPTTIIOONNSS
_-_0_, _-_-_n_u_l_l
In copy-out and copy-pass modes, read a list of
filenames terminated by a null character instead of
a newline, so that files whose names contain new-
lines can be archived. GNU ffiinndd is one way to pro-
duce a list of null-terminated filenames.
2
CPIO(1L) CPIO(1L)
_-_a_, _-_-_r_e_s_e_t_-_a_c_c_e_s_s_-_t_i_m_e
Reset the access times of files after reading them,
so that it does not look like they have just been
read.
_-_A_, _-_-_a_p_p_e_n_d
Append to an existing archive. Only works in copy-
out mode. The archive must be a disk file speci-
fied with the _-_O or _-_F _(_-_-_f_i_l_e_) option.
_-_b_, _-_-_s_w_a_p
In copy-in mode, swap both halfwords of words and
bytes of halfwords in the data. Equivalent to _-_s_S.
Use this option to convert 32-bit integers between
big-endian and little-endian machines.
_-_B Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially
the block size is 512 bytes.
_-_-_b_l_o_c_k_-_s_i_z_e_=_B_L_O_C_K_-_S_I_Z_E
Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512 bytes.
_-_c Use the old portable (ASCII) archive format.
_-_C _I_O_-_S_I_Z_E_, _-_-_i_o_-_s_i_z_e_=_I_O_-_S_I_Z_E
Set the I/O block size to IO-SIZE bytes.
_-_d_, _-_-_m_a_k_e_-_d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_i_e_s
Create leading directories where needed.
_-_E _F_I_L_E_, _-_-_p_a_t_t_e_r_n_-_f_i_l_e_=_F_I_L_E
In copy-in mode, read additional patterns specify-
ing filenames to extract or list from FILE. The
lines of FILE are treated as if they had been non-
option arguments to ccppiioo.
_-_f_, _-_-_n_o_n_m_a_t_c_h_i_n_g
Only copy files that do not match any of the given