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GNU Info File
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1994-07-11
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950 lines
This is Info file texi.info, produced by Makeinfo-1.55 from the input
file texi.texi.
This file documents Texinfo, a documentation system that uses a
single source file to produce both on-line information and a printed
manual.
Copyright (C) 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation,
This is the second edition of the Texinfo documentation,
and is consistent with version 2 of `texinfo.tex'.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that
the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
permission notice identical to this one.
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
translation approved by the Free Software Foundation.
File: texi.info, Node: Footnotes, Next: Conditionals, Prev: Definition Commands, Up: Top
Footnotes
*********
A "footnote" is for a reference that documents or elucidates the
primary text.(1)
In Texinfo, footnotes are created with the `@footnote' command.
This command is followed immediately by a left brace, then by the text
of the footnote, and then by a terminating right brace. The template
@footnote{TEXT}
Footnotes may be of any length, but are usually short.
For example, this clause is followed by a sample footnote(2); in the
Texinfo source, it looks like this:
...a sample footnote @footnote{Here is the sample
footnote.}; in the Texinfo source...
In a printed manual or book, the reference mark for a footnote is a
small, superscripted number; the text of the footnote is written at the
bottom of the page, below a horizontal line.
In Info, the reference mark for a footnote is a pair of parentheses
with the footnote number between them, like this: `(1)'.
Info has two footnote styles, which determine where the text of the
footnote is located:
* In the `End' node style, all the footnotes for a single node are
placed at the end of that node. The footnotes are separated from
the rest of the node by a line of dashes with the word `Footnotes'
within it. Each footnote begins with an `(N)' reference mark.
Here is an example of a single footnote in the end of node style:
--------- Footnotes ---------
(1) Here is a sample footnote.
* In the `Separate' node style, all the footnotes for a single node
are placed in an automatically constructed node of their own. In
this style, a "footnote reference" follows each `(N)' reference
mark in the body of the node. The footnote reference is actually
a cross reference which you use to reach the footnote node.
The name of the node containing the footnotes is constructed by
appending `-Footnotes' to the name of the node that contains the
footnotes. (Consequently, the footnotes' node for the `Footnotes'
node is `Footnotes-Footnotes'!) The footnotes' node has an `Up'
node pointer that leads back to its parent node.
Here is how the first footnote in this manual looks after being
formatted for Info in the separate node style:
File: texinfo.info Node: Overview-Footnotes, Up: Overview
(1) Note that the first syllable of "Texinfo" is
pronounced like "speck", not "hex". ...
A Texinfo file may be formatted into an Info file with either
footnote style.
Use the `@footnotestyle' command to specify an Info file's footnote
style. Write this command at the beginning of a line followed by an
argument, either `end' for the end node style or `separate' for the
separate node style.
For example,
@footnotestyle end
@footnotestyle separate
Write an `@footnotestyle' command before or shortly after the
end-of-header line at the beginning of a Texinfo file. (If you include
the `@footnotestyle' command between the start-of-header and
end-of-header lines, the region formatting commands will format
footnotes as specified.)
If you do not specify a footnote style, the formatting commands use
their default style. Currently, `makeinfo' uses the `end' style, while
`texinfo-format-buffer' and `texinfo-format-region' use the `separate'
style.
This chapter contains two footnotes.
---------- Footnotes ----------
(1) A footnote should complement or expand upon the primary text,
but a reader should not need to read a footnote to understand the
primary text. For a thorough discussion of footnotes, see `The Chicago
Manual of Style', which is published by the University of Chicago Press.
(2) Here is the sample footnote.
File: texi.info, Node: Conditionals, Next: Format/Print Hardcopy, Prev: Footnotes, Up: Top
Conditionally Visible Text
**************************
Sometimes it is good to use different text for a printed manual and
its corresponding Info file. In this case, you can use the
"conditional commands" to specify which text is for the printed manual
and which is for the Info file.
* Menu:
* Conditional Commands:: How to specify text for Info or TeX.
* Using Ordinary TeX Commands:: You can use any and all TeX commands.
* set clear value:: How to designate which text to format (for
both Info and TeX); and how to set a
flag to a string that you can insert.
File: texi.info, Node: Conditional Commands, Next: Using Ordinary TeX Commands, Up: Conditionals
Using `@ifinfo' and `@iftex'
============================
`@ifinfo' begins segments of text that should be ignored by TeX when
it typesets the printed manual. The segment of text appears only in
the Info file. The `@ifinfo' command should appear on a line by
itself; end the Info-only text with a line containing `@end ifinfo' by
itself. At the beginning of a Texinfo file, the Info permissions are
contained within a region marked by `@ifinfo' and `@end ifinfo'. (*Note
Info Summary and Permissions::.)
The `@iftex' and `@end iftex' commands are similar to the `@ifinfo'
and `@end ifinfo' commands, except that they specify text that will
appear in the printed manual but not in the Info file.
For example,
@iftex
This text will appear only in the printed manual.
@end iftex
@ifinfo
However, this text will appear only in Info.
@end ifinfo
The preceding example produces the following line:
However, this text will appear only in Info.
Note how you only see one of the two lines, depending on whether you
are reading the Info version or the printed version of this manual.
The `@titlepage' command is a special variant of `@iftex' that is
used for making the title and copyright pages of the printed manual.
(*Note `@titlepage': titlepage.)
File: texi.info, Node: Using Ordinary TeX Commands, Next: set clear value, Prev: Conditional Commands, Up: Conditionals
Using Ordinary TeX Commands
===========================
Inside a region delineated by `@iftex' and `@end iftex', you can
embed some PlainTeX commands. Info will ignore these commands since
they are only in that part of the file which is seen by TeX. You can
write the TeX commands as you would write them in a normal TeX file,
except that you must replace the `\' used by TeX with an `@'. For
example, in the `@titlepage' section of a Texinfo file, you can use the
TeX command `@vskip' to format the copyright page. (The `@titlepage'
command causes Info to ignore the region automatically, as it does with
the `@iftex' command.)
However, many features of PlainTeX will not work, as they are
overridden by features of Texinfo.
You can enter PlainTeX completely, and use `\' in the TeX commands,
by delineating a region with the `@tex' and `@end tex' commands. (The
`@tex' command also causes Info to ignore the region, like the `@iftex'
command.)
For example, here is a mathematical expression written in Pl