BibleWare/BibWare.bin/bibref/mhc.exe/LU.TXT

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** This evangelist is generally supposed to have been a
physician, and a companion of the apostle Paul. The style of his
writings, and his acquaintance with the Jewish rites and usages,
sufficiently show that he was a Jew, while his knowledge of the
Greek language and his name, speak his Gentile origin. He is
first mentioned #Ac 16:10,11|, as with Paul at Troas, whence he
attended him to Jerusalem, and was with him in his voyage, and
in his imprisonment at Rome. This Gospel appears to be designed
to supersede many defective and unauthentic narratives in
circulation, and to give a genuine and inspired account of the
life, miracles, and doctrines of our Lord, learned from those
who heard and witnessed his discourses and miracles.

* The Preface. (1-4) Zacharias and Elisabeth. (5-25) Christ's
birth announced. (26-38) Interview of Mary and Elisabeth.
(39-56) The birth of John the Baptist. (57-66) The song of
Zacharias. (67-80)

#1-4. Luke will not write of things about which Christians may
safely differ from one another, and hesitate within themselves;
but the things which are, and ought to be surely believed. The
doctrine of Christ is what the wisest and best of men have
ventured their souls upon with confidence and satisfaction. And
the great events whereon our hopes depend, have been recorded by
those who were from the beginning eye-witnesses and ministers of
the word, and who were perfected in their understanding of them
through Divine inspiration.

#5-25 The father and mother of John the Baptist were sinners as
all are, and were justified and saved in the same way as others;
but they were eminent for piety and integrity. They had no
children, and it could not be expected that Elisabeth should
have any in her old age. While Zacharias was burning incense in
the temple, the whole multitude of the people were praying
without. All the prayers we offer up to God, are acceptable and
successful only by Christ's intercession in the temple of God
above. We cannot expect an interest therein if we do not pray,
and pray with our spirits, and are not earnest in prayer. Nor
can we expect that the best of our prayers should gain
acceptance, and bring an answer of peace, but through the
mediation of Christ, who ever lives, making intercession. The
prayers Zacharias often made, received an answer of peace.
Prayers of faith are filed in heaven, and are not forgotten.
Prayers made when we were young and entering into the world, may
be answered when we are old and going out of the world. Mercies
are doubly sweet that are given in answer to prayer. Zacharias
shall have a son in his old age, who shall be instrumental in
the conversion of many souls to God, and preparing them to
receive the gospel of Christ. He shall go before Him with
courage, zeal, holiness, and a mind dead to earthly interests
and pleasures. The disobedient and rebellious would be brought
back to the wisdom of their righteous forefathers, or rather,
brought to attend to the wisdom of that Just One who was coming
among them. Zacharias heard all that the angel said; but his
unbelief spake. In striking him dumb, God dealt justly with him,
because he had objected against God's word. We may admire the
patience of God towards us. God dealt kindly with him, for thus
he prevented his speaking any more distrustful, unbelieving
words. Thus also God confirmed his faith. If by the rebukes we
are under for our sin, we are brought to give the more credit to
the word of God, we have no reason to complain. Even real
believers are apt to dishonour God by unbelief; and their mouths
are stopped in silence and confusion, when otherwise they would
have been praising God with joy and gratitude. In God's gracious
dealings with us we ought to observe his gracious regards to us.
He has looked on us with compassion and favour, and therefore
has thus dealt with us.

#26-38 We have here an account of the mother of our Lord; though
we are not to pray to her, yet we ought to praise God for her.
Christ must be born miraculously. The angel's address means
only, Hail, thou that art the especially chosen and favoured of
the Most High, to attain the honour Jewish mothers have so long
desired. This wondrous salutation and appearance troubled Mary.
The angel then assured her that she had found favour with God,
and would become the mother of a son whose name she should call
Jesus, the Son of the Highest, one in a nature and perfection
with the Lord God. JESUS! the name that refreshes the fainting
spirits of humbled sinners; sweet to speak and sweet to hear,
Jesus, a Saviour! We know not his riches and our own poverty,
therefore we run not to him; we perceive not that we are lost
and perishing, therefore a Saviour is a word of little relish.
Were we convinced of the huge mass of guilt that lies upon us,
and the wrath that hangs over us for it, ready to fall upon us,
it would be our continual thought, Is the Saviour mine? And that
we might find him so, we should trample on all that hinders our
way to him. Mary's reply to the angel was the language of faith
and humble admiration, and she asked no sign for the confirming
her faith. Without controversy, great was the mystery of
godliness, God manifest in the flesh, #1Ti 3:16|. Christ's human
nature must be produced so, as it was fit that should be which
was to be taken into union with the Divine nature. And we must,
as Mary here, guide our desires by the word of God. In all
conflicts, let us remember that with God nothing is impossible;
and as we read and hear his promises, let us turn them into
prayers, Behold the willing servant of the Lord; let it be unto
me according to thy word.

#39-56 It is very good for those who have the work of grace
begun in their souls, to communicate one to another. On Mary's
arrival, Elisabeth was conscious of the approach of her who was
to be the mother of the great Redeemer. At the same time she was
filled with the Holy Ghost, and under his influence declared
that Mary and her expected child were most blessed and happy, as
peculiarly honoured of and dear to the Most High God. Mary,
animated by Elisabeth's address, and being also under the
influence of the Holy Ghost, broke out into joy, admiration, and
gratitude. She knew herself to be a sinner who needed a Saviour,
and that she could no otherwise rejoice in God than as
interested in his salvation through the promised Messiah. Those
who see their need of Christ, and are desirous of righteousness
and life in him, he fills with good things, with the best
things; and they are abundantly satisfied with the blessings he
gives. He will satisfy the desires of the poor in spirit who
long for spiritual blessings, while the self-sufficient shall be
sent empty away.

#57-66 In these verses we have an account of the birth of John
the Baptist, and the great joy among all the relations of the
family. He shall be called Johanan, or "Gracious," because he
shall bring in the gospel of Christ, wherein God's grace shines
most bright. Zacharias recovered his speech. Unbelief closed his
mouth, and believing opened it again: he believers, therefore he
speaks. When God opens our lips, our mouths must show forth his
praise; and better be without speech, than not use it in
praising God. It is said, The hand of the Lord was working with
John. God has ways of working on children in their infancy,
which we cannot account for. We should observe the dealings of
God, and wait the event.

#67-80 Zacharias uttered a prophecy concerning the kingdom and
salvation of the Messiah. The gospel brings light with it; in it
the day dawns. In John the Baptist it began to break, and
increased apace to the perfect day. The gospel is discovering;
it shows that about which we were utterly in the dark; it is to
give light to those that sit in darkness, the light of the
knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. It is
reviving; it brings light to those that sit in the shadow of
death, as condemned prisoners in the dungeon. It is directing;
it is to guide our feet in the way of peace, into that way which
will bring us to peace at last, #Ro 3:17|. John gave proofs of
strong faith, vigorous and holy affections, and of being above
the fear and love of the world. Thus he ripened for usefulness;
but he lived a retired life, till he came forward openly as the
forerunner of the Messiah. Let us follow peace with all men, as
well as seek peace with God and our own consciences. And if it
be the will of God that we live unknown to the world, still let
us diligently seek to grow strong in the grace of Jesus Christ.
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* The birth of Christ. (1-7) It is made known to the shepherds.
(8-20) Christ presented in the temple. (21-24) Simeon prophesies
concerning Jesus. (25-35) Anna prophesies concerning him.
(36-40) Christ with the learned men in the temple. (41-52)

#1-7 The fulness of time was now come, when God would send forth
his Son, made of a woman, and made under the law. The
circumstances of his birth were very mean. Christ was born at an
inn; he came into the world to sojourn here for awhile, as at an
inn, and to teach us to do likewise. We are become by sin like
an outcast infant, helpless and forlorn; and such a one was
Christ. He well knew how unwilling we are to be meanly lodged,
clothed, or fed; how we desire to have our children decorated
and indulged; how apt the poor are to envy the rich, and how
prone the rich to disdain the poor. But when we by faith view
the Son of God being made man and lying in a manger, our vanity,
ambition, and envy are checked. We cannot, with this object
rightly before us, seek great things for ourselves or our
children.

#8-20 Angels were heralds of the new-born Saviour, but they were
only sent to some poor, humble, pious, industrious shepherds,
who were in the business of their calling, keeping watch over
their flock. We are not out of the way of Divine visits, when we
are employed in an honest calling, and abide with God in it. Let
God have the honour of this work; Glory to God in the highest.
God's good-will to men, manifested in sending the Messiah,
redounds to his praise. Other works of God are for his glory,
but the redemption of the world is for his glory in the highest.
God's goodwill in sending the Messiah, brought peace into this
lower world. Peace is here put for all that good which flows to
us from Christ's taking our nature upon him. This is a faithful
saying, attested by an innumerable company of angels, and well
worthy of all acceptation, That the good-will of God toward men,
is glory to God in the highest, and peace on the earth. The
shepherds lost no time, but came with haste to the place. They
were satisfied, and made known abroad concerning this child,
that he was the Saviour, even Christ the Lord. Mary carefully
observed and thought upon all these things, which were so suited
to enliven her holy affections. We should be more delivered from
errors in judgment and practice, did we more fully ponder these
things in our hearts. It is still proclaimed in our ears that to
us is born a Saviour, Christ the Lord. These should be glad
tidings to all.

#21-24 Our Lord Jesus was not born in sin, and did not need that
mortification of a corrupt nature, or that renewal unto
holiness, which were signified by circumcision. This ordinance
was, in his case, a pledge of his future perfect obedience to
the whole law, in the midst of sufferings and temptations, even
unto death for us. At the end of forty days, Mary went up to the
temple to offer the appointed sacrifices for her purification.
Joseph also presented the holy child Jesus, because, as a
first-born son, he was to be presented to the Lord, and redeemed
according to the law. Let us present our children to the Lord
who gave them to us, beseeching him to redeem them from sin and
death, and make them holy to himself.

#25-35 The same Spirit that provided for the support of Simeon's
hope, provided for his joy. Those who would see Christ must go
to his temple. Here is a confession of his faith, that this
Child in his arms was the Saviour, the salvation itself, the
salvation of God's appointing. He bids farewell to this world.
How poor does this world look to one that has Christ in his
arms, and salvation in his view! See here, how comfortable is
the death of a good man; he departs in peace with God, peace
with his own conscience, in peace with death. Those that have
welcomed Christ, may welcome death. Joseph and Mary marvelled at
the things which were spoken of this Child. Simeon shows them
likewise, what reason they had to rejoice with trembling. And
Jesus, his doctrine, and people, are still spoken against; his
truth and holiness are still denied and blasphemed; his preached
word is still the touchstone of men's characters. The secret
good affections in the minds of some, will be revealed by their
embracing Christ; the secret corruptions of others will be
revealed by their enmity to Christ. Men will be judged by the
thoughts of their hearts concerning Christ. He shall be a
suffering Jesus; his mother shall suffer with him, because of
the nearness of her relation and affection.

#36-40 There was much evil then in the church, yet God left not
himself without witness. Anna always dwelt in, or at least
attended at, the temple. She was always in a praying spirit;
gave herself to prayer, and in all things she served God. Those
to whom Christ is made known, have great reason to thank the
Lord. She taught others concerning him. Let the example of the
venerable saints, Simeon and Anna, give courage to those whose
hoary heads are, like theirs, a crown of glory, being found in
the way of righteousness. The lips soon to be silent in the
grave, should be showing forth the praises of the Redeemer. In
all things it became Christ to be made like unto his brethren,
therefore he passed through infancy and childhood as other
children, yet without sin, and with manifest proofs of the
Divine nature in him. By the Spirit of God all his faculties
performed their offices in a manner not seen in any one else.
Other children have foolishness bound in their hearts, which
appears in what they say or do, but he was filled with wisdom,
by the influence of the Holy Ghost; every thing he said and did,
was wisely said and wisely done, above his years. Other children
show the corruption of their nature; nothing but the grace of
God was upon him.

#41-52 It is for the honour of Christ that children should
attend on public worship. His parents did not return till they
had stayed all the seven days of the feast. It is well to stay
to the end of an ordinance, as becomes those who say, It is good
to be here. Those that have lost their comforts in Christ, and
the evidences of their having a part in him, must bethink
themselves where, and when, and how they lost them, and must
turn back again. Those that would recover their lost
acquaintance with Christ, must go to the place in which he has
put his name; there they may hope to meet him. They found him in
some part of the temple, where the doctors of the law kept their
schools; he was sitting there, hearkening to their instructions,
proposing questions, and answering inquiries, with such wisdom,
that those who heard were delighted with him. Young persons
should seek the knowledge of Divine truth, attend the ministry
of the gospel, and ask such questions of their elders and
teachers as may tend to increase their knowledge. Those who seek
Christ in sorrow, shall find him with the greater joy. Know ye
not that I ought to be in my Father's house; at my Father's
work; I must be about my Father's business. Herein is an
example; for it becomes the children of God, in conformity to
Christ, to attend their heavenly Father's business, and make all
other concerns give way to it. Though he was the Son of God, yet
he was subject to his earthly parents; how then will the foolish
and weak sons of men answer it, who are disobedient to their
parents? However we may neglect men's sayings, because they are
obscure, yet we must not think so of God's sayings. That which
at first is dark, may afterwards become plain and easy. The
greatest and wisest, those most eminent, may learn of this
admirable and Divine Child, that it is the truest greatness of
soul to know our own place and office; to deny ourselves
amusements and pleasures not consistent with our state and
calling.
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* John the Baptist's ministry. (1-14) John the Baptist testifies
concerning Christ. (15-20) The baptism of Christ. (21,22) The
genealogy of Christ. (23-38)

#1-14 The scope and design of John's ministry were, to bring the
people from their sins, and to their Saviour. He came preaching,
not a sect, or party, but a profession; the sign or ceremony was
washing with water. By the words here used John preached the
necessity of repentance, in order to the remission of sins, and
that the baptism of water was an outward sign of that inward
cleansing and renewal of heart, which attend, or are the effects
of true repentance, as well as a profession of it. Here is the
fulfilling of the Scriptures, #Isa 40:3|, in the ministry of
John. When way is made for the gospel into the heart, by taking
down high thoughts, and bringing them into obedience to Christ,
by levelling the soul, and removing all that hinders us in the
way of Christ and his grace, then preparation is made to welcome
the salvation of God. Here are general warnings and exhortations
which John gave. The guilty, corrupted race of mankind is become
a generation of vipers; hateful to God, and hating one another.
There is no way of fleeing from the wrath to come, but by
repentance; and by the change of our way the change of our mind
must be shown. If we are not really holy, both in heart and
life, our profession of religion and relation to God and his
church, will stand us in no stead at all; the sorer will our
destruction be, if we do not bring forth fruits meet for
repentance. John the Baptist gave instructions to several sorts
of persons. Those that profess and promise repentance, must show
it by reformation, according to their places and conditions. The
gospel requires mercy, not sacrifice; and its design is, to
engage us to do all the good we can, and to be just to all men.
And the same principle which leads men to forego unjust gain,
leads to restore that which is gained by wrong. John tells the
soldiers their duty. Men should be cautioned against the
temptations of their employments. These answers declared the
present duty of the inquirers, and at once formed a test of
their sincerity. As none can or will accept Christ's salvation
without true repentance, so the evidence and effects of this
repentance are here marked out.

#15-20 John the Baptist disowned being himself the Christ, but
confirmed the people in their expectations of the long-promised
Messiah. He could only exhort them to repent, and assure them of
forgiveness upon repentance; but he could not work repentance in
them, nor confer remission on them. Thus highly does it become
us to speak of Christ, and thus humbly of ourselves. John can do
no more than baptize with water, in token that they ought to
purify and cleanse themselves; but Christ can, and will baptize
with the Holy Ghost; he can give the Spirit, to cleanse and
purify the heart, not only as water washes off the dirt on the
outside, but as fire clears out the dross that is within, and
melts down the metal, that it may be cast into a new mould. John
was an affectionate preacher; he was beseeching; he pressed
things home upon his hearers. He was a practical preacher;
quickening them to their duty, and directing them in it. He was
a popular preacher; he addressed the people, according to their
capacity. He was an evangelical preacher. In all his
exhortations, he directed people to Christ. When we press duty
upon people, we must direct them to Christ, both for
righteousness and strength. He was a copious preacher; he
shunned not to declare the whole counsel of God. But a full stop
was put to John's preaching when he was in the midst of his
usefulness. Herod being reproved by him for many evils, shut up
John in prison. Those who injure the faithful servants of God,
add still greater guilt to their other sins.

#21,22 Christ did not confess sin, as others did, for he had
none to confess; but he prayed, as others did, and kept up
communion with his Father. Observe, all the three voices from
heaven, by which the Father bare witness to the Son, were
pronounced while he was praying, or soon after, #Lu 9:35; Joh
12:28|. The Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove
upon him, and there came a voice from heaven, from God the
Father, from the excellent glory. Thus was a proof of the Holy
Trinity, of the Three Persons in the Godhead, given at the
baptism of Christ.

#23-38 Matthew's list of the forefathers of Jesus showed that
Christ was the son of Abraham, in whom all the families of the
earth are blessed, and heir to the throne of David; but Luke
shows that Jesus was the Seed of the woman that should break the
serpent's head, and traces the line up to Adam, beginning with
Eli, or Heli, the father, not of Joseph, but of Mary. The
seeming differences between the two evangelists in these lists
of names have been removed by learned men. But our salvation
does not depend upon our being able to solve these difficulties,
nor is the Divine authority of the Gospels at all weakened by
them. The list of names ends thus, "Who was the son of Adam, the
son of God;" that is, the offspring of God by creation. Christ
was both the son of Adam and the Son of God, that he might be a
proper Mediator between God and the sons of Adam, and might
bring the sons of Adam to be, through him, the sons of God. All
flesh, as descended from the first Adam, is as grass, and
withers as the flower of the field; but he who partakes of the
Holy Spirit of life from the Second Adam, has that eternal
happiness, which by the gospel is preached unto us.
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* The temptation of Christ. (1-13) Christ in the synagogue of
Nazareth. (14-30) He casts out an unclean spirit and heals the
sick. (31-44)

#1-13 Christ's being led into the wilderness gave an advantage
to the tempter; for there he was alone, none were with him by
whose prayers and advice he might be helped in the hour of
temptation. He who knew his own strength might give Satan
advantage; but we may not, who know our own weakness. Being in
all things made like unto his brethren, Jesus would, like the
other children of God, live in dependence upon the Divine
Providence and promise. The word of God is our sword, and faith
in that word is our shield. God has many ways of providing for
his people, and therefore is at all times to be depended upon in
the way of duty. All Satan's promises are deceitful; and if he
is permitted to have any influence in disposing of the kingdoms
of the world and the glory of them, he uses them as baits to
insnare men to destruction. We should reject at once and with
abhorrence, every opportunity of sinful gain or advancement, as
a price offered for our souls; we should seek riches, honours,
and happiness in the worship and service of God only. Christ
will not worship Satan; nor, when he has the kingdoms of the
world delivered to him by his Father, will he suffer any remains
of the worship of the devil to continue in them. Satan also
tempted Jesus to be his own murderer, by unfitting confidence in
his Father's protection, such as he had no warrant for. Let not
any abuse of Scripture by Satan or by men abate our esteem, or
cause us to abandon its use; but let us study it still, seek to
know it, and seek our defence from it in all kinds of assaults.
Let this word dwell richly in us, for it is our life. Our
victorious Redeemer conquered, not for himself only, but for us
also. The devil ended all the temptation. Christ let him try all
his force, and defeated him. Satan saw it was to no purpose to
attack Christ, who had nothing in him for his fiery darts to
fasten upon. And if we resist the devil, he will flee from us.
Yet he departed but till the season when he was again to be let
loose upon Jesus, not as a tempter, to draw him to sin, and so
to strike at his head, at which he now aimed and was wholly
defeated in; but as a persecutor, to bring Christ to suffer, and
so to bruise his heel, which it was told him, he should have to
do, and would do, though it would be the breaking of his own
head, #Ge 3:15|. Though Satan depart for a season, we shall
never be out of his reach till removed from this present evil
world.

#14-30 Christ taught in their synagogues, their places of public
worship, where they met to read, expound, and apply the word, to
pray and praise. All the gifts and graces of the Spirit were
upon him and on him, without measure. By Christ, sinners may be
loosed from the bonds of guilt, and by his Spirit and grace from
the bondage of corruption. He came by the word of his gospel, to
bring light to those that sat in the dark, and by the power of
his grace, to give sight to those that were blind. And he
preached the acceptable year of the Lord. Let sinners attend to
the Saviour's invitation when liberty is thus proclaimed.
Christ's name was Wonderful; in nothing was he more so than in
the word of his grace, and the power that went along with it. We
may well wonder that he should speak such words of grace to such
graceless wretches as mankind. Some prejudice often furnishes an
objection against the humbling doctrine of the cross; and while
it is the word of God that stirs up men's enmity, they will
blame the conduct or manner of the speaker. The doctrine of
God's sovereignty, his right to do his will, provokes proud men.
They will not seek his favour in his own way; and are angry when
others have the favours they neglect. Still is Jesus rejected by
multitudes who hear the same message from his words. While they
crucify him afresh by their sins, may we honour him as the Son
of God, the Saviour of men, and seek to show we do so by our
obedience.

#31-44 Christ's preaching much affected the people; and a
working power went with it to the consciences of men. These
miracles showed Christ to be a controller and conqueror of
Satan, a healer of diseases. Where Christ gives a new life, in
recovery from sickness, it should be a new life, spent more than
ever in his service, to his glory. Our business should be to
spread abroad Christ's fame in every place, to beseech him in
behalf of those diseased in body or mind, and to use our
influence in bringing sinners to him, that his hands may be laid
upon them for their healing. He cast the devils out of many who
were possessed. We were not sent into this world to live to
ourselves only, but to glorify God, and to do good in our
generation. The people sought him, and came unto him. A desert
is no desert, if we are with Christ there. He will continue with
us, by his word and Spirit, and extend the same blessings to
other nations, till, throughout the earth, the servants and
worshippers of Satan are brought to acknowledge him as the
Christ, the Son of God, and to find redemption through his
blood, even the forgiveness of sins.
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* The miraculous draught of fishes, Peter, James, and John
called. (1-11) A leper cleansed. (12-16) A paralytic cured.
(17-26) Levi called, Christ's answer to the Pharisees. (27-39)

#1-11 When Christ had done preaching, he told Peter to apply to
the business of his calling. Time spent on week days in public
exercises of religion, need be but little hinderance in time,
and may be great furtherance to us in temper of mind, as to our
worldly business. With what cheerfulness may we go about the
duties of our calling, when we have been with God, and thus have
our worldly employments sanctified to us by the word and prayer!
Though they had taken nothing, yet Christ told them to let down
their nets again. We must not abruptly quit our callings because
we have not the success in them we desire. We are likely to
speed well, when we follow the guidance of Christ's word. The
draught of fishes was by a miracle. We must all, like Peter, own
ourselves to be sinful men, therefore Jesus Christ might justly
depart from us. But we must beseech him that he would not
depart; for woe unto us if the Saviour depart from sinners!
Rather let us entreat him to come and dwell in our hearts by
faith, that he may transform and cleanse them. These fishermen
forsook all, and followed Jesus, when their calling prospered.
When riches increase, and we are tempted to set our hearts upon
them, then to quit them for Christ is thankworthy.

#12-16 This man is said to be full of leprosy; he had that
distemper in a high degree, which represents our natural
pollution by sin; we are full of that leprosy; from the crown of
the head to the sole of the foot there is no soundness in us.
Strong confidence and deep humility are united in the words of
this leper. And if any sinner, from a deep sense of vileness,
says, I know the Lord can cleanse, but will he look upon such a
one as me? will he apply his own precious blood for my cleansing
and healing? Yes, he will. Speak not as doubting, but as humbly
referring the matter to Christ. And being saved from the guilt
and power of our sins, let us spread abroad Christ's fame, and
bring others to hear him and to be healed.

#17-26 How many are there in our assemblies, where the gospel is
preached, who do not sit under the word, but sit by! It is to
them as a tale that is told them, not as a message that is sent
to them. Observe the duties taught and recommended to us by the
history of the paralytic. In applying to Christ, we must be very
pressing and urgent; that is an evidence of faith, and is very
pleasing to Christ, and prevailing with him. Give us, Lord, the
same kind of faith with respect to thy ability and willingness
to heal our souls. Give us to desire the pardon of sin more than
any earthly blessing, or life itself. Enable us to believe thy
power to forgive sins; then will our souls cheerfully arise and
go where thou pleasest.

#27-39 It was a wonder of Christ's grace, that he would call a
publican to be his disciple and follower. It was a wonder of his
grace, that the call was made so effectual. It was a wonder of
his grace, that he came to call sinners to repentance, and to
assure them of pardon. It was a wonder of his grace, that he so
patiently bore the contradiction of sinners against himself and
his disciples. It was a wonder of his grace, that he fixed the
services of his disciples according to their strength and
standing. The Lord trains up his people gradually for the trials
allotted them; we should copy his example in dealing with the
weak in faith, or the tempted believer.
$-$-$- LU:6

* The disciples pluck corn on the sabbath. (1-5) Works of mercy
suitable to the sabbath day. (6-11) The apostles chosen. (12-19)
Blessings and woes declared. (20-26) Christ exhorts to mercy.
(27-36) And to justice and sincerity. (37-49)

#1-5 Christ justifies his disciples in a work of necessity for
themselves on the sabbath day, and that was plucking the ears of
corn when they were hungry. But we must take heed that we
mistake not this liberty for leave to commit sin. Christ will
have us to know and remember that it is his day, therefore to be
spent in his service, and to his honour.

#6-11 Christ was neither ashamed nor afraid to own the purposes
of his grace. He healed the poor man, though he knew that his
enemies would take advantage against him for it. Let us not be
drawn either from our duty or from our usefulness by any
opposition. We may well be amazed, that the sons of men should
be so wicked.

#12-19 We often think one half hour a great deal to spend in
meditation and secret prayer, but Christ was whole nights
engaged in these duties. In serving God, our great care should
be not to lose time, but to make the end of one good duty the
beginning of another. The twelve apostles are here named; never
were men so privileged, yet one of them had a devil, and proved
a traitor. Those who have not faithful preaching near them, had
better travel far than be without it. It is indeed worth while
to go a great way to hear the word of Christ, and to go out of
the way of other business for it. They came to be cured by him,
and he healed them. There is a fulness of grace in Christ, and
healing virtue in him, ready to go out from him, that is enough
for all, enough for each. Men regard the diseases of the body as
greater evils than those of their souls; but the Scripture
teaches us differently.

#20-26 Here begins a discourse of Christ, most of which is also
found in #Mt 5; 7|. But some think that this was preached at
another time and place. All believers that take the precepts of
the gospel to themselves, and live by them, may take the
promises of the gospel to themselves, and live upon them. Woes
are denounced against prosperous sinners as miserable people,
though the world envies them. Those are blessed indeed whom
Christ blesses, but those must be dreadfully miserable who fall
under his woe and curse! What a vast advantage will the saint
have over the sinner in the other world! and what a wide
difference will there be in their rewards, how much soever the
sinner may prosper, and the saint be afflicted here!

#27-36 These are hard lessons to flesh and blood. But if we are
thoroughly grounded in the faith of Christ's love, this will
make his commands easy to us. Every one that comes to him for
washing in his blood, and knows the greatness of the mercy and
the love there is in him, can say, in truth and sincerity, Lord,
what wilt thou have me to do? Let us then aim to be merciful,
even according to the mercy of our heavenly Father to us.

#37-49 All these sayings Christ often used; it was easy to apply
them. We ought to be very careful when we blame others; for we
need allowance ourselves. If we are of a giving and a forgiving
spirit, we shall ourselves reap the benefit. Though full and
exact returns are made in another world, not in this world, yet
Providence does what should encourage us in doing good. Those
who follow the multitude to do evil, follow in the broad way
that leads to destruction. The tree is known by its fruits; may
the word of Christ be so grafted in our hearts, that we may be
fruitful in every good word and work. And what the mouth
commonly speaks, generally agrees with what is most in the
heart. Those only make sure work for their souls and eternity,
and take the course that will profit in a trying time, who
think, speak, and act according to the words of Christ. Those
who take pains in religion, found their hope upon Christ, who is
the Rock of Ages, and other foundation can no man lay. In death
and judgment they are safe, being kept by the power of Christ
through faith unto salvation, and they shall never perish.
$-$-$- LU:7

* The centurion's servant healed. (1-10) The widow's son raised.
(11-18) John the Baptist's inquiry concerning Jesus. (19-35)
Christ anointed in the house of the Pharisee The parable of the
two debtors. (36-50)

#1-10 Servants should study to endear themselves to their
masters. Masters ought to take particular care of their servants
when they are sick. We may still, by faithful and fervent
prayer, apply to Christ, and ought to do so when sickness is in
our families. The building places for religious worship is a
good work, and an instance of love to God and his people. Our
Lord Jesus was pleased with the centurion's faith; and he never
fails to answer the expectations of that faith which honours his
power and love. The cure soon wrought and perfect.

#11-18 When the Lord saw the poor widow following her son to the
grave, he had compassion on her. See Christ's power over death
itself. The gospel call to all people, to young people
particularly, is, Arise from the dead, and Christ shall give you
light and life. When Christ put life into him, it appeared by
the youth's sitting up. Have we grace from Christ? Let us show
it. He began to speak: whenever Christ gives us spiritual life,
he opens the lips in prayer and praise. When dead souls are
raised to spiritual life, by Divine power going with the gospel,
we must glorify God, and look upon it as a gracious visit to his
people. Let us seek for such an interest in our compassionate
Saviour, that we may look forward with joy to the time when the
Redeemer's voice shall call forth all that are in their graves.
May we be called to the resurrection of life, not to that of
damnation.

#19-35 To his miracles in the kingdom of nature, Christ adds
this in the kingdom of grace, To the poor the gospel is
preached. It clearly pointed out the spiritual nature of
Christ's kingdom, that the messenger he sent before him to
prepare his way, did it by preaching repentance and reformation
of heart and life. We have here the just blame of those who were
not wrought upon by the ministry of John Baptist or of Jesus
Christ himself. They made a jest of the methods God took to do
them good. This is the ruin of multitudes; they are not serious
in the concerns of their souls. Let us study to prove ourselves
children of Wisdom, by attending the instructions of God's word,
and adoring those mysteries and glad tidings which infidels and
Pharisees deride and blaspheme.

#36-50 None can truly perceive how precious Christ is, and the
glory of the gospel, except the broken-hearted. But while they
feel they cannot enough express self-abhorrence on account of
sin, and admiration of his mercy, the self-sufficient will be
disgusted, because the gospel encourages such repenting sinners.
The Pharisee, instead of rejoicing in the tokens of the woman's
repentance, confined his thoughts to her former bad character.
But without free forgiveness none of us can escape the wrath to
come; this our gracious Saviour has purchased with his blood,
that he may freely bestow it on every one that believes in him.
Christ, by a parable, forced Simon to acknowledge that the
greater sinner this woman had been, the greater love she ought
to show to Him when her sins were pardoned. Learn here, that sin
is a debt; and all are sinners, are debtors to Almighty God.
Some sinners are greater debtors; but whether our debt be more
or less, it is more than we are able to pay. God is ready to
forgive; and his Son having purchased pardon for those who
believe in him, his gospel promises it to them, and his Spirit
seals it to repenting sinners, and gives them the comfort. Let
us keep far from the proud spirit of the Pharisee, simply
depending upon and rejoicing in Christ alone, and so be prepared
to obey him more zealously, and more strongly to recommend him
unto all around us. The more we express our sorrow for sin, and
our love to Christ, the clearer evidence we have of the
forgiveness of our sins. What a wonderful change does grace make
upon a sinner's heart and life, as well as upon his state before
God, by the full remission of all his sins through faith in the
Lord Jesus!
$-$-$- LU:8

* The ministry of Christ. (1-3) The parable of the sower. (4-21)
Christ stilleth the tempest and casteth out devils. (22-40) The
daughter of Jairus restored to life. (41-56)

#1-3 We are here told what Christ made the constant business of
his life, it was teaching the gospel. Tidings of the kingdom of
God are glad tidings, and what Christ came to bring. Certain
women attended upon him who ministered to him of their
substance. It showed the mean condition to which the Saviour
humbled himself, that he needed their kindness, and his great
humility, that he accepted it. Though rich, yet for our sakes he
became poor.

#4-21 There are many very needful and excellent rules and
cautions for hearing the word, in the parable of the sower, and
the application of it. Happy are we, and for ever indebted to
free grace, if the same thing that is a parable to others, with
which they are only amused, is a plain truth to us, by which we
are taught and governed. We ought to take heed of the things
that will hinder our profiting by the word we hear; to take heed
lest we hear carelessly and slightly, lest we entertain
prejudices against the word we hear; and to take heed to our
spirits after we have heard the word, lest we lose what we have
gained. The gifts we have, will be continued to us or not, as we
use them for the glory of God, and the good of our brethren. Nor
is it enough not to hold the truth in unrighteousness; we should
desire to hold forth the word of life, and to shine, giving
light to all around. Great encouragement is given to those who
prove themselves faithful hearers of the word, by being doers of
the work. Christ owns them as his relations.

#22-40 Those that put to sea in a calm, even at Christ's word,
must yet prepare for a storm, and for great peril in that storm.
There is no relief for souls under a sense of guilt, and fear of
wrath, but to go to Christ, and call him Master, and say, I am
undone, if thou dost not help me. When our dangers are over, it
becomes us to take to ourselves the shame of our own fears, and
to give Christ the glory of our deliverance. We may learn much
out of this history concerning the world of infernal, malignant
spirits, which though not working now exactly in the same way as
then, yet all must at all times carefully guard against. And
these malignant spirits are very numerous. They have enmity to
man and all his comforts. Those under Christ's government are
sweetly led with the bands of love; those under the devil's
government are furiously driven. Oh what a comfort it is to the
believer, that all the powers of darkness are under the control
of the Lord Jesus! It is a miracle of mercy, if those whom Satan
possesses, are not brought to destruction and eternal ruin.
Christ will not stay with those who slight him; perhaps he may
no more return to them, while others are waiting for him, and
glad to receive him.

#41-56 Let us not complain of a crowd, and a throng, and a
hurry, as long as we are in the way of our duty, and doing good;
but otherwise every wise man will keep himself out of it as much
as he can. And many a poor soul is healed, and helped, and saved
by Christ, that is hidden in a crowd, and nobody notices it.
This woman came trembling, yet her faith saved her. There may be
trembling, where yet there is saving faith. Observe Christ's
comfortable words to Jairus, Fear not, believe only, and thy
daughter shall be made whole. No less hard was it not to grieve
for the loss of an only child, than not to fear the continuance
of that grief. But in perfect faith there is no fear; the more
we fear, the less we believe. The hand of Christ's grace goes
with the calls of his word, to make them effectual. Christ
commanded to give her meat. As babes new born, so those newly
raised from sin, desire spiritual food, that they may grow
thereby.
$-$-$- LU:9

* The apostles sent forth. (1-9) The multitude miraculously fed.
(10-17) Peter's testimony to Christ, Self-denial enjoined.
(18-27) The transfiguration. (28-36) An evil spirit cast out.
(37-42) Christ checks the ambition of his disciples. (43-50) He
reproves their mistaken zeal. (51-56) Every thing to be given up
for Christ. (57-62)

#1-9 Christ sent his twelve disciples abroad, who by this time
were able to teach others what they had received from the Lord.
They must not be anxious to commend themselves to people's
esteem by outward appearance. They must go as they were. The
Lord Jesus is the fountain of power and authority, to whom all
creatures must, in one way or another, be subject; and if he
goes with the word of his ministers in power, to deliver sinners
from Satan's bondage, they may be sure that he will care for
their wants. When truth and love thus go together, and yet the
message of God is rejected and despised, it leaves men without
excuse, and turns to a testimony against them. Herod's guilty
conscience was ready to conclude that John was risen from the
dead. He desired to see Jesus; and why did he not go and see
him? Probably, because he thought it below him, or because he
wished not to have any more reprovers of sin. Delaying it now,
his heart was hardened, and when he did see Jesus, he was as
much prejudiced against him as others, #Lu 23:11|.

#10-17 The people followed Jesus, and though they came
unseasonably, yet he gave them what they came for. He spake unto
them of the kingdom of God. He healed those who had need of
healing. And with five loaves of bread and two fishes, Christ
fed five thousand men. He will not see those that fear him, and
serve him faithfully, want any good thing. When we receive
creature-comforts, we must acknowledge that we receive them from
God, and that we are unworthy to receive them; that we owe them
all, and all the comfort we have in them, to the mediation of
Christ, by whom the curse is taken away. The blessing of Christ
will make a little go a great way. He fills every hungry soul,
abundantly satisfies it with the goodness of his house. Here
were fragments taken up: in our Father's house there is bread
enough, and to spare. We are not straitened, nor stinted in
Christ.

#18-27 It is an unspeakable comfort that our Lord Jesus is God's
Anointed; this signifies that he was both appointed to be the
Messiah, and qualified for it. Jesus discourses concerning his
own sufferings and death. And so far must his disciples be from
thinking how to prevent his sufferings, that they must prepare
for their own. We often meet with crosses in the way of duty;
and though we must not pull them upon our own heads, yet, when
they are laid for us, we must take them up, and carry them after
Christ. It is well or ill with us, according as it is well or
ill with our souls. The body cannot be happy, if the soul be
miserable in the other world; but the soul may be happy, though
the body is greatly afflicted and oppressed in this world. We
must never be ashamed of Christ and his gospel.

#28-36 Christ's transfiguration was a specimen of that glory in
which he will come to judge the world; and was an encouragement
to his disciples to suffer for him. Prayer is a transfiguring,
transforming duty, which makes the face to shine. Our Lord
Jesus, even in his transfiguration, was willing to speak
concerning his death and sufferings. In our greatest glories on
earth, let us remember that in this world we have no continuing
city. What need we have to pray to God for quickening grace, to
make us lively! Yet that the disciples might be witnesses of
this sign from heaven, after awhile they became awake, so that
they were able to give a full account of what passed. But those
know not what they say, that talk of making tabernacles on earth
for glorified saints in heaven.

#37-42 How deplorable the case of this child! He was under the
power of an evil spirit. Disease of that nature are more
frightful than such as arise merely from natural causes. What
mischief Satan does where he gets possession! But happy those
that have access to Christ! He can do that for us which his
disciples cannot. A word from Christ healed the child; and when
our children recover from sickness, it is comfortable to receive
them as healed by the hand of Christ.

#43-50 This prediction of Christ's sufferings was plain enough,
but the disciples would not understand it, because it agreed not
with their notions. A little child is the emblem by which Christ
teaches us simplicity and humility. What greater honour can any
man attain to in this world, than to be received by men as a
messenger of God and Christ; and to have God and Christ own
themselves received and welcomed in him! If ever any society of
Christians in this world, had reason to silence those not of
their own communion, the twelve disciples at this time had; yet
Christ warned them not to do the like again. Those may be found
faithful followers of Christ, and may be accepted of him, who do
not follow with us.

#51-56 The disciples did not consider that the conduct of the
Samaritans was rather the effect of national prejudices and
bigotry, than of enmity to the word and worship of God; and
through they refused to receive Christ and his disciples, they
did not ill use or injure them, so that the case was widely
different from that of Ahaziah and Elijah. Nor were they aware
that the gospel dispensation was to be marked by miracles of
mercy. But above all, they were ignorant of the prevailing
motives of their own hearts, which were pride and carnal
ambition. Of this our Lord warned them. It is easy for us to
say, Come, see our zeal for the Lord! and to think we are very
faithful in his cause, when we are seeking our own objects, and
even doing harm instead of good to others.

#57-62 Here is one that is forward to follow Christ, but seems
to have been hasty and rash, and not to have counted the cost.
If we mean to follow Christ, we must lay aside the thoughts of
great things in the world. Let us not try to join the profession
of Christianity, with seeking after worldly advantages. Here is
another that seems resolved to follow Christ, but he begs a
short delay. To this man Christ first gave the call; he said to
him, Follow me. Religion teaches us to be kind and good, to show
piety at home, and to requite our parents; but we must not make
these an excuse for neglecting our duty to God. Here is another
that is willing to follow Christ, but he must have a little time
to talk with his friends about it, and to set in order his
household affairs, and give directions concerning them. He
seemed to have worldly concerns more upon his heart than he
ought to have, and he was willing to enter into a temptation
leading him from his purpose of following Christ. No one can do
any business in a proper manner, if he is attending to other
things. Those who begin with the work of God, must resolve to go
on, or they will make nothing of it. Looking back, leads to
drawing back, and drawing back is to perdition. He only that
endures to the end shall be saved.
$-$-$- LU:10

* Seventy disciples sent forth. (1-16) The blessedness of
Christ's disciples. (17-24) The good Samaritan. (25-37) Jesus at
the house of Martha and Mary. (38-42)

#1-16 Christ sent the seventy disciples, two and two, that they
might strengthen and encourage one another. The ministry of the
gospel calls men to receive Christ as a Prince and a Saviour;
and he will surely come in the power of his Spirit to all places
whither he sends his faithful servants. But the doom of those
who receive the grace of God in vain, will be very fearful Those
who despise the faithful ministers of Christ, who think meanly
of them, and look scornfully upon them, will be reckoned as
despisers of God and Christ.

#17-24 All our victories over Satan, are obtained by power
derived from Jesus Christ, and he must have all the praise. But
let us beware of spiritual pride, which has been the destruction
of many. Our Lord rejoiced at the prospect of the salvation of
many souls. It was fit that particular notice should be taken of
that hour of joy; there were few such, for He was a man of
sorrows: in that hour in which he saw Satan fall, and heard of
the good success of his ministers, in that hour he rejoiced. He
has ever resisted the proud, and given grace to the humble. The
more simply dependent we are on the teaching, help, and blessing
of the Son of God, the more we shall know both of the Father and
of the Son; the more blessed we shall be in seeing the glory,
and hearing the words of the Divine Saviour; and the more useful
we shall be made in promoting his cause.

#25-37 If we speak of eternal life, and the way to it, in a
careless manner, we take the name of God in vain. No one will
ever love God and his neighbour with any measure of pure,
spiritual love, who is not made a partaker of converting grace.
But the proud heart of man strives hard against these
convictions. Christ gave an instance of a poor Jew in distress,
relieved by a good Samaritan. This poor man fell among thieves,
who left him about to die of his wounds. He was slighted by
those who should have been his friends, and was cared for by a
stranger, a Samaritan, of the nation which the Jews most
despised and detested, and would have no dealings with. It is
lamentable to observe how selfishness governs all ranks; how
many excuses men will make to avoid trouble or expense in
relieving others. But the true Christian has the law of love
written in his heart. The Spirit of Christ dwells in him;
Christ's image is renewed in his soul. The parable is a
beautiful explanation of the law of loving our neighbour as
ourselves, without regard to nation, party, or any other
distinction. It also sets forth the kindness and love of God our
Saviour toward sinful, miserable men. We were like this poor,
distressed traveller. Satan, our enemy, has robbed us, and
wounded us: such is the mischief sin has done us. The blessed
Jesus had compassion on us. The believer considers that Jesus
loved him, and gave his life for him, when an enemy and a rebel;
and having shown him mercy, he bids him go and do likewise. It
is the duty of us all , in our places, and according to our
ability, to succour, help, and relieve all that are in distress
and necessity.

#38-42 A good sermon is not the worse for being preached in a
house; and the visits of our friends should be so managed, as to
make them turn to the good of their souls. Sitting at Christ's
feet, signifies readiness to receive his word, and submission to
the guidance of it. Martha was providing for the entertainment
of Christ, and those that came with him. Here were respect to
our Lord Jesus and right care of her household affairs. But
there was something to be blamed. She was for much serving;
plenty, variety, and exactness. Worldly business is a snare to
us, when it hinders us from serving God, and getting good to our
souls. What needless time is wasted, and expense often laid out,
even in entertaining professors of the gospel! Though Martha was
on this occasion faulty, yet she was a true believer, and in her
general conduct did not neglect the one thing needful. The
favour of God is needful to our happiness; the salvation of
Christ is needful to our safety. Where this is attended to, all
other things will be rightly pursued. Christ declared, Mary hath
chosen the good part. For one thing is needful, this one thing
that she has done, to give up herself to the guidance of Christ.
The things of this life will be taken away from us, at the
furthest, when we shall be taken away from them; but nothing
shall separate from the love of Christ, and a part in that love.
Men and devils cannot take it away from us, and God and Christ
will not. Let us mind the one thing needful more diligently.
$-$-$- LU:11

* The disciples taught to pray. (1-4) Christ encourages being
earnest in prayer. (5-13) Christ casts out a devil, The
blasphemy of the Pharisees. (14-26) True happiness. (27,28)
Christ reproves the Jews. (29-36) He reproves the Pharisees.
(37-54)

#1-4 "Lord, teach us to pray," is a good prayer, and a very
needful one, for Jesus Christ only can teach us, by his word and
Spirit, how to pray. Lord, teach me what it is to pray; Lord,
stir up and quicken me to the duty; Lord, direct me what to pray
for; teach me what I should say. Christ taught them a prayer,
much the same that he had given before in his sermon upon the
mount. There are some differences in the words of the Lord's
prayer in Matthew and in Luke, but they are of no moment. Let us
in our requests, both for others and for ourselves, come to our
heavenly Father, confiding in his power and goodness.

#5-13 Christ encourages fervency and constancy in prayer. We
must come for what we need, as a man does to his neighbour or
friend, who is kind to him. We must come for bread; for that
which is needful. If God does not answer our prayers speedily,
yet he will in due time, if we continue to pray. Observe what to
pray for; we must ask for the Holy Spirit, not only as necessary
in order to our praying well, but as all spiritual blessings are
included in that one. For by the influences of the Holy Spirit
we are brought to know God and ourselves, to repent, believe in,
and love Christ, and so are made comfortable in this world, and
meet for happiness in the next. All these blessings our heavenly
Father is more ready to bestow on every one that asks for them,
than an indulgent parent is to give food to a hungry child. And
this is the advantage of the prayer of faith, that it quiets and
establishes the heart in God.

#14-26 Christ's thus casting out the devils, was really the
destroying of their power. The heart of every unconverted sinner
is the devil's palace, where he dwells, and where he rules.
There is a kind of peace in the heart of an unconverted soul,
while the devil, as a strong man armed, keeps it. The sinner is
secure, has no doubt concerning the goodness of his state, nor
any dread of the judgment to come. But observe the wonderful
change made in conversion. The conversion of a soul to God, is
Christ's victory over the devil and his power in that soul,
restoring the soul to its liberty, and recovering his own
interest in it and power over it. All the endowments of mind of
body are now employed for Christ. Here is the condition of a
hypocrite. The house is swept from common sins, by a forced
confession, as Pharaoh's; by a feigned contrition, as Ahab's; or
by a partial reformation, as Herod's. The house is swept, but it
is not washed; the heart is not made holy. Sweeping takes off
only the loose dirt, while the sin that besets the sinner, the
beloved sin, is untouched. The house is garnished with common
gifts and graces. It is not furnished with any true grace; it is
all paint and varnish, not real nor lasting. It was never given
up to Christ, nor dwelt in by the Spirit. Let us take heed of
resting in that which a man may have, and yet come short of
heaven. The wicked spirits enter in without any difficulty; they
are welcomed, and they dwell there; there they work, there they
rule. From such an awful state let all earnestly pray to be
delivered.

#27,28 While the scribes and Pharisees despised and blasphemed
the discourses of our Lord Jesus, this good woman admired them,
and the wisdom and power with which he spake. Christ led the
woman to a higher consideration. Though it is a great privilege
to hear the word of God, yet those only are truly blessed, that
is, blessed of the Lord, that hear it, keep it in memory, and
keep to it as their way and rule.

#29-36 Christ promised that there should be one sign more given,
even the sign of Jonah the prophet; which in Matthew is
explained, as meaning the resurrection of Christ; and he warned
them to improve this sign. But though Christ himself were the
constant preacher in any congregation, and worked miracles daily
among them, yet unless his grace humbled their hearts, they
would not profit by his word. Let us not desire more evidence
and fuller teaching than the Lord is pleased to afford us. We
should pray without ceasing that our hearts and understandings
may be opened, that we may profit by the light we enjoy. And
especially take heed that the light which is in us be not
darkness; for if our leading principles be wrong, our judgment
and practice must become more so.

#37-54 We should all look to our hearts, that they may be
cleansed and new-created; and while we attend to the great
things of the law and of the gospel, we must not neglect the
smallest matter God has appointed. When any wait to catch
something out of our mouths, that they may insnare us, O Lord,
give us thy prudence and thy patience, and disappoint their evil
purposes. Furnish us with such meekness and patience that we may
glory in reproaches, for Christ's sake, and that thy Holy Spirit
may rest upon us.
$-$-$- LU:12

* Christ reproves the interpreters of the law. (1-12) A caution
against covetousness The parable of the rich man. (13-21)
Worldly care reproved. (22-40) Watchfulness enforced. (41-53) A
warning to be reconciled to God. (54-59)

#1-12 A firm belief of the doctrine of God's universal
providence, and the extent of it, would satisfy us when in
peril, and encourage us to trust God in the way of duty.
Providence takes notice of the meanest creatures, even of the
sparrows, and therefore of the smallest interests of the
disciples of Christ. Those who confess Christ now, shall be
owned by him in the great day, before the angels of God. To
deter us from denying Christ, and deserting his truths and ways,
we are here assured that those who deny Christ, though they may
thus save life itself, and though they may gain a kingdom by it,
will be great losers at last; for Christ will not know them,
will not own them, nor show them favour. But let no trembling,
penitent backslider doubt of obtaining forgiveness. This is far
different from the determined enmity that is blasphemy against
the Holy Ghost, which shall never be forgiven, because it will
never be repented of.

#13-21 Christ's kingdom is spiritual, and not of this world.
Christianity does not meddle with politics; it obliges all to do
justly, but wordly dominion is not founded in grace. It does not
encourage expectations of worldly advantages by religion. The
rewards of Christ's disciples are of another nature.
Covetousness is a sin we need constantly to be warned against;
for happiness and comfort do not depend on the wealth of this
world. The things of the world will not satisfy the desires of a
soul. Here is a parable, which shows the folly of carnal
worldling while they live, and their misery when they die. The
character drawn is exactly that of a prudent, worldly man, who
has no grateful regard to the providence of God, nor any right
thought of the uncertainty of human affairs, the worth of his
soul, or the importance of eternity. How many, even among
professed Christians, point out similar characters as models for
imitation, and proper persons to form connexions with! We
mistake if we think that thoughts are hid, and thoughts are
free. When he saw a great crop upon his ground, instead of
thanking God for it, or rejoicing to be able to do more good, he
afflicts himself. What shall I do now? The poorest beggar in the
country could not have said a more anxious word. The more men
have, the more perplexity they have with it. It was folly for
him to think of making no other use of his plenty, than to
indulge the flesh and gratify the sensual appetites, without any
thought of doing good to others. Carnal worldlings are fools;
and the day is coming when God will call them by their own name,
and they will call themselves so. The death of such persons is
miserable in itself, and terrible to them. Thy soul shall be
required. He is loth to part with it; but God shall require it,
shall require an account of it, require it as a guilty soul to
be punished without delay. It is the folly of most men, to mind
and pursue that which is for the body and for time only, more
than that for the soul and eternity.

#22-40 Christ largely insisted upon this caution not to give way
to disquieting, perplexing cares, #Mt 6:25-34|. The arguments
here used are for our encouragement to cast our care upon God,
which is the right way to get ease. As in our stature, so in our
state, it is our wisdom to take it as it is. An eager, anxious
pursuit of the things of this world, even necessary things, ill
becomes the disciples of Christ. Fears must not prevail; when we
frighten ourselves with thoughts of evil to come, and put
ourselves upon needless cares how to avoid it. If we value the
beauty of holiness, we shall not crave the luxuries of life. Let
us then examine whether we belong to this little flock. Christ
is our Master, and we are his servants; not only working
servants, but waiting servants. We must be as men that wait for
their lord, that sit up while he stays out late, to be ready to
receive him. In this Christ alluded to his own ascension to
heaven, his coming to call his people to him by death, and his
return to judge the world. We are uncertain as to the time of
his coming to us, we should therefore be always ready. If men
thus take care of their houses, let us be thus wise for our
souls. Be ye therefore ready also; as ready as the good man of
the house would be, if he knew at what hour the thief would
come.

#41-53 All are to take to themselves what Christ says in his
word, and to inquire concerning it. No one is left so ignorant
as not to know many things to be wrong which he does, and many
things to be right which he neglects; therefore all are without
excuse in their sin. The bringing in the gospel dispensation
would occasion desolations. Not that this would be the tendency
of Christ's religion, which is pure, peaceable, and loving; but
the effect of its being contrary to men's pride and lusts. There
was to be a wide publication of the gospel. But before that took
place, Christ had a baptism to be baptized with, far different
from that of water and the Holy Spirit. He must endure
sufferings and death. It agreed not with his plan to preach the
gospel more widely, till this baptism was completed. We should
be zealous in making known the truth, for though divisions will
be stirred up, and a man's own household may be his foes, yet
sinners will be converted, and God will be glorified.

#54-59 Christ would have the people to be as wise in the
concerns of their souls as they are in outward affairs. Let them
hasten to obtain peace with God before it is too late. If any
man has found that God has set himself against him concerning
his sins, let him apply to him as God in Christ reconciling the
world to himself. While we are alive, we are in the way, and now
is our time.
$-$-$- LU:13

* Christ exhorts to repentance from the case of the Galileans
and others. (1-5) Parable of the barren fig-tree. (6-9) The
infirm woman strengthened. (10-17) The parables of the mustard
seed, and leaven. (18-22) Exhortation to enter at the strait
gate. (23-30) Christ's reproof to Herod, and to the people of
Jerusalem. (31-35)

#1-5 Mention was made to Christ of the death of some Galileans.
This tragical story is briefly related here, and is not met with
in any historians. In Christ's reply he spoke of another event,
which, like it, gave an instance of people taken away by sudden
death. Towers, that are built for safety, often prove to be
men's destruction. He cautioned his hearers not to blame great
sufferers, as if they were therefore to be accounted great
sinners. As no place or employment can secure from the stroke of
death, we should consider the sudden removals of others as
warnings to ourselves. On these accounts Christ founded a call
to repentance. The same Jesus that bids us repent, for the
kingdom of heaven is at hand, bids us repent, for otherwise we
shall perish.

#6-9 This parable of the barren fig-tree is intended to enforce
the warning given just before: the barren tree, except it brings
forth fruit, will be cut down. This parable in the first place
refers to the nation and people of the Jews. Yet it is, without
doubt, for awakening all that enjoy the means of grace, and the
privileges of the visible church. When God has borne long, we
may hope that he will bear with us yet a little longer, but we
cannot expect that he will bear always.

#10-17 Our Lord Jesus attended upon public worship on the
sabbaths. Even bodily infirmities, unless very grievous, should
not keep us from public worship on sabbath days. This woman came
to Christ to be taught, and to get good to her soul, and then he
relieved her bodily infirmity. This cure represents the work of
Christ's grace upon the soul. And when crooked souls are made
straight, they will show it by glorifying God. Christ knew that
this ruler had a real enmity to him and to his gospel, and that
he did but cloak it with a pretended zeal for the sabbath day;
he really would not have them be healed any day; but if Jesus
speaks the word, and puts forth his healing power, sinners are
set free. This deliverance is often wrought on the Lord's day;
and whatever labour tends to put men in the way of receiving the
blessing, agrees with the design of that day.

#18-22 Here is the progress of the gospel foretold in two
parables, as in #Mt 13|. The kingdom of the Messiah is the
kingdom of God. May grace grow in our hearts; may our faith and
love grow exceedingly, so as to give undoubted evidence of their
reality. May the example of God's saints be blessed to those
among whom they live; and may his grace flow from heart to
heart, until the little one becomes a thousand.

#23-30 Our Saviour came to guide men's consciences, not to
gratify their curiosity. Ask not, How many shall be saved? But,
Shall I be one of them? Not, What shall become of such and such?
But, What shall I do, and what will become of me? Strive to
enter in at the strait gate. This is directed to each of us; it
is, Strive ye. All that will be saved, must enter in at the
strait gate, must undergo a change of the whole man. Those that
would enter in, must strive to enter. Here are awakening
considerations, to enforce this exhortation. Oh that we may be
all awakened by them! They answer the question, Are there few
that shall be saved? But let none despond either as to
themselves or others, for there are last who shall be first, and
first who shall be last. If we reach heaven, we shall meet many
there whom we little thought to meet, and miss many whom we
expected to find.

#31-35 Christ, in calling Herod a fox, gave him his true
character. The greatest of men were accountable to God,
therefore it became him to call this proud king by his own name;
but it is not an example for us. I know, said our Lord, that I
must die very shortly; when I die, I shall be perfected, I shall
have completed my undertaking. It is good for us to look upon
the time we have before us as but little, that we may thereby be
quickened to do the work of the day in its day. The wickedness
of persons and places which more than others profess religion
and relation to God, especially displeases and grieves the Lord
Jesus. The judgment of the great day will convince unbelievers;
but let us learn thankfully to welcome, and to profit by all who
come in the name of the Lord, to call us to partake of his great
salvation.
$-$-$- LU:14

* Christ heals a man on the sabbath. (1-6) He teaches humility.
(7-14) Parable of the great supper. (15-24) The necessity of
consideration and self-denial. (25-35)

#1-6 This Pharisee, as well as others, seems to have had an ill
design in entertaining Jesus at his house. But our Lord would
not be hindered from healing a man, though he knew a clamour
would be raised at his doing it on the sabbath. It requires care
to understand the proper connexion between piety and charity in
observing the sabbath, and the distinction between works of real
necessity and habits of self-indulgence. Wisdom from above,
teaches patient perseverance in well-doing.

#7-14 Even in the common actions of life, Christ marks what we
do, not only in our religious assemblies, but at our tables. We
see in many cases, that a man's pride will bring him low, and
before honour is humility. Our Saviour here teaches, that works
of charity are better than works of show. But our Lord did not
mean that a proud and unbelieving liberality should be rewarded,
but that his precept of doing good to the poor and afflicted
should be observed from love to him.

#15-24 In this parable observe the free grace and mercy of God
shining in the gospel of Christ, which will be food and a feast
for the soul of a man that knows its own wants and miseries. All
found some pretence to put off their attendance. This reproves
the Jewish nation for their neglect of the offers of Christ's
grace. It shows also the backwardness there is to close with the
gospel call. The want of gratitude in those who slight gospel
offers, and the contempt put upon the God of heaven thereby,
justly provoke him. The apostles were to turn to the Gentiles,
when the Jews refused the offer; and with them the church was
filled. The provision made for precious souls in the gospel of
Christ, has not been made in vain; for if some reject, others
will thankfully accept the offer. The very poor and low in the
world, shall be as welcome to Christ as the rich and great; and
many times the gospel has the greatest success among those that
labour under worldly disadvantages and bodily infirmities.
Christ's house shall at last be filled; it will be so when the
number of the elect is completed.

#25-35 Though the disciples of Christ are not all crucified, yet
they all bear their cross, and must bear it in the way of duty.
Jesus bids them count upon it, and then consider of it. Our
Saviour explains this by two similitudes; the former showing
that we must consider the expenses of our religion; the latter,
that we must consider the perils of it. Sit down and count the
cost; consider it will cost the mortifying of sin, even the most
beloved lusts. The proudest and most daring sinner cannot stand
against God, for who knows the power of his anger? It is our
interest to seek peace with him, and we need not send to ask
conditions of peace, they are offered to us, and are highly to
our advantage. In some way a disciple of Christ will be put to
the trial. May we seek to be disciples indeed, and be careful
not to grow slack in our profession, or afraid of the cross;
that we may be the good salt of the earth, to season those
around us with the savour of Christ.
$-$-$- LU:15

* Parables of the lost sheep, and the piece of silver. (1-10)
The prodigal son, his wickedness and distress. (11-16) His
repentance and pardon. (17-24) The elder brother offended.
(25-32)

#1-10 The parable of the lost sheep is very applicable to the
great work of man's redemption. The lost sheep represents the
sinner as departed from God, and exposed to certain ruin if not
brought back to him, yet not desirous to return. Christ is
earnest in bringing sinners home. In the parable of the lost
piece of silver, that which is lost, is one piece, of small
value compared with the rest. Yet the woman seeks diligently
till she finds it. This represents the various means and methods
God makes use of to bring lost souls home to himself, and the
Saviour's joy on their return to him. How careful then should we
be that our repentance is unto salvation!

#11-16 The parable of the prodigal son shows the nature of
repentance, and the Lord's readiness to welcome and bless all
who return to him. It fully sets forth the riches of gospel
grace; and it has been, and will be, while the world stands, of
unspeakable use to poor sinners, to direct and to encourage them
in repenting and returning to God. It is bad, and the beginning
of worse, when men look upon God's gifts as debts due to them.
The great folly of sinners, and that which ruins them, is, being
content in their life-time to receive their good things. Our
first parents ruined themselves and all their race, by a foolish
ambition to be independent, and this is at the bottom of
sinners' persisting in their sin. We may all discern some
features of our own characters in that of the prodigal son. A
sinful state is of departure and distance from God. A sinful
state is a spending state: wilful sinners misemploy their
thoughts and the powers of their souls, mispend their time and
all their opportunities. A sinful state is a wanting state.
Sinners want necessaries for their souls; they have neither food
nor raiment for them, nor any provision for hereafter. A sinful
state is a vile, slavish state. The business of the devil's
servants is to make provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts
thereof, and that is no better than feeding swine. A sinful
state is a state constant discontent. The wealth of the world
and the pleasures of the senses will not even satisfy our
bodies; but what are they to precious souls! A sinful state is a
state which cannot look for relief from any creature. In vain do
we cry to the world and to the flesh; they have that which will
poison a soul, but have nothing to give which will feed and
nourish it. A sinful state is a state of death. A sinner is dead
in trespasses and sins, destitute of spiritual life. A sinful
state is a lost state. Souls that are separated from God, if his
mercy prevent not, will soon be lost for ever. The prodigal's
wretched state, only faintly shadows forth the awful ruin of man
by sin. Yet how few are sensible of their own state and
character!

#17-24 Having viewed the prodigal in his abject state of misery,
we are next to consider his recovery from it. This begins by his
coming to himself. That is a turning point in the sinner's
conversion. The Lord opens his eyes, and convinces him of sin;
then he views himself and every object, in a different light
from what he did before. Thus the convinced sinner perceives
that the meanest servant of God is happier than he is. To look
unto God as a Father, and our Father, will be of great use in
our repentance and return to him. The prodigal arose, nor
stopped till he reached his home. Thus the repenting sinner
resolutely quits the bondage of Satan and his lusts, and returns
to God by prayer, notwithstanding fears and discouragements. The
Lord meets him with unexpected tokens of his forgiving love.
Again; the reception of the humbled sinner is like that of the
prodigal. He is clothed in the robe of the Redeemer's
righteousness, made partaker of the Spirit of adoption, prepared
by peace of conscience and gospel grace to walk in the ways of
holiness, and feasted with Divine consolations. Principles of
grace and holiness are wrought in him, to do, as well as to
will.

#25-32 In the latter part of this parable we have the character
of the Pharisees, though not of them alone. It sets forth the
kindness of the Lord, and the proud manner in which his gracious
kindness is often received. The Jews, in general, showed the
same spirit towards the converted Gentiles; and numbers in every
age object to the gospel and its preachers, on the same ground.
What must that temper be, which stirs up a man to despise and
abhor those for whom the Saviour shed his precious blood, who
are objects of the Father's choice, and temples of the Holy
Ghost! This springs from pride, self-preference, and ignorance
of a man's own heart. The mercy and grace of our God in Christ,
shine almost as bright in his tender and gentle bearing with
peevish saints, as his receiving prodigal sinners upon their
repentance. It is the unspeakable happiness of all the children
of God, who keep close to their Father's house, that they are,
and shall be ever with him. Happy will it be for those who
thankfully accept Christ's invitation.
$-$-$- LU:16

* The parable of the unjust steward. (1-12) Christ reproves the
hypocrisy of the covetous Pharisees. (13-18) The rich man and
Lazarus. (19-31)

#1-12 Whatever we have, the property of it is God's; we have
only the use of it, according to the direction of our great
Lord, and for his honour. This steward wasted his lord's goods.
And we are all liable to the same charge; we have not made due
improvement of what God has trusted us with. The steward cannot
deny it; he must make up his accounts, and be gone. This may
teach us that death will come, and deprive us of the
opportunities we now have. The steward will make friends of his
lord's debtors or tenants, by striking off a considerable part
of their debt to his lord. The lord referred to in this parable
commended not the fraud, but the policy of the steward. In that
respect alone is it so noticed. Worldly men, in the choice of
their object, are foolish; but in their activity, and
perseverance, they are often wiser than believers. The unjust
steward is not set before us as an example in cheating his
master, or to justify any dishonesty, but to point out the
careful ways of worldly men. It would be well if the children of
light would learn wisdom from the men of the world, and would as
earnestly pursue their better object. The true riches signify
spiritual blessings; and if a man spends upon himself, or hoards
up what God has trusted to him, as to outward things, what
evidence can he have, that he is an heir of God through Christ?
The riches of this world are deceitful and uncertain. Let us be
convinced that those are truly rich, and very rich, who are rich
in faith, and rich toward God, rich in Christ, in the promises;
let us then lay up our treasure in heaven, and expect our
portion from thence.

#13-18 To this parable our Lord added a solemn warning. Ye
cannot serve God and the world, so divided are the two
interests. When our Lord spoke thus, the covetous Pharisees
treated his instructions with contempt. But he warned them, that
what they contended for as the law, was a wresting of its
meaning: this our Lord showed in a case respecting divorce.
There are many covetous sticklers for the forms of godliness,
who are the bitterest enemies to its power, and try to set
others against the truth.

#19-31 Here the spiritual things are represented, in a
description of the different state of good and bad, in this
world and in the other. We are not told that the rich man got
his estate by fraud, or oppression; but Christ shows, that a man
may have a great deal of the wealth, pomp, and pleasure of this
world, yet perish for ever under God's wrath and curse. The sin
of this rich man was his providing for himself only. Here is a
godly man, and one that will hereafter be happy for ever, in the
depth of adversity and distress. It is often the lot of some of
the dearest of God's saints and servants to be greatly afflicted
in this world. We are not told that the rich man did him any
harm, but we do not find that he had any care for him. Here is
the different condition of this godly poor man, and this wicked
rich man, at and after death. The rich man in hell lifted up his
eyes, being in torment. It is not probable that there are
discourses between glorified saints and damned sinners, but this
dialogue shows the hopeless misery and fruitless desires, to
which condemned spirits are brought. There is a day coming, when
those who now hate and despise the people of God, would gladly
receive kindness from them. But the damned in hell shall not
have the least abatement of their torment. Sinners are now
called upon to remember; but they do not, they will not, they
find ways to avoid it. As wicked people have good things only in
this life, and at death are for ever separated from all good, so
godly people have evil things only in this life, and at death
they are for ever put from them. In this world, blessed be God,
there is no gulf between a state of nature and grace, we may
pass from sin to God; but if we die in our sins, there is no
coming out. The rich man had five brethren, and would have them
stopped in their sinful course; their coming to that place of
torment, would make his misery the worse, who had helped to show
them the way thither. How many would now desire to recall or to
undo what they have written or done! Those who would make the
rich man's praying to Abraham justify praying to saints
departed, go far to seek for proofs, when the mistake of a
damned sinner is all they can find for an example. And surely
there is no encouragement to follow the example, when all his
prayers were made in vain. A messenger from the dead could say
no more than what is said in the Scriptures. The same strength
of corruption that breaks through the convictions of the written
word, would triumph over a witness from the dead. Let us seek to
the law and to the testimony, #Isa 8:19,20|, for that is the
sure word of prophecy, upon which we may rest, #2Pe 1:19|.
Circumstances in every age show that no terrors, or arguments,
can give true repentance without the special grace of God
renewing the sinner's heart.
$-$-$- LU:17

* To avoid offences, To pray for increase of faith, Humility
taught.11-19. Ten lepers cleansed. (1-10) Christ's kingdom.
(20-37)

#1-10 It is no abatement of their guilt by whom an offence
comes, nor will it lessen their punishment that offences will
come. Faith in God's pardoning mercy, will enable us to get over
the greatest difficulties in the way of forgiving our brethren.
As with God nothing is impossible, so all things are possible to
him that can believe. Our Lord showed his disciples their need
of deep humility. The Lord has such a property in every
creature, as no man can have in another; he cannot be in debt to
them for their services, nor do they deserve any return from
him.

#11-19 A sense of our spiritual leprosy should make us very
humble whenever we draw near to Christ. It is enough to refer
ourselves to the compassions of Christ, for they fail not. We
may look for God to meet us with mercy, when we are found in the
way of obedience. Only one of those who were healed returned to
give thanks. It becomes us, like him, to be very humble in
thanksgivings, as well as in prayers. Christ noticed the one who
thus distinguished himself, he was a Samaritan. The others only
got the outward cure, he alone got the spiritual blessing.

#20-37 The kingdom of God was among the Jews, or rather within
some of them. It was a spiritual kingdom, set up in the heart by
the power of Divine grace. Observe how it had been with sinners
formerly, and in what state the judgments of God, which they had
been warned of, found them. Here is shown what a dreadful
surprise this destruction will be to the secure and sensual.
Thus shall it be in the day when the Son of man is revealed.
When Christ came to destroy the Jewish nation by the Roman
armies, that nation was found in such a state of false security
as is here spoken of. In like manner, when Jesus Christ shall
come to judge the world, sinners will be found altogether
regardless; for in like manner the sinners of every age go on
securely in their evil ways, and remember not their latter end.
But wherever the wicked are, who are marked for eternal ruin,
they shall be found by the judgments of God.
$-$-$- LU:18

* The parable of the importunate widow. (1-8) The Pharisee and
the publican. (9-14) Children brought to Christ. (15-17) The
ruler hindered by his riches. (18-30) Christ foreshows his
death. (31-34) A blind man restored to sight. (35-43)

#1-8 All God's people are praying people. Here earnest
steadiness in prayer for spiritual mercies is taught. The
widow's earnestness prevailed even with the unjust judge: she
might fear lest it should set him more against her; but our
earnest prayer is pleasing to our God. Even to the end there
will still be ground for the same complaint of weakness of
faith.

#9-14 This parable was to convince some who trusted in
themselves that they were righteous, and despised others. God
sees with what disposition and design we come to him in holy
ordinances. What the Pharisee said, shows that he trusted to
himself that he was righteous. We may suppose he was free from
gross and scandalous sins. All this was very well and
commendable. Miserable is the condition of those who come short
of the righteousness of this Pharisee, yet he was not accepted;
and why not? He went up to the temple to pray, but was full of
himself and his own goodness; the favour and grace of God he did
not think worth asking. Let us beware of presenting proud
devotions to the Lord, and of despising others. The publican's
address to God was full of humility, and of repentance for sin,
and desire toward God. His prayer was short, but to the purpose;
God be merciful to me a sinner. Blessed be God, that we have
this short prayer upon record, as an answered prayer; and that
we are sure that he who prayed it, went to his house justified;
for so shall we be, if we pray it, as he did, through Jesus
Christ. He owned himself a sinner by nature, by practice, guilty
before God. He had no dependence but upon the mercy of God; upon
that alone he relied. And God's glory is to resist the proud,
and give grace to the humble. Justification is of God in Christ;
therefore the self-condemned, and not the self-righteous, are
justified before God.

#15-17 None are too little, too young, to be brought to Christ,
who knows how to show kindness to those not capable of doing
service to him. It is the mind of Christ, that little children
should be brought to him. The promise is to us, and to our seed;
therefore He will bid them welcome to him with us. And we must
receive his kingdom as children, not by purchase, and must call
it our Father's gift.

#18-30 Many have a great deal in them very commendable, yet
perish for lack of some one thing; so this ruler could not bear
Christ's terms, which would part between him and his estate.
Many who are loth to leave Christ, yet do leave him. After a
long struggle between their convictions and their corruptions,
their corruptions carry the day. They are very sorry that they
cannot serve both; but if one must be quitted, it shall be their
God, not their wordly gain. Their boasted obedience will be
found mere outside show; the love of the world in some form or
other lies at the root. Men are apt to speak too much of what
they have left and lost, of what they have done and suffered for
Christ, as Peter did. But we should rather be ashamed that there
has been any regret or difficulty in doing it.

#31-34 The Spirit of Christ, in the Old Testament prophets,
testified beforehand his sufferings, and the glory that should
follow, #1Pe 1:11|. The disciples' prejudices were so strong,
that they would not understand these things literally. They were
so intent upon the prophecies which spake of Christ's glory,
that they overlooked those which spake of his sufferings. People
run into mistakes, because they read their Bibles by halves, and
are only for the smooth things. We are as backward to learn the
proper lessons from the sufferings, crucifixion, and
resurrection of Christ, as the disciples were to what he told
them as to those events; and for the same reason; self-love, and
a desire of worldly objects, close our understandings.

#35-43 This poor blind man sat by the wayside, begging. He was
not only blind, but poor, the fitter emblem of the world of
mankind which Christ came to heal and save. The prayer of faith,
guided by Christ's encouraging promises, and grounded on them,
shall not be in vain. The grace of Christ ought to be thankfully
acknowledged, to the glory of God. It is for the glory of God if
we follow Jesus, as those will do whose eyes are opened. We must
praise God for his mercies to others, as well as for mercies to
ourselves. Would we rightly understand these things, we must
come to Christ, like the blind man, earnestly beseeching him to
open our eyes, and to show us clearly the excellence of his
precepts, and the value of his salvation.
$-$-$- LU:19

* The conversion of Zaccheus. (1-10) The parable of the nobleman
and his servants. (11-27) Christ enters Jerusalem. (28-40)
Christ laments over Jerusalem. (41-48)

#1-10 Those who sincerely desire a sight of Christ, like
Zaccheus, will break through opposition, and take pains to see
him. Christ invited himself to Zaccheus' house. Wherever Christ
comes he opens the heart, and inclines it to receive him. He
that has a mind to know Christ, shall be known of him. Those
whom Christ calls, must humble themselves, and come down. We may
well receive him joyfully, who brings all good with him.
Zaccheus gave proofs publicly that he was become a true convert.
He does not look to be justified by his works, as the Pharisee;
but by his good works he will, through the grace of God, show
the sincerity of his faith and repentance. Zaccheus is declared
to be a happy man, now he is turned from sin to God. Now that he
is saved from his sins, from the guilt of them, from the power
of them, all the benefits of salvation are his. Christ is come
to his house, and where Christ comes he brings salvation with
him. He came into this lost world to seek and to save it. His
design was to save, when there was no salvation in any other. He
seeks those that sought him not, and asked not for him.

#11-27 This parable is like that of the talents, #Mt 25|. Those
that are called to Christ, he furnishes with gifts needful for
their business; and from those to whom he gives power, he
expects service. The manifestation of the Spirit is given to
every man to profit withal, #1Co 12:7|. And as every one has
received the gift, so let him minister the same, #1Pe 4:10|. The
account required, resembles that in the parable of the talents;
and the punishment of the avowed enemies of Christ, as well as
of false professors, is shown. The principal difference is, that
the pound given to each seems to point out the gift of the
gospel, which is the same to all who hear it; but the talents,
distributed more or less, seem to mean that God gives different
capacities and advantages to men, by which this one gift of the
gospel may be differently improved.

#28-40 Christ has dominion over all creatures, and may use them
as he pleases. He has all men's hearts both under his eye and in
his hand. Christ's triumphs, and his disciples' joyful praises,
vex proud Pharisees, who are enemies to him and to his kingdom.
But Christ, as he despises the contempt of the proud, so he
accepts the praises of the humble. Pharisees would silence the
praises of Christ, but they cannot; for as God can out of stones
raise up children unto Abraham, and turn the stony heart to
himself, so he can bring praise out of the mouths of children.
And what will be the feelings of men when the Lord returns in
glory to judge the world!

#41-48 Who can behold the holy Jesus, looking forward to the
miseries that awaited his murderers, weeping over the city where
his precious blood was about to be shed, without seeing that the
likeness of God in the believer, consists much in good-will and
compassion? Surely those cannot be right who take up any
doctrines of truth, so as to be hardened towards their
fellow-sinners. But let every one remember, that though Jesus
wept over Jerusalem, he executed awful vengeance upon it. Though
he delights not in the death of a sinner, yet he will surely
bring to pass his awful threatenings on those who neglect his
salvation. The Son of God did not weep vain and causeless tears,
nor for a light matter, nor for himself. He knows the value of
souls, the weight of guilt, and how low it will press and sink
mankind. May he then come and cleanse our hearts by his Spirit,
from all that defiles. May sinners, on every side, become
attentive to the words of truth and salvation.
$-$-$- LU:20

* The priests and scribes question Christ's authority. (1-8) The
parable of the vineyard and husbandmen. (9-19) Of giving
tribute. (20-26) Concerning the resurrection. (27-38) The
scribes silenced. (39-47)

#1-8 Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation,
and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their
own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and
scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which
the common people could answer. They all knew it was from
heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury
the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It
was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority,
to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet
would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.

#9-19 Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not
to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How
many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified
Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service,
desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let
all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make
proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of
those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence
Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could
not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet
they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners,
that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the
destruction at the end of those ways.

#20-26 Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ
and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct
answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and
they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either
the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from
above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid
the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty
to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers
will have no evil to say of us.

#27-38 It is common for those who design to undermine any truth
of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves,
and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the
world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds
than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world;
and let every one compare this world and that world, and give
the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves
them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead,
that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state
of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive,
#1Co 2:9|. Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord,
are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of
holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin.
And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he
meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, #Ge 17:1|, their
exceeding great Reward, #Ge 15:1|. He never did that for them in
this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking;
therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that
for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.

#39-47 The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the
Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a
question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's
Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would
receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows,
and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which
they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked
plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to
keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil
thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him
alone.
$-$-$- LU:21

* Christ commends a poor widow. (1-4) His prophecy. (5-28)
Christ exhorts to watchfulness. (29-38)

#1-4 From the offering of this poor widow, learn that what we
rightly give for the relief of the poor, and the support of
God's worship, is given unto God; and our Saviour sees with
pleasure whatever we have in our hearts to give for the relief
of his members, or for his service. Blessed Lord! the poorest of
thy servants have two mites, they have a soul and a body;
persuade and enable us to offer both unto thee; how happy shall
we be in thine accepting of them!

#5-28 With much curiosity those about Christ ask as to the time
when the great desolation should be. He answers with clearness
and fulness, as far as was necessary to teach them their duty;
for all knowledge is desirable as far as it is in order to
practice. Though spiritual judgements are the most common in
gospel times, yet God makes use of temporal judgments also.
Christ tells them what hard things they should suffer for his
name's sake, and encourages them to bear up under their trials,
and to go on in their work, notwithstanding the opposition they
would meet with. God will stand by you, and own you, and assist
you. This was remarkably fulfilled after the pouring out of the
Spirit, by whom Christ gave his disciples wisdom and utterance.
Though we may be losers for Christ, we shall not, we cannot be
losers by him, in the end. It is our duty and interest at all
times, especially in perilous, trying times, to secure the
safety of our own souls. It is by Christian patience we keep
possession of our own souls, and keep out all those impressions
which would put us out of temper. We may view the prophecy
before us much as those Old Testament prophecies, which,
together with their great object, embrace, or glance at some
nearer object of importance to the church. Having given an idea
of the times for about thirty-eight years next to come, Christ
shows what all those things would end in, namely, the
destruction of Jerusalem, and the utter dispersion of the Jewish
nation; which would be a type and figure of Christ's second
coming. The scattered Jews around us preach the truth of
Christianity; and prove, that though heaven and earth shall pass
away, the words of Jesus shall not pass away. They also remind
us to pray for those times when neither the real, nor the
spiritual Jerusalem, shall any longer be trodden down by the
Gentiles, and when both Jews and Gentiles shall be turned to the
Lord. When Christ came to destroy the Jews, he came to redeem
the Christians that were persecuted and oppressed by them; and
then had the churches rest. When he comes to judge the world, he
will redeem all that are his from their troubles. So fully did
the Divine judgements come upon the Jews, that their city is set
as an example before us, to show that sins will not pass
unpunished; and that the terrors of the Lord, and his
threatenings against impenitent sinners, will all come to pass,
even as his word was true, and his wrath great upon Jerusalem.

#29-38 Christ tells his disciples to observe the signs of the
times, which they might judge by. He charges them to look upon
the ruin of the Jewish nation as near. Yet this race and family
of Abraham shall not be rooted out; it shall survive as a
nation, and be found as prophesied, when the Son of man shall be
revealed. He cautions them against being secure and sensual.
This command is given to all Christ's disciples, Take heed to
yourselves, that ye be not overpowered by temptations, nor
betrayed by your own corruptions. We cannot be safe, if we are
carnally secure. Our danger is, lest the day of death and of
judgment should come upon us when we are not prepared. Lest,
when we are called to meet our Lord, that be the furthest from
our thoughts, which ought to be nearest our hearts. For so it
will come upon the most of men, who dwell upon the earth, and
mind earthly things only, and have no converse with heaven. It
will be a terror and a destruction to them. Here see what should
be our aim, that we may be accounted worthy to escape all those
things; that when the judgements of God are abroad, we may not
be in the common calamity, or it may not be that to us which it
is to others. Do you ask how you may be found worthy to stand
before Christ at that day? Those who never yet sought Christ,
let them now go unto him; those who never yet were humbled for
their sins, let them now begin; those who have already begun,
let them go forward and be kept humbled. Watch therefore, and
pray always. Watch against sin; watch in every duty, and make
the most of every opportunity to do good. Pray always: those
shall be accounted worthy to live a life of praise in the other
world, who live a life of prayer in this world. May we begin,
employ, and conclude each day attending to Christ's word,
obeying his precepts, and following his example, that whenever
he comes we may be found watching.
$-$-$- LU:22

* The treachery of Judas. (1-6) The passover. (7-18) The Lord's
supper instituted. (19,20) Christ admonishes the disciples.
(21-38) Christ's agony in the garden. (39-46) Christ betrayed.
(47-53) The fall of Peter. (54-62) Christ confesses himself to
be the Son of God. (63-71)

#1-6 Christ knew all men, and had wise and holy ends in taking
Judas to be a disciple. How he who knew Christ so well, came to
betray him, we are here told; Satan entered into Judas. It is
hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom,
by the power of its open enemies, or by the treachery of its
pretended friends; but without the latter, its enemies could not
do so much evil as they do.

#7-18 Christ kept the ordinances of the law, particularly that
of the passover, to teach us to observe his gospel institutions,
and most of all that of the Lord's supper. Those who go upon
Christ's word, need not fear disappointment. According to the
orders given them, the disciples got all ready for the passover.
Jesus bids this passover welcome. He desired it, though he knew
his sufferings would follow, because it was in order to his
Father's glory and man's redemption. He takes his leave of all
passovers, signifying thereby his doing away all the ordinances
of the ceremonial law, of which the passover was one of the
earliest and chief. That type was laid aside, because now in the
kingdom of God the substance was come.

#19,20 The Lord's supper is a sign or memorial of Christ already
come, who by dying delivered us; his death is in special manner
set before us in that ordinance, by which we are reminded of it.
The breaking of Christ's body as a sacrifice for us, is therein
brought to our remembrance by the breaking of bread. Nothing can
be more nourishing and satisfying to the soul, than the doctrine
of Christ's making atonement for sin, and the assurance of an
interest in that atonement. Therefore we do this in rememberance
of what He did for us, when he died for us; and for a memorial
of what we do, in joining ourselves to him in an everlasting
covenant. The shedding of Christ's blood, by which the atonement
was made, is represented by the wine in the cup.

#21-38 How unbecoming is the worldly ambition of being the
greatest, to the character of a follower of Jesus, who took upon
him the form of a servant, and humbled himself to the death of
the cross! In the way to eternal happiness, we must expect to be
assaulted and sifted by Satan. If he cannot destroy, he will try
to disgrace or distress us. Nothing more certainly forebodes a
fall, in a professed follower of Christ, than self-confidence,
with disregard to warnings, and contempt of danger. Unless we
watch and pray always, we may be drawn in the course of the day
into those sins which we were in the morning most resolved
against. If believers were left to themselves, they would fall;
but they are kept by the power of God, and the prayer of Christ.
Our Lord gave notice of a very great change of circumstances now
approaching. The disciples must not expect that their friends
would be kind to them as they had been. Therefore, he that has a
purse, let him take it, for he may need it. They must now expect
that their enemies would be more fierce than they had been, and
they would need weapons. At the time the apostles understood
Christ to mean real weapons, but he spake only of the weapons of
the spiritual warfare. The sword of the Spirit is the sword with
which the disciples of Christ must furnish themselves.

#39-46 Every description which the evangelists give of the state
of mind in which our Lord entered upon this conflict, proves the
tremendous nature of the assault, and the perfect foreknowledge
of its terrors possessed by the meek and lowly Jesus. Here are
three things not in the other evangelists. 1. When Christ was in
his agony, there appeared to him an angel from heaven,
strengthening him. It was a part of his humiliation that he was
thus strengthened by a ministering spirit. 2. Being in agony, he
prayed more earnestly. Prayer, though never out of season, is in
a special manner seasonable when we are in an agony. 3. In this
agony his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling
down. This showed the travail of his soul. We should pray also
to be enabled to resist unto the shedding of our blood, striving
against sin, if ever called to it. When next you dwell in
imagination upon the delights of some favourite sin, think of
its effects as you behold them here! See its fearful effects in
the garden of Gethsemane, and desire, by the help of God, deeply
to hate and to forsake that enemy, to ransom sinners from whom
the Redeemer prayed, agonized, and bled.

#47-53 Nothing can be a greater affront or grief to the Lord
Jesus, than to be betrayed by those who profess to be his
followers, and say that they love him. Many instances there are,
of Christ's being betrayed by those who, under the form of
godliness, fight against the power of it. Jesus here gave an
illustrious example of his own rule of doing good to those that
hate us, as afterwards he did of praying for those that
despitefully use us. Corrupt nature warps our conduct to
extremes; we should seek for the Lord's direction before we act
in difficult circumstances. Christ was willing to wait for his
triumphs till his warfare was accomplished, and we must be so
too. But the hour and the power of darkness were short, and such
the triumphs of the wicked always will be.

#54-62 Peter's fall was his denying that he knew Christ, and was
his disciple; disowning him because of distress and danger. He
that has once told a lie, is strongly tempted to persist: the
beginning of that sin, like strife, is as the letting forth of
water. The Lord turned and looked upon Peter. 1. It was a
convincing look. Jesus turned and looked upon him, as if he
should say, Dost thou not know me, Peter? 2. It was a chiding
look. Let us think with what a rebuking countenance Christ may
justly look upon us when we have sinned. 3. It was an
expostulating look. Thou who wast the most forward to confess me
to be the Son of God, and didst solemnly promise thou wouldest
never disown me! 4. It was a compassionate look. Peter, how art
thou fallen and undone if I do not help thee! 5. It was a
directing look, to go and bethink himself. 6. It was a
significant look; it signified the conveying of grace to Peter's
heart, to enable him to repent. The grace of God works in and by
the word of God, brings that to mind, and sets that home upon
the conscience, and so gives the soul the happy turn. Christ
looked upon the chief priests, and made no impression upon them
as he did on Peter. It was not the mere look from Christ, but
the Divine grace with it, that restored Peter.

#63-71 Those that condemned Jesus for a blasphemer, were the
vilest blasphemers. He referred them to his second coming, for
the full proof of his being the Christ, to their confusion,
since they would not admit the proof of it to their conviction.
He owns himself to be the Son of God, though he knew he should
suffer for it. Upon this they ground his condemnation. Their
eyes being blinded, they rush on. Let us meditate on this
amazing transaction, and consider Him who endured such
contradiction of sinners against himself.
$-$-$- LU:23

* Christ before Pilate. (1-5) Christ before Herod. (6-12)
Barabbas preferred to Christ. (13-25) Christ speaks of the
destruction of Jerusalem. (26-31) The crucifixion, The repentant
malefactor. (32-43) The death of Christ. (44-49) The burial of
Christ. (50-56)

#1-5 Pilate well understood the difference between armed forces
and our Lord's followers. But instead of being softened by
Pilate's declaration of his innocence, and considering whether
they were not bringing the guilt of innocent blood upon
themselves, the Jews were the more angry. The Lord brings his
designs to a glorious end, even by means of those who follow the
devices of their own hearts. Thus all parties joined, so as to
prove the innocence of Jesus, who was the atoning sacrifice for
our sins.

#6-12 Herod had heard many things of Jesus in Galilee, and out
of curiosity longed to see him. The poorest beggar that asked a
miracle for the relief of his necessity, was never denied; but
this proud prince, who asked for a miracle only to gratify his
curiosity, is refused. He might have seen Christ and his
wondrous works in Galilee, and would not, therefore it is justly
said, Now he would see them, and shall not. Herod sent Christ
again to Pilate: the friendships of wicked men are often formed
by union in wickedness. They agree in little, except in enmity
to God, and contempt of Christ.

#13-25 The fear of man brings many into this snare, that they
will do an unjust thing, against their consciences, rather than
get into trouble. Pilate declares Jesus innocent, and has a mind
to release him; yet, to please the people, he would punish him
as an evil-doer. If no fault be found in him, why chastise him?
Pilate yielded at length; he had not courage to go against so
strong a stream. He delivered Jesus to their will, to be
crucified.

#26-31 We have here the blessed Jesus, the Lamb of God, led as a
lamb to the slaughter, to the sacrifice. Though many reproached
and reviled him, yet some pitied him. But the death of Christ
was his victory and triumph over his enemies: it was our
deliverance, the purchase of eternal life for us. Therefore weep
not for him, but let us weep for our own sins, and the sins of
our children, which caused his death; and weep for fear of the
miseries we shall bring upon ourselves, if we slight his love,
and reject his grace. If God delivered him up to such sufferings
as these, because he was made a sacrifice for sin, what will he
do with sinners themselves, who make themselves a dry tree, a
corrupt and wicked generation, and good for nothing! The bitter
sufferings of our Lord Jesus should make us stand in awe of the
justice of God. The best saints, compared with Christ, are dry
trees; if he suffer, why may not they expect to suffer? And what
then shall the damnation of sinners be! Even the sufferings of
Christ preach terror to obstinate transgressors.

#32-43 As soon as Christ was fastened to the cross, he prayed
for those who crucified him. The great thing he died to purchase
and procure for us, is the forgiveness of sin. This he prays
for. Jesus was crucified between two thieves; in them were shown
the different effects the cross of Christ would have upon the
children of men in the preaching the gospel. One malefactor was
hardened to the last. No troubles of themselves will change a
wicked heart. The other was softened at the last: he was
snatched as a brand out of the burning, and made a monument of
Divine mercy. This gives no encouragement to any to put off
repentance to their death-beds, or to hope that they shall then
find mercy. It is certain that true repentance is never too
late; but it is as certain that late repentance is seldom true.
None can be sure they shall have time to repent at death, but
every man may be sure he cannot have the advantages this
penitent thief had. We shall see the case to be singular, if we
observe the uncommon effects of God's grace upon this man. He
reproved the other for railing on Christ. He owned that he
deserved what was done to him. He believed Jesus to have
suffered wrongfully. Observe his faith in this prayer. Christ
was in the depth of disgrace, suffering as a deceiver, and not
delivered by his Father. He made this profession before the
wonders were displayed which put honour on Christ's sufferings,
and startled the centurion. He believed in a life to come, and
desired to be happy in that life; not like the other thief, to
be only saved from the cross. Observe his humility in this
prayer. All his request is, Lord, remember me; quite referring
it to Jesus in what way to remember him. Thus he was humbled in
true repentance, and he brought forth all the fruits for
repentance his circumstances would admit. Christ upon the cross,
is gracious like Christ upon the throne. Though he was in the
greatest struggle and agony, yet he had pity for a poor
penitent. By this act of grace we are to understand that Jesus
Christ died to open the kingdom of heaven to all penitent,
obedient believers. It is a single instance in Scripture; it
should teach us to despair of none, and that none should despair
of themselves; but lest it should be abused, it is contrasted
with the awful state of the other thief, who died hardened in
unbelief, though a crucified Saviour was so near him. Be sure
that in general men die as they live.

#44-49 We have here the death of Christ magnified by the wonders
that attended it, and his death explained by the words with
which he breathed out his soul. He was willing to offer himself.
Let us seek to glorify God by true repentance and conversion; by
protesting against those who crucify the Saviour; by a sober,
righteous, and godly life; and by employing our talents in the
service of Him who died for us and rose again.

#50-56 Many, though they do not make any show in outward
profession, yet, like Joseph of Arimathea, will be far more
ready to do real service, when there is occasion, than others
who make a greater noise. Christ was buried in haste, because
the sabbath drew on. Weeping must not hinder sowing. Though they
were in tears for the death of their Lord, yet they must prepare
to keep holy the sabbath. When the sabbath draws on, there must
be preparation. Our worldly affairs must be so ordered, that
they may not hinder us from our sabbath work; and our holy
affections so stirred up, that they may carry us on in it. In
whatever business we engage, or however our hearts may be
affected, let us never fail to get ready for, and to keep holy,
the day of sacred rest, which is the Lord's day.
$-$-$- LU:24

* The resurrection of Christ. (1-12) He appears to two disciples
on the way to Emmaus. (13-27) And makes himself known to them.
(28-35) Christ appears to the other disciples. (36-49) His
ascension. (50-53)

#1-12 See the affection and respect the women showed to Christ,
after he was dead and buried. Observe their surprise when they
found the stone rolled away, and the grave empty. Christians
often perplex themselves about that with which they should
comfort and encourage themselves. They look rather to find their
Master in his grave-clothes, than angels in their shining
garments. The angels assure them that he is risen from the dead;
is risen by his own power. These angels from heaven bring not
any new gospel, but remind the women of Christ's words, and
teach them how to apply them. We may wonder that these
disciples, who believed Jesus to be the Son of God and the true
Messiah, who had been so often told that he must die, and rise
again, and then enter into his glory, who had seen him more than
once raise the dead, yet should be so backward to believe his
raising himself. But all our mistakes in religion spring from
ignorance or forgetfulness of the words Christ has spoken. Peter
now ran to the sepulchre, who so lately ran from his Master. He
was amazed. There are many things puzzling and perplexing to us,
which would be plain and profitable, if we rightly understood
the words of Christ.

#13-27 This appearance of Jesus to the two disciples going to
Emmaus, happened the same day that he rose from the dead. It
well becomes the disciples of Christ to talk together of his
death and resurrection; thus they may improve one another's
knowledge, refresh one another's memory, and stir up each
other's devout affections. And where but two together are well
employed in work of that kind, he will come to them, and make a
third. Those who seek Christ, shall find him: he will manifest
himself to those that inquire after him; and give knowledge to
those who use the helps for knowledge which they have. No matter
how it was, but so it was, they did not know him; he so ordering
it, that they might the more freely discourse with him. Christ's
disciples are often sad and sorrowful, even when they have
reason to rejoice; but through the weakness of their faith, they
cannot take the comfort offered to them. Though Christ is
entered into his state of exaltation, yet he notices the sorrows
of his disciples, and is afflicted in their afflictions. Those
are strangers in Jerusalem, that know not of the death and
sufferings of Jesus. Those who have the knowledge of Christ
crucified, should seek to spread that knowledge. Our Lord Jesus
reproved them for the weakness of their faith in the Scriptures
of the Old Testament. Did we know more of the Divine counsels as
far as they are made known in the Scriptures, we should not be
subject to the perplexities we often entangle ourselves in. He
shows them that the sufferings of Christ were really the
appointed way to his glory; but the cross of Christ was that to
which they could not reconcile themselves. Beginning at Moses,
the first inspired writer of the Old Testament, Jesus expounded
to them the things concerning himself. There are many passages
throughout all the Scriptures concerning Christ, which it is of
great advantage to put together. We cannot go far in any part,
but we meet with something that has reference to Christ, some
prophecy, some promise, some prayer, some type or other. A
golden thread of gospel grace runs through the whole web of the
Old Testament. Christ is the best expositor of Scripture; and
even after his resurrection, he led people to know the mystery
concerning himself, not by advancing new notions, but by showing
how the Scripture was fulfilled, and turning them to the earnest
study of it.

#28-35 If we would have Christ dwell with us, we must be earnest
with him. Those that have experienced the pleasure and profit of
communion with him, cannot but desire more of his company. He
took bread, and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them. This he
did with his usual authority and affection, with the same
manner, perhaps with the same words. He here teaches us to crave
a blessing on every meal. See how Christ by his Spirit and grace
makes himself known to the souls of his people. He opens the
Scriptures to them. He meets them at his table, in the ordinance
of the Lord's supper; is known to them in breaking of bread. But
the work is completed by the opening of the eyes of their mind;
yet it is but short views we have of Christ in this world, but
when we enter heaven, we shall see him for ever. They had found
the preaching powerful, even when they knew not the preacher.
Those Scriptures which speak of Christ, will warm the hearts of
his true disciples. That is likely to do most good, which
affects us with the love of Jesus in dying for us. It is the
duty of those to whom he has shown himself, to let others know
what he has done for their souls. It is of great use for the
disciples of Christ to compare their experiences, and tell them
to each other.

#36-49 Jesus appeared in a miraculous manner, assuring the
disciples of his peace, though they had so lately forsaken him,
and promising spiritual peace with every blessing. Many
troublesome thoughts which disquiet our minds, rise from
mistakes concerning Christ. All the troublesome thoughts which
rise in our hearts at any time, are known to the Lord Jesus, and
are displeasing to him. He spake with them on their unreasonable
unbelief. Nothing had passed but what was foretold by the
prophets, and necessary for the salvation of sinners. And now
all men should be taught the nature and necessity of repentance,
in order to the forgiveness of their sins. And these blessings
were to be sought for, by faith in the name of Jesus. Christ by
his Spirit works on the minds of men. Even good men need to have
their understandings opened. But that we may have right thoughts
of Christ, there needs no more than to be made to understand the
Scriptures.

#50-53 Christ ascended from Bethany, near the Mount of Olives.
There was the garden in which his sufferings began; there he was
in his agony. Those that would go to heaven, must ascend thither
from the house of sufferings and sorrows. The disciples did not
see him rise out of the grave; his resurrection could be proved
by their seeing him alive afterwards: but they saw him ascend
into heaven; they could not otherwise have a proof of his
ascension. He lifted up his hands, and blessed them. He did not
go away in displeasure, but in love, he left a blessing behind
him. As he arose, so he ascended, by his own power. They
worshipped him. This fresh display of Christ's glory drew from
them fresh acknowledgments. They returned to Jerusalem with
great joy. The glory of Christ is the joy of all true believers,
even while they are here in this world. While waiting for God's
promises, we must go forth to meet them with our praises. And
nothing better prepares the mind for receiving the Holy Ghost.
Fears are silenced, sorrows sweetened and allayed, and hopes
kept up. And this is the ground of a Christian's boldness at the
throne of grace; yea, the Father's throne is the throne of grace
to us, because it is also the throne of our Mediator, Jesus
Christ. Let us rely on his promises, and plead them. Let us
attend his ordinances, praise and bless God for his mercies, set
our affections on things above, and expect the Redeemer's return
to complete our happiness. Amen. Even so, Lord Jesus, come
quickly.