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$Unique_ID{bob00373}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Kuwait
Statistical Profile of Kuwait}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
rate
kuwait
national
billion
government
al
july
labor
kuwaiti
hear
audio
hear
sound
see
pictures
see
figures
}
$Date{1990}
$Log{Hear National Anthem*56545010.aud
See Map of Kuwait*0037301.scf
See Flag of Kuwait*0037302.scf
}
Title: Kuwait
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Kuwait]
[See Flag of Kuwait]
Statistical Profile of Kuwait
Geography
Total area: 17,820 km2; land area: 17,820 km2
Comparative area: slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries: 462 km total; Iraq 240 km, Saudi Arabia 222 km
Coastline: 499 km
Maritime claims:
Continental shelf: not specific
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: ownership of Warbah and Bubiyan islands disputed by Iraq
Climate: dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters
Terrain: flat to slightly undulating desert plain
Natural resources: petroleum, fish, shrimp, natural gas
Land use: NEGL% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 8% meadows and
pastures; NEGL% forest and woodland; 92% other; includes NEGL% irrigated
Environment: some of world's largest and most sophisticated desalination
facilities provide most of water; air and water pollution; desertification
Note: strategic location at head of Persian Gulf
People
Population: 2,008,053 (July 1989), growth rate 3.6% (1989)
Birth rate: 30 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 2 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: 9 migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 14 deaths/1,000 live births (July 1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 76 years female (July 1989)
Total fertility rate: 3.9 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Kuwaiti(s); adjective--Kuwaiti
Ethnic divisions: 39% Kuwaiti, 39% other Arab, 9% South Asian, 4% Iranian,
9% other
Religion: 85% Muslim (30% Shia, 45% Sunni, 10% other),
15% Christian, Hindu, Parsi, and other
Language: Arabic (official); English widely spoken
Literacy: 71% (est.)
Labor force: 566,000 (1986); 45.0% services, 20.0% construction, 12.0%
trade, 8.6% manufacturing, 2.6% finance and real estate, 1.9% agriculture, 1.7%
power and water, 1.4% mining and quarrying; 70% of labor force is non-Kuwaiti
Organized labor: labor unions exist in oil industry and among government
personnel
Government
Long-form name: State of Kuwait
Type: nominal constitutional monarchy
Capital: Kuwait
Administrative divisions: 4 governorates (muhafazat,
singular--muhafazah); Al Ahmadi, Al Jahrah, Al Kuwayt, Hawalli
Independence: 19 June 1961 (from UK)
Constitution: 16 November 1962 (some provisions suspended since 29
August 1962)
Legal system: civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal
matters; Constitution took effect in 1963; popularly elected 50-man National
Assembly (the 15 cabinet members can also vote) reinstated in March 1981 after
being suspended in 1976, but in July 1986 parliament dissolved by the Amir;
judicial review of legislative acts not yet determined; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: National Day, 25 February
Branches: Council of Ministers; legislature--National Assembly
(suspended since July 1986)
Leader: Chief of State Amir Sheikh Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al SABAH
(since 31 December 1977);
Head of Government Prime Minister and Crown Prince Sad Abdallah al-Salim
Al SABAH (since 8 February 1978)
Suffrage: adult males who resided in Kuwait before 1920 and their male
descendents (eligible voters, 8.3% of citizenry)
Elections: National Assembly elected February 1985 (suspended July 1986)
Political parties and leaders: political parties prohibited
Communists: insignificant
Other political or pressure groups: large (350,000) Palestinian
community; several small, clandestine leftist and Shia fundamentalist groups
are active
Member of: Arab League, FAO, G-77, GATT, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA,
IDB--Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
IPU, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPEC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Shaikh Saud Nasir AL-SABAH;
Chancery at 2940 Tilden Street NW, Washington DC 20008;
telephone (202) 966-0702;
US--Ambassador W. Nathaniel HOWELL; Embassy at Bneid al-Gar (opposite the
Hilton Hotel), Kuwait City (mailing address is P. O. Box 77 Safat, 13001 Safat,
Kuwait City); telephone [965] 242-4151 through 4159
Flag: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a
black trapezoid based on the hoist side
Economy
Overview: The oil sector dominates the economy. Of the countries in the
Middle East, Kuwait has oil reserves second only to those of Saudi Arabia.
Earnings from hydrocarbons generate over 90% of both export and government
revenues and contribute about 40% to GDP. Most of the nonoil sector is dependent
upon oil-derived government revenues to provide infrastructure development and
to promote limited industrial diversification. The economy is heavily dependent
upon foreign labor--Kuwaitis account for less than 20% of the labor force. The
early years of the Iran-Iraq war pushed Kuwait's GDP well below its 1980 peak;
however, during the period 1986-88, GDP increased each year, rising to 4% in
1988.
GDP: $19.1 billion, per capita $10,410; real growth rate 4% (1988)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.8% (1988)
Unemployment rate: 0%
Budget: revenues $7.1 billion; expenditures $10.5 billion, including
capital expenditures of $3.1 billion (FY88)
Exports: $8.7 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--oil 90%;
partners--Japan, Italy, FRG, US
Imports: $4.9 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--food,
construction material, vehicles and parts, clothing; partners--Japan,
US, FRG, UK
External debt: $10.4 billion (December 1988)
Industrial production: growth rate 3% (1988)
Electricity: 7,687,000 kW capacity; 19,539 million kWh produced,
10,080 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, desalination, food processing,
salt, construction
Agriculture: virtually none; dependent on imports for food; about 75% of
potable water must be distilled or imported
Aid: NA
Currency: Kuwaiti dinar (plural--dinars);
1 Kuwaiti dinar (KD) = 1,000 fils
Exchange rates: Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US$1--0.2845 (January 1989),
0.2790 (1988), 0.2786 (1987), 0.2919 (1986), 0.3007 (1985)
Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June
Communications
Highways: 3,000 km total; 2,500 km bituminous; 500 km earth, sand, light
gravel
Pipelines: crude oil, 877 km; refined products, 40 km; natural gas, 165 km
Ports: Ash Shuwaykh, Ash Shuaybah, Mina al Ahmadi
Merchant marine: 38 ships (1,000 GRT or over), totaling 839,305
GRT/1,200,079 DWT; includes 17 cargo, 6 container, 5 livestock carrier,
9 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 liquefied gas
Civil air: 29 major transport aircraft
Airports: 8 total, 4 usable; 4 with permanent-surface runways; 4 with
runways 2,440-3,659 m
Telecommunications: excellent international, adequate domestic facilities;
258,000 telephones; stations--3 AM, 2 FM, 3 TV; 1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic
Ocean INTELSAT stations; 1 INMARSAT satellite station; 1 ARABSAT station;
coaxial cable and radio relay to Iraq and Saudi Arabia
Defense Forces
Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, National Guard
Military manpower: males 15-49, about 668,734; about 400,529 fit for
military service
Military budget: $1.179 million, 10.5% of central government budget
(FY89)