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  1. ab-
  2. from, away
  3. ab/DUCE
  4. abduce
  5. to abduct or draw away
  6. abs-
  7. from, away
  8. AB/sti/nence
  9. abstinence
  10. refraining from the use of
  11. ad-
  12. near, toward
  13. ad/REN/al
  14. adrenal
  15. near the kidney
  16. adeno
  17. gland
  18. ad/en/OP/a/thy
  19. adenopathy
  20. enlargement of the glands
  21. aero
  22. air
  23. an/A/er/obe
  24. anaerobe
  25. an organism that lives in the absence of oxygen
  26. -algesia
  27. pain
  28. an/al/GE/si/a
  29. analgesia
  30. absence of pain or noxious stimulation
  31. ambi-
  32. both
  33. am/bi/DEX/trous
  34. ambidextrous
  35. able to use either hand with equal dexterity
  36. an-
  37. without, lack of, absent, deficient
  38. an/or/EX/i/a
  39. anorexia
  40. lack or loss of appetite for food
  41. angio
  42. vessel (blood or lymph)
  43. an/gi/O/ma
  44. angioma
  45. a benign tumor made up of blood or lymph vessels
  46. ano
  47. anus
  48. A/no/scope
  49. anoscope
  50. instrument used for visual examination of the anal canal
  51. ante-
  52. before
  53. an/te/NAT/al
  54. antenatal
  55. occuring during pregnancy; of or relating to an unborn child
  56. anti-
  57. against
  58. an/ti/SEP/tic
  59. antiseptic
  60. substance which works against the growth of bacteria
  61. arterio
  62. artery
  63. ar/ter/i/o/scler/O/sis
  64. arteriosclerosis
  65. hardening of the arteries
  66. arthro
  67. joint
  68. AR/thro/plas/ty
  69. arthroplasty
  70. plastic repair of a joint
  71. -asthenia
  72. weakness
  73. my/as/THE/ni/a
  74. myasthenia
  75. muscular debility or weakness
  76. auto-
  77. self
  78. au/to/NOM/ic
  79. autonomic
  80. not subject to voluntary control
  81. bi-
  82. two, twice
  83. bi/WEEK/ly
  84. biweekly
  85. every two weeks
  86. brady-
  87. slow
  88. brad/y/CAR/di/a
  89. bradycardia
  90. slowness of the heart beat
  91. broncho
  92. bronchus
  93. bron/CHI/tis
  94. bronchitis
  95. inflammation of the bronchi
  96. cardio
  97. heart
  98. my/o/CAR/di/um
  99. myocardium
  100. middle layer of heart wall composed of cardiac muscle
  101. -cele
  102. tumor, swelling, hernia, sac
  103. EN/ter/o/cele
  104. enterocele
  105. intestinal hernia
  106. -centesis
  107. puncture
  108. tho/ra/cen/TE/sis
  109. thoracentesis
  110. surgical puncture and drainage of the thoracic cavity.
  111. cephalo
  112. head
  113. hy/dro/CEPH/a/ly
  114. hydrocephaly
  115. water on the brain
  116. chole
  117. gall
  118. chol/e/lith/I/a/sis
  119. cholelithiasis
  120. presence of gallstones
  121. cholecysto
  122. gallbladder
  123. cho/le/cys/TECT/o/my
  124. cholecystectomy
  125. excision of the gallbladder
  126. choledocho
  127. common bile duct
  128. chol/ed/o/CHOS/to/my
  129. choledochostomy
  130. creation of an opening into the common bile duct for drainage
  131. chondro
  132. cartilage
  133. chon/DRO/ma
  134. chondroma
  135. tumor of cartilage cells
  136. -cide
  137. kill
  138. GERM/i/cide
  139. germicide
  140. agent which kills pathogenic microorganisms
  141. circum-
  142. around
  143. cir/cum/CI/sion
  144. circumcision
  145. surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
  146. -cise
  147. cut
  148. ex/CISE
  149. excise
  150. to remove by cutting
  151. colo
  152. colon
  153. co/LI/tis
  154. colitis
  155. inflammation of the colon
  156. colpo
  157. vagina
  158. col/POR/rha/phy
  159. colporrhaphy
  160. structure of the vagina
  161. contra-
  162. against
  163. con/tra/CEP/tion
  164. contraception
  165. prevention of conception or impregnation
  166. costo
  167. rib
  168. in/ter/COS/tal
  169. intercostal
  170. between two ribs
  171. cranio
  172. skull
  173. cra/ni/OT/o/my
  174. craniotomy
  175. operation on the cranium (skull)
  176. cyano
  177. blue
  178. cy/an/OT/ic
  179. cyanotic
  180. bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes
  181. cysto
  182. urinary bladder
  183. CYS/to/gram
  184. cystogram
  185. radiogram made of the urinary tract
  186. de-
  187. down, from
  188. de/CU/bi/tus
  189. decubitus
  190. lying down
  191. denti
  192. tooth
  193. DEN/tis/try
  194. dentistry
  195. medical science dealing with the teeth
  196. dermo
  197. skin
  198. derm/a/TOL/o/gy
  199. dermatology
  200. medical science dealing with the skin
  201. di-
  202. two
  203. di/a/TAX/i/a
  204. diataxia
  205. failure of muscular coordination on both sides of the body
  206. dia-
  207. through, between, across, apart
  208. di/a/RRHE/a
  209. diarrhea
  210. frequent watery stools
  211. dis-
  212. apart
  213. dis/SECT
  214. dissect
  215. to cut apart or separate
  216. dys-
  217. painful, difficult, disordered
  218. dys/men/o/RRHE/a
  219. dysmenorrhea
  220. painful menstruation
  221. ecto-
  222. outer, or the outside
  223. ect/o/PAR/a/site
  224. ectoparasite
  225. parasite living on the surface of the host's body
  226. -ectomy
  227. surgical removal
  228. pros/ta/TEC/to/my
  229. prostatectomy
  230. surgical removal of the prostate
  231. -emesis
  232. vomiting
  233. hem/at/EM/e/sis
  234. hematemesis
  235. the vomiting of blood
  236. -emia
  237. blood
  238. leu/KE/mi/a
  239. leukemia
  240. disease of the blood-forming organs
  241. en-
  242. in, inside
  243. en/CAP/su/la/ted
  244. encapsulated
  245. enclosed inside a capsule
  246. encephalo
  247. brain
  248. en/ceph/a/LI/tis
  249. encephalitis
  250. inflammation of the brain
  251. endo-
  252. within, inner, on the inside
  253. en/do/ME/tri/um
  254. endometrium
  255. the mucous membrane lining the uterus
  256. entero
  257. intestine
  258. en/ter/I/tis
  259. enteritis
  260. inflammation of the intestine
  261. epi-
  262. above, over
  263. ep/i/GAS/tric
  264. epigastric
  265. upper and middle region of the abdomen
  266. erythro
  267. red
  268. er/yth/RO/blast
  269. erythroblast
  270. any nucleated red cell
  271. -esthesia
  272. sensation
  273. an/es/THE/si/a
  274. anesthesia
  275. loss of feeling or sensation
  276. ex-
  277. out
  278. ex/CRE/tion
  279. excretion
  280. the evacuation of feces
  281. febr
  282. fever
  283. a/FEB/rile
  284. afebrile
  285. without fever
  286. fibro
  287. connective tissue
  288. FI/broid
  289. fibroid
  290. structured of fibers
  291. gastro
  292. stomach
  293. gas/tro-in/TEST/in/al
  294. gastrointestinal
  295. pertaining to the stomach and intestine
  296. -gene
  297. production, origin
  298. neu/ro/GEN/ic
  299. neurogenic
  300. forming nervous tissue
  301. glosso
  302. tongue
  303. glos/SAL/gi/a
  304. glossalgia
  305. pain in the tongue
  306. glyco
  307. sugar, sweet
  308. GLY/co/gen
  309. glycogen
  310. a polysaccharide which is a carbohydrate storage material in animals
  311. -gram
  312. record
  313. MY/e/lo/gram
  314. myelogram
  315. film produced by myelography
  316. -graph
  317. machine
  318. e/lec/tro/en/CEPH/al/o/graph
  319. electroencephalograph
  320. instrument used in electroencephalography
  321. -graphy
  322. practice, process
  323. ven/tri/cu/LOG/ra/phy
  324. ventriculography
  325. a roentgenography after injection of contrast material
  326. gyne
  327. woman
  328. gy/ne/COL/o/gy
  329. gynecology
  330. medical science dealing with diseases of the genital tract in women
  331. hemato
  332. blood
  333. hem/at/OL/o/gy
  334. hematology
  335. medical science dealing with studies of the blood
  336. hemi-
  337. half
  338. hem/i/PLE/gi/a
  339. hemiplegia
  340. paralysis of one side of the body
  341. hepato
  342. liver
  343. hep/a/TI/tis
  344. hepatitis
  345. inflammation of the liver
  346. herni
  347. rupture
  348. her/ni/A/tion
  349. herniation
  350. abnormal protrusion of an organ
  351. histo
  352. tissue
  353. his/TOL/o/gy
  354. histology
  355. deals with the minute structure, composition, and function of tissues
  356. hydro-
  357. water
  358. hy/dro/neph/RO/sis
  359. hydronephrosis
  360. distention of renal pelvis with urine
  361. hyper-
  362. over, above, increased, excessive
  363. hy/per/TEN/sion
  364. hypertension
  365. high blood pressure
  366. hypo-
  367. under, beneath, decreased
  368. hy/po/TEN/sion
  369. hypotension
  370. low blood pressure
  371. hyster
  372. uterus
  373. hys/ter/ECT/o/my
  374. hysterectomy
  375. surgical removal of the uterus
  376. -iasis
  377. condition of
  378. psor/I/a/sis
  379. psoriasis
  380. a chronic, recurrent skin disease
  381. ictero
  382. jaundice
  383. IC/ter/us
  384. icterus
  385. yellowness of skin, sclerae, mucous membranes, and excretions 
  386. ileo
  387. ileum (part of small intestine)
  388. il/e/I/tis
  389. ileitis
  390. inflammation of the ileum
  391. inter-
  392. between
  393. in/ter/CELL/u/lar
  394. intercellular
  395. between the cells
  396. intra-
  397. within
  398. in/tra/MUS/cu/lar
  399. intramuscular
  400. within the muscular substance
  401. -itis
  402. inflammation of 
  403. ap/pen/di/CI/tis
  404. appendicitis
  405. inflammation of the appendix
  406. laparo
  407. abdomen
  408. la/par/OT/o/my
  409. laparotomy
  410. incision through the abdominal wall
  411. -lepsy
  412. seizure, convulse
  413. NAR/co/lep/sy
  414. narcolepsy
  415. uncontrollable episodes of sleep associated with hypnagogic hallucinations
  416. leuko
  417. white
  418. leu/ko/RRHE/a
  419. leukorrhea
  420. whitish or yellowish discharge
  421. lipo
  422. fat
  423. lip/O/ma
  424. lipoma
  425. benign, fatty tumor
  426. lith
  427. stone, calculus
  428. lith/OT/o/my
  429. lithotomy
  430. incision of a duct or organ for removal of calculi
  431. -lysis
  432. loosen, dissolve
  433. hem/OL/y/sis
  434. hemolysis
  435. rupture of erythrocytes with release of hemoglobin into the plasma
  436. macro-
  437. large, long
  438. MAC/ro/cyte
  439. macrocyte
  440. an abnormally large erythrocyte
  441. mal-
  442. bad, poor, disordered
  443. mal/ad/JUST/ed
  444. maladjusted
  445. not fitting ones inner needs to the environment
  446. -mania
  447. insanity
  448. klep/to/MAN/ia
  449. kleptomania
  450. an abnormal, uncontrollable desire to steal
  451. mast
  452. breast
  453. mas/TEC/to/my
  454. mastectomy
  455. surgical removal of breast tissue
  456. mega-
  457. large
  458. ac/ro/MEG/a/ly
  459. acromegaly
  460. abnormal enlargement of extremities of the skeleton
  461. men
  462. month
  463. men/stru/A/tion
  464. menstruation
  465. vaginal discharge of blood from the uterus; occurs each 28 days (approx)
  466. meso-
  467. middle
  468. MES/o/bron/chi/tis
  469. mesobronchitis
  470. inflammation of the middle coat of the bronchi
  471. -meter
  472. measure
  473. ther/MOM/e/ter
  474. thermometer
  475. instrument for measuring temperatures
  476. metro
  477. uterus
  478. met/ror/RHA/gi/a
  479. metrorrhagia
  480. irregular uterine bleeding
  481. micro-
  482. small
  483. MIC/ro/scope
  484. microscope
  485. instrument used to obtain an enlarged image of small objects
  486. mono-
  487. single, one
  488. mon/o/NEU/ral
  489. mononeural
  490. supplied by a single nerve
  491. muco
  492. mucous membrane
  493. mu/co/cu/TA/ne/ous
  494. mucocutaneous
  495. pertaining to mucous membrane and skin
  496. myelo
  497. spinal cord, bone marrow
  498. my/el/o/men/IN/go/cele
  499. myelomeningocele
  500. hernial protrusion of the spinal cord
  501. myo
  502. muscle
  503. my/OP/a/thy
  504. myopathy
  505. any disease of a muscle
  506. narco
  507. sleep
  508. nar/COT/ic
  509. narcotic
  510. drug that produces insensibility or stupor
  511. naso
  512. nose
  513. nas/o/PHA/rynx
  514. nasopharynx
  515. the part of the pharynx above the soft palate
  516. necro
  517. death
  518. NEC/rop/sy
  519. necropsy
  520. examination of a body after death
  521. neo-
  522. new
  523. NE/o/plasm
  524. neoplasm
  525. any new and abnormal growth
  526. nephro
  527. kidney
  528. ne/PHRI/tis
  529. nephritis
  530. inflammation of the kidney
  531. neuro
  532. nerve
  533. neu/RAL/gi/a
  534. neuralgia
  535. pain in a nerve
  536. non-
  537. no, not
  538. non/TOX/ic
  539. nontoxic
  540. not poison
  541. oculo
  542. eye
  543. O/cu/list
  544. oculist
  545. ophthalmologist, eye specialist
  546. -ology
  547. study of
  548. bac/ter/i/OL/o/gy
  549. bacteriology
  550. scientific study of bacteria
  551. -oma
  552. tumor
  553. car/ci/NO/ma
  554. carcinoma
  555. malignant new growth
  556. oophor
  557. ovary
  558. o/opho/REC/to/my
  559. oophorectomy
  560. excision of one or both ovaries
  561. ophthalmo
  562. eye
  563. oph/THAL/mo/scope
  564. ophthalmoscope
  565. instrument for examining the inner eye
  566. -opia
  567. vision
  568. dip/LO/pi/a
  569. diplopia
  570. the perception of two images of a single object (double vision)
  571. orchi
  572. testicle
  573. ORCH/i/pex/y
  574. orchipexy
  575. surgical fixation of an undecended testicle
  576. -orrhaphy
  577. to repair a defect
  578. her/ni/OR/rhaph/y
  579. herniorrhaphy
  580. surgical repair of hernia with suture of the abdominal wall
  581. ortho-
  582. straight
  583. orth/o/PED/ics
  584. orthopedics
  585. branch of surgery dealing with the skeletal system
  586. -oscopy
  587. look into, see
  588. e/soph/a/GOS/co/py
  589. esophagoscopy
  590. direct visual examination of the esophagus with an esophagoscope
  591. -osis
  592. condition of
  593. neu/RO/sis
  594. neurosis
  595. mild form of mental illness
  596. osteo
  597. bone
  598. os/te/o/por/O/sis
  599. osteoporosis
  600. decreased mass per unit volume of normally mineralized bone
  601. -ostomy
  602. surgical opening
  603. col/OST/o/my
  604. colostomy
  605. incision of the colon
  606. oto
  607. ear
  608. o/to/CLEI/sis
  609. otocleisis
  610. closure of the auditory passages
  611. -otomy
  612. incision, surgical cutting
  613. gas/TROT/o/my
  614. gastrotomy
  615. incision into the stomach
  616. para-
  617. alongside of
  618. par/a/PLE/gi/a
  619. paraplegia
  620. paralysis of the legs / lower part of the body
  621. path
  622. disease
  623. pa/THOL/o/gy
  624. pathology
  625. branch of medicine dealing with the essential nature of disease
  626. ped
  627. foot, child
  628. pe/di/AT/rics
  629. pediatrics
  630. branch of medicine dealing with childhood diseases
  631. -penia
  632. too few
  633. leu-ko/PEN/i/a
  634. leukopenia
  635. reduction of the number of leukocytes in the blood
  636. peri-
  637. around, covering
  638. pe/ri/car/DI/tis
  639. pericarditis
  640. inflammation of the fibroserous sac enclosing the heart
  641. -pexy
  642. to sew up in position
  643. NEPH/ro/pex/y
  644. nephropexy
  645. surgical fixation of a hypermobile kidney
  646. pharyngo
  647. throat
  648. pha/RYN/go/plas/ty
  649. pharyngoplasty
  650. plastic repair of the pharynx
  651. phlebo
  652. vein
  653. phle/BI/tis
  654. phlebitis
  655. inflammation of a vein
  656. -phobia
  657. fear, dread
  658. pho/to/PHO/bi/a
  659. photophobia
  660. abnormal visual intolerance to light
  661. -plasty
  662. operative revision
  663. RHI/no/plas/ty
  664. rhinoplasty
  665. plastic surgery of the nose
  666. plegia
  667. paralysis
  668. qua/dri/PLE/gi/a
  669. quadriplegia
  670. paralysis of all four limbs
  671. -pnea
  672. breathing
  673. or/thop/NE/a
  674. orthopnea
  675. ability to breath easily only in the upright position
  676. pneumo
  677. air, lungs
  678. pneu/MO/ni/a
  679. pneumonia
  680. inflammation of the lung with consolidation and exudation
  681. poly-
  682. much, many
  683. po/ly/U/ri/a
  684. polyuria
  685. excessive excretion of urine
  686. post-
  687. after
  688. post/PAR/tum
  689. postpartum
  690. occurring after childbirth, with reference to the mother
  691. procto
  692. rectum
  693. proc/TOS/co/py
  694. proctoscopy
  695. inspection of the rectum with a proctoscope
  696. pre-
  697. before
  698. pre/OP/er/a/tive
  699. preoperative
  700. preceding an operation
  701. -ptosis
  702. falling
  703. neph/rop/TO/sis
  704. nephroptosis
  705. downward displacement of a kidney
  706. pyelo
  707. pelvis of kidney
  708. py/el/o/neph/RI/tis
  709. pyelonephritis
  710. inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
  711. pyo
  712. pus
  713. em/py/E/ma
  714. empyema
  715. accumulation of pus in a body cavity
  716. pyro
  717. heat, temperature
  718. py/REX/i/a
  719. pyrexia
  720. a fever, or febrile condition
  721. quadri-
  722. four
  723. QUAD/ri/ceps
  724. quadriceps
  725. having four heads
  726. quint-
  727. five
  728. QUIN/tu/plet
  729. quintuplet
  730. one of five offspring of a single birth
  731. rachi-
  732. spine
  733. ra/chi/AL/gi/a
  734. rachialgia
  735. pain in the spine
  736. radio-
  737. ray, radiation, radium
  738. ra/di/o/AC/tive
  739. radioactive
  740. characterized by radioactivity
  741. renal
  742. kidney
  743. su/pra/RE/nal
  744. suprarenal
  745. above a kidney
  746. retro-
  747. behind, backward
  748. RET/ro/ves/i/cal
  749. retrovesical
  750. behind the urinary bladder
  751. -rhage
  752. hemorrhage, flow
  753. HEM/or/rhage
  754. hemorrhage
  755. the escape of blood from a ruptured vessel
  756. -rhea
  757. flow
  758. di/a/RRHE/a
  759. diarrhea
  760. rapid movement of fecal matter producing frequent watery stools
  761. rhino
  762. nose
  763. rhi/NOP/a/thy
  764. rhinopathy
  765. any disease of the nose
  766. salpingo
  767. oviduct
  768. sal/pin/GEC/to/my
  769. salpingectomy
  770. excision of a uterine tube
  771. sapro-
  772. rotten, putrid, decay
  773. sap/ro/ZO/ic
  774. saprozoic
  775. living on decaying organic matter
  776. sarco-
  777. flesh
  778. SAR/coid
  779. sarcoid
  780. sarcoidosis, a sarcomalike tumor, fleshlike
  781. semi-
  782. half
  783. sem/i/CIR/cu/lar
  784. semicircular
  785. shaped like a half-circle
  786. septic
  787. poison, infection
  788. sep/ti/CEM/i/a
  789. septicemia
  790. blood poisoning
  791. stomato
  792. mouth
  793. sto/ma/TI/tis
  794. stomatitis
  795. inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth
  796. sub-
  797. under
  798. sub/a/CUTE
  799. subacute
  800. somewhat acute, between acute and chronic
  801. super
  802. above
  803. su/pra/PU/bic
  804. suprapubic
  805. above the pubes
  806. -therapy
  807. treatment
  808. hy/dro/THER/a/py
  809. hydrotherapy
  810. external use of water to treat disease or injury
  811. -theremy
  812. heat
  813. DI/a/therm/y
  814. diathermy
  815. electrical currents as a form of physical therapy or surgical procedure
  816. thoraco
  817. chest
  818. thor/a/COT/o/my
  819. thoracotomy
  820. incision of the chest wall
  821. thrombo
  822. clot
  823. throm/BO/sis
  824. thrombosis
  825. formation or development of a vascular obstruction
  826. thyro
  827. thyroid gland
  828. thy/ROX/in
  829. thyroxin
  830. a hormone of the thyroid gland containing iodine
  831. trans-
  832. across
  833. trans/FU/sion
  834. transfusion
  835. introduction of whole blood or blood components into the blood stream
  836. ultra-
  837. beyound, excess
  838. ul/tra/SON/ic
  839. ultrasonic
  840. beyond the audible range
  841. uni
  842. one
  843. u/ni/CELL/u/lar
  844. unicellular
  845. made up of a single cell
  846. urethro-
  847. urethra
  848. u/re/THRAL/gi/a
  849. urethralgia
  850. pain in the urethra
  851. urino-
  852. urine
  853. U/ri/nar/y
  854. urinary
  855. pertaining to the urine
  856. -uria
  857. condition of, presence in urine
  858. gly/co/SUR/i/a
  859. glycosuria
  860. presence of glocose in the urine
  861. uro
  862. urine
  863. U/ro/cele
  864. urocele
  865. distention of the scrotum with extravasated urine
  866. utero-
  867. uterus
  868. u/ter/AL/gi/a
  869. uteralgia
  870. pain in the uterus
  871. uve-
  872. uvea
  873. u/ve/I/tis
  874. uveitis
  875. inflammation of the middle tunic of the eye
  876. vaso
  877. blood vessel
  878. vas/o/con/STRIC/tion
  879. vasoconstriction
  880. decrease in the caliber of blood vessels
  881. veni-
  882. vein
  883. ven/i/PUNC/ture
  884. venipuncture
  885. surgical puncture of a vein
  886. ventri-
  887. belly, front aspect of body
  888. ven/TRIC/u/lus
  889. ventriculus
  890. a ventricle, the stomach
  891. vesico-
  892. blister, bladder
  893. VES/i/cant
  894. vesicant
  895. producing blisters, an agent that produces blisters
  896. xer-
  897. dry, dryness
  898. xe/ro/STO/mi/a
  899. xerostomia
  900. dryness of the mouth from salivary gland dysfunction
  901. xipho-
  902. xiphoid process
  903. xiph/oi/DI/tis
  904. xiphoiditis
  905. inflammation of the xiphoid process
  906. zoo-
  907. animal
  908. zo/o/DER/mic
  909. zoodermic
  910. performed with the skin of an animal
  911. zyg-
  912. yoked, joined, a junction
  913. zy/go/DAC/ty/ly
  914. zygodactyly
  915. union of digits by soft tissue
  916. zymo-
  917. enzyme, fermentation
  918. ZI/mic
  919. zimic
  920. pertaining to enzymes or fermentation
  921.