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-
- This document is an attempt to summarize what I (Doug Houck)
- have learned from creating and using FracGen. This is a collection of
- notes and observations to stimulate your mind.
-
- A fractal is an object with a non-integer dimension. But how does
- a person create a fractal from stock n-dimesional materials? There are
- two basic methods, which I will call Subtractive and Additive.
-
- SUBTRACTIVE METHOD
-
- A simple example of the Subtractive method is to take a sheet of
- paper, which has two (2) dimensions, and punch holes in it a with a paper
- punch or shotgun. If half (.5) of the paper were punched out (subtracted),
- the remaining paper would have the fractal dimension (2 - .5), or 1.5.
- The more paper you punch out, the more the fractal dimension approaches 1.
-
- ADDITIVE METHOD
-
- An example of the Additive method is crumpling a piece of paper.
- Flat paper has two (2) dimensions, length and width, but when crumpled it
- adds a third dimension, density. The fractal dimension would be
- (2 + density), where density ranges from 0 to 1. Loosely crumpled
- paper might have a fractal dimension of 2.1, while tightly crumpled paper
- might be 2.9.
-
- Another example of the Additive method is scribbling on paper with a
- pen. A simple straight penstroke has one dimension, length. Scribble all
- over the sheet of paper, so that the paper is half covered with ink.
- If the ink were to completely cover the paper, the ink would be
- two-dimensional. Since it only half-covers the paper, the fractal
- dimension is (1 + .5), or 1.5. FracGen uses the Additive method.
-
- TRUE FRACTALS
-
- As I understand them, fractals are self-avoiding. Many of
- the fractals on this disk are not truly fractals, since they lap over
- themselves. However, they do exhibit a striking degree of self-similarity,
- which is a major part of the appeal of fractals.
-
- DOMINANT GENES
-
- Most of the fractals in Mandelbrot's book, "The Fractal Geometry
- of Nature", have seeds in which the line segments are all the same
- length. A major premise of this program is to allow lines of different
- length. A prime example of this is MondoSpiral, in the Geometric
- drawer. The longest line segment provides the basic character, the
- spiral, while the shorter line segments provide body and embellishment.
-
- If the fractal seeds could be thought of in terms of DNA,
- the longer line segments are dominant genes, while the shorter line
- segments are the recessive genes.
-
- DNA
-
- The strands of protein that make up your genes don't have
- enough bandwidth to directly encode such things as the precise shape
- of your ear, or pointiness of your adam's apple. However, by using
- a scheme such as in FracGen, these things may be derived by repetitively
- applying the seed to itself. Thus, much information may be encoded in
- a small space.
-
- ENZYMES
-
- Enzymes have several levels of structure. First the molecules
- have certain angles. Then molecules are combined to form amino acids,
- which are combined in certain angles to form proteins. But not done
- yet! Another level of structure is added, analogous to shaping a wad
- of string into an 'S' shape. Look at 'S' in the Geometry drawer.
-
- SIERPINSKI TRIANGLE
-
- Sierpinski formulated the famous Sierpinksi triangle, which looks
- like a triangle with triangular holes. (Look in the Sierpinski drawer.)
- I stumbled upon three different ways to draw it, which supports the belief
- that triangles are the strongest and most basic shapes known.
-
- GEOMETRY OF NATURE
-
- Much of classic geometry deals with 'nice' angles, such as 45
- and 90, and 'nice' proportions, such as 1/2 or 1/3. However, the fractal
- seeds that best describe natural objects have odd angles like 17.3, and
- odd proportions. Indeed, it is these oddities that give rise to the
- infinite variations that give an object a 'natural' look.
-
-