Transcription: Here, a volatile member function, countChar, returns as an integer the number of characters in an object of type IO-buffer. Notice that the syntax is similar to the syntax for declaring a member function to be constant. The syntax rules for volatile objects of class type and for volatile data members are similar to those for constant objects and members. The difference is that, unlike constants, values of volatile objects and data members can be changed during program execution. A member function can be declared both volatile and constant, as is the inspect function in this example.