Windows Game Programming for Dummies (2nd Edition)

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C/C++ Source or Header | 2002-05-02 | 84KB | 3,232 lines

// GPDUMB1.CPP - Game Engine Part I // INCLUDES /////////////////////////////////////////////// #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN #include <windows.h> // include important windows stuff #include <windowsx.h> #include <mmsystem.h> #include <iostream.h> // include important C/C++ stuff #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <memory.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <io.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <ddraw.h> // directX includes #include "gpdumb1.h" // DEFINES //////////////////////////////////////////////// // TYPES ////////////////////////////////////////////////// // PROTOTYPES ///////////////////////////////////////////// // EXTERNALS ///////////////////////////////////////////// extern HWND main_window_handle; // save the window handle extern HINSTANCE main_instance; // save the instance // GLOBALS //////////////////////////////////////////////// FILE *fp_error = NULL; // general error file LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // dd object LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // dd primary surface LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // dd back surface LPDIRECTDRAWPALETTE lpddpal = NULL; // a pointer to the created dd palette LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper = NULL; // dd clipper PALETTEENTRY palette[256]; // color palette PALETTEENTRY save_palette[256]; // used to save palettes DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // a direct draw surface description struct DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // used to fill DDSCAPS2 ddscaps; // a direct draw surface capabilities struct HRESULT ddrval; // result back from dd calls UCHAR *primary_buffer = NULL; // primary video buffer UCHAR *back_buffer = NULL; // secondary back buffer int primary_lpitch = 0; // memory line pitch int back_lpitch = 0; // memory line pitch BITMAP_FILE bitmap16bit; // a 16 bit bitmap file BITMAP_FILE bitmap8bit; // a 8 bit bitmap file DWORD start_clock_count = 0; // used for timing // these defined the general clipping rectangle int min_clip_x = 0, // clipping rectangle max_clip_x = SCREEN_WIDTH-1, min_clip_y = 0, max_clip_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT-1; // these are overwritten globally by DD_Init() int screen_width = SCREEN_WIDTH, // width of screen screen_height = SCREEN_HEIGHT, // height of screen screen_bpp = SCREEN_BPP; // bits per pixel // FUNCTIONS ////////////////////////////////////////////// // the BOB engine, note that 90% of the BOB functions have // the exact same code for the 8 and 16 bit versions, however // I decided that it was just easier using all 8 or 16 bit // versions syntactically, plus you might want to add some // more functionality to the 16 bit versions, so having separate // functions makes that easier -- /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Create_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, // the bob to create float x, float y, // initial posiiton int width, int height, // size of bob int num_frames, // number of frames int attr, // attrs int mem_flags) // memory flag { // Create the BOB object, note that all BOBs // are created as offscreen surfaces in VRAM as the // default, if you want to use system memory then // set flags equal to DDSCAPS_SYSTEMMEMORY DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // used to create surface int index; // looping var // set state and attributes of BOB bob->state = BOB_STATE_ALIVE; bob->attr = attr; bob->anim_state = 0; bob->counter_1 = 0; bob->counter_2 = 0; bob->max_count_1 = 0; bob->max_count_2 = 0; bob->curr_frame = 0; bob->num_frames = num_frames; bob->curr_animation = 0; bob->anim_counter = 0; bob->anim_index = 0; bob->anim_count_max = 0; bob->x = x; bob->y = y; bob->xv = 0; bob->yv = 0; // set dimensions of the new bitmap surface bob->width = width; bob->height = height; bob->bpp = 8; // set all images to null for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_FRAMES; index++) bob->images[index] = NULL; // set all animations to null for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS; index++) bob->animations[index] = NULL; // make sure width is a multiple of 8 bob->width_fill = ((width%8!=0) ? (8-width%8) : 0); Write_Error("\nCreate BOB %d",bob->width_fill); // now create each surface for (index=0; index<bob->num_frames; index++) { // set to access caps, width, and height memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_WIDTH | DDSD_HEIGHT; ddsd.dwWidth = bob->width + bob->width_fill; ddsd.dwHeight = bob->height; // set surface to offscreen plain ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN | mem_flags; // create the surfaces if (lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&(bob->images[index]),NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set color key to color 0 DDCOLORKEY color_key; // used to set color key color_key.dwColorSpaceLowValue = 0; color_key.dwColorSpaceHighValue = 0; // now set the color key for source blitting (bob->images[index])->SetColorKey(DDCKEY_SRCBLT, &color_key); } // end for index // return success return(1); } // end Create_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Create_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, // the bob to create float x, float y, // initial posiiton int width, int height, // size of bob int num_frames, // number of frames int attr, // attrs int mem_flags) // memory flag { // Create the 16-bit BOB object, note that all BOBs // are created as offscreen surfaces in VRAM as the // default, if you want to use system memory then // set flags equal to DDSCAPS_SYSTEMMEMORY DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // used to create surface int index; // looping var // set state and attributes of BOB bob->state = BOB_STATE_ALIVE; bob->attr = attr; bob->anim_state = 0; bob->counter_1 = 0; bob->counter_2 = 0; bob->max_count_1 = 0; bob->max_count_2 = 0; bob->curr_frame = 0; bob->num_frames = num_frames; bob->curr_animation = 0; bob->anim_counter = 0; bob->anim_index = 0; bob->anim_count_max = 0; bob->x = x; bob->y = y; bob->xv = 0; bob->yv = 0; // set dimensions of the new bitmap surface bob->width = width; bob->height = height; bob->bpp = 16; // set all images to null for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_FRAMES; index++) bob->images[index] = NULL; // set all animations to null for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS; index++) bob->animations[index] = NULL; // make sure width is a multiple of 8 bob->width_fill = ((width%8!=0) ? (8-width%8) : 0); Write_Error("\nCreate BOB %d",bob->width_fill); // now create each surface for (index=0; index<bob->num_frames; index++) { // set to access caps, width, and height memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_WIDTH | DDSD_HEIGHT; ddsd.dwWidth = bob->width + bob->width_fill; ddsd.dwHeight = bob->height; // set surface to offscreen plain ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN | mem_flags; // create the surfaces if (lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&(bob->images[index]),NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set color key to RGB (0,0,0) color 0 DDCOLORKEY color_key; // used to set color key color_key.dwColorSpaceLowValue = _RGB16BIT565(0,0,0); color_key.dwColorSpaceHighValue = _RGB16BIT565(0,0,0); // now set the color key for source blitting (bob->images[index])->SetColorKey(DDCKEY_SRCBLT, &color_key); } // end for index // return success return(1); } // end Create_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Destroy_BOB(BOB_PTR bob) { // destroy the BOB, simply release the surface int index; // looping var // is this bob valid if (!bob) return(0); // destroy each bitmap surface for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_FRAMES; index++) if (bob->images[index]) (bob->images[index])->Release(); // release memory for animation sequences for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS; index++) if (bob->animations[index]) free(bob->animations[index]); // return success return(1); } // end Destroy_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Destroy_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob) { // destroy the BOB, simply release the surface int index; // looping var // is this bob valid if (!bob) return(0); // destroy each bitmap surface for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_FRAMES; index++) if (bob->images[index]) (bob->images[index])->Release(); // release memory for animation sequences for (index=0; index < MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS; index++) if (bob->animations[index]) free(bob->animations[index]); // return success return(1); } // end Destroy_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, // bob to draw LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 dest) // surface to draw the bob on { // draw a bob at the x,y defined in the BOB // on the destination surface defined in dest RECT dest_rect, // the destination rectangle source_rect; // the source rectangle // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // is bob visible if (!(bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE)) return(1); // fill in the destination rect dest_rect.left = bob->x; dest_rect.top = bob->y; dest_rect.right = bob->x+bob->width; dest_rect.bottom = bob->y+bob->height; // fill in the source rect source_rect.left = 0; source_rect.top = 0; source_rect.right = bob->width; source_rect.bottom = bob->height; // blt to destination surface if (dest->Blt(&dest_rect, bob->images[bob->curr_frame], &source_rect,(DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_KEYSRC), NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, // bob to draw LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 dest) // surface to draw the bob on { // draw a bob at the x,y defined in the BOB // on the destination surface defined in dest RECT dest_rect, // the destination rectangle source_rect; // the source rectangle // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // is bob visible if (!(bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE)) return(1); // fill in the destination rect dest_rect.left = bob->x; dest_rect.top = bob->y; dest_rect.right = bob->x+bob->width; dest_rect.bottom = bob->y+bob->height; // fill in the source rect source_rect.left = 0; source_rect.top = 0; source_rect.right = bob->width; source_rect.bottom = bob->height; // blt to destination surface if (dest->Blt(&dest_rect, bob->images[bob->curr_frame], &source_rect,(DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_KEYSRC), NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Scaled_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, int swidth, int sheight, // bob and new dimensions LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 dest) // surface to draw the bob on) { // this function draws a scaled bob to the size swidth, sheight RECT dest_rect, // the destination rectangle source_rect; // the source rectangle // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // is bob visible if (!(bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE)) return(1); // fill in the destination rect dest_rect.left = bob->x; dest_rect.top = bob->y; dest_rect.right = bob->x+swidth; dest_rect.bottom = bob->y+sheight; // fill in the source rect source_rect.left = 0; source_rect.top = 0; source_rect.right = bob->width; source_rect.bottom = bob->height; // blt to destination surface if (dest->Blt(&dest_rect, bob->images[bob->curr_frame], &source_rect,(DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_KEYSRC), NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Scaled_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Scaled_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, int swidth, int sheight, // bob and new dimensions LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 dest) // surface to draw the bob on) { // this function draws a scaled bob to the size swidth, sheight RECT dest_rect, // the destination rectangle source_rect; // the source rectangle // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // is bob visible if (!(bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE)) return(1); // fill in the destination rect dest_rect.left = bob->x; dest_rect.top = bob->y; dest_rect.right = bob->x+swidth; dest_rect.bottom = bob->y+sheight; // fill in the source rect source_rect.left = 0; source_rect.top = 0; source_rect.right = bob->width; source_rect.bottom = bob->height; // blt to destination surface if (dest->Blt(&dest_rect, bob->images[bob->curr_frame], &source_rect,(DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_KEYSRC), NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Scaled_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Frame_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, // bob to load with data BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap, // bitmap to scan image data from int frame, // frame to load int cx,int cy, // cell or absolute pos. to scan image from int mode) // if 0 then cx,cy is cell position, else // cx,cy are absolute coords { // this function extracts a bitmap out of a bitmap file UCHAR *source_ptr, // working pointers *dest_ptr; DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // direct draw surface description // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // test the mode of extraction, cell based or absolute if (mode==BITMAP_EXTRACT_MODE_CELL) { // re-compute x,y cx = cx*(bob->width+1) + 1; cy = cy*(bob->height+1) + 1; } // end if // extract bitmap data source_ptr = bitmap->buffer + cy*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth+cx; // get the addr to destination surface memory // set size of the structure ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); // lock the display surface (bob->images[frame])->Lock(NULL, &ddsd, DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR, NULL); // assign a pointer to the memory surface for manipulation dest_ptr = (UCHAR *)ddsd.lpSurface; // iterate thru each scanline and copy bitmap for (int index_y=0; index_y<bob->height; index_y++) { // copy next line of data to destination memcpy(dest_ptr, source_ptr,bob->width); // advance pointers dest_ptr += (bob->width+bob->width_fill); source_ptr += bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth; } // end for index_y // unlock the surface (bob->images[frame])->Unlock(NULL); // set state to loaded bob->attr |= BOB_ATTR_LOADED; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Frame_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Frame_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, // bob to load with data BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap, // bitmap to scan image data from int frame, // frame to load int cx,int cy, // cell or absolute pos. to scan image from int mode) // if 0 then cx,cy is cell position, else // cx,cy are absolute coords { // this function extracts a bitmap out of a bitmap file USHORT *source_ptr, // working pointers *dest_ptr; DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // direct draw surface description // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // test the mode of extraction, cell based or absolute if (mode==BITMAP_EXTRACT_MODE_CELL) { // re-compute x,y cx = cx*(bob->width+1) + 1; cy = cy*(bob->height+1) + 1; } // end if // extract bitmap data source_ptr = (USHORT *)bitmap->buffer + cy*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth+cx; // get the addr to destination surface memory // set size of the structure ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); // lock the display surface (bob->images[frame])->Lock(NULL, &ddsd, DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR, NULL); // assign a pointer to the memory surface for manipulation dest_ptr = (USHORT *)ddsd.lpSurface; // iterate thru each scanline and copy bitmap for (int index_y=0; index_y<bob->height; index_y++) { // copy next line of data to destination memcpy(dest_ptr, source_ptr,(bob->width*2)); // advance pointers dest_ptr += (ddsd.lPitch >> 1); source_ptr += bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth; } // end for index_y // unlock the surface (bob->images[frame])->Unlock(NULL); // set state to loaded bob->attr |= BOB_ATTR_LOADED; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Frame_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Animate_BOB(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function animates a bob, basically it takes a look at // the attributes of the bob and determines if the bob is // a single frame, multiframe, or multi animation, updates // the counters and frames appropriately #if 0 int curr_frame; // current animation frame int num_frames; // total number of animation frames int curr_animation; // index of current animation int anim_counter; // used to time animation transitions int anim_index; // animation element index int anim_count_max; // number of cycles before animation int *animations[MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS]; // animation sequences LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 images[MAX_BOB_FRAMES]; // the bitmap images DD surfaces #endif // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // test the level of animation if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_SINGLE_FRAME) { // current frame always = 0 bob->curr_frame = 0; return(1); } // end if else if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_MULTI_FRAME) { // update the counter and test if its time to increment frame if (++bob->anim_counter >= bob->anim_count_max) { // reset counter bob->anim_counter = 0; // move to next frame if (++bob->curr_frame >= bob->num_frames) bob->curr_frame = 0; } // end if } // end elseif else if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_MULTI_ANIM) { // this is the most complex of the animations it must look up the // next frame in the animation sequence // first test if its time to animate if (++bob->anim_counter >= bob->anim_count_max) { // reset counter bob->anim_counter = 0; // increment the animation frame index bob->anim_index++; // extract the next frame from animation list bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; // is this and end sequence flag -1 if (bob->curr_frame == -1) { // test if this is a single shot animation if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_ANIM_ONE_SHOT) { // set animation state message to done bob->anim_state = BOB_STATE_ANIM_DONE; // reset frame back one bob->anim_index--; // extract animation frame bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; } // end if else { // reset animation index bob->anim_index = 0; // extract first animation frame bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; } // end else } // end if } // end if } // end elseif // return success return(1); } // end Animate_BOB //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Animate_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function animates a bob, basically it takes a look at // the attributes of the bob and determines if the bob is // a single frame, multiframe, or multi animation, updates // the counters and frames appropriately #if 0 int curr_frame; // current animation frame int num_frames; // total number of animation frames int curr_animation; // index of current animation int anim_counter; // used to time animation transitions int anim_index; // animation element index int anim_count_max; // number of cycles before animation int *animations[MAX_BOB_ANIMATIONS]; // animation sequences LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 images[MAX_BOB_FRAMES]; // the bitmap images DD surfaces #endif // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // test the level of animation if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_SINGLE_FRAME) { // current frame always = 0 bob->curr_frame = 0; return(1); } // end if else if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_MULTI_FRAME) { // update the counter and test if its time to increment frame if (++bob->anim_counter >= bob->anim_count_max) { // reset counter bob->anim_counter = 0; // move to next frame if (++bob->curr_frame >= bob->num_frames) bob->curr_frame = 0; } // end if } // end elseif else if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_MULTI_ANIM) { // this is the most complex of the animations it must look up the // next frame in the animation sequence // first test if its time to animate if (++bob->anim_counter >= bob->anim_count_max) { // reset counter bob->anim_counter = 0; // increment the animation frame index bob->anim_index++; // extract the next frame from animation list bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; // is this and end sequence flag -1 if (bob->curr_frame == -1) { // test if this is a single shot animation if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_ANIM_ONE_SHOT) { // set animation state message to done bob->anim_state = BOB_STATE_ANIM_DONE; // reset frame back one bob->anim_index--; // extract animation frame bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; } // end if else { // reset animation index bob->anim_index = 0; // extract first animation frame bob->curr_frame = bob->animations[bob->curr_animation][bob->anim_index]; } // end else } // end if } // end if } // end elseif // return success return(1); } // end Animate_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Scroll_BOB(void) { // this function scrolls a bob // not implemented // return success return(1); } // end Scroll_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Move_BOB(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function moves the bob based on its current velocity // also, the function test for various motion attributes of the' // bob and takes the appropriate actions // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // translate the bob bob->x+=bob->xv; bob->y+=bob->yv; // test for wrap around if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_WRAPAROUND) { // test x extents first if (bob->x > max_clip_x) bob->x = min_clip_x - bob->width; else if (bob->x < min_clip_x-bob->width) bob->x = max_clip_x; // now y extents if (bob->y > max_clip_y) bob->y = min_clip_y - bob->height; else if (bob->y < min_clip_y-bob->height) bob->y = max_clip_y; } // end if else // test for bounce if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_BOUNCE) { // test x extents first if ((bob->x > max_clip_x - bob->width) || (bob->x < min_clip_x) ) bob->xv = -bob->xv; // now y extents if ((bob->y > max_clip_y - bob->height) || (bob->y < min_clip_y) ) bob->yv = -bob->yv; } // end if // return success return(1); } // end Move_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Move_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function moves the bob based on its current velocity // also, the function test for various motion attributes of the' // bob and takes the appropriate actions // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // translate the bob bob->x+=bob->xv; bob->y+=bob->yv; // test for wrap around if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_WRAPAROUND) { // test x extents first if (bob->x > max_clip_x) bob->x = min_clip_x - bob->width; else if (bob->x < min_clip_x-bob->width) bob->x = max_clip_x; // now y extents if (bob->y > max_clip_y) bob->y = min_clip_y - bob->height; else if (bob->y < min_clip_y-bob->height) bob->y = max_clip_y; } // end if else // test for bounce if (bob->attr & BOB_ATTR_BOUNCE) { // test x extents first if ((bob->x > max_clip_x - bob->width) || (bob->x < min_clip_x) ) bob->xv = -bob->xv; // now y extents if ((bob->y > max_clip_y - bob->height) || (bob->y < min_clip_y) ) bob->yv = -bob->yv; } // end if // return success return(1); } // end Move_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Animation_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, int anim_index, int num_frames, int *sequence) { // this function load an animation sequence for a bob // the sequence consists of frame indices, the function // will append a -1 to the end of the list so the display // software knows when to restart the animation sequence // is this bob valid if (!bob) return(0); // allocate memory for bob animation if (!(bob->animations[anim_index] = (int *)malloc((num_frames+1)*sizeof(int)))) return(0); // load data into for (int index=0; index<num_frames; index++) bob->animations[anim_index][index] = sequence[index]; // set the end of the list to a -1 bob->animations[anim_index][index] = -1; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Animation_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Animation_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, int anim_index, int num_frames, int *sequence) { // this function load an animation sequence for a bob // the sequence consists of frame indices, the function // will append a -1 to the end of the list so the display // software knows when to restart the animation sequence // is this bob valid if (!bob) return(0); // allocate memory for bob animation if (!(bob->animations[anim_index] = (int *)malloc((num_frames+1)*sizeof(int)))) return(0); // load data into for (int index=0; index<num_frames; index++) bob->animations[anim_index][index] = sequence[index]; // set the end of the list to a -1 bob->animations[anim_index][index] = -1; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Animation_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Pos_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, int x, int y) { // this functions sets the postion of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set positin bob->x = x; bob->y = y; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Pos_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Pos_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, int x, int y) { // this functions sets the postion of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set positin bob->x = x; bob->y = y; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Pos_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Anim_Speed_BOB(BOB_PTR bob,int speed) { // this function simply sets the animation speed of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set speed bob->anim_count_max = speed; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Anim_Speed /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Anim_Speed_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob,int speed) { // this function simply sets the animation speed of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set speed bob->anim_count_max = speed; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Anim_Speed16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Animation_BOB(BOB_PTR bob, int anim_index) { // this function sets the animation to play // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set the animation index bob->curr_animation = anim_index; // reset animation bob->anim_index = 0; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Animation_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Animation_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob, int anim_index) { // this function sets the animation to play // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set the animation index bob->curr_animation = anim_index; // reset animation bob->anim_index = 0; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Animation_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Vel_BOB(BOB_PTR bob,int xv, int yv) { // this function sets the velocity of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set velocity bob->xv = xv; bob->yv = yv; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Vel_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Vel_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob,int xv, int yv) { // this function sets the velocity of a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set velocity bob->xv = xv; bob->yv = yv; // return success return(1); } // end Set_Vel_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Hide_BOB(BOB_PTR bob) { // this functions hides bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // reset the visibility bit RESET_BIT(bob->attr, BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE); // return success return(1); } // end Hide_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Hide_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob) { // this functions hides bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // reset the visibility bit RESET_BIT(bob->attr, BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE); // return success return(1); } // end Hide_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Show_BOB(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function shows a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set the visibility bit SET_BIT(bob->attr, BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE); // return success return(1); } // end Show_BOB /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Show_BOB16(BOB_PTR bob) { // this function shows a bob // is this a valid bob if (!bob) return(0); // set the visibility bit SET_BIT(bob->attr, BOB_ATTR_VISIBLE); // return success return(1); } // end Show_BOB16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Collision_BOBS(BOB_PTR bob1, BOB_PTR bob2) { // are these a valid bobs if (!bob1 || !bob2) return(0); // get the radi of each rect int width1 = (bob1->width>>1) - (bob1->width>>3); int height1 = (bob1->height>>1) - (bob1->height>>3); int width2 = (bob2->width>>1) - (bob2->width>>3); int height2 = (bob2->height>>1) - (bob2->height>>3); // compute center of each rect int cx1 = bob1->x + width1; int cy1 = bob1->y + height1; int cx2 = bob2->x + width2; int cy2 = bob2->y + height2; // compute deltas int dx = abs(cx2 - cx1); int dy = abs(cy2 - cy1); // test if rects overlap if (dx < (width1+width2) && dy < (height1+height2)) return(1); else // else no collision return(0); } // end Collision_BOBS /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Collision_BOBS16(BOB_PTR bob1, BOB_PTR bob2) { // are these a valid bobs if (!bob1 || !bob2) return(0); // get the radi of each rect int width1 = (bob1->width>>1) - (bob1->width>>3); int height1 = (bob1->height>>1) - (bob1->height>>3); int width2 = (bob2->width>>1) - (bob2->width>>3); int height2 = (bob2->height>>1) - (bob2->height>>3); // compute center of each rect int cx1 = bob1->x + width1; int cy1 = bob1->y + height1; int cx2 = bob2->x + width2; int cy2 = bob2->y + height2; // compute deltas int dx = abs(cx2 - cx1); int dy = abs(cy2 - cy1); // test if rects overlap if (dx < (width1+width2) && dy < (height1+height2)) return(1); else // else no collision return(0); } // end Collision_BOBS16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Init(int width, int height, int bpp) { // this function initializes directdraw int index; // looping variable // create object and test for error if (DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (void **)&lpdd, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set cooperation level to windowed mode normal if (lpdd->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle, DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN | DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set the display mode if (lpdd->SetDisplayMode(width,height,bpp,0,0)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set globals screen_height = height; screen_width = width; screen_bpp = bpp; // Create the primary surface memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT; // we need to let dd know that we want a complex // flippable surface structure, set flags for that ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE | DDSCAPS_FLIP | DDSCAPS_COMPLEX; // set the backbuffer count to 1 ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1; // create the primary surface lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&lpddsprimary,NULL); // query for the backbuffer i.e the secondary surface ddscaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER; lpddsprimary->GetAttachedSurface(&ddscaps,&lpddsback); // create and attach palette for 8-bit modes if (screen_bpp==8) { // create palette data // clear all entries defensive programming memset(palette,0,256*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // create a R,G,B,GR gradient palette for (index=0; index < 256; index++) { // set each entry if (index < 64) palette[index].peRed = index*4; else // shades of green if (index >= 64 && index < 128) palette[index].peGreen = (index-64)*4; else // shades of blue if (index >= 128 && index < 192) palette[index].peBlue = (index-128)*4; else // shades of grey if (index >= 192 && index < 256) palette[index].peRed = palette[index].peGreen = palette[index].peBlue = (index-192)*4; // set flags palette[index].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE; } // end for index // now create the palette object if (lpdd->CreatePalette(DDPCAPS_8BIT | DDPCAPS_INITIALIZE | DDPCAPS_ALLOW256, palette,&lpddpal,NULL)!=DD_OK) return(0); // attach the palette to the primary if (lpddsprimary->SetPalette(lpddpal)!=DD_OK) return(0); } // end if palette // clear out both primary and secondary surfaces DD_Fill_Surface(lpddsprimary,0); DD_Fill_Surface(lpddsback,0); // return success return(1); } // end DD_Init /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Shutdown(void) { // this function release all the resources directdraw // allocated, mainly to com objects // release the clipper first if (lpddclipper) lpddclipper->Release(); // release the palette if (lpddpal) lpddpal->Release(); // release the secondary surface if (lpddsback) lpddsback->Release(); // release the primary surface if (lpddsprimary) lpddsprimary->Release(); // finally, the main dd object if (lpdd) lpdd->Release(); // return success return(1); } // end DD_Shutdown /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER DD_Attach_Clipper(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds, int num_rects, LPRECT clip_list) { // this function creates a clipper from the sent clip list and attaches // it to the sent surface int index; // looping var LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper; // pointer to the newly created dd clipper LPRGNDATA region_data; // pointer to the region data that contains // the header and clip list // first create the direct draw clipper if ((lpdd->CreateClipper(0,&lpddclipper,NULL))!=DD_OK) return(NULL); // now create the clip list from the sent data // first allocate memory for region data region_data = (LPRGNDATA)malloc(sizeof(RGNDATAHEADER)+num_rects*sizeof(RECT)); // now copy the rects into region data memcpy(region_data->Buffer, clip_list, sizeof(RECT)*num_rects); // set up fields of header region_data->rdh.dwSize = sizeof(RGNDATAHEADER); region_data->rdh.iType = RDH_RECTANGLES; region_data->rdh.nCount = num_rects; region_data->rdh.nRgnSize = num_rects*sizeof(RECT); region_data->rdh.rcBound.left = 64000; region_data->rdh.rcBound.top = 64000; region_data->rdh.rcBound.right = -64000; region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom = -64000; // find bounds of all clipping regions for (index=0; index<num_rects; index++) { // test if the next rectangle unioned with the current bound is larger if (clip_list[index].left < region_data->rdh.rcBound.left) region_data->rdh.rcBound.left = clip_list[index].left; if (clip_list[index].right > region_data->rdh.rcBound.right) region_data->rdh.rcBound.right = clip_list[index].right; if (clip_list[index].top < region_data->rdh.rcBound.top) region_data->rdh.rcBound.top = clip_list[index].top; if (clip_list[index].bottom > region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom) region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom = clip_list[index].bottom; } // end for index // now we have computed the bounding rectangle region and set up the data // now let's set the clipping list if ((lpddclipper->SetClipList(region_data, 0))!=DD_OK) { // release memory and return error free(region_data); return(NULL); } // end if // now attach the clipper to the surface if ((lpdds->SetClipper(lpddclipper))!=DD_OK) { // release memory and return error free(region_data); return(NULL); } // end if // all is well, so release memory and send back the pointer to the new clipper free(region_data); return(lpddclipper); } // end DD_Attach_Clipper /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 DD_Create_Surface(int width, int height, int mem_flags) { // this function creates an offscreen plain surface DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // working description LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds; // temporary surface // set to access caps, width, and height memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_WIDTH | DDSD_HEIGHT; // set dimensions of the new bitmap surface ddsd.dwWidth = width; ddsd.dwHeight = height; // set surface to offscreen plain ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_OFFSCREENPLAIN | mem_flags; // create the surface if (lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&lpdds,NULL)!=DD_OK) return(NULL); // set color key to 0 which is index 0 and 0,0,0 rgb DDCOLORKEY color_key; // used to set color key color_key.dwColorSpaceLowValue = 0; color_key.dwColorSpaceHighValue = 0; // now set the color key for source blitting lpdds->SetColorKey(DDCKEY_SRCBLT, &color_key); // return surface return(lpdds); } // end DD_Create_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Flip(void) { // this function flip the primary surface with the secondary surface // test if either of the buffers are locked if (primary_buffer || back_buffer) return(0); // flip pages while(lpddsprimary->Flip(NULL, DDFLIP_WAIT)!=DD_OK); // flip the surface // return success return(1); } // end DD_Flip /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Wait_For_Vsync(void) { // this function waits for a vertical blank to begin lpdd->WaitForVerticalBlank(DDWAITVB_BLOCKBEGIN,0); // return success return(1); } // end DD_Wait_For_Vsync /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Fill_Surface(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds, int color) { DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // this contains the DDBLTFX structure // clear out the structure and set the size field DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddbltfx); // set the dwfillcolor field to the desired color ddbltfx.dwFillColor = color; // ready to blt to surface lpdds->Blt(NULL, // ptr to dest rectangle NULL, // ptr to source surface, NA NULL, // ptr to source rectangle, NA DDBLT_COLORFILL | DDBLT_WAIT, // fill and wait &ddbltfx); // ptr to DDBLTFX structure // return success return(1); } // end DD_Fill_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// UCHAR *DD_Lock_Surface(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds,int *lpitch) { // this function locks the sent surface and returns a pointer to it // is this surface valid if (!lpdds) return(NULL); // lock the surface DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd); lpdds->Lock(NULL,&ddsd,DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR,NULL); // set the memory pitch if (lpitch) *lpitch = ddsd.lPitch; // return pointer to surface return((UCHAR *)ddsd.lpSurface); } // end DD_Lock_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Unlock_Surface(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds, UCHAR *surface_buffer) { // this unlocks a general surface // is this surface valid if (!lpdds) return(0); // unlock the surface memory lpdds->Unlock(NULL); // return success return(1); } // end DD_Unlock_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// UCHAR *DD_Lock_Primary_Surface(void) { // this function locks the priamary surface and returns a pointer to it // and updates the global variables primary_buffer, and primary_lpitch // is this surface already locked if (primary_buffer) { // return to current lock return(primary_buffer); } // end if // lock the primary surface DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd); lpddsprimary->Lock(NULL,&ddsd,DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR,NULL); // set globals primary_buffer = (UCHAR *)ddsd.lpSurface; primary_lpitch = ddsd.lPitch; // return pointer to surface return(primary_buffer); } // end DD_Lock_Primary_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Unlock_Primary_Surface(void) { // this unlocks the primary // is this surface valid if (!primary_buffer) return(0); // unlock the primary surface lpddsprimary->Unlock(NULL); // reset the primary surface primary_buffer = NULL; primary_lpitch = 0; // return success return(1); } // end DD_Unlock_Primary_Surface ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// UCHAR *DD_Lock_Back_Surface(void) { // this function locks the secondary back surface and returns a pointer to it // and updates the global variables secondary buffer, and back_lpitch // is this surface already locked if (back_buffer) { // return to current lock return(back_buffer); } // end if // lock the primary surface DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd); lpddsback->Lock(NULL,&ddsd,DDLOCK_WAIT | DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR,NULL); // set globals back_buffer = (UCHAR *)ddsd.lpSurface; back_lpitch = ddsd.lPitch; // return pointer to surface return(back_buffer); } // end DD_Lock_Back_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int DD_Unlock_Back_Surface(void) { // this unlocks the secondary // is this surface valid if (!back_buffer) return(0); // unlock the secondary surface lpddsback->Unlock(NULL); // reset the secondary surface back_buffer = NULL; back_lpitch = 0; // return success return(1); } // end DD_Unlock_Back_Surface /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// DWORD Get_Clock(void) { // this function returns the current tick count // return time return(GetTickCount()); } // end Get_Clock /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// DWORD Start_Clock(void) { // this function starts the clock, that is, saves the current // count, use in conjunction with Wait_Clock() return(start_clock_count = Get_Clock()); } // end Start_Clock //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// DWORD Wait_Clock(DWORD count) { // this function is used to wait for a specific number of clicks // since the call to Start_Clock while((Get_Clock() - start_clock_count) < count); return(Get_Clock()); } // end Wait_Clock /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Clip_Line(int x0,int y0, int x1, int y1,USHORT color, UCHAR *dest_buffer, int lpitch) { // this function draws a wireframe triangle int cxs, cys, cxe, cye; // clip and draw each line cxs = x0; cys = y0; cxe = x1; cye = y1; // clip the line if (Clip_Line(cxs,cys,cxe,cye)) Draw_Line(cxs, cys, cxe,cye,color,dest_buffer,lpitch); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Clip_Line /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Clip_Line16(int x0,int y0, int x1, int y1,USHORT color, UCHAR *dest_buffer, int lpitch) { // this function draws a wireframe triangle int cxs, cys, cxe, cye; // clip and draw each line cxs = x0; cys = y0; cxe = x1; cye = y1; // clip the line if (Clip_Line(cxs,cys,cxe,cye)) Draw_Line16(cxs, cys, cxe,cye,color,dest_buffer,lpitch); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Clip_Line16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Clip_Line(int &x1,int &y1,int &x2, int &y2) { // this function clips the sent line using the globally defined clipping // region // internal clipping codes #define CLIP_CODE_C 0x0000 #define CLIP_CODE_N 0x0008 #define CLIP_CODE_S 0x0004 #define CLIP_CODE_E 0x0002 #define CLIP_CODE_W 0x0001 #define CLIP_CODE_NE 0x000a #define CLIP_CODE_SE 0x0006 #define CLIP_CODE_NW 0x0009 #define CLIP_CODE_SW 0x0005 int xc1=x1, yc1=y1, xc2=x2, yc2=y2; int p1_code=0, p2_code=0; // determine codes for p1 and p2 if (y1 < min_clip_y) p1_code|=CLIP_CODE_N; else if (y1 > max_clip_y) p1_code|=CLIP_CODE_S; if (x1 < min_clip_x) p1_code|=CLIP_CODE_W; else if (x1 > max_clip_x) p1_code|=CLIP_CODE_E; if (y2 < min_clip_y) p2_code|=CLIP_CODE_N; else if (y2 > max_clip_y) p2_code|=CLIP_CODE_S; if (x2 < min_clip_x) p2_code|=CLIP_CODE_W; else if (x2 > max_clip_x) p2_code|=CLIP_CODE_E; // try and trivially reject if ((p1_code & p2_code)) return(0); // test for totally visible, if so leave points untouched if (p1_code==0 && p2_code==0) return(1); // determine end clip point for p1 switch(p1_code) { case CLIP_CODE_C: break; case CLIP_CODE_N: { yc1 = min_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(min_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); } break; case CLIP_CODE_S: { yc1 = max_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(max_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); } break; case CLIP_CODE_W: { xc1 = min_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(min_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } break; case CLIP_CODE_E: { xc1 = max_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(max_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } break; // these cases are more complex, must compute 2 intersections case CLIP_CODE_NE: { // north hline intersection yc1 = min_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(min_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc1 < min_clip_x || xc1 > max_clip_x) { // east vline intersection xc1 = max_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(max_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_SE: { // south hline intersection yc1 = max_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(max_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc1 < min_clip_x || xc1 > max_clip_x) { // east vline intersection xc1 = max_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(max_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_NW: { // north hline intersection yc1 = min_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(min_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc1 < min_clip_x || xc1 > max_clip_x) { xc1 = min_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(min_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_SW: { // south hline intersection yc1 = max_clip_y; xc1 = x1 + 0.5+(max_clip_y-y1)*(x2-x1)/(y2-y1); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc1 < min_clip_x || xc1 > max_clip_x) { xc1 = min_clip_x; yc1 = y1 + 0.5+(min_clip_x-x1)*(y2-y1)/(x2-x1); } // end if } break; default:break; } // end switch // determine clip point for p2 switch(p2_code) { case CLIP_CODE_C: break; case CLIP_CODE_N: { yc2 = min_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + (min_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); } break; case CLIP_CODE_S: { yc2 = max_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + (max_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); } break; case CLIP_CODE_W: { xc2 = min_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + (min_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } break; case CLIP_CODE_E: { xc2 = max_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + (max_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } break; // these cases are more complex, must compute 2 intersections case CLIP_CODE_NE: { // north hline intersection yc2 = min_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + 0.5+(min_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc2 < min_clip_x || xc2 > max_clip_x) { // east vline intersection xc2 = max_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + 0.5+(max_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_SE: { // south hline intersection yc2 = max_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + 0.5+(max_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc2 < min_clip_x || xc2 > max_clip_x) { // east vline intersection xc2 = max_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + 0.5+(max_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_NW: { // north hline intersection yc2 = min_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + 0.5+(min_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc2 < min_clip_x || xc2 > max_clip_x) { xc2 = min_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + 0.5+(min_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } // end if } break; case CLIP_CODE_SW: { // south hline intersection yc2 = max_clip_y; xc2 = x2 + 0.5+(max_clip_y-y2)*(x1-x2)/(y1-y2); // test if intersection is valid, of so then done, else compute next if (xc2 < min_clip_x || xc2 > max_clip_x) { xc2 = min_clip_x; yc2 = y2 + 0.5+(min_clip_x-x2)*(y1-y2)/(x1-x2); } // end if } break; default:break; } // end switch // do bounds check if ((xc1 < min_clip_x) || (xc1 > max_clip_x) || (yc1 < min_clip_y) || (yc1 > max_clip_y) || (xc2 < min_clip_x) || (xc2 > max_clip_x) || (yc2 < min_clip_y) || (yc2 > max_clip_y) ) { return(0); } // end if // store vars back x1 = xc1; y1 = yc1; x2 = xc2; y2 = yc2; return(1); } // end Clip_Line /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Line(int xo, int yo, int x1,int y1, USHORT color, UCHAR *vb_start,int lpitch) { // this function draws a line from xo,yo to x1,y1 using differential error // terms (based on Bresenahams work) int dx, // difference in x's dy, // difference in y's x_inc, // amount in pixel space to move during drawing y_inc, // amount in pixel space to move during drawing error=0, // the discriminant i.e. error i.e. decision variable index; // used for looping // pre-compute first pixel address in video buffer vb_start = vb_start + xo + yo*lpitch; // compute horizontal and vertical deltas dx = x1-xo; dy = y1-yo; // test which direction the line is going in i.e. slope angle if (dx>=0) { x_inc = 1; } // end if line is moving right else { x_inc = -1; dx = -dx; // need absolute value } // end else moving left // test y component of slope if (dy>=0) { y_inc = lpitch; } // end if line is moving down else { y_inc = -lpitch; dy = -dy; // need absolute value } // end else moving up // now based on which delta is greater we can draw the line if (dx>dy) { // draw the line for (index=0; index<=dx; index++) { // set the pixel *vb_start = (UCHAR)color; // adjust the error term error+=dy; // test if error has overflowed if (error>dx) { error-=dx; // move to next line vb_start+=y_inc; } // end if error overflowed // move to the next pixel vb_start+=x_inc; } // end for } // end if |slope| <= 1 else { // draw the line for (index=0; index<=dy; index++) { // set the pixel *vb_start = (UCHAR)color; // adjust the error term error+=dx; // test if error overflowed if (error>0) { error-=dy; // move to next line vb_start+=x_inc; } // end if error overflowed // move to the next pixel vb_start+=y_inc; } // end for } // end else |slope| > 1 // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Line /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Line16(int xo, int yo, int x1,int y1, USHORT color, UCHAR *vb_start,int lpitch) { // this function draws a line from xo,yo to x1,y1 using differential error // terms (based on Bresenahams work) int dx, // difference in x's dy, // difference in y's x_inc, // amount in pixel space to move during drawing y_inc, // amount in pixel space to move during drawing error=0, // the discriminant i.e. error i.e. decision variable index; // used for looping // pre-compute first pixel address in video buffer USHORT *vb_start16 = (USHORT *)vb_start + xo + yo*(lpitch >> 1); // compute horizontal and vertical deltas dx = x1-xo; dy = y1-yo; // test which direction the line is going in i.e. slope angle if (dx>=0) { x_inc = 1; } // end if line is moving right else { x_inc = -1; dx = -dx; // need absolute value } // end else moving left // test y component of slope if (dy>=0) { y_inc = (lpitch >> 1); } // end if line is moving down else { y_inc = -(lpitch >> 1); dy = -dy; // need absolute value } // end else moving up // now based on which delta is greater we can draw the line if (dx>dy) { // draw the line for (index=0; index<=dx; index++) { // set the pixel *vb_start16 = color; // adjust the error term error+=dy; // test if error has overflowed if (error>dx) { error-=dx; // move to next line vb_start16+=y_inc; } // end if error overflowed // move to the next pixel vb_start16+=x_inc; } // end for } // end if |slope| <= 1 else { // draw the line for (index=0; index<=dy; index++) { // set the pixel *vb_start16 = color; // adjust the error term error+=dx; // test if error overflowed if (error>0) { error-=dy; // move to next line vb_start16+=x_inc; } // end if error overflowed // move to the next pixel vb_start16+=y_inc; } // end for } // end else |slope| > 1 // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Line16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Pixel(int x, int y,int color, UCHAR *video_buffer, int lpitch) { // this function plots a single pixel at x,y with color video_buffer[x + y*lpitch] = color; // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Pixel /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Pixel16(int x, int y,int color, UCHAR *video_buffer, int lpitch) { // this function plots a single pixel at x,y with color ((USHORT *)video_buffer)[x + y*(lpitch>>1)] = color; // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Pixel16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Rectangle(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color, LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds) { // this function uses directdraw to draw a filled rectangle DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // this contains the DDBLTFX structure RECT fill_area; // this contains the destination rectangle // clear out the structure and set the size field DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddbltfx); // set the dwfillcolor field to the desired color ddbltfx.dwFillColor = color; // fill in the destination rectangle data (your data) fill_area.top = y1; fill_area.left = x1; fill_area.bottom = y2; fill_area.right = x2; // ready to blt to surface, in this case blt to primary lpdds->Blt(&fill_area, // ptr to dest rectangle NULL, // ptr to source surface, NA NULL, // ptr to source rectangle, NA DDBLT_COLORFILL | DDBLT_WAIT, // fill and wait &ddbltfx); // ptr to DDBLTFX structure // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Rectangle /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Palette_Entry(int color_index, LPPALETTEENTRY color) { // this function sets a palette color in the palette lpddpal->SetEntries(0,color_index,1,color); // set data in shadow palette memcpy(&palette[color_index],color,sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // return success return(1); } // end Set_Palette_Entry /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Get_Palette_Entry(int color_index,LPPALETTEENTRY color) { // this function retrieves a palette entry from the color // palette // copy data out from shadow palette memcpy(color, &palette[color_index],sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // return success return(1); } // end Get_Palette_Entry /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Palette_From_File(char *filename, LPPALETTEENTRY palette) { // this function loads a palette from disk into a palette // structure, but does not set the pallette FILE *fp_file; // working file // try and open file if ((fp_file = fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL) return(0); // read in all 256 colors RGBF for (int index=0; index<256; index++) { // read the next entry in fscanf(fp_file,"%d %d %d %d",&palette[index].peRed, &palette[index].peGreen, &palette[index].peBlue, &palette[index].peFlags); } // end for index // close the file fclose(fp_file); // return success return(1); } // end Load_Palette_From_Disk /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Save_Palette_To_File(char *filename, LPPALETTEENTRY palette) { // this function saves a palette to disk FILE *fp_file; // working file // try and open file if ((fp_file = fopen(filename,"w"))==NULL) return(0); // write in all 256 colors RGBF for (int index=0; index<256; index++) { // read the next entry in fprintf(fp_file,"\n%d %d %d %d",palette[index].peRed, palette[index].peGreen, palette[index].peBlue, palette[index].peFlags); } // end for index // close the file fclose(fp_file); // return success return(1); } // end Save_Palette_To_Disk /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Save_Palette(LPPALETTEENTRY sav_palette) { // this function saves the current palette memcpy(sav_palette, palette,256*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // return success return(1); } // end Save_Palette /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Set_Palette(LPPALETTEENTRY set_palette) { // this function writes the sent palette // first save the new palette in shadow memcpy(palette, set_palette,256*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // now set the new palette lpddpal->SetEntries(0,0,256,palette); // return success return(1); } // end Set_Palette /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Rotate_Colors(int start_index, int colors) { // this function rotates the color between start and end PALETTEENTRY work_pal[256]; // working palette // get the color palette lpddpal->GetEntries(0,start_index,colors,work_pal); // shift the colors lpddpal->SetEntries(0,start_index+1,colors-1,work_pal); // fix up the last color lpddpal->SetEntries(0,start_index,1,&work_pal[colors - 1]); // update shadow palette lpddpal->GetEntries(0,0,256,palette); // return sucess return(1); } // end Rotate_Colors /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Blink_Colors(void) { // this funciton blinks a set of lights // not implemented // return success return(1); } // end Blink_Colors /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Screen_Transition(void) { // this function performs a screen transition on the sent // video buffer // not implemented // return success return(1); } // end Screen_Transition /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Text_GDI(char *text, int x,int y,COLORREF color, LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds) { // this function draws the sent text on the sent surface // using color index as the color in the palette HDC xdc; // the working dc // get the dc from surface if (lpdds->GetDC(&xdc)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set the colors for the text up SetTextColor(xdc,color); // set background mode to transparent so black isn't copied SetBkMode(xdc, TRANSPARENT); // draw the text a TextOut(xdc,x,y,text,strlen(text)); // release the dc lpdds->ReleaseDC(xdc); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Text_GDI /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Text_GDI(char *text, int x,int y,int color, LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds) { // this function draws the sent text on the sent surface // using color index as the color in the palette HDC xdc; // the working dc // get the dc from surface if (lpdds->GetDC(&xdc)!=DD_OK) return(0); // set the colors for the text up SetTextColor(xdc,RGB(palette[color].peRed,palette[color].peGreen,palette[color].peBlue) ); // set background mode to transparent so black isn't copied SetBkMode(xdc, TRANSPARENT); // draw the text a TextOut(xdc,x,y,text,strlen(text)); // release the dc lpdds->ReleaseDC(xdc); // return success return(1); } // end Draw_Text_GDI /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Open_Error_File(char *filename) { // this function opens the output error file FILE *fp_temp; // temporary file // test if this file is valid if ((fp_temp = fopen(filename,"w"))==NULL) return(0); // close old file if there was one if (fp_error) Close_Error_File(); // assign new file fp_error = fp_temp; // write out header Write_Error("\nOpening Error Output File (%s):\n",filename); // return success return(1); } // end Open_Error_File /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Close_Error_File(void) { // this function closes the error file if (fp_error) { // write close file string Write_Error("\nClosing Error Output File."); // close the file handle fclose(fp_error); fp_error = NULL; // return success return(1); } // end if else return(0); } // end Close_Error_File /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Write_Error(char *string, ...) { // this function prints out the error string to the error file char buffer[80]; // working buffer va_list arglist; // variable argument list // make sure both the error file and string are valid if (!string || !fp_error) return(0); // print out the string using the variable number of arguments on stack va_start(arglist,string); vsprintf(buffer,string,arglist); va_end(arglist); // write string to file fprintf(fp_error,buffer); // return success return(1); } // end Write_Error /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Create_Bitmap(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image, int x, int y, int width, int height) { // this function is used to intialize a bitmap // allocate the memory if (!(image->buffer = (UCHAR *)malloc(width*height))) return(0); // initialize variables image->state = BITMAP_STATE_ALIVE; image->attr = 0; image->width = width; image->height = height; image->bpp = 8; image->x = x; image->y = y; image->num_bytes = width*height; // clear memory out memset(image->buffer,0,width*height); // return success return(1); } // end Create_Bitmap /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Create_Bitmap16(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image, int x, int y, int width, int height) { // this function is used to intialize a bitmap // allocate the memory if (!(image->buffer = (UCHAR *)malloc(width*height*2))) return(0); // initialize variables image->state = BITMAP_STATE_ALIVE; image->attr = 0; image->width = width; image->height = height; image->bpp = 16; image->x = x; image->y = y; image->num_bytes = width*height*2; // clear memory out memset(image->buffer,0,width*height*2); // return success return(1); } // end Create_Bitmap16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Destroy_Bitmap(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image) { // this function releases the memory associated with a bitmap if (image && image->buffer) { // free memory and reset vars free(image->buffer); // set all vars in structure to 0 memset(image,0,sizeof(BITMAP_IMAGE)); // return success return(1); } // end if else // invalid entry pointer of the object wasn't initialized return(0); } // end Destroy_Bitmap /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Destroy_Bitmap16(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image) { // this function releases the memory associated with a bitmap if (image && image->buffer) { // free memory and reset vars free(image->buffer); // set all vars in structure to 0 memset(image,0,sizeof(BITMAP_IMAGE)); // return success return(1); } // end if else // invalid entry pointer of the object wasn't initialized return(0); } // end Destroy_Bitmap16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Bitmap(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR source_bitmap,UCHAR *dest_buffer, int lpitch, int transparent) { // this function draws the bitmap onto the destination memory surface // if transparent is 1 then color 0 will be transparent // note this function does NOT clip, so be carefull!!! UCHAR *dest_addr, // starting address of bitmap in destination *source_addr; // starting adddress of bitmap data in source UCHAR pixel; // used to hold pixel value int index, // looping vars pixel_x; // test if this bitmap is loaded if (source_bitmap->attr & BITMAP_ATTR_LOADED) { // compute starting destination address dest_addr = dest_buffer + (int)source_bitmap->y*lpitch + (int)source_bitmap->x; // compute the starting source address source_addr = source_bitmap->buffer; // is this bitmap transparent if (transparent) { // copy each line of bitmap into destination with transparency for (index=0; index<source_bitmap->height; index++) { // copy the memory for (pixel_x=0; pixel_x<source_bitmap->width; pixel_x++) { if ((pixel = source_addr[pixel_x])!=0) dest_addr[pixel_x] = pixel; } // end if // advance all the pointers dest_addr += lpitch; source_addr += source_bitmap->width; } // end for index } // end if else { // non-transparent version // copy each line of bitmap into destination for (index=0; index<source_bitmap->height; index++) { // copy the memory memcpy(dest_addr, source_addr, source_bitmap->width); // advance all the pointers dest_addr += lpitch; source_addr += source_bitmap->width; } // end for index } // end else // return success return(1); } // end if else return(0); } // end Draw_Bitmap /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Draw_Bitmap16(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR source_bitmap,UCHAR *dest_buffer, int lpitch, int transparent) { // this function draws the bitmap onto the destination memory surface // if transparent is 1 then color 0 will be transparent // note this function does NOT clip, so be carefull!!! USHORT *dest_addr, // starting address of bitmap in destination *source_addr; // starting adddress of bitmap data in source USHORT pixel; // used to hold pixel value int index, // looping vars pixel_x; // test if this bitmap is loaded if (source_bitmap->attr & BITMAP_ATTR_LOADED) { // compute starting destination address dest_addr = (USHORT *)dest_buffer + (int)source_bitmap->y*(lpitch >> 1) + (int)source_bitmap->x; // compute the starting source address source_addr = (USHORT *)source_bitmap->buffer; // is this bitmap transparent if (transparent) { // copy each line of bitmap into destination with transparency for (index=0; index<source_bitmap->height; index++) { // copy the memory for (pixel_x=0; pixel_x < source_bitmap->width; pixel_x++) { if ((pixel = source_addr[pixel_x])!=0) dest_addr[pixel_x] = pixel; } // end if // advance all the pointers dest_addr += (lpitch >> 1); source_addr += source_bitmap->width; } // end for index } // end if else { // non-transparent version // copy each line of bitmap into destination for (index=0; index<source_bitmap->height; index++) { // copy the memory memcpy(dest_addr, source_addr, source_bitmap->width*2); // advance all the pointers dest_addr += (lpitch >> 1); source_addr += source_bitmap->width; } // end for index } // end else // return success return(1); } // end if else return(0); } // end Draw_Bitmap16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Image_Bitmap(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image, // bitmap image to load with data BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap, // bitmap to scan image data from int cx,int cy, // cell or absolute pos. to scan image from int mode) // if 0 then cx,cy is cell position, else // cx,cy are absolute coords { // this function extracts a bitmap out of a bitmap file UCHAR *source_ptr, // working pointers *dest_ptr; // is this a valid bob if (!image) return(0); // test the mode of extraction, cell based or absolute if (mode==BITMAP_EXTRACT_MODE_CELL) { // re-compute x,y cx = cx*(image->width+1) + 1; cy = cy*(image->height+1) + 1; } // end if // extract bitmap data source_ptr = bitmap->buffer + cy*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth+cx; // assign a pointer to the bimap image dest_ptr = (UCHAR *)image->buffer; // iterate thru each scanline and copy bitmap for (int index_y=0; index_y < image->height; index_y++) { // copy next line of data to destination memcpy(dest_ptr, source_ptr,image->width); // advance pointers dest_ptr += image->width; source_ptr += bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth; } // end for index_y // set state to loaded image->attr |= BITMAP_ATTR_LOADED; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Image_Bitmap ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Image_Bitmap16(BITMAP_IMAGE_PTR image, // bitmap image to load with data BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap, // bitmap to scan image data from int cx,int cy, // cell or absolute pos. to scan image from int mode) // if 0 then cx,cy is cell position, else // cx,cy are absolute coords { // this function extracts a bitmap out of a bitmap file USHORT *source_ptr, // working pointers *dest_ptr; // is this a valid bob if (!image) return(0); // test the mode of extraction, cell based or absolute if (mode==BITMAP_EXTRACT_MODE_CELL) { // re-compute x,y cx = cx*(image->width+1) + 1; cy = cy*(image->height+1) + 1; } // end if // extract bitmap data source_ptr = (USHORT *)bitmap->buffer + cy*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth+cx; // assign a pointer to the bimap image dest_ptr = (USHORT *)image->buffer; // iterate thru each scanline and copy bitmap for (int index_y=0; index_y < image->height; index_y++) { // copy next line of data to destination memcpy(dest_ptr, source_ptr,image->width*2); // advance pointers dest_ptr += image->width; source_ptr += bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth; } // end for index_y // set state to loaded image->attr |= BITMAP_ATTR_LOADED; // return success return(1); } // end Load_Image_Bitmap16 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Scroll_Bitmap(void) { // this function scrolls a bitmap // not implemented // return success return(1); } // end Scroll_Bitmap /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Copy_Bitmap(void) { // this function copies a bitmap from one source to another // not implemented // return success return(1); } // end Copy_Bitmap /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Load_Bitmap_File(BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap, char *filename) { // this function opens a bitmap file and loads the data into bitmap int file_handle, // the file handle index; // looping index UCHAR *temp_buffer = NULL; // used to convert 24 bit images to 16 bit OFSTRUCT file_data; // the file data information // open the file if it exists if ((file_handle = OpenFile(filename,&file_data,OF_READ))==-1) return(0); // now load the bitmap file header _lread(file_handle, &bitmap->bitmapfileheader,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)); // test if this is a bitmap file if (bitmap->bitmapfileheader.bfType!=BITMAP_ID) { // close the file _lclose(file_handle); // return error return(0); } // end if // now we know this is a bitmap, so read in all the sections // first the bitmap infoheader // now load the bitmap file header _lread(file_handle, &bitmap->bitmapinfoheader,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)); // now load the color palette if there is one if (bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount == 8) { _lread(file_handle, &bitmap->palette,256*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY)); // now set all the flags in the palette correctly and fix the reversed // BGR RGBQUAD data format for (index=0; index < 256; index++) { // reverse the red and green fields int temp_color = bitmap->palette[index].peRed; bitmap->palette[index].peRed = bitmap->palette[index].peBlue; bitmap->palette[index].peBlue = temp_color; // always set the flags word to this bitmap->palette[index].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE; } // end for index } // end if // finally the image data itself _lseek(file_handle,-(int)(bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage),SEEK_END); // now read in the image, if the image is 8 or 16 bit then simply read it // but if its 24 bit then read it into a temporary area and then convert // it to a 16 bit image if (bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount==8 || bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount==16) { // delete the last image if there was one if (bitmap->buffer) free(bitmap->buffer); // allocate the memory for the image if (!(bitmap->buffer = (UCHAR *)malloc(bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage))) { // close the file _lclose(file_handle); // return error return(0); } // end if // now read it in _lread(file_handle,bitmap->buffer,bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage); } // end if else { // this must be a 24 bit image, load it in and convert it to 16 bit // printf("\nconverting 24 bit image..."); // allocate temporary buffer if (!(temp_buffer = (UCHAR *)malloc(bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage))) { // close the file _lclose(file_handle); // return error return(0); } // end if // allocate final 16 bit storage buffer if (!(bitmap->buffer=(UCHAR *)malloc(2*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biHeight))) { // close the file _lclose(file_handle); // release working buffer free(temp_buffer); // return error return(0); } // end if // now read it in _lread(file_handle,temp_buffer,bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage); // now convert each 24 bit RGB value into a 16 bit value for (index=0; index<bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth*bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biHeight; index++) { // extract RGB components (note they are in memory BGR) // also, assume 5.6.5 format, so scale appropriately UCHAR red = (temp_buffer[index*3 + 2] >> 3), // 5 bits green = (temp_buffer[index*3 + 1] >> 2), // 6 bits, change to 3 for 5 bits blue = (temp_buffer[index*3 + 0] >> 3); // 5 bits // build up 16 bit color word assume 5.6.5 format USHORT color = _RGB16BIT565(red,green,blue); // write color to buffer ((USHORT *)bitmap->buffer)[index] = color; } // end for index // finally write out the correct number of bits bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount=16; } // end if #if 0 // write the file info out printf("\nfilename:%s \nsize=%d \nwidth=%d \nheight=%d \nbitsperpixel=%d \ncolors=%d \nimpcolors=%d", filename, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biSizeImage, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biHeight, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biClrUsed, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biClrImportant); #endif // close the file _lclose(file_handle); // flip the bitmap Flip_Bitmap(bitmap->buffer, bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biWidth*(bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biBitCount/8), bitmap->bitmapinfoheader.biHeight); // return success return(1); } // end Load_Bitmap_File /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Unload_Bitmap_File(BITMAP_FILE_PTR bitmap) { // this function releases all memory associated with "bitmap" if (bitmap->buffer) { // release memory free(bitmap->buffer); // reset pointer bitmap->buffer = NULL; } // end if // return success return(1); } // end Unload_Bitmap_File /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int Flip_Bitmap(UCHAR *image, int bytes_per_line, int height) { // this function is used to flip upside down .BMP images UCHAR *buffer; // used to perform the image processing int index; // looping index // allocate the temporary buffer if (!(buffer = (UCHAR *)malloc(bytes_per_line*height))) return(0); // copy image to work area memcpy(buffer,image,bytes_per_line*height); // flip vertically for (index=0; index < height; index++) memcpy(&image[((height-1) - index)*bytes_per_line], &buffer[index*bytes_per_line], bytes_per_line); // release the memory free(buffer); // return success return(1); } // end Flip_Bitmap ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////