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{\Centre}{\Bold +
MultiPrint V1.12 - Manual
John Matthews
13 May 1993
{\Justify =}{\B -
NAME
----
MultiPrint
SYNOPSIS
--------
{\Reformat -}
{\Justify -}
MultiPrint <args>
Files/A/M
: Text file(s), to print and scripts of files to print.
Can also include layout commands. See Later.
TabSize/N/K
: Number of positions to expand tabs to, default is 8.
This is only used when there is no justification, and
paragraph reformatting is off.
FF/S
: Pay attention to FormFeed characters. Starts new pages on a
new column.
Sides/S
: Print to both sides of a sheet. Only useful with cut-sheet
feeder type printers, laser jets, HP Deskjets etc.
See note on 'Last Page'.
Font/K
: Name of font to use for text, defaults to LetterGothic.font
See notes later on font usage.
Size/K/N
: Point size of font, or pixel size if PxlFontSize specified.
Defaults to 8 points (1/72nds of an inch, ie 9 lines per inch)
or 8 pixels (real small, smaller at higher printer resolutions)
if you use Pxls.
LineSpace/K/N
: Point/Pixel size of each line to print. ie Use twice the font size
for double spacing. Can only be used to increase spacing.
Columns/K/N
: Number of columns to print, 1..8. Defaults to 2.
Gutter/K/N
: How many 1/10ths of an inch to leave at the left of odd, and
the right of even pages. Defaults to 5, ie half an inch
OddFooter/K
: Footer for odd pages, defaults to file name
EvenFooter/K
: Footer for even pages, defaults to file name
FooterFont/K
: Name of font for footers, defaults to same as Font
FooterSize/K
: Point size of footer font, or pixel size if PxlFontSize
specified. Specifying 0 causes MultiPrint to not print
a footer, which includes page numbering.
Defaults to 14 points (1/72ndsof an inch)
or 14 pixels (real small) if you use Pxls
Pxls/S
: Causes MultiPrint to treat font sizes as absolute pixel height,
instead of point sizes. This method is dependant on the
resolution of the printer, but is necessary for use with
non-scalable fonts. If you specify this flag, you should not
use the default font sizes.
Priority/K/N
: Specifies the priority to run the spooler task at
Ask/S
: Prompt for confirmation of each file to print
Quiet/S
: No error messages for unfound files.
Margin/K/N
: Space in 10ths of an inch to leave between columns.
Defaults to 1 tenth of an inch.
Line/S
: Causes MultiPrint to draw a line between columns
Start/K/N,
End/K/N
: Specifies which page to start/end printing on. Remember that
many parameters effect page layout, such a font, font size,
resolution, number of columns, footers etc
Density/K/N
: Specifies the preferences density to use when printing,
range 1..7. If you specify 0, you will be prompted with the
dots per inch of each density. Not specifying density
causes MultiPrint to use the current preferences density.
See note on resolution later.
NoCommands/S
: Tells MultiPrint not to interpret '{' followed by '\' as
commands. For those (infrequent) occassions when you have
such a sequence in your document. There is currently no
way in which you can print such a sequence, _and_ use
controls in the document.
NoISP/S
: Tells MultiPrint not to treat an indented line as the start
of a paragraph. Useful for files with indented paragraphs,
ie where the whole paragraph is indented. With this switch
on, only a blank line or the \P switch (see commands) will
start a new paragraph.
Preview/S
: Tells MultiPrint to run in Preview mode, printing a scaled
version of the output to the screen. While this is not
generally readable, it allows you to view the formatting
of the output.
Very useful when printing pre-formatted, or unformattable
files (source code), to check if they are fitting in the
columns. Be aware that scaling varies with different display
sizes/printer resolutions/page sizes. Details such as the
between columns lines may not always be displayed.
Replaces the old 'Check' option.
If you have enough memory (at least 2Meg Chip), using a
Super-High Res Laced screen with LargeScreen on gives a
quite readable preview.
Specifying a low-density for your printer may also give
semi-readable results, but is likely to be less accurate
in its formatting in relation to the final output at a
higher density.
DisplayName/K
: Gives the full name of a Screen Mode to use for the preview.
Use "DisplayName=?" to bring up a requester, or enter your
preferred mode, such as "PAL:High Res Laced" in the format
they appear in the requester.
The default is to display the preview on the default public
screen, usually Workbench.
LargeScreen/S
: This will create a screen which is larger than displayable,
and scrolls with the mouse.
SpoolDir/K
: If you specify a directory name to this parameter, pages
are spooled to disk during processing, thus using less
memory, especially in the case of printing a large file to
both sides of a sheet.
Balance/S
: Tells MultiPrint to balance the columns on the last sheet
of a file.
See Also the notes on
Page/Printer Setup
Environment Arguments
{\Reformat =
{\Justify =
DESCRIPTION
-----------
MultiPrint is a program for printing text files to both sides of a page,
in multiple columns, and very small, or very large, high quality fonts.
As an example of the efficiency of MultiPrint, I have printed a file
which was designed to be 127 pages long. I printed it at 7 points, which
is small, but is readable at 300dpi, and it took only 8 sheets of paper.
Having been reformatted with the +R switch, 346 lines of the original
document were printed on the first side of a sheet alone.
MultiPrint makes use of many Amiga OS Release 2.04 features, and so
requires at least this revision of the operating system. These features
include Compugraphic Scalable Font technology, to produce characters to
the correct size at the full resolution of the, printer, and the correct
aspect ratios.
SOURCE
------
The source code is not included, but is available from the author.
MultiPrint was writtern in M2Sprint Modula2, but should be easy to port to
other languages if desired.
COPYRIGHT
---------
MultiPrint V1.11 is freely distributable. MultiPrint V1.11 is free to be
spread on public-domain and shareware disks especially on Fred Fish's
AmigaLibDisks, as long as they are sold for a reasonable charge that is
less than US $6 or equivalents. For use in commercial products the
permission of the author is required. MultiPrint V1.11 may be copied and
distributed via electronic networks such as the Internet, also it may be
held available on anonymous ftp-servers, mail-boxes or BBS's. The
Copyright is still held by the Author.
I am offering MultiPrint as shareware. If you use it regularly, let me
know. If you want to show your appreciation, or maybe encourage me to
develop the GUI version, or specific mods, the suggested registration fee
is US$20 (in notes, or something easy like that, NZ$ even better), but this
is just a suggestion. Registered owners with Usenet access will get some
support via email. No obligations, no promises.
However, if you want to use it for some commercial project/product, please
make it up to me somehow.
If you need some modifications done, offer me some incentive.
NO MATTER WHAT -
Leave the program as is, and documentation intact.
AUTHOR & SUPPORT
----------------
{\Centre +
John Matthews
4 Wadham Grove,
Tawa, 6203
Wellington,
New Zealand.
INTERNET: tribble@gphs.vuw.ac.nz
(Irregular monitoring)
{\Justify =
Support may be limited to an attempt to fix any bugs which may be found,
no promises. The author takes no liability for any damage caused by
the program, but then, neither does he expect any.
Try the program out a few times before leaving it to print a large
document unattended.
Leave me a message if you have any suggestions
CHANGES
-------
1.0 First Release, sort of. Was never really released
(29-Jan-93)
1.1 Second (attempt at a) Release.
Added support for multiple files and scripts.
(4-Feb-93)
1.2 Third ( attempt at a ) Release.
Added :
1. Right Justification.
2. Paragraph reformating.
3. Margins and Lines between columns.
4. Start/End page printing (for aborted print jobs)
5. Density setting.
1.3 Fourth ( (and successful) attempt at a ) Release.
February 24 1993
Added
1. Environment variable
2. LE and RE, to align columns on both sides of page.
3. Break commands
1.4 March 9 1993
Bug Fix :
fixed bugs in
1. handling of script files (it wouldn't)
2. printing of more than one file at a time (end of last line)
3. crashing on abort
4. centering of lines
Added
Inter-file title option (See Arguments below)
1.5 March 20 1993
Bugs fixed :
1. printing of multiple files, other than starting a new sheet per
document.
2. fixed error with lines containing only spaces
Added
1. direct support for HP printers. See documentation.
2. NoCommands option (for Rob Poole)
Changed
1. Moved printer specific options into MultiPrint.printer
environment variable
2. Lengthened some command line option names
1.6 April 5, 1993
Bugs fixed :
1. Re-occurring centering bug (Rob Poole).
2. Error with .otag files specifying non-present fonts.
Caused MultiPrint to not change styles (Italics etc)
if your CGTimes .otag file specified CGTimesItalic and
you didn't have it.
3. Possibly other formatting problems.
4. (Hopefully) fixed problem with Network printers found
by Dale Larson. Waiting to hear on this one.
5. Now starts new files on a new sheet when it's supposed
to, (the default) instead of always just on a new line.
(Rob Poole again! Watch it you guys or I might start
putting bugs in intentionally to give other guys a
chance!)
6. Enforcer hit on last page (it came and went).
Added
1. NoISP switch on command line.
2. \Paragraph command, to go with 1.
Tested with Enforcer, Mungwall etc. I didn't find any hits.
Let's hope Dale doesn't either.
1.7 April 19, 1993
Bugs fixed :
1. Printing of inter-file headers (via the +T flag) corrected
to print before the new file, instead of after the old.
This means it prints on the same sheet/page/column as the
new file (dependant in the L/C/P/S flags).
2. Corrected allignment of even pages when not printing to
both sides of a sheet.
3. Check option didn't work anymore :-(
Has now been removed, as it is superceded by the Preview
option, which is much simpler and more flexible (ie works
with reformating and justifying).
4. Now frees memory from page-in-progress when aborted.
Features Added:
1. Preview function. Allows a look at how the document will
appear, without printing.
Very useful when printing pre-formatted, or unformattable
files (source code), to check if they are fitting in the
columns.
2. HPShingle added to printer setup environment variable,
MultiPrint.Printer. See the note on Shingling in the
HPPrinter options below. Basically, it sacrifices speed
to improve quality on DeskJet printers from HP500C up.
1.8 April 25, 1993
Bugs fixed :
1. Persistant bug with centering in non-reformatting mode fixed.
2. Fixed bug with inter-process communication, which caused the
program to jam sometimes when aborted.
3. Aborting print fixed when a command-line option is misspelt,
resulting in a non-existant file message.
Maybe more. It's easier to debug with the preview option present.
Uses less paper when printing to the screen.
Changes :
1. Slight redefinition of command format. If you want to place
formatting commands, in particular Justification and Centering,
on their own line (they must start the line anyway or they
will be ignored) without leaving a blank line, leave
off the closing brace. Alternately, remember to leave the
closing brace it there is supposed to be a blank line.
2. Improved preview function, to allow it to run on existing
(public) screens, especially Workbench.
3. Improved preview to allow for large 'virtual' screens, in
one direction (usually height) with autoscroll.
4. Added spoolling to disk, for those really large files, and
background printing, where memory is required for other
things.
1.9 April 28, 1993 - OOPS, version still read 1.8 etc
Bugs fixed :
1. Changed Footer options from xxxFootxxx back to xxxFooterxxx.
My compiler has trouble with long string constants, so now
some things are linked in as objects, and the template can
be as long as necessary.
2. End-of-paragraph at end-of-page code was commented out during
testing
3. LargeScreen option should now (correctly) only give you
scrolling in one dimension in all displays.
4. Default Footers now give the name of the first file on a page,
rather than the last.
Changes
1. Made balancing the columns on last pages an option.
1.10 May 4, 1993
Bugs fixed :
1. Graceful exit if fonts or printer not opened.
1.11 May 11, 1993
Bugs Fixed :
1. Fixed bugs in handling of CSI type bold/italic etc codes,
a) not switching off
b) adding spaces in non-justified mode
Thanks to Andrew Harrison for spotting this
2. LineSpacing argument changed to only work for increasing spacing.
Before, if you specified a smaller point size for the spacing
than for the font, nothing would print.
1.12 May 13, 1993
Bugs Fixed :
1. Top margin bug in Hewlett Packard direct driver code. Caused
problems (I suspected, and have had one confirmation) with
laser printers, though not with DeskJets. On my DeskJet I got
three millimeters extra space used at the top of the page.
Still, better to stick with the defaults.
Please note, if you were using the PageLength printer environment
argument in conjunction with the HPPrinter flag, you'll have a
larger top margin, and less actual print height. For example,
on a DeskJet 500C, I had to reduce the PageLength variable from
283 millimeters to 280 millimeters, ie PageLength=280.
2. Fixed problem with Ctrl-C not working once all the pages were
prepared, and awaiting printing. Could conceivably mean waiting
for lots of pages if your computer was way faster than your
printer and you wanted to stop printing.
Added Features
1. HPUniDir flag in printer environment variable, to slightly improve
quality on HP DeskJets.
2.0 (Planned) Workbench interface. Drop and go operation and more.
This version may never eventuate. It depends on how much feedback
I get, as well as how much time I have to spend.
The amount of work required to do this properly grows on me
whenever I contemplate it. Some settings must be available only
on startup, and should be savable as defaults. Some should
be able to be modified on a per file basis, and some, mostly
those related to page size and printer resolution choices,
are limited by the implementation to startup-time only.
Let's face it - GUIs are _nice_ but unnecessary.
However, having said all this, unless something else comes along,
I probabably will slowly work on increasing the GUI elements,
in a piece-by-piece basis.
PURPOSE & THEORY
----------------
MultiPrint was designed to print text files to as few pages as possible.
You know how sometimes having a .doc file is not good enough, you need to
be able to see it on paper, because you are always referring to it. Or you
have a really neat StarTrek© parody you want to show someone.
MultiPrint can print using multiple columns, both sides of a page, with
really small, but still high resolution fonts to fit many times the usual
amount on a page.
For example, an A4 page can usually hold about 60 lines of text. With
MultiPrint and an 7 point font (about 30 pixels high on a 300dpi laser or
deskjet) giving 100 lines of text, with 2 columns of output to both sides
of the page gives 100 * 2 * 2 = 400 lines per page.
MultiPrint uses whichever font you specify, and can handle narrow and
proportional fonts to increase the number of columns you can print. Lines
can be wrapped around and right justified for improved use of space and
readability, producing newspaper like output.
MultiPrint allows a gutter for stapling sheets together. The default of
5/10ths of an inch is quite adequate.
MultiPrint determines page size, and resolution from the system. Page
oriented printers such as laser printers and Hewlett Packard DeskJets
specify their resolutions directly. Tractor feed etc printers must have
their lines/inch and number-of-lines set correctly to reflect page length,
but they don't work so well for both sides printing anyway.
MultiPrint queues the pages, and uses a child process to print the even
pages first in ascending order, then the odd pages in descending order on
the reverse sides.
Due to the queueing of pages, MultiPrint can use a certain amount of
memory. All pages are stored in memory as they are processed, also the
program requires a buffer for processing the pages. Text files don't
usually get large enough for this to be a problem on most systems these
days, and this is faster and easier than spooling off to disk again.
VERSION
-------
This is version 1.11 of MultiPrint. It does everything I need, but I would
like to give it a nice Workbench interface. This may, however, take time.
If anyone has any need for features other than those present, let me know,
and maybe offer suitable inducements :-)
I'd like, at least, to make enough money to offset the cost of the ink
cartridge I've almost used all of in testing this program.
STARTING
--------
MultiPrint is a Shell/CLI only program, and requires at least version 2.04
of the Amiga OS. All parameters, as described above, except for the file
name, have defaults and require keyword specifications to override them.
MultiPrint runs at a default priority of -1, as a good printing utility
should, though this can be changed with the priority keyword. Priority is
not overly important in some respects, however, as MultiPrint does not
busy-wait. If your computer is fast enough, and/or so is your printer
driver, you could well be waiting on your printer. Laser printers however
will more likely be waiting on the computer, and so MultiPrint will be
grabbing every available cycle, so leave at a low priority for background
printing.
Before printing a file, it may be a good idea to use the "Check" option to
determine how much line wrapping is occuring. Modern fonts are variously
weighted. A good, light proportional font can fit many more characters on
average than a heavy non-proportional font, so check if the current number
of columns and font size will avoid line wrapping. Too much line-wrapping
and you may end up wasting space with mostly blank lines.
MultiPrint can be stopped at any time with a <CTRL>-C, or the break
command. It runs unattended until the midway point, if you have specified
the "Sides" option. In this case, when it finishes printing the even pages,
a prompt will appear. Wait for the printer's buffer to empty, take the pages
in the order they fill up your tray (reversed) and place them back in the
paper bin, face up (for DeskJets, I'm not sure for other printers), and hit
'Continue'. When the program finishes, the pages will be up the right way,
and in the correct order.
ARGUMENTS
---------
As described at the start of this document, plus
Layout Commands:
You can precede file names with flags to control layout. These are
specified as a plus (on) or minus (off) followed by the one of the
following characters preceding file names they are to operate on, and
stay in effect till specified again:
C : new files begin on a new column
P : new files begin on a new page
S : new files begin on a new sheet (the default)
L : new files begin on a new line
N : restart page numbering after each file
* J : following files start in Right Justify mode
* R : following files will start in paragraph reformatting mode
* T : following files will be preceded by their name in the form
-------------------------------text.doc----------------------------------
Codes marked as * are effected by the plus/minus. A minus to J or C
results in no justification, a minus to R turns off paragraph reformating.
eg. MultiPrint +J +R DocumentFile -J -R SourceCode.c
The +S option, for start document on a new sheet, resets page numbers,
and in the case of both sides printing, finishes the printing of all queued
odd and even pages before continuing.
Script files:
You can print a list of files by passing a file starting with a first
line consisting of ";SCRIPT" (no quotes). Subsequent lines are controls
as above, and file names. If a file name starts or ends with spaces, it
should be quoted.
You can specify wildcards, but remember - MultiPrint does no analysis of
whether a file is plain text or not. Printing binary code can eat your
paper!
If FF is specified, FF characters start a new column.
The maximum number of columns is eight. Four is usually more than adequate.
If you have a need for more, let me know
Font sizes should be specified in points, which are 1/72nds of an inch.
This will result in the same size font on paper, no matter what resolution
your printer handles/is set at. See note on resolution.
However, if you don't have any scalable fonts, you may have to specify the
sizes of fonts directly. In this case use the "PxlFontSize" switch.
The "Height" argument is used to increase/decrease inter-line spacing. Use
a point size greater than the font size for a larger spacing, smaller for
less (at the risk of chopping the bottom off the characters).
"OddFooter"/"EvenFooter" override the default of using the filename in the
footers.
LAYOUT WITHIN A DOCUMENT
------------------------
MultiPrint is designed in such a way that you shouldn't need to modify
a document before printing it.
Sometimes, however, you might want to.
For example, there may be parts of a document where you don't want
paragraph reformatting to occur. Or you might want to centre just a
heading. Or you might want to use bold or italics for added emphasis.
MultiPrint recognises ANSI sequences for bold/italics such as are
recoginised by Amiga printer drivers, and by the console device, and
are sometimes used in documents.
MultiPrint also recognises some sequences (commands) of its own.
These sequences begin with a '{' followed by a '\' and end with either '}'
or the end of line.
They are of the format:
\Xy a
where 'X' is the first letter of the command, 'y' is the rest of the
command, and doesn't need to be present, {\B +}the space is required{\B -}
if 'a' is present, and 'a' is the argument.
{\BOLD +}All these commands should be surrounded by '{' and '}', but if
I did that here, they would not appear if you printed this document with
MultiPrint. {\BOLD -}
-- Thanks to Rob Poole
Please remember, you don't have to use any of these in your document to
get good output. Just precede the document name on the command line with
'+J +R'.
They currently include:
\Bold [+|-]
{\B +}Turns bold on/off. Default is on. DOES NOT TOGGLE.{\B -}
\Italic [+|-]
{\I +}As with bold.{\I -}
\Underline [+|-]
{\U +}As with bold.{\U -}
\Normal
{\N }Turns off all styles.
\Justify [+|-|=]
Turns on/off. '=' means reset to this document's initial state.
\Centre [+|-]
Turns line centering on/off. Turning centering off is the same as
switching to non-justified. If you want to return to justified use
\Justify + instead. If you want to return to the previous justification
use \Justify =.
\Reformat [+|-|=]
As with Justify, but for paragraph reformatting. Turn it on/off/back to
the original setting for this document.
\Font [fontname]
Change font. Will attempt to change to the new font. The font will be
in the current style, so if you want it un-styled, use \N first.
If 'fontname' is not specified, returns to the default font as specified
on the command line.
\Section <Column|Page|Sheet>
Cause a break in the document. One of C,P or S must be specified and
causes printing to continue on a new column, page (side of a sheet)
or sheet.
\Paragraph
Force paragraph break. Only really necessary if you want paragraphs which
start at the left margin, with no empty lines between them.
NOTE: - for Justify, Reformat, and Center only.
Justify, Reformat and Center only take effect if they occur at the
start of a line.
If they are specified elsewhere, they are IGNORED.
If any command sequence is ended by the end of a line, rather than a '}',
then that end of line is ignored. So if the command begins at the start
of the line (as formatting commands must), and there is no end of command
brace ('}'), no blank line is output.
SPEED
-----
MultiPrint is not the fastest way of printing. It does, after all, print
everything as graphics. This however is the most flexible way, and allows
for the maximum amount on a page (if you can read small, high density
text). Let it run in the background, however, and you only need to do
anything when all the even pages are finished (when doing both-sides
printing).
I admit, some printers are so slow at graphics (for example old DeskJets)
that you may feel this method is pointless. Still, it gives you the
option.
Still, in some cases you are able to fit so many pages onto the one sheet,
it is actually faster than printing that many sheets.
For higher speed use a lower density, but don't use too small a font.
NOTES
-----
Resolution
----------
The lower the resolution you use for printing, the less readable a font
at the same point size will be. A point size of 7 at 300dpi uses a system
font size of 29 pixels high, at 150 dpi the same font is only 14 pixels
high.
Font Quality
------------
This ties in directly with resolution. Fonts are designed for different
purposes, and because of this can be of different qualities.
For instance, many fonts on the Amiga are designed as screen fonts.
As such they are limited often to small point sizes, and even the larger
ones may not look good when printed.
MultiPrint is designed primarily with high resolution printers, and
scalable fonts in mind. Most scalable fonts are designed to be used at
high resolutions, and have a lot of detail in them. They look very good
printed at 300dpi with point sizes as low as 7pt. This makes them 29 dots
high. If you have tried using these scalable fonts as screen fonts,
however, you will know that below a certain size, they no longer look so
good. Fonts that are to be used with low dot sizes, must be designed for
them.
The bottom line is this:
If you intend to print at resolutions lower than 300dpi, either keep
to a reasonable point size (at least 10 to 12) or find a font that
looks okay at whatever size you require.
You might have to rely on system (non scalable fonts) using the 'Pxls'
argument.
Scalable Fonts
--------------
MultiPrint tries to be smart with Scalable fonts. If you specify
italics, or bold, or both together, it will attempt to load the correct
font for that style, rather than letting the system generate one. This
results in far superior italics and bold etc at the expense of whatever
time is required to open these fonts. MultiPrint will of course fall
back to system generated versions if necessary. However, do try to
specify the base name for a family of a fonts if possible. For example,
use CSTimes where you also have CSTimesBold, CSTimesItalic, and
CSTimesBoldItalic.
Fonts in general
----------------
Should always be on your FONTS: assign path, and don't need to be
specified with the '.font' extension. If you specify a scalable font
by its full path, bold/italic versions will not be found. Instead use
'assign Fonts: "path" add' to add the path to your fonts assign.
MultiPrint keeps all fonts used in memory until it finishes, so you may
run out of Chip memory for fonts if you use too many. If MultiPrint
cannot open a font for any reason, it will continue using the previous
font.
NOTE: when I say Font, I also mean style of Font (bold, italic etc).
Paragraph Reformatting
----------------------
Paragraph Reformatting is very useful for fitting text files into narrow
columns, where they would either frequently wrap, or seldom come close to
filling the line.
In conjunction with right justification, or flushing, you get a very nice,
newspaper style output.
The problem with paragraphs is determining where they end.
In MultiPrint, paragraphs are broken up in two ways:
1. A line which begins with a space begins a new paragraph.
2. A blank line marks the end of a paragraph.
The only common method this misses out, is paragraphs which start at the
beginning of a line, with no empty line before them.
With such paragraphs, you can only tell if there is a break by the fluke
of how much blank space there is at the end of the last line.
Documents with paragraph breaks of this kind will need to have their
paragraph breaks manually modified before printing.
{\BOLD +}Please be aware that this document has had special attention to work
properly with paragraph reformatting on. Many files produced as
documentation for a program have headings, and formatting in them that
MultiPrint's reformatting will destroy.
With such files, where the formatting is important, use Justification
if you like, but leave reformatting off. Or, you can modify the document
to manually control the use of paragraph reformatting throughout.{\BOLD -}
Page/Printer Setup
------------------
MultiPrint gets most of the information it needs from Preferences,
and so you should make certain your preferences are set correctly,
including printer driver, page size and density, even if you use the
HPPrinter option (see below).
However some information is not available in this manner.
In particular:
Printers seldom print to the whole page. In particular, DeskJet 500
printers cannot print to the top 5 millimetres of a page, the last
two centimetres, the left 3 millimetres, or the right 10 millimetres.
In order to get the columns of either side of a sheet of paper to
line up, you need to specify the left and right edges of printing as
the LeftEdge and RightEdge parameters in the environment variable
"MultiPrint.printer". See also the section on HP printers below.
The best way to find the correct LeftEdge and RightEdge values is
to print a test page with Gutter=0 as an option, and LeftEdge and
RightEdge unset, or set to 0 in MultiPrint.printer, and with +R and +J
before the file name, and End=1 to limit the printing to one page.
Then measure (in millimeters) the left and right edges of the printing.
Hewlett Packard Printers
------------------------
Starting with version 1.5, MultiPrint can print directly to Hewlett
Packard printers. This is not so always faster, that depends on the
speed of your computer and printer - on my system, using the printer
device to do the printing keeps up with the printer - but will always
use less processor overhead. It also allows for printing to more of
the page than the printer device can.
As with the Left and Right edges as explained above, printers have
top and bottom margins. These vary with printer models also, and are
not provided for by preferences, which takes the lowest-common-multiple
approach.
Setting the HPPrinter flag in the MultiPrint.printer environment
variable tells MultiPrint to print directly to an HP printer.
Use the HPNoCompression flag if your printer does not support compression,
such as early DeskJet models.
HPShingle is a value to use to effect quality of printing on DeskJet
printers, and is only effective on HP500C (note the C) and up.
So far, this is only the HP500C and HP550C. Shingling does not work
with HP500s.
Shingling causes the printer to print graphics in multiple passes, to
avoid laying down too much ink at once, causing "blooming".
Using HPShingle=0 (the default) results in no shingling. The printer
prints at full speed. HPShingle=1 results in each pass of printing only
50% of the data, and so requires two passes when HPShingle=0 would require
only one. HPShingle=2 prints only 25% per pass, and so requires four
passes, and so four times the amount of time, than HPShingle=0.
If you are willing to sacrifice speed for quality, HPShingle=1 is the
way to go.
HPUniDir forces DeskJet printers to always print from left to right, thus
giving more reliable dot positioning, while sacrificing speed. Theoretically
some DeskJets can determine when to use Uni and when not, but here's a way
for you to decide.
The PageLength setting in the MultiPrint.printer variable tells MultiPrint
just how long a _printable_ page your printer supports, for a given page
size. To set this variable, follow this procedure:
1. Set the correct page size in Preferences for the paper you use.
2. Set the MultiPrint.printer environment variable, with the LeftEdge
and RightEdge values as determined above, and with HPPrinter set.
3. Set PageSize=500 (or higher) in the MultiPrint.printer environment
variable.
4. Print a page as described above, ie with +J +R and End=1
5. Take the measurement, top of the text to last line printed, in
millimeters.
6. Use this value for PageSize in the MultiPrint.printer environment
variable in future.
For example, the correct settings for a DeskJet 500C printer with A4 paper
are :
SetEnv MultiPrint.printer "LeftEdge=3 RightEdge=10 PageLength=280 HPPrinter"
and then, for permanent effect,
copy env:MultiPrint#? envarc:
Via the printer.device, you get about 5 millimeters, or 1/2 an inch margin
at the top, and 21 millimeters, or just under 7 8ths of an inch at the bottom.
Using HPPrinter and PageSize=280, you get 5 and 9 millimeters, respectively.
Environment Variables
---------------------
MultiPrint uses two environment variables, MultiPrint.opts and
MultiPrint.printer, to control often used options, and optimise your
printer usage. Neither of these variables can be termed necessary,
but they improve either usage, quality of output, or speed. If you don't
use them, you're stuck with my defaults, or with specifying all arguments
always. If you don't set them, the columns on either side won't allign,
and you won't get optimal speed or page usage on HP printers.
MultiPrint.opts:
This environment variable has exactly the same format as the command line,
so make sure you try anything you intend to put in it on the command line
first. Also, avoid putting anything that will be interpretted as a file
name in the environment variable.
Switches which are specified in the environment variable, such as
'Line' or 'Sides' cannot be turned off in the command line. Do not use
them in your environment variable unless you intend to always use
them.
An example environment variable would be
setenv MultiPrint.opts "+R +J font=CSTimes line LE=3 RE=10"
This sets MultiPrint to default to Reformating, Justification, using
CSTimes as the text body font, drawing a line between columns, and
expecting the offsets Desjet 500s print to.
You should uses "Setenv EnvArc:MultiPrint.opts" to set a permanent
default.
MultiPrint.Printer:
This variable sets page offsets to allow the allignment of columns on
either side of a sheet, as well as options for optimal use of an
Hewlett Packard printer. It works similar to command lines, and has
the format :
LeftEdge/K/N,RightEdge/K/N,PageLength/K/N,HPPrinter/S,HPShingle/K/N,
HPNoCompression/S,HPUniDir/S
and functions as follows:
LeftEdge/K/N,RightEdge/K/N
: measurements made as explained in Page/Printer Setup
PageLength/K/N
: measurement made as explained in Hewlett Packard Printers
HPPrinter/S,HPNoCompression/S,HPUniDir/S
: switches as explained in Hewlett Packard Printers
HPShingle/K/N
: as explained in Hewlett Packard Printers
Last Page
---------
When printing to both sides of a sheet, the last even page is printed,
even if it is empty. This is so the sheet is ready for the odd page.
Printing empty lines can be slow, depending on your printer and printer
driver. The printer may appear to be doing nothing for a while after
printing a small amount on the last even page, and the last odd page,
which is printed immediately after. This should not happen if you use
the HPPrinter option.
Both Sides Printing
-------------------
After all the even pages are printed, you will be prompted to re-insert
the pages, once the printer has finished printing (emptied its internal
buffers).
On a deskjet printer, the pages should be inserted as they came out of
the printer, face up, top of page closest to the print mechanism.
Please be aware that 'all the even pages' means all the even pages of
all the files being printed, not just one at a time.
This approach requires less intervention by the user - just once in the
middle of all the files to replace the pages instead of once per file -
but can result in large jobs eating memory.
If you plan to print many large files in one go, it might pay to have
them spooled to disk, otherwise all the odd pages will build up in memory.
The End
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