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- <text id=93CT1415>
- <title>
- Turkey--Geography
- </title>
- <article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Turkey
- Geography</hdr><body>
- <p>Location: Southeastern Europe/Southwest Asia, bordering the
- Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Iran
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Area:</l>
- <l> total area: 780,580 km2</l>
- <l> land area: 770,760 km2</l>
- <l> comparative area: slightly larger than Texas</l>
- </list>
- <p>Land boundaries: total 2,627 km, Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9
- km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km,
- Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km
- </p>
- <p>Coastline: 7,200 km
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Maritime claims:</l>
- <l> exclusive economic zone: in Black Sea only - to the
- maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR</l>
- <l> territorial sea: 6 nm in the Aegean Sea, 12 nm in the Black
- Sea and in the Mediterranean Sea</l>
- </list>
- <p>International disputes: complex maritime and air (but not
- territorial) disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus
- question; Hatay question with Syria; ongoing dispute with
- downstream riparians (Syria and Iraq) over water development
- plans for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
- </p>
- <p>Climate: temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters;
- harsher in interior
- </p>
- <p>Terrain: mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central
- plateau (Anatolia)
- </p>
- <p>Natural resources: antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper,
- borate, sulphur, iron ore
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Land use:</l>
- <l> arable land: 30%</l>
- <l> permanent crops: 4%</l>
- <l> meadows and pastures: 12%</l>
- <l> forest and woodland: 26%</l>
- <l> other: 28%</l>
- </list>
- <p>Irrigated land: 22,200 km2 (1989 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Environment: subject to severe earthquakes, especially along
- major river valleys in west; air pollution; desertification
- </p>
- <p>Note: strategic location controlling the Turkish straits
- (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and
- Aegean Seas
- </p></body></article></text>
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