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1980-01-01
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|| ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS - BEGINNING JAPANESE ||
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DOOZO YOROSHIKU HAJIMEMASHITE
The study of Japanese language and culture can be a rewarding, ì
lifelong experience. The complexity of the Japanese language ì
cannot be denied but the basics of the language are not difficult ì
to grasp. English is a language with as many quirks (albeit ì
different ones) as Japanese.
Even if you know all the rules of a language, you still can't ì
communicate in it unless you have a vocabulary. The only way to ì
build a vocabulary is by rote memorization. It was how you ì
learned your basic addition and multiplication tables. From that ì
point on, you were able to use the rules of mathematics - to ì
speak its language.
Electronic Flashcards takes the same approach. Just as you may ì
have used flashcards in elementary school to master simple ì
addition, we present a basic Japanese vocabulary. Many of the ì
lessons also present a number of the patterns necessary for ì
expressing yourself in an appropriate Japanese sentence ì
structure. Study them. Memorize them. There is no substitute.
All material in the Electronic Flashcard system is presented in ì
romaji (English character representation of Japanese syllables). ì
On the computer screen, examples may be presented in Hiragana or ì
Katakana as well as romaji.ì
The program presents a number of options for studying and ì
reviewing the material. Start by selecting Japanese to English ì
translation. Test yourself, sequentially at first, in one ì
category at a time. Graduate to random testing in one category, ì
and finally to random testing throughout the entire lesson. Then ì
try the English to Japanese translation option using the same ì
pattern of testing.
To keep costs of the product down, we have not printed fancy ì
documentation, nor do we have a toll-free support phone number. ì
Instead, we have made the programs as self-instructing as ì
possible. We encourage you to help us improve the product by ì
sending your suggestions and/or questions to us at:
KAIZEN SOFTWARE
PO Box 1333
Richland, WA 99352
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| É36É3 è|| ||
|| OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ||
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In general, when running the program, do not type a carriage ì
return enter key after your responses unless instructed by the ì
symbol <ENTER>.
--------------- START - UP ----------------
Boot your computer. If using floppy disks, place the Electronic ì
Flashcards disk into a disk drive that you are not using for the ì
DOS operating system files, and set the default to that drive ì
(e.g., B: <ENTER>). If using a hard disk, set the default to ì
the hard disk subdirectory (e.g., CD \JAPANESE <ENTER>).
---------- RUNNING THE FLASHCARDS --------- ì
ì
To run the flashcard program type JAPANESE <ENTER>. An ì
introductory screen appears. Type <ENTER> when finished reading ì
it. A screen appears which asks you to specify how the examples ì
will be presented to you. You may choose a range of examples; ì
whether they should be displayed sequentially or randomly; ì
whether the translations should be English -> Japanese, Japanese ì
-> English, or mixed; whether kana and/or romaji should be ì
displayed, and which of the kana symbol sets should be used.ì
ì
After choosing the presentation options, the program will ì
continuously present examples on the screen for you to translate. ì
Type your answer followed by <ENTER>. A suggested translation ì
appears below your answer. If you type X <ENTER> instead of an ì
answer, the session is ended and you are returned to the lesson ì
selection menu. If you type R <ENTER>, a rule or hint will be ì
presented below the bottom box and you will be given a second ì
opportunity to make a translation (note: there are no rules or ì
hints for the Phrases for Travellers lesson). The speed at which ì
the kana are drawn can be varied by typing S <ENTER>. These ì
responses also work when typed in response to the "Did you get it ì
right?" question, but omit the <ENTER>.
----------- LISTING THE EXAMPLES -----------
With the full Electronic Flashcard system, list programs are ì
included which allow customizable lists of the examples and ì
translations (including kana) to be printed to the screen and ì
Epson-graphics or HP-LaserJet compatible printers. Epson is a ì
registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation. LaserJet is a É3mÉ3 ìèregistered trademark of Hewlett-Packard, Inc.
---------- NOTES ON KANA DISPLAY -----------
Not all computers are capable of displaying the graphics ì
required to present the Hiragana and Katakana on the screen. ì
Generally, a graphics card and compatible monitor are necessary. ì
For the IBM-PC/XT/AT and clones, these cards will follow what are ì
known as CGA, EGA or VGA standard. All IBM PS/2 computers follow ì
the VGA standard. Even if your computer does not have a graphics ì
card, you can still display all the examples in romaji. The ì
following is a summary of the Electronic Flashcard program and ì
the List program capabilities in each graphics mode. ì
NO GRAPHICS - all displays are in romaji, no kana is possible.
CGA GRAPHICS - examples, suggested translations, and your
translation may be displayed in Hiragana or
Katakana.
EGA GRAPHICS - same as CGA graphics.
VGA GRAPHICS - same as CGA graphics.
In CGA/EGA/VGA GRAPHICS mode, when typing in your ì
translation your romaji characters will be translated into kana ì
as you type them. Certain conventions are required to reflect ì
the proper kana equivalent for some romaji words. These ì
conventions are as follows:
For the particle o : hold <ALT> and type o (or type wo)
For the particle e : hold <ALT> and type e (or type he)
For the particle wa : hold <ALT> and type wa (or type ha)
When the romaji oo
becomes kana ou : type o then hold <CTRL> (or type ou)
and type o
Kana for ji based on
chi rather than shi : type dji (or type di)
For the Katakana
elongated vowel mark
for words of foreign
origin : type _ [underscore]
Typing the Del key will delete what you have typed and all associated
kana, and give you a chance to retype your response.
These conventions are listed in the help information which canì
be displayed in the program by typing H <ENTER> when the screen asks ì
for your translation, or when the screen asks if you got it right.
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|| DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY ||
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While Kaizen Software has invested considerable time and money to ì
create a high quality product, the user must assume the risk of ì
using this software. There is no guarantee that the functions ì
contained in the programs will meet your requirements or that the ì
operation of the programs will be error free.
Kaizen Software makes no warranty of any kind, either express or ì
implied, with respect to the design or use of the software program ì
and/or the supporting documentation. Kaizen Software expressly ì
disclaims all warranties of merchantability and fitness for a ì
particular purpose. Kaizen Software provides the software ì
program "as is" without warranty of any kind.
In no event will Kaizen Software be held liable for any loss, ì
expenses, or damage, of any kind, whatsoever, whether direct, ì
indirect, incidental, or consequential arising from the design or ì
use of the software programs or supporting paper documentation. ì
Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or ì
consequential damages, so the above limitation may not apply to ì
you.
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|| ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS - BEGINNING JAPANESE ||
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|| Lessons in the complete system ||
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------------------------ TERM 1 ------------------------
LESSON A: Phrases for Topics: Conversation
travellers Shopping
Hotel and eating
Sightseeing
LESSON B: Basic sentence Topics: Polite verbs
structure Particles
Questions and answers
Linking
LESSON C: Noun drill Topics: People
(vocabulary) Places
Things É3▄É3 è Abstract
LESSON D: Verb drill Topics: Plain and polite forms
(vocabulary) Non-past and past
Affirmative and negative
------------------------ TERM 2 ------------------------
LESSON E: Noun Modifiers Topics: the Particle NO
Qualitative nouns
Adjectives
Conjugation
LESSON F: Numbers and time Topics: Number drill
Math and money
Time
Counters/classifiers
LESSON G: -TE verb forms Topics: -TE form drill
-TE IMASU
-TE patterns
LESSON H: Verb modifiers Topics: Adverbs
Quantity
Adjective/Adverb conversion
SURU/NARU
------------------------ TERM 3 ------------------------
LESSON I: Relative clauses Topics: Relative clauses
KOTO/NO
Time clauses
Purpose
LESSON J: Other verb forms Topics: Invitation/reporting
Wanting/desiring
Obligation
Conditional
LESSON K: Questions and Topics: Interrogatives
requests Requests
Tentative statements
Indirect questions
LESSON L: Particles and Topics: NI/DE
connectives KA/MO/O
Connectives
An order form can be printed on your printer by typing:
PRINT ORDER.FRM <ENTER>
(C) 1989, 1990 by Kaizen Software. All rights reserved.