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YARN(1) YARN(1)
Yarn - offline news storage and reading system
Copyright (c) 1993 Chin Huang
Permission to copy and distribute this material for any purpose and
without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice
and this permission notice appear in all copies. CHIN HUANG MAKES NO
REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE ACCURACY OR SUITABILITY OF THIS MATERIAL FOR ANY
PURPOSE. IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTIES.
INTRODUCTION
Yarn is a suite of programs for your personal computer, used to store and
read USENET news downloaded from a USENET host.
FEATURES
- An import program inserts USENET articles into a "news base" from
Simple Offline USENET Packet (SOUP) format.
- For each newsgroup, you specify the number of days to keep articles,
after which, an expire program deletes them. However, articles
containing an Expires: header are deleted on the date specified in the
header.
- The news base stores only one copy of a cross-posted article. The news
base implementation stores multiple articles per file.
- The Yarn news reader presents articles in threads arranged by Message-
ID and References. The reader program generates SOUP reply packets.
- Multiple users are supported by storing separate configuration files
for each user.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
- MS-DOS 3.0 or higher
- a lot of hard disk storage, depending on how much news you want to
keep. For example, the author subscribes to 120 newsgroups including
some binaries and sources groups, keeping most articles for 7 days.
The amount of disk space used is 40 megabytes.
INSTALLATION
SET UP DIRECTORIES AND FILES
- Create a directory named \YARN and unpack the files from the Yarn
package into this directory. Choose a disk drive with a lot of free
space because the news base will be stored here. Set the YARN
environment variable to the \YARN directory. For example:
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YARN(1) YARN(1)
MKDIR C:\YARN
SET YARN=C:\YARN
- Create a directory in which Yarn will store your user information. Set
the HOME environment variable to this directory. This will be called
the <home> directory. For example:
MKDIR C:\JIM
SET HOME=C:\JIM
- Create the directory <home>\YARN and copy the file \YARN\CONFIG to this
directory. For example:
MKDIR C:\JIM\YARN
COPY \YARN\CONFIG C:\JIM\YARN\CONFIG
- Set the environment variable TZ to your time zone. The format of the
TZ string is
zzz[+/-]h[h][ddd]
zzz is a three character field representing the name of the time zone.
[+/-]h[h] is an optionally signed number representing the local time
zone's difference from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in hours.
ddd is an optional three character field that represents the name of
the local time zone's daylight saving time.
If no TZ environment variable is set, a default TZ=EST5EDT is assumed.
Put the above SET commands in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to ensure the
environment settings persist after the next time you reboot your system.
(If you are installing Yarn for OS/2, put the SET commands in your
CONFIG.SYS file instead.)
EDIT THE CONFIGURATION FILE
Edit the configuration file <home>\YARN\CONFIG to suit the user. The
following entries in the configuration file must be set.
user Set this to your login name on the host from which you download
and upload USENET news.
host Set this to the full domain name of your host.
name Set this to your full name. This is the name that appears in
parentheses on the From: header in messages you send.
editor Set the name of the editor program to run when you send
messages. The program must be in your PATH.
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reply Specify the full path of the SOUP reply packet file where your
outgoing messages are stored. If the reply packet file does not
exist, it is created when you post an article or send a mail
message from the reader program. When you exit the reader
program, the reply packet is ready to upload to your host.
SET UP MAIL ALIASES
A mail alias is a word representing one or more mail addresses. If a mail
alias appears in a To:, Cc:, or Bcc: header, it is replaced with the
corresponding address list when the message is sent.
A mail alias is defined in the configuration file with the statement
alias <name>=<addresses>
where <name> is the name of the alias and <addresses> is a list of one or
more addresses.
SET UP OTHER USERS
To define another user, create a home directory for the user and set up
the <home>\YARN\CONFIG file as described above. To run Yarn as that user,
set the HOME environment variable to the user's home directory.
ENVIRONMENT
These enviroment variables modify the behaviour of Yarn if they are set.
EDITOR Specifies the external editor program, overriding the editor
specified in the configuration file.
YARNRC This is the path of an alternate configuration file to read
instead of the default one.
CREATE LIST OF ACTIVE NEWSGROUPS
You must inform Yarn of every newsgroup you will be importing by running
the command
newgroup <name> <keepDays>
where <name> is the newsgroup name and <keepDays> is the number of days
that articles in the newsgroup will be kept before the expire program
deletes them. If you later want to change the number of keep days, run
this command again, specifying the new keep days value.
Instead of naming a newsgroup on the command line, you can specify a text
file containing a list of newsgroup names. Every newsgroup listed in the
file is assigned the keep days value.
newgroup @<file> <keepDays>
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REMOVE NEWSGROUP FROM ACTIVE LIST
To remove a newsgroup from the active newsgroup list, run the command
rmgroup <name>
where <name> is the newsgroup name.
OPERATION
IMPORT NEWS AND MAIL
To import messages from SOUP format, run
import <file>
where <file> is the path of the SOUP file. The import program takes these
options.
-n Do not delete the packet file.
-q Operate in quiet mode. Do not list imported article numbers.
If the import program finds a newsgroup in the packet that is not in the
active newsgroup list, it adds the newsgroup to the active list. The keep
days for the added newsgroup is specified by the "keep" setting in the
configuration file. For example, if the configuration file contains the
line
keep=7
then articles are kept in the newsgroup for 7 days.
EXPIRE NEWS
Periodically run the expire program to delete old articles from the news
base. The program accepts these options:
-d<n> Assume it is <n> days in the future. Use this option to expire
articles before they normally would have been expired.
-n Do not actually delete any articles. Used for testing.
READ NEWS
Run the yarn program to read news and mail. The reader program operates
in several modes -- the newsgroup selection level, the article selection
level, and the article reading level.
In the newsgroup selection level, yarn displays a window listing the
newsgroups you are subscribed to along with the number of unread articles
in each newsgroup. You can subscribe, unsubscribe or rearrange the order
of newsgroups in this list. Press the [Ins] key to subscribe to a
newsgroup. This brings up a list of unsubscribed newsgroups. To make a
selection, use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the newsgroup, and
then press the [Enter] key. The selected newsgroup is inserted into the
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YARN(1) YARN(1)
subscribed newsgroup list. Press the [Del] key to unsubscribe from the
highlighted newsgroup. To move a newsgroup in the list, press the [Del]
key to remove it, position the highlight to the desired location, then
press the [Ins] key and reinsert the newsgroup.
By selecting a newsgroup, you go to the article selection level, where
yarn presents a list of the subjects of each article. You can select an
article to read from this list, taking you to the article reading level.
NEWSGROUP SELECTION LEVEL
These commands are available in the newsgroup selection level.
Down Arrow
Move to the next newsgroup.
Up Arrow
Move to the previous newsgroup.
Tab, Alt-N
Move to the next newsgroup that contains unread articles.
Shift-Tab, Alt-P
Move to the previous newsgroup that contains unread articles.
Space
Go to the article selection level, listing only unread articles.
Enter
Go to the article selection level, listing all articles.
Ins, Alt-S
Subscribe to a newsgroup and insert the newsgroup at the current
position.
Del, Alt-U
Unsubscribe from the highlighted newsgroup.
Alt-A
Post an article to the highlighted newsgroup.
Esc Exit program
ARTICLE SELECTION LEVEL
These commands are available in the article selection level.
Down Arrow
Move to the next article.
Up Arrow
Move to the previous article.
Tab Move to the first article of the next thread.
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YARN(1) YARN(1)
Shift-Tab
Move backwards to the previous article beginning a thread.
Space, Enter
Read the article.
Del, Alt-N
Mark the article as read and go to the next unread article.
Ins Mark the article as unread.
Alt-O
Save the current article through to the last article in the thread to
a folder.
Alt-S
Save the current article through to the last article in the thread to
a file. If the file already exists, the articles are appended to the
file. The program prompts for a file name. If you don't give a full
path name, the file is stored in the directory <home>/News.
Alt-W
Same at Alt-S, except omit the article headers.
Alt-K
Mark the current article through to the last article in the thread as
read.
Alt-C
Mark all articles in the newsgroup as read.
Alt-A
Post an article to the newsgroup.
Esc Return to the newsgroup selection level.
ARTICLE READING LEVEL
These commands are available in the article reading level.
Down Arrow
Scroll one line down.
Up Arrow
Scroll one line up.
PgDn, Space
Show next page.
PgUp Show previous page.
n Mark the article as read and show the next unread article.
N Show next article.
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YARN(1) YARN(1)
p Show previous unread article.
P Show previous article.
a, Alt-A
Post an article to the newsgroup.
f Post a followup article.
F Post a followup article, quoting the original article.
r Mail a reply to the author of the article.
R Mail a reply, quoting the original article.
o Save the article to a folder.
s Save the article to a file. If the file already exists, the article
is appended to the file. The program prompts for a file name. If
you don't give a full path name, the file is stored in the directory
<home>/News.
w Same as s except omit article headers.
x ROT13 decrypt the article.
j, Del
Mark the article as read.
m, Ins
Mark the article as unread.
k, Alt-K
Mark this article and the rest of the articles in the thread as read.
Alt-C
Mark all the articles in the newsgroup as read.
v Toggle verbose headers.
C Cancel the article. You must be the author to be able to cancel the
article.
z Supersede the article. You must be the author to be able to
supersede the article.
= Return to the article selection level.
Esc Return to the newsgroup selection level.
READ MAIL
To read mail, press [Alt-M] at the newsgroup selection level. This brings
up a list of mail messages you received. If you have no mail, you are
given the opportunity to send mail.
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Press [Alt-F] at the newsgroup selection level to bring up a list of
folders. You can select a folder to read from this list.
If you start yarn with the -m option, you go directly to reading your
received mail and skip reading news. If you start yarn with the -f
option, you go directly to the folder list and skip reading news.
EDIT REPLIES
The Yarn reader allows you to edit the messages in the reply packet. At
the newsgroup selection level, press [Alt-R] to display a list of folders
in the reply packet. The reply packet may contain up to two folders,
``mail'' which holds outgoing mail messages, and ``news'' which holds
outgoing USENET articles.
By selecting a folder, you go to the message selection level, where the
program lists the messages in the folder. Press the [Del] key to delete
the currently highlighted message. Press [Alt-E] to edit the message.
To view a message, select it from the message selection level. While a
message is displayed, pressing the 'd' key deletes the message. Press the
'e' key to edit the message.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
``How do I create SOUP files on my UNIX host?''
The uqwk program creates and processes SOUP files on your UNIX host.
It is available by anonymous FTP from ftp.gte.com in the /pub/uqwk
directory.
To create a SOUP download packet, named "down.zip" in this example,
run these commands on your UNIX host:
uqwk +n +L
zip down.zip AREAS *.MSG
Download the down.zip file to your PC. Run this command on your PC
to insert the messages into the Yarn news base:
import down.zip
When you send mail or post articles, the Yarn reader creates a SOUP
reply packet, named "up.zip" in this example. Upload the up.zip file
to your UNIX host. Run these commands on your UNIX host to send the
messages in the reply packet:
unzip -U up.zip
uqwk -m -n +L -RREPLIES
``Sometimes when I select a newsgroup by pressing the space bar from the
newsgroup selection level, yarn lists less articles than the number of
unread articles shown.''
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YARN(1) YARN(1)
This occurs if the newsgroup you selected contains cross-posted
articles that you already read in another newsgroup. The program
marks these articles as read and updates the count of unread articles
when you select the newsgroup.
``After running expire, I reduced the keep days for a newsgroup and ran
expire again, but it didn't delete any more articles.''
Each article is assigned an expiry date after which it is deleted.
The expire program deletes articles having an expiry date older than
the current date. The article storage scheme requires that an
article's expiry date be set when the article is imported into the
news base. Once imported, the article's expiry date cannot be
changed. When you change the keep days for a newsgroup, you only
change how long you keep articles that are subsequently imported.
You don't affect the expiry dates of articles already in the news
base.
``What is the junk newsgroup?''
When the import program encounters an article that doesn't belong to
any of the groups in the active newsgroup list, it tosses the article
into the junk newsgroup. This usually shouldn't happen with properly
configured software.
FILES
<home>/mail Folder directory
<home>/news Default save directory
<home>/replies Reply work directory
<home>/yarn User configuration directory
<home>/yarn/config User configuration file
<home>/yarn/newsrc Newsgroup subscription file
<home>/yarn/readart.* Read cross-posted article lookup table
<yarn>/active Active newsgroup file
<yarn>/history.* Article history lookup table
<yarn>/index Article index directory
<yarn>/news Article file directory
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This product uses the SPAWNO routines by Ralf Brown to minimize memory use
while shelling to DOS and running other programs.
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