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Article 20992 of comp.lang.perl:
Path: netlabs!news.cerf.net!mvb.saic.com!MathWorks.Com!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!ames!koriel!male.EBay.Sun.COM!jethro.Corp.Sun.COM!eric
From: eric.arnold@sun.com (Eric Arnold)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.perl
Subject: Re: Need a bidirectional filter for interactive Unix applications
Date: 15 Apr 94 21:24:03 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems
Lines: 478
Sender: news@sun.com
Message-ID: <ERIC.94Apr15212403@sun.com>
References: <dgfCo9F2J.Jzw@netcom.com> <1994Apr15.110134.4581@chemabs.uucp>
NNTP-Posting-Host: animus.corp.sun.com
X-Newsreader: prn Ver 1.09
In-reply-to: btf64@cas.org's message of Fri, 15 Apr 1994 11:01:34 GMT
In article <1994Apr15.110134.4581@chemabs.uucp>
btf64@cas.org (Bernard T. French) writes:
>In article <dgfCo9F2J.Jzw@netcom.com> dgf@netcom.com (David Feldman) writes:
>>I need to write a bidirectional filter that would (ideally) sit between a
..
>>program's stdin & stdout to point to a pty pair known to perl. The perl app-
>>lication would talk to the user's crt/keyboard, translate (application-specific)
>>the input & output streams, and pass these as appropriate to/from the pty pair,
..
>
> I'm afraid I can't offer you a perl solution, but err..... there is a
>Tcl solution. There is a Tcl extension called "expect" that is designed to
There *is* an old, established Perl solution: "chat2.pl" which does
everything (well, basically) "expect" does but you get it in the
expressive Perl environment. "chat2.pl" is delivered with the Perl
source.
Randal: "interact()" still hasn't made it into Perl5alpha8
"chat2.pl", so I've included a version which does.
-Eric
## chat.pl: chat with a server
## V2.01.alpha.7 91/06/16
## Randal L. Schwartz
package chat;
$sockaddr = 'S n a4 x8';
chop($thishost = `hostname`); $thisaddr = (gethostbyname($thishost))[4];
$thisproc = pack($sockaddr, 2, 0, $thisaddr);
# *S = symbol for current I/O, gets assigned *chatsymbol....
$next = "chatsymbol000000"; # next one
$nextpat = "^chatsymbol"; # patterns that match next++, ++, ++, ++
## $handle = &chat'open_port("server.address",$port_number);
## opens a named or numbered TCP server
sub open_port { ## public
local($server, $port) = @_;
local($serveraddr,$serverproc);
*S = ++$next;
if ($server =~ /^(\d+)+\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)$/) {
$serveraddr = pack('C4', $1, $2, $3, $4);
} else {
local(@x) = gethostbyname($server);
return undef unless @x;
$serveraddr = $x[4];
}
$serverproc = pack($sockaddr, 2, $port, $serveraddr);
unless (socket(S, 2, 1, 6)) {
# XXX hardwired $AF_SOCKET, $SOCK_STREAM, 'tcp'
# but who the heck would change these anyway? (:-)
($!) = ($!, close(S)); # close S while saving $!
return undef;
}
unless (bind(S, $thisproc)) {
($!) = ($!, close(S)); # close S while saving $!
return undef;
}
unless (connect(S, $serverproc)) {
($!) = ($!, close(S)); # close S while saving $!
return undef;
}
select((select(S), $| = 1)[0]);
$next; # return symbol for switcharound
}
## ($host, $port, $handle) = &chat'open_listen([$port_number]);
## opens a TCP port on the current machine, ready to be listened to
## if $port_number is absent or zero, pick a default port number
## process must be uid 0 to listen to a low port number
sub open_listen { ## public
*S = ++$next;
local($thisport) = shift || 0;
local($thisproc_local) = pack($sockaddr, 2, $thisport, $thisaddr);
local(*NS) = "__" . time;
unless (socket(NS, 2, 1, 6)) {
# XXX hardwired $AF_SOCKET, $SOCK_STREAM, 'tcp'
# but who the heck would change these anyway? (:-)
($!) = ($!, close(NS));
return undef;
}
unless (bind(NS, $thisproc_local)) {
($!) = ($!, close(NS));
return undef;
}
unless (listen(NS, 1)) {
($!) = ($!, close(NS));
return undef;
}
select((select(NS), $| = 1)[0]);
local($family, $port, @myaddr) =
unpack("S n C C C C x8", getsockname(NS));
$S{"needs_accept"} = *NS; # so expect will open it
(@myaddr, $port, $next); # returning this
}
## $handle = &chat'open_proc("command","arg1","arg2",...);
## opens a /bin/sh on a pseudo-tty
sub open_proc { ## public
local(@cmd) = @_;
*S = ++$next;
local(*TTY) = "__TTY" . time;
local($pty,$tty,$pty_handle) = &_getpty(S,TTY);
#local($pty,$tty,$pty_handle) = &getpty(S,TTY);
#$Tty = $tty;
die "Cannot find a new pty" unless defined $pty;
local($pid) = fork;
die "Cannot fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
unless ($pid) {
close STDIN; close STDOUT; close STDERR;
#close($pty_handle);
setpgrp(0,$$);
if (open(DEVTTY, "/dev/tty")) {
ioctl(DEVTTY,0x20007471,0); # XXX s/b &TIOCNOTTY
close DEVTTY;
}
open(STDIN,"<&TTY");
open(STDOUT,">&TTY");
open(STDERR,">&STDOUT");
die "Oops" unless fileno(STDERR) == 2; # sanity
close(S);
exec @cmd;
die "Cannot exec @cmd: $!";
}
close(TTY);
$PID{$next} = $pid;
$next; # return symbol for switcharound
}
# $S is the read-ahead buffer
## $return = &chat'expect([$handle,] $timeout_time,
## $pat1, $body1, $pat2, $body2, ... )
## $handle is from previous &chat'open_*().
## $timeout_time is the time (either relative to the current time, or
## absolute, ala time(2)) at which a timeout event occurs.
## $pat1, $pat2, and so on are regexs which are matched against the input
## stream. If a match is found, the entire matched string is consumed,
## and the corresponding body eval string is evaled.
##
## Each pat is a regular-expression (probably enclosed in single-quotes
## in the invocation). ^ and $ will work, respecting the current value of $*.
## If pat is 'TIMEOUT', the body is executed if the timeout is exceeded.
## If pat is 'EOF', the body is executed if the process exits before
## the other patterns are seen.
##
## Pats are scanned in the order given, so later pats can contain
## general defaults that won't be examined unless the earlier pats
## have failed.
##
## The result of eval'ing body is returned as the result of
## the invocation. Recursive invocations are not thought
## through, and may work only accidentally. :-)
##
## undef is returned if either a timeout or an eof occurs and no
## corresponding body has been defined.
## I/O errors of any sort are treated as eof.
$nextsubname = "expectloop000000"; # used for subroutines
sub expect { ## public
if ($_[0] =~ /$nextpat/) {
*S = shift;
}
local($endtime) = shift;
local($timeout,$eof) = (1,1);
local($caller) = caller;
local($rmask, $nfound, $timeleft, $thisbuf);
local($cases, $pattern, $action, $subname);
$endtime += time if $endtime < 600_000_000;
if (defined $S{"needs_accept"}) { # is it a listen socket?
local(*NS) = $S{"needs_accept"};
delete $S{"needs_accept"};
$S{"needs_close"} = *NS;
unless(accept(S,NS)) {
($!) = ($!, close(S), close(NS));
return undef;
}
select((select(S), $| = 1)[0]);
}
# now see whether we need to create a new sub:
unless ($subname = $expect_subname{$caller,@_}) {
# nope. make a new one:
$expect_subname{$caller,@_} = $subname = $nextsubname++;
$cases .= <<"EDQ"; # header is funny to make everything elsif's
sub $subname {
LOOP: {
if (0) { ; }
EDQ
while (@_) {
($pattern,$action) = splice(@_,0,2);
if ($pattern =~ /^eof$/i) {
$cases .= <<"EDQ";
elsif (\$eof) {
package $caller;
$action;
}
EDQ
$eof = 0;
} elsif ($pattern =~ /^timeout$/i) {
$cases .= <<"EDQ";
elsif (\$timeout) {
package $caller;
$action;
}
EDQ
$timeout = 0;
} else {
$pattern =~ s#/#\\/#g;
$cases .= <<"EDQ";
elsif (\$S =~ /$pattern/) {
\$S = \$';
package $caller;
$action;
}
EDQ
}
}
$cases .= <<"EDQ" if $eof;
elsif (\$eof) {
undef;
}
EDQ
$cases .= <<"EDQ" if $timeout;
elsif (\$timeout) {
undef;
}
EDQ
$cases .= <<'ESQ';
else {
$rmask = "";
vec($rmask,fileno(S),1) = 1;
($nfound, $rmask) =
select($rmask, undef, undef, $endtime - time);
if ($nfound) {
$nread = sysread(S, $thisbuf, 1024);
if ($nread > 0) {
$S .= $thisbuf;
} else {
$eof++, redo LOOP; # any error is also eof
}
} else {
$timeout++, redo LOOP; # timeout
}
redo LOOP;
}
}
}
ESQ
eval $cases; die "$cases:\n$@" if $@;
}
$eof = $timeout = 0;
do $subname();
}
## &chat'print([$handle,] @data)
## $handle is from previous &chat'open().
## like print $handle @data
sub print { ## public
if ($_[0] =~ /$nextpat/) {
*S = shift;
}
print S @_;
}
## &chat'close([$handle,])
## $handle is from previous &chat'open().
## like close $handle
sub close { ## public
local($pid);
if ($_[0] =~ /$nextpat/) {
$pid = $PID{$_[0]};
*S = shift;
} else {
$pid = $PID{$next};
}
close(S);
waitpid($pid,0);
if (defined $S{"needs_close"}) { # is it a listen socket?
local(*NS) = $S{"needs_close"};
delete $S{"needs_close"};
close(NS);
}
}
## @ready_handles = &chat'select($timeout, @handles)
## select()'s the handles with a timeout value of $timeout seconds.
## Returns an array of handles that are ready for I/O.
## Both user handles and chat handles are supported (but beware of
## stdio's buffering for user handles).
sub select { ## public
local($timeout) = shift;
local(@handles) = @_;
local(%handlename) = ();
local(%ready) = ();
local($caller) = caller;
local($rmask) = "";
for (@handles) {
if (/$nextpat/o) { # one of ours... see if ready
local(*SYM) = $_;
if (length($SYM)) {
$timeout = 0; # we have a winner
$ready{$_}++;
}
$handlename{fileno($_)} = $_;
} else {
$handlename{fileno(/'/ ? $_ : "$caller\'$_")} = $_;
}
}
for (sort keys %handlename) {
vec($rmask, $_, 1) = 1;
}
select($rmask, undef, undef, $timeout);
for (sort keys %handlename) {
$ready{$handlename{$_}}++ if vec($rmask,$_,1);
}
sort keys %ready;
}
# ($pty,$tty) = $chat'_getpty(PTY,TTY):
# internal procedure to get the next available pty.
# opens pty on handle PTY, and matching tty on handle TTY.
# returns undef if can't find a pty.
sub _getpty { ## private
local($_PTY,$_TTY) = @_;
$_PTY =~ s/^([^']+)$/(caller)[$[]."'".$1/e;
$_TTY =~ s/^([^']+)$/(caller)[$[]."'".$1/e;
local($pty,$tty);
for $bank (112..127) {
next unless -e sprintf("/dev/pty%c0", $bank);
for $unit (48..57) {
$pty = sprintf("/dev/pty%c%c", $bank, $unit);
open($_PTY,"+>$pty") || next;
select((select($_PTY), $| = 1)[0]);
($tty = $pty) =~ s/pty/tty/;
open($_TTY,"+>$tty") || next;
select((select($_TTY), $| = 1)[0]);
system "stty nl>$tty";
return ($pty,$tty,$_PTY);
}
}
undef;
}
sub getpty {
local( $pty_handle, $tty_handle ) = @_;
print "--------in getpty----------\n";
$pty_handle =~ s/^([^']+)$/(caller)[$[]."'".$1/e;
$pty_handle =~ s/^([^']+)$/(caller)[$[]."'".$1/e;
#$pty_handle = ++$next_handle;
chop( @ptys = `ls /dev/pty*` );
for $pty ( @ptys )
{
open($pty_handle,"+>$pty") || next;
select((select($pty_handle), $| = 1)[0]);
($tty = $pty) =~ s/pty/tty/;
open($tty_handle,"+>$tty") || next;
select((select($tty_handle), $| = 1)[0]);
($tty = $pty) =~ s/pty/tty/;
return ($pty, $tty, $pty_handle );
}
return undef;
}
# from: Randal L. Schwartz
# Usage:
#
# ($chathandle = &chat'open_proc("/bin/sh")) || die "cannot open shell";
# system("stty cbreak raw -echo >/dev/tty\n");
# &chat'interact($chathandle);
# &chat'close($chathandle);
# system("stty -cbreak -raw echo >/dev/tty\n");
sub interact
{
local( $chathandle ) = @_;
&chat'print($chathandle, "stty sane\n");
select(STDOUT) ; $| = 1; # unbuffer STDOUT
#print "tty=$Tty,whoami=",`whoami`,"\n";
#&change_utmp( "", $Tty, "eric", "", time() );
{
@ready = &chat'select(30, STDIN,$chathandle);
print "after select, ready=",join(",",@ready),"\n";
#(warn "[waiting]"), redo unless @ready;
if (grep($_ eq $chathandle, @ready)) {
print "checking $chathandle\n";
last unless $text = &chat'expect($chathandle,0,'[\s\S]+','$&');
print "$chathandle OK\n";
print "got=($text)";
#print $text;
}
if (grep($_ eq STDIN, @ready)) {
print "checking STDIN\n";
last unless sysread(STDIN,$buf,1024) > 0;
print "STDIN OK\n";
&chat'print($chathandle,$buf);
}
redo;
}
#&change_utmp( $Tty, "$Tty", "", "", 0 );
print "leaving interact, \$!=$!\n";
}
## $handle = &chat'open_duphandle(handle);
## duplicates an input file handle to conform to chat format
sub open_duphandle { ## public
*S = ++$next;
open(S,"<&$_[0]");
$next; # return symbol for switcharound
}
#Here is an example which uses this routine.
#
# # The following lines makes stdin unbuffered
#
# $BSD = -f '/vmunix';
#
# if ($BSD) {
# system "stty cbreak </dev/tty >/dev/tty 2>&1";
# }
# else {
# system "stty", '-icanon';
# system "stty", 'eol', '^A';
# }
#
# require 'mychat2.pl';
#
# &chat'open_duphandle(STDIN);
#
# print
# &chat'expect(3,
# '[A-Z]', '" :-)"',
# '.', '" :-("',
# TIMEOUT, '"-o-"',
# EOF, '"\$\$"'),
# "\n";
1;