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dlyap.m
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1999-03-05
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# Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995 John W. Eaton
#
# This file is part of Octave.
#
# Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
# later version.
#
# Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
# for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
# Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
function x = dlyap (a, b)
# Usage: x = dlyap (a, b)
#
# Solve a x a' - x + b = 0 (discrete Lyapunov equation) for square
# matrices a and b. If b is not square, then the function attempts
# to solve either
#
# a x a' - x + b b' = 0
#
# or
#
# a' x a - x + b' b = 0
#
# whichever is appropriate. Uses Schur decomposition as in Kitagawa
# (1977).
# Written by A. S. Hodel (scotte@eng.auburn.edu) August 1993.
if ((n = is_square (a)) == 0)
warning ("dlyap: a must be square");
endif
if ((m = is_square (b)) == 0)
[n1, m] = size (b);
if (n1 == n)
b = b*b';
m = n1;
else
b = b'*b;
a = a';
endif
endif
if (n != m)
warning ("dlyap: a,b not conformably dimensioned");
endif
# Solve the equation column by column.
[u, s] = schur (a);
b = u'*b*u;
j = n;
while (j > 0)
j1 = j;
# Check for Schur block.
if (j == 1)
blksiz = 1;
elseif (s (j, j-1) != 0)
blksiz = 2;
j = j - 1;
else
blksiz = 1;
endif
Ajj = kron (s (j:j1, j:j1), s) - eye (blksiz*n);
rhs = reshape (b (:, j:j1), blksiz*n, 1);
if (j1 < n)
rhs2 = s*(x (:, (j1+1):n) * s (j:j1, (j1+1):n)');
rhs = rhs + reshape (rhs2, blksiz*n, 1);
endif
v = - Ajj\rhs;
x (:, j) = v (1:n);
if(blksiz == 2)
x (:, j1) = v ((n+1):blksiz*n);
endif
j = j - 1;
endwhile
# Back-transform to original coordinates.
x = u*x*u';
endfunction