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CPIO.MAN
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1990-11-12
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NAME
cpio - copy file archives in and out
SYNOPSIS
cpio -o[Bacv]
cpio -i[Bcdfmrtuv] [pattern...]
cpio -p[adlmruv] directory
DESCRIPTION
The cpio utility produces and reads files in the format
specified by the cpio Archive/Interchange File Format speci-
fied in IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988.
The cpio -i (copy in) utility extracts files from the stan-
dard input, which is assumed to be the product of a previous
cpio -o . Only files with names that match patterns are
selected. Multiple patterns may be specified and if no pat-
terns are specified, the default for patterns is selecting
all files. The extracted files are conditionally created
and copied into the current directory, and possibly any lev-
els below, based upon the options described below and the
permissions of the files will be those of the previous cpio
-o . The owner and group of the files will be that of the
current user unless the user has appropriate privileges,
which causes cpio to retains the owner and group of the
files of the previous cpio -o .
The cpio -p (pass) utility reads the standard input to
obtain a list of path names of files that are conditionally
created and copied into the destination directory based upon
the options described below.
If an error is detected, the cause is reported and the cpio
utility will continue to copy other files. cpio will skip
over any unrecognized files which it encounters in the
archive.
The following restrictions apply to the cpio utility:
1 Pathnames are restricted to 256 characters.
2 Appropriate privileges are required to copy special files.
3 Blocks are reported in 512-byte quantities.
Options
The following options are available:
-B Input/output is to be blocked 5120 bytes to the record.
Can only be used with cpio -o or cpio -i for data that
is directed to or from character special files.
-a Reset access times of input files after they have been
copied. When the -l option is also specified, the
linked files do not have their access times reset. Can
only be used with cpio -o or cpio -i .
-c Write header information in ASCII character for for
portability. Can only be used with cpio -i or cpio -o
. Note that this option should always be used to write
portable files.
-d Creates directories as needed. Can only be used with
cpio -i or cpio -p .
-f Copy in all files except those in patterns . Can only
be used with cpio -i .
-l Whenever possible, link files rather than copying them.
Can only be used with cpio -p .
-m Retain previous modification times. This option is
ineffective on directories that are being copied. Can
only be used with cpio -i or cpio -p .
-r Interactively rename files. The user is asked whether
to rename pattern each invocation. Read and write per-
missions for /dev/tty are required for this option. If
the user types a null line, the file is skipped.
Should only be used with cpio -i or cpio -o .
-t Print a table of contents of the input. No files are
created. Can only be used with cpio -i .
-u Copy files unconditionally; usually an older file will
not replace a new file with the same name. Can only be
used with cpio -i or cpio -p .
-v Verbose: cause the names of the affected files to be
printed. Can only be used with cpio -i . Provides a
detailed listing when used with the -t option.
Operands
The following operands are available:
patterns Simple regular expressions given in the name-
generating notation of the shell.
directory The destination directory.
Exit Status
The cpio utility exits with one of the following values:
0 All input files were copied.
2 The utility encountered errors in copying or accessing
files or directories. An error will be reported for
nonexistent files or directories, or permissions that
do not allow the user to access the source or target
files.
It is important to use the -depth option of the find utility
to generate pathnames for cpio . This eliminates problems
cpio could have trying to create files under read-only
directories.
The following command:
ls | cpio -o > ../newfile
copies out the files listed by the ls utility and redirects
them to the file newfile .
The following command:
cat newfile | cpio -id "memo/al" "memo/b*"
uses the output file newfile from the cpio -o utility, takes
those files that match the patterns memo/al and memo/b* ,
creates the directories below the current directory, and
places the files in the appropriate directories.
The command
find . -depth -print | cpio -pdlmv newdir
takes the file names piped to it from the find utility and
copies or links those files to another directory named
newdir , while retaining the modification time.
FILES
/dev/tty used to prompt the user for information when the
-i or -r options are specified.
SEE ALSO
find(1), pax(1), tar(1), cpio(5), tar(5)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1989 Mark H. Colburn.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are per-
mitted provided that the above copyright notice is dupli-
cated in all such forms and that any documentation,
advertising materials, and other materials related to such
distribution and use acknowledge that the software was
developed by Mark H. Colburn.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PAR-
TICULAR PURPOSE.
AUTHOR
Mark H. Colburn
Minnetech Consulting, Inc.
3232 Aquila Lane
St. Louis Park, MN 55426
mark@Minnetech.MN.ORG