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Midpoint
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1996-10-09
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Midpoint
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The midpoint displacement algorithm is one of the simplest used to generate
fractal landscapes. Start with a square and randomly choose the heights of
each corner. Divide this square into smaller ones and set the height of each
unplotted corner to the average height of the surrounding points, +/- a
random displacement. This process is repeated until we reach a unit
square. As we proceed the maximum displacement is reduced proportionately.
Starting with just 4 random points produces a smooth rolling landscape. To
get a more varied landscape more of the squares are plotted with random
heights prior to performing the midpoint displacement. For more information
see The Science Of Fractals, especially p96.
Menu Options
------------
Random: when on a different landscape is plotted. Set to off to allow
re-generation of a landscape with changes in the data variables.
There are 5 data variables that can be used to control the process.
Roughness: Increase to generate more random seed points, giving more hills
and depressions. A value of 0 plots just the initial outer 4 points (1
square), 1 plots 4 squares, 2 plots 16 squares and so on.
Height: Specifies the initial maximum displacement as a power of 2. Thus 8
(the default) means 256. Increase this value to give steeper gradients.
Seed: The initial random value use to generate the landscape. A new seed is
chosen every time unless Random is set off.
Sea Level: An height less than the sea level will be plotted in blue. This
is useful when creating the source images for a Riemann globe.
Sea Colour: The physical colour number used for the sea. Blues are 128-131
and 136-139, but any colour may be chosen.
Notes On Usage
--------------
This algorithm works best in modes with square pixels, ie. modes 21, 13 etc.
Mode 15 will tend to produce more oblong shapes.
Try colour cycling for a psychedelic effect. The landscape palettes give
more realistic results - use Palette shifting to get a sea/land balance.
To generate a landscape use one of the 3d viewing functions within !Fractal.
The 3d palette should be set to Linear for the best effects, though
experiment. Try a Riemann sphere for a planet effect - this works best when
the sea level is set above 0 or when using a landscape palette.
Midpoint does not multi-task since it is pretty fast.