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- {fon:homFF0000}
- What are JPEG files?
- {fon:tri}
-
- JPEG files are files which contain compressed images. Under certain
- circumstances, extremely high levels of compression can be achieved.
- The high levels of compression are achieved at the expense of a
- slight distortion of the image. What comes out isn't exactly the same
- as what went in. This can occasionally be seen as slight colour
- ripples in plain coloured areas. For many images, such slight
- distortions are hardly noticeable, and may be much less than the
- quantization errors inherent in a scanned image. The JPEG compression
- mechanism can't be used for other types of data (e.g. programs)
- because the distortion does corrupt the data.
-
- One problem with the official JPEG "standard" is that it leaves
- some important information undefined. A number of different
- incompatible formats are possible, all conforming to the official
- standard. Fortunately, all the JPEG files you are likely to meet on
- the Archimedes conform to the popular "JFIF" format of JPEG file, as
- proposed by The Independent JPEG Group.
-
- Programs
-
- There are now several programs available on the Archimedes which
- can read and/or write JPEG files.
-
- ChangeFSI: This comes included with RiscOs 3. Unfortunately it is
- very awkward to use and is best avoided if you can get hold of any of
- the other programs. If it runs out of memory, it just dissapears
- without reporting what the error was, leaving huge temporary files in
- your Wimp$Scrap directory.
-
- John Kortink's Creator and Translator: These shareware programs (£10
- registration for the pair) are excellent. The latest versions will
- read and write JPEG files. Creator is the only one of these programs
- which will make a JPEG file directly from a sprite, all the others
- require a GIFF or PBM source file. (Actually Creator makes a suitable
- PBM file for you in Wimp$Scrap, then deletes it afterwards).
-
- Jpeg: A PD program by Keith Sloan. It converts images from GIF to
- PBM to JPEG, and back. Therefore, to use this, you would need a way
- of handling GIF and/or PBM files. I couldn't persuade it to read
- PBM files correctly.
-
- JView: A PD program by Frank Lyonnet. This reads JPEG files but does
- not yet write them. It's big advantage is that unlike ALL the other
- programs mentioned here, it does not create a huge temporary file in
- Wimp$Scrap, so it could be used on a machine without a hard disk.
-
- MakeJPEG: A PD program by Dave Thomas. Unfortunately, this
- program refuses to work at all on my machine. If it did work it
- would offer much greater control over the details of the JPEG
- processing than any of the other programs.
-
- Compression Ratios
-
- The best compression ratios are achieved when the original image
- contains genuine 24-bit colour information, such as the output from
- some scanners and ray-tracing programs. It doesn't work nearly so
- well with 8-bit colour images and is worst of all with images that
- contain large areas of a single colour. I took an image which I had
- created with a ray tracer, and compressed in in various ways. Here
- are the results
-
- With 24-bit colour:-
-
- Original Targa format 960k
- SPARK compressed Targa file 386k
- JPEG file from the 24-bit image 41k
-
- With 8-bit colour:-
-
- 256 colour mode 21 sprite 320k
- SPARK compressed sprite 111k
- 8-bit GIF format file 109k
- JPEG file from the 8-bit image 77k
-
- What can you use it for?
-
- It's very good for exchanging large 24-bit images. For example, you
- could just about fit a 2400 by 3000 pixel image (that's A4 at 300dpi,
- 22Mb uncompressed) onto a single floppy disk. There is a reasonable
- possibility that JFIF might become an industry standard, making it
- possible to send such images to a bureau to be printed.
-
- If you can afford to hold your images in conventional formats, then
- it's better not to use JPEG for image storage, due to the slight
- distortion. However, JPEG might be suitable if you find it
- uneconomical to store the originals, and can tolerate the
- distortion. Many of the JPEG images available from PD libraries are
- very large when decompressed, and therefore only suitable for
- machines with hard disks.
-
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