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|000029c0| 20 74 65 6d 70 6c 61 74 | 65 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 | templat|e withou|
|000029d0| 74 20 75 73 69 6e 67 20 | 65 76 61 6c 2e 20 20 28 |t using |eval.  (|
|000029e0| 49 6e 20 66 61 63 74 2c | 20 69 6e 20 00 98 00 00 |In fact,| in ....|
|000029f0| 85 a4 00 00 00 24 68 07 | d4 86 e3 ff b4 b5 e3 ff |.....$h.|........|
|00002a00| 20 22 00 00 76 65 72 73 | 69 6f 6e 20 35 2e 30 30 | "..vers|ion 5.00|
|00002a10| 30 2c 20 65 76 61 6c 20 | 77 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 |0, eval |was the |
|00002a20| 07 4f 42 7d 11 fe 5f 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 11 fe 5f 00 |.OB}.._.|.._..._.|
|00002a30| 00 00 00 00 6f 6e 6c 79 | 08 05 05 05 11 00 00 00 |....only|........|
|00002a40| 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 | 20 77 61 79 20 74 6f 20 |.._.....| way to |
|00002a50| 67 65 74 20 63 6c 6f 73 | 75 72 65 73 2e 20 20 59 |get clos|ures.  Y|
|00002a60| 6f 75 20 6d 61 79 20 77 | 69 73 68 20 74 6f 20 75 |ou may w|ish to u|
|00002a70| 73 65 20 22 72 65 71 75 | 69 72 65 20 35 2e 30 30 |se "requ|ire 5.00|
|00002a80| 31 22 20 69 66 20 79 6f | 75 20 75 73 65 20 00 00 |1" if yo|u use ..|
|00002a90| 00 a4 00 00 a5 34 00 00 | 40 f0 b4 00 ad 4e e3 ff |.....4..|@....N..|
|00002aa0| 8d 7d e3 ff 20 22 00 00 | 63 6c 6f 73 75 72 65 73 |.}.. "..|closures|
|00002ab0| 2e 29 0d 07 14 ff 5f 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 14 ff 5f 00 |.)...._.|.._..._.|
|00002ac0| 00 00 00 00 00 34 00 00 | a5 98 00 00 44 b4 cf 03 |.....4..|....D...|
|00002ad0| d6 df e2 ff b6 0e e3 ff | 20 22 00 00 12 70 65 6e |........| "...pen|
|00002ae0| 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 6e 20 74 70 17 00 00 |PF......|.n tp...|
|00002af0| 00 00 00 00 48 65 72 65 | 27 73 20 61 20 73 6d 61 |....Here|'s a sma|
|00002b00| 6c 6c 20 65 78 61 6d 70 | 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 68 6f |ll examp|le of ho|
|00002b10| 77 20 63 6c 6f 73 75 72 | 65 73 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 |w closur|es works|
|00002b20| 3a 0d 08 73 14 00 00 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |:..s....|.._.....|
|00002b30| 07 73 6f 63 12 00 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 00 60 00 |.soc..`.|.._...`.|
|00002b40| 00 00 00 00 07 20 63 68 | 0c 01 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |..... ch|..`..._.|
|00002b50| 12 00 60 00 0c 01 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 |..`...`.|........|
|00002b60| 25 28 00 00 40 20 48 01 | cf 78 e2 ff df 9f e2 ff |%(..@ H.|.x......|
|00002b70| 70 1a 00 00 73 75 62 20 | 6e 65 77 70 72 69 6e 74 |p...sub |newprint|
|00002b80| 20 7b 0d 00 00 28 00 00 | 25 2c 00 00 40 e0 a5 01 | {...(..|%,..@...|
|00002b90| ef 49 e2 ff ff 70 e2 ff | 70 1a 00 00 20 20 20 20 |.I...p..|p...    |
|00002ba0| 6d 79 20 24 78 20 3d 20 | 73 68 69 66 74 3b 0d 00 |my $x = |shift;..|
|00002bb0| 00 2c 00 00 25 50 00 00 | 40 30 da 04 0f 1b e2 ff |.,..%P..|@0......|
|00002bc0| 1f 42 e2 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 20 20 20 20 72 65 74 75 |.B..p...|    retu|
|00002bd0| 72 6e 20 73 75 62 20 7b | 20 6d 79 20 24 79 20 3d |rn sub {| my $y =|
|00002be0| 20 73 68 69 66 74 3b 20 | 70 72 69 6e 74 20 22 24 | shift; |print "$|
|00002bf0| 78 2c 20 24 79 21 5c 6e | 22 3b 20 7d 3b 0d 00 00 |x, $y!\n|"; };...|
|00002c00| 00 50 00 00 25 1c 00 00 | 40 70 17 00 2f ec e1 ff |.P..%...|@p../...|
|00002c10| 3f 13 e2 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 7d 0d 00 00 00 1c 00 00 |?...p...|}.......|
|00002c20| 25 30 00 00 40 10 1b 02 | 4f bd e1 ff 5f e4 e1 ff |%0..@...|O..._...|
|00002c30| 70 1a 00 00 24 68 20 3d | 20 6e 65 77 70 72 69 6e |p...$h =| newprin|
|00002c40| 74 28 22 48 6f 77 64 79 | 22 29 3b 0d 00 30 00 00 |t("Howdy|");..0..|
|00002c50| a5 6c 00 00 40 d0 78 02 | 6f 8e e1 ff 7f b5 e1 ff |.l..@.x.|o.......|
|00002c60| 70 1a 00 00 24 67 20 3d | 20 6e 65 77 70 72 69 6e |p...$g =| newprin|
|00002c70| 74 28 22 47 72 65 65 74 | 69 6e 67 73 22 29 3b 0d |t("Greet|ings");.|
|00002c80| 08 79 6e 6f 0c 02 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 00 60 00 |.yno..`.|.._...`.|
|00002c90| 00 00 00 00 08 0d 09 09 | 12 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |........|......_.|
|00002ca0| 00 00 00 00 07 65 74 75 | 18 03 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....etu|..`..._.|
|00002cb0| 18 03 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 6c 00 00 a5 54 00 00 |..`.....|.l...T..|
|00002cc0| 40 00 00 00 df 79 e1 ff | 9f 86 e1 ff 00 00 00 00 |@....y..|........|
|00002cd0| 0d 08 62 65 18 04 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |..be..`.|.._.....|
|00002ce0| 07 65 78 63 12 05 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 05 60 00 |.exc..`.|.._...`.|
|00002cf0| 00 00 00 00 07 66 20 73 | 0c 06 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....f s|..`..._.|
|00002d00| 12 05 60 00 0c 06 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 54 00 00 |..`...`.|.....T..|
|00002d10| a5 60 00 00 40 00 77 01 | df 28 e1 ff ef 4f e1 ff |.`..@.w.|.(...O..|
|00002d20| 70 1a 00 00 23 20 54 69 | 6d 65 20 70 61 73 73 65 |p...# Ti|me passe|
|00002d30| 73 2e 2e 2e 0d 08 61 72 | 0c 07 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |s.....ar|..`..._.|
|00002d40| 12 05 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 08 65 65 6e 12 00 00 00 |..`.....|.een....|
|00002d50| 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 68 69 73 18 08 60 00 |.._.....|.his..`.|
|00002d60| 13 b9 5f 00 18 08 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 60 00 00 |.._...`.|.....`..|
|00002d70| a5 54 00 00 40 00 00 00 | 4f 14 e1 ff 0f 21 e1 ff |.T..@...|O....!..|
|00002d80| 00 00 00 00 0d 08 73 65 | 18 09 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |......se|..`..._.|
|00002d90| 00 00 00 00 07 69 73 20 | 12 0a 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....is |..`..._.|
|00002da0| 12 0a 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 61 73 73 0c 0b 60 00 |..`.....|.ass..`.|
|00002db0| 13 b9 5f 00 12 0a 60 00 | 0c 0b 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.._...`.|..`.....|
|00002dc0| 00 54 00 00 25 28 00 00 | 40 b0 30 01 4f c3 e0 ff |.T..%(..|@.0.O...|
|00002dd0| 5f ea e0 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 26 24 68 28 22 77 6f 72 |_...p...|&$h("wor|
|00002de0| 6c 64 22 29 3b 0d 00 00 | 00 28 00 00 a5 60 00 00 |ld");...|.(...`..|
|00002df0| 40 e0 a5 01 6f 94 e0 ff | 7f bb e0 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@...o...|....p...|
|00002e00| 26 24 67 28 22 65 61 72 | 74 68 6c 69 6e 67 73 22 |&$g("ear|thlings"|
|00002e10| 29 3b 0d 08 0c 0c 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 0a 60 00 |);....`.|.._...`.|
|00002e20| 00 00 00 00 08 b9 5f 00 | 12 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |......_.|......_.|
|00002e30| 00 00 00 00 07 70 6c 75 | 18 0d 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....plu|..`..._.|
|00002e40| 18 0d 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 60 00 00 a5 28 00 00 |..`.....|.`...(..|
|00002e50| 40 00 00 00 df 7f e0 ff | 9f 8c e0 ff 00 00 00 00 |@.......|........|
|00002e60| 0d 08 66 68 18 0e 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |..fh..`.|.._.....|
|00002e70| 00 28 00 00 a5 68 00 00 | 44 98 27 01 0f 27 e0 ff |.(...h..|D.'..'..|
|00002e80| ef 55 e0 ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 61 20 68 50 46 00 00 |.U.. "..|.a hPF..|
|00002e90| 00 00 00 00 12 0d 08 05 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|p.......|
|00002ea0| 54 68 69 73 20 70 72 69 | 6e 74 73 0d 07 00 00 00 |This pri|nts.....|
|00002eb0| 12 0f 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 0f 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|00002ec0| 07 b9 5f 00 0c 10 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 0f 60 00 |.._...`.|.._...`.|
|00002ed0| 0c 10 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 68 00 00 25 28 00 00 |..`.....|.h..%(..|
|00002ee0| 40 b0 30 01 08 c0 df ff | 18 e7 df ff 70 1a 00 00 |@.0.....|....p...|
|00002ef0| 48 6f 77 64 79 2c 20 77 | 6f 72 6c 64 21 0d 00 00 |Howdy, w|orld!...|
|00002f00| 00 28 00 00 a5 64 00 00 | 40 a0 03 02 28 91 df ff |.(...d..|@...(...|
|00002f10| 38 b8 df ff 70 1a 00 00 | 47 72 65 65 74 69 6e 67 |8...p...|Greeting|
|00002f20| 73 2c 20 65 61 72 74 68 | 6c 69 6e 67 73 21 0d 08 |s, earth|lings!..|
|00002f30| 0c 11 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 0f 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|00002f40| 08 69 66 74 12 00 00 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |.ift....|.._.....|
|00002f50| 07 73 63 61 18 12 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 18 12 60 00 |.sca..`.|.._...`.|
|00002f60| 00 00 00 00 00 64 00 00 | a5 28 00 00 40 00 00 00 |.....d..|.(..@...|
|00002f70| 98 7c df ff 58 89 df ff | 00 00 00 00 0d 08 5f 00 |.|..X...|......_.|
|00002f80| 18 13 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 28 00 00 |..`..._.|.....(..|
|00002f90| 85 bc 00 00 04 f4 d0 07 | c8 23 df ff a8 52 df ff |........|.#...R..|
|00002fa0| 20 22 00 00 12 00 00 00 | 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | "......|PF......|
|00002fb0| 12 20 74 68 70 17 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 4e 6f 74 65 |. thp...|....Note|
|00002fc0| 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 75 | 6c 61 72 6c 79 20 74 68 | particu|larly th|
|00002fd0| 61 74 20 24 78 20 63 6f | 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 73 20 |at $x co|ntinues |
|00002fe0| 74 6f 20 72 65 66 65 72 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |to refer| to the |
|00002ff0| 76 61 6c 75 65 20 70 61 | 73 73 65 64 20 69 6e 74 |value pa|ssed int|
|00003000| 6f 20 6e 65 77 70 72 69 | 6e 74 28 29 20 07 20 62 |o newpri|nt() . b|
|00003010| 11 14 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 11 14 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|00003020| 64 65 73 70 69 74 65 08 | 11 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |despite.|......_.|
|00003030| 00 00 00 00 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 61 63 74 20 74 68 |.... the| fact th|
|00003040| 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 00 | 00 bc 00 00 05 78 00 00 |at the .|.....x..|
|00003050| 00 64 3a 07 a1 eb de ff | 81 1a df ff 20 22 00 00 |.d:.....|.... "..|
|00003060| 22 6d 79 20 24 78 22 20 | 68 61 73 20 73 65 65 6d |"my $x" |has seem|
|00003070| 69 6e 67 6c 79 20 67 6f | 6e 65 20 6f 75 74 20 6f |ingly go|ne out o|
|00003080| 66 20 73 63 6f 70 65 20 | 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 74 |f scope |by the t|
|00003090| 69 6d 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 6e 6f 6e 79 6d 6f 75 |ime the |anonymou|
|000030a0| 73 20 73 75 62 72 6f 75 | 74 69 6e 65 20 72 75 6e |s subrou|tine run|
|000030b0| 73 2e 20 20 54 68 61 74 | 27 73 20 77 68 61 74 20 |s.  That|'s what |
|000030c0| 00 78 00 00 25 30 00 00 | 40 8c 6c 01 7a b3 de ff |.x..%0..|@.l.z...|
|000030d0| 5a e2 de ff 20 22 00 00 | 63 6c 6f 73 75 72 65 20 |Z... "..|closure |
|000030e0| 69 73 20 61 6c 6c 20 61 | 62 6f 75 74 2e 0d 00 00 |is all a|bout....|
|000030f0| 00 30 00 00 05 98 00 00 | 04 50 b1 07 a3 44 de ff |.0......|.P...D..|
|00003100| 83 73 de ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 68 65 20 50 46 00 00 |.s.. "..|.he PF..|
|00003110| 00 00 00 00 12 64 73 20 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....ds |p.......|
|00003120| 54 68 69 73 20 61 70 70 | 6c 69 65 73 20 74 6f 20 |This app|lies to |
|00003130| 6f 6e 6c 79 20 6c 65 78 | 69 63 61 6c 20 76 61 72 |only lex|ical var|
|00003140| 69 61 62 6c 65 73 2c 20 | 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 77 |iables, |by the w|
|00003150| 61 79 2e 20 20 44 79 6e | 61 6d 69 63 20 76 61 72 |ay.  Dyn|amic var|
|00003160| 69 61 62 6c 65 73 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 20 |iables c|ontinue |
|00003170| 74 6f 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 65 79 20 |to work |as they |
|00003180| 68 61 76 65 20 00 00 00 | 00 98 00 00 05 80 00 00 |have ...|........|
|00003190| 00 c0 9b 07 7c 0c de ff | 5c 3b de ff 20 22 00 00 |....|...|\;.. "..|
|000031a0| 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 77 | 6f 72 6b 65 64 2e 20 20 |always w|orked.  |
|000031b0| 43 6c 6f 73 75 72 65 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 73 |Closure |is not s|
|000031c0| 6f 6d 65 74 68 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 6d 6f |omething| that mo|
|000031d0| 73 74 20 50 65 72 6c 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |st Perl |programm|
|000031e0| 65 72 73 20 6e 65 65 64 | 20 74 72 6f 75 62 6c 65 |ers need| trouble|
|000031f0| 20 74 68 65 6d 73 65 6c | 76 65 73 20 61 62 6f 75 | themsel|ves abou|
|00003200| 74 20 74 6f 20 00 00 00 | 00 80 00 00 a5 38 00 00 |t to ...|.....8..|
|00003210| 40 f0 d2 00 55 d4 dd ff | 35 03 de ff 20 22 00 00 |@...U...|5... "..|
|00003220| 62 65 67 69 6e 20 77 69 | 74 68 2e 0d 07 b3 5f 00 |begin wi|th...._.|
|00003230| 14 15 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 14 15 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|00003240| 00 38 00 00 85 b0 00 00 | 04 e0 f3 07 7e 65 dd ff |.8......|....~e..|
|00003250| 5e 94 dd ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 65 20 35 e0 2e 00 00 |^... "..|.e 5....|
|00003260| 00 00 00 00 35 07 74 20 | 14 16 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |....5.t |..`..._.|
|00003270| 14 16 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 72 65 70 70 17 00 00 |..`.....|.repp...|
|00003280| 00 00 00 00 52 65 66 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 73 20 61 |....Refe|rences a|
|00003290| 72 65 20 6f 66 74 65 6e | 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 65 |re often| returne|
|000032a0| 64 20 62 79 20 73 70 65 | 63 69 61 6c 20 73 75 62 |d by spe|cial sub|
|000032b0| 72 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 73 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 |routines| called |
|000032c0| 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 | 74 6f 72 73 2e 20 50 65 |construc|tors. Pe|
|000032d0| 72 6c 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 | 74 73 20 61 72 65 20 6a |rl objec|ts are j|
|000032e0| 75 73 74 20 72 65 66 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 73 20 00 |ust refe|rences .|
|000032f0| 00 b0 00 00 05 80 00 00 | 00 90 65 07 57 2d dd ff |........|..e.W-..|
|00003300| 37 5c dd ff 20 22 00 00 | 74 6f 20 61 20 73 70 65 |7\.. "..|to a spe|
|00003310| 63 69 61 6c 20 6b 69 6e | 64 20 6f 66 20 6f 62 6a |cial kin|d of obj|
|00003320| 65 63 74 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 68 61 70 70 65 6e 73 |ect that| happens|
|00003330| 20 74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f 77 | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 70 | to know| which p|
|00003340| 61 63 6b 61 67 65 20 69 | 74 27 73 20 61 73 73 6f |ackage i|t's asso|
|00003350| 63 69 61 74 65 64 20 77 | 69 74 68 2e 20 20 43 6f |ciated w|ith.  Co|
|00003360| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 6f | 72 73 20 61 72 65 20 00 |nstructo|rs are .|
|00003370| 00 80 00 00 05 7c 00 00 | 00 48 0e 07 30 f5 dc ff |.....|..|.H..0...|
|00003380| 10 24 dd ff 20 22 00 00 | 6a 75 73 74 20 73 70 65 |.$.. "..|just spe|
|00003390| 63 69 61 6c 20 73 75 62 | 72 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 73 |cial sub|routines|
|000033a0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 20 68 6f 77 20 74 | that kn|ow how t|
|000033b0| 6f 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 73 |o create| that as|
|000033c0| 73 6f 63 69 61 74 69 6f | 6e 2e 20 20 54 68 65 79 |sociatio|n.  They|
|000033d0| 20 64 6f 20 73 6f 20 62 | 79 20 73 74 61 72 74 69 | do so b|y starti|
|000033e0| 6e 67 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 61 6e 20 00 00 7c 00 00 |ng with |an ..|..|
|000033f0| 05 78 00 00 00 10 bc 06 | 09 bd dc ff e9 eb dc ff |.x......|........|
|00003400| 20 22 00 00 6f 72 64 69 | 6e 61 72 79 20 72 65 66 | "..ordi|nary ref|
|00003410| 65 72 65 6e 63 65 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 69 74 20 72 |erence, |and it r|
|00003420| 65 6d 61 69 6e 73 20 61 | 6e 20 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 |emains a|n ordina|
|00003430| 72 79 20 72 65 66 65 72 | 65 6e 63 65 20 65 76 65 |ry refer|ence eve|
|00003440| 6e 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 | 69 74 27 73 20 61 6c 73 |n while |it's als|
|00003450| 6f 20 62 65 69 6e 67 20 | 61 6e 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 |o being |an objec|
|00003460| 74 2e 20 20 00 78 00 00 | a5 94 00 00 40 90 b3 04 |t.  .x..|....@...|
|00003470| e2 84 dc ff c2 b3 dc ff | 20 22 00 00 43 6f 6e 73 |........| "..Cons|
|00003480| 74 72 75 63 74 6f 72 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 63 75 73 |tructors| are cus|
|00003490| 74 6f 6d 61 72 69 6c 79 | 20 6e 61 6d 65 64 20 6e |tomarily| named n|
|000034a0| 65 77 28 29 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 |ew(), bu|t don't |
|000034b0| 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 3a 0d 08 73 20 66 |have to |be:..s f|
|000034c0| 14 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 61 74 69 |......_.|.....ati|
|000034d0| 12 17 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 17 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|000034e0| 07 20 74 68 0c 18 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 17 60 00 |. th..`.|.._...`.|
|000034f0| 0c 18 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 94 00 00 a5 88 00 00 |..`.....|........|
|00003500| 40 10 09 05 db 1d dc ff | eb 44 dc ff 70 1a 00 00 |@.......|.D..p...|
|00003510| 24 6f 62 6a 72 65 66 20 | 3d 20 6e 65 77 20 44 6f |$objref |= new Do|
|00003520| 67 67 69 65 20 28 54 61 | 69 6c 20 3d 3e 20 27 73 |ggie (Ta|il => 's|
|00003530| 68 6f 72 74 27 2c 20 45 | 61 72 73 20 3d 3e 20 27 |hort', E|ars => '|
|00003540| 6c 6f 6e 67 27 29 3b 0d | 08 66 2d 72 0c 19 60 00 |long');.|.f-r..`.|
|00003550| 13 b9 5f 00 12 17 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 08 6c 69 63 |.._...`.|.....lic|
|00003560| 12 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 72 65 73 |......_.|.....res|
|00003570| 18 1a 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 18 1a 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..`..._.|..`.....|
|00003580| 00 88 00 00 a5 28 00 00 | 40 00 00 00 4b 09 dc ff |.....(..|@...K...|
|00003590| 0b 16 dc ff 00 00 00 00 | 0d 08 20 73 18 1b 60 00 |........|.. s..`.|
|000035a0| 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 28 00 00 05 98 00 00 |.._.....|.(......|
|000035b0| 04 78 c2 07 7b b0 db ff | 5b df db ff 20 22 00 00 |.x..{...|[... "..|
|000035c0| 12 20 43 6f e0 2e 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 36 12 69 6e |. Co....|....6.in|
|000035d0| 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 52 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 |p.......|Referenc|
|000035e0| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 61 70 70 72 6f 70 |es of th|e approp|
|000035f0| 72 69 61 74 65 20 74 79 | 70 65 20 63 61 6e 20 73 |riate ty|pe can s|
|00003600| 70 72 69 6e 67 20 69 6e | 74 6f 20 65 78 69 73 74 |pring in|to exist|
|00003610| 65 6e 63 65 20 69 66 20 | 79 6f 75 20 64 65 72 65 |ence if |you dere|
|00003620| 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 | 74 68 65 6d 20 69 6e 20 |ference |them in |
|00003630| 61 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 78 | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 00 |a contex|t that .|
|00003640| 00 98 00 00 05 78 00 00 | 00 c8 f4 06 54 78 db ff |.....x..|....Tx..|
|00003650| 34 a7 db ff 20 22 00 00 | 61 73 73 75 6d 65 73 20 |4... "..|assumes |
|00003660| 74 68 65 79 20 65 78 69 | 73 74 2e 20 20 42 65 63 |they exi|st.  Bec|
|00003670| 61 75 73 65 20 77 65 20 | 68 61 76 65 6e 27 74 20 |ause we |haven't |
|00003680| 74 61 6c 6b 65 64 20 61 | 62 6f 75 74 20 64 65 72 |talked a|bout der|
|00003690| 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 69 | 6e 67 20 79 65 74 2c 20 |eferenci|ng yet, |
|000036a0| 77 65 20 63 61 6e 27 74 | 20 73 68 6f 77 20 79 6f |we can't| show yo|
|000036b0| 75 20 61 6e 79 20 00 00 | 00 78 00 00 25 28 00 00 |u any ..|.x..%(..|
|000036c0| 40 c4 01 01 2d 40 db ff | 0d 6f db ff 20 22 00 00 |@...-@..|.o.. "..|
|000036d0| 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 73 | 20 79 65 74 2e 0d 00 00 |examples| yet....|
|000036e0| 00 28 00 00 05 94 00 00 | 04 54 98 07 56 d1 da ff |.(......|.T..V...|
|000036f0| 36 00 db ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 65 6e 63 e0 2e 00 00 |6... "..|.enc....|
|00003700| 00 00 00 00 37 12 63 74 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |....7.ct|p.......|
|00003710| 41 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 | 6e 63 65 20 63 61 6e 20 |A refere|nce can |
|00003720| 62 65 20 63 72 65 61 74 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 75 73 |be creat|ed by us|
|00003730| 69 6e 67 20 61 20 73 70 | 65 63 69 61 6c 20 73 79 |ing a sp|ecial sy|
|00003740| 6e 74 61 78 2c 20 6c 6f | 76 69 6e 67 6c 79 20 6b |ntax, lo|vingly k|
|00003750| 6e 6f 77 6e 20 61 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 2a 66 6f 6f |nown as |the *foo|
|00003760| 7b 54 48 49 4e 47 7d 20 | 73 79 6e 74 61 78 2e 20 |{THING} |syntax. |
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|00003780| 2f 99 da ff 0f c8 da ff | 20 22 00 00 2a 66 6f 6f |/.......| "..*foo|
|00003790| 7b 54 48 49 4e 47 7d 20 | 72 65 74 75 72 6e 73 20 |{THING} |returns |
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|000037b0| 68 65 20 54 48 49 4e 47 | 20 73 6c 6f 74 20 69 6e |he THING| slot in|
|000037c0| 20 2a 66 6f 6f 20 28 77 | 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 20 | *foo (w|hich is |
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|00003830| 13 b9 5f 00 12 1c 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 74 69 6d |.._...`.|.....tim|
|00003840| 0c 1d 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 1c 60 00 0c 1d 60 00 |..`..._.|..`...`.|
|00003850| 00 00 00 00 00 64 00 00 | 01 10 00 00 41 60 61 02 |.....d..|....A`a.|
|00003860| 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 | 02 20 00 00 9c 05 00 00 |........|. ......|
|00003870| 00 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 1c 60 00 0c 1d 60 00 |......_.|..`...`.|
|00003880| 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 | 25 40 00 00 40 60 61 02 |..... ..|%@..@`a.|
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|00003980| 65 66 20 20 20 20 20 3d | 20 2a 53 54 44 49 4e 7b |ef     =| *STDIN{|
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|000039b0| 24 67 6c 6f 62 72 65 66 | 20 20 20 3d 20 2a 66 6f |$globref|   = *fo|
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|000039d0| 13 b9 5f 00 12 1c 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 |.._...`.|........|
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|00003a20| 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 28 00 00 05 98 00 00 |.._.....|.(......|
|00003a30| 04 ac af 07 7d f5 d6 ff | 5d 24 d7 ff 20 22 00 00 |....}...|]$.. "..|
|00003a40| 12 65 20 62 50 46 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 12 6f 70 65 |.e bPF..|.....ope|
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|00003b00| 13 b9 5f 00 10 21 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 70 65 72 6c |.._..!`.|....perl|
|00003b10| 66 75 6e 63 08 c3 5f 00 | 10 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |func.._.|......_.|
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|00003b60| 00 00 00 00 70 65 72 6c | 66 75 6e 63 08 75 61 72 |....perl|func.uar|
|00003b70| 10 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 20 61 6e 64 |......_.|.... and|
|00003b80| 20 74 68 65 20 00 00 00 | 00 c8 00 00 85 b4 00 00 | the ...|........|
|00003b90| 00 14 5a 07 2f 85 d6 ff | 0f b4 d6 ff 20 22 00 00 |..Z./...|.... "..|
|00003ba0| 22 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 70 | 61 69 72 22 20 65 6e 74 |"socketp|air" ent|
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|00003bc0| 72 20 07 03 10 23 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 10 23 60 00 |r ...#`.|.._..#`.|
|00003bd0| 00 00 00 00 70 65 72 6c | 66 75 6e 63 08 31 2c 20 |....perl|func.1, |
|00003be0| 10 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 29 2c 20 61 |......_.|....), a|
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|00003c00| 64 6c 65 73 20 28 74 68 | 65 20 22 6f 70 65 6e 64 |dles (th|e "opend|
|00003c10| 69 72 22 20 65 6e 74 72 | 79 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |ir" entr|y in the|
|00003c20| 20 63 68 61 70 74 65 72 | 20 07 00 00 10 24 60 00 | chapter| ....$`.|
|00003c30| 13 b9 5f 00 10 24 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 b4 00 00 |.._..$`.|........|
|00003c40| 85 88 00 00 00 88 64 07 | 08 4d d6 ff e8 7b d6 ff |......d.|.M...{..|
|00003c50| 28 23 00 00 70 65 72 6c | 66 75 6e 63 08 6e 63 65 |(#..perl|func.nce|
|00003c60| 10 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 00 00 00 00 29 2e 20 20 |......_.|....).  |
|00003c70| 46 6f 72 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 61 74 69 62 69 6c 69 74 |For comp|atibilit|
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|00003c90| 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 6f 66 20 50 65 72 6c |versions| of Perl|
|00003ca0| 2c 20 2a 66 6f 6f 7b 46 | 49 4c 45 48 41 4e 44 4c |, *foo{F|ILEHANDL|
|00003cb0| 45 7d 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 73 79 6e 6f 6e 79 6d 20 |E} is a |synonym |
|00003cc0| 66 6f 72 20 00 88 00 00 | 25 24 00 00 40 18 c0 00 |for ....|%$..@...|
|00003cd0| e1 14 d6 ff c1 43 d6 ff | 20 22 00 00 2a 66 6f 6f |.....C..| "..*foo|
|00003ce0| 7b 49 4f 7d 2e 0d 00 00 | 00 24 00 00 05 9c 00 00 |{IO}....|.$......|
|00003cf0| 04 44 fc 07 0a a6 d5 ff | ea d4 d5 ff 20 22 00 00 |.D......|.... "..|
|00003d00| 12 73 63 72 50 46 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 12 72 20 63 |.scrPF..|.....r c|
|00003d10| 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 2a 66 6f 6f 7b 54 48 49 |p.......|*foo{THI|
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|00003d60| 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 63 | except |in the c|
|00003d70| 61 73 65 20 6f 66 20 73 | 63 61 6c 61 72 73 2e 20 |ase of s|calars. |
|00003d80| 20 00 00 00 00 9c 00 00 | 05 7c 00 00 00 1c 64 07 | .......|.|....d.|
|00003d90| e3 6d d5 ff c3 9c d5 ff | 20 22 00 00 2a 66 6f 6f |.m......| "..*foo|
|00003da0| 7b 53 43 41 4c 41 52 7d | 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 73 |{SCALAR}| returns|
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|00003df0| 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 | 6d 69 67 68 74 20 00 00 |.  This |might ..|
|00003e00| 00 7c 00 00 25 34 00 00 | 40 b0 ea 01 bc 35 d5 ff |.|..%4..|@....5..|
|00003e10| 9c 64 d5 ff 20 22 00 00 | 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 69 |.d.. "..|change i|
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|00003e30| 73 65 2e 0d 00 34 00 00 | 05 9c 00 00 04 ac e2 07 |se...4..|........|
|00003e40| e5 c6 d4 ff c5 f5 d4 ff | 20 22 00 00 12 cb 5f 00 |........| "...._.|
|00003e50| 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 6c 69 73 70 17 00 00 |PF......|.lisp...|
|00003e60| 00 00 00 00 54 68 65 20 | 75 73 65 20 6f 66 20 2a |....The |use of *|
|00003e70| 66 6f 6f 7b 49 4f 7d 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 62 |foo{IO} |is the b|
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|00003e90| 62 61 72 65 77 6f 72 64 | 20 66 69 6c 65 68 61 6e |bareword| filehan|
|00003ea0| 64 6c 65 73 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 6f 72 20 6f 75 74 |dles int|o or out|
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|00003ec0| 20 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 73 | 74 6f 72 65 20 00 00 00 | or to s|tore ...|
|00003ed0| 00 9c 00 00 a5 64 00 00 | 40 a0 2d 02 be 8e d4 ff |.....d..|@.-.....|
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|00003ef0| 6c 61 72 67 65 72 20 64 | 61 74 61 20 73 74 72 75 |larger d|ata stru|
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|00003f10| 13 b9 5f 00 12 25 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 72 65 74 |.._..%`.|.....ret|
|00003f20| 0c 26 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 25 60 00 0c 26 60 00 |.&`..._.|.%`..&`.|
|00003f30| 00 00 00 00 00 64 00 00 | 25 30 00 00 40 a0 03 02 |.....d..|%0..@...|
|00003f40| b7 27 d4 ff c7 4e d4 ff | 70 1a 00 00 73 70 6c 75 |.'...N..|p...splu|
|00003f50| 74 74 65 72 28 2a 53 54 | 44 4f 55 54 7b 49 4f 7d |tter(*ST|DOUT{IO}|
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|00003f70| d7 f8 d3 ff e7 1f d4 ff | 70 1a 00 00 73 75 62 20 |........|p...sub |
|00003f80| 73 70 6c 75 74 74 65 72 | 20 7b 0d 00 00 28 00 00 |splutter| {...(..|
|00003f90| 25 2c 00 00 40 50 bd 01 | f7 c9 d3 ff 07 f1 d3 ff |%,..@P..|........|
|00003fa0| 70 1a 00 00 20 20 20 20 | 6d 79 20 24 66 68 20 3d |p...    |my $fh =|
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|00003fd0| 20 20 20 20 70 72 69 6e | 74 20 24 66 68 20 22 68 |    prin|t $fh "h|
|00003fe0| 65 72 20 75 6d 20 77 65 | 6c 6c 20 61 20 68 6d 6d |er um we|ll a hmm|
|00003ff0| 6d 5c 6e 22 3b 0d 00 00 | 00 40 00 00 a5 50 00 00 |m\n";...|.@...P..|
|00004000| 40 70 17 00 37 6c d3 ff | 47 93 d3 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@p..7l..|G...p...|
|00004010| 7d 0d 08 00 0c 27 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 25 60 00 |}....'`.|.._..%`.|
|00004020| 00 00 00 00 08 6e 20 61 | 12 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....n a|......_.|
|00004030| 00 00 00 00 07 20 63 61 | 18 28 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |..... ca|.(`..._.|
|00004040| 18 28 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 50 00 00 a5 54 00 00 |.(`.....|.P...T..|
|00004050| 40 00 00 00 a7 57 d3 ff | 67 64 d3 ff 00 00 00 00 |@....W..|gd......|
|00004060| 0d 08 00 00 18 29 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |.....)`.|.._.....|
|00004070| 07 da 5f 00 12 2a 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 2a 60 00 |.._..*`.|.._..*`.|
|00004080| 00 00 00 00 07 db 5f 00 | 0c 2b 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |......_.|.+`..._.|
|00004090| 12 2a 60 00 0c 2b 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 54 00 00 |.*`..+`.|.....T..|
|000040a0| 25 34 00 00 40 d0 78 02 | a7 06 d3 ff b7 2d d3 ff |%4..@.x.|.....-..|
|000040b0| 70 1a 00 00 24 72 65 63 | 20 3d 20 67 65 74 5f 72 |p...$rec| = get_r|
|000040c0| 65 63 28 2a 53 54 44 49 | 4e 7b 49 4f 7d 29 3b 0d |ec(*STDI|N{IO});.|
|000040d0| 00 34 00 00 25 28 00 00 | 40 b0 30 01 c7 d7 d2 ff |.4..%(..|@.0.....|
|000040e0| d7 fe d2 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 73 75 62 20 67 65 74 5f |....p...|sub get_|
|000040f0| 72 65 63 20 7b 0d 00 00 | 00 28 00 00 25 2c 00 00 |rec {...|.(..%,..|
|00004100| 40 50 bd 01 e7 a8 d2 ff | f7 cf d2 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@P......|....p...|
|00004110| 20 20 20 20 6d 79 20 24 | 66 68 20 3d 20 73 68 69 |    my $|fh = shi|
|00004120| 66 74 3b 0d 00 2c 00 00 | 25 34 00 00 40 80 32 02 |ft;..,..|%4..@.2.|
|00004130| 07 7a d2 ff 17 a1 d2 ff | 70 1a 00 00 20 20 20 20 |.z......|p...    |
|00004140| 72 65 74 75 72 6e 20 73 | 63 61 6c 61 72 20 3c 24 |return s|calar <$|
|00004150| 66 68 3e 3b 0d 00 00 00 | 00 34 00 00 a5 50 00 00 |fh>;....|.4...P..|
|00004160| 40 70 17 00 27 4b d2 ff | 37 72 d2 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@p..'K..|7r..p...|
|00004170| 7d 0d 08 74 0c 2c 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 12 2a 60 00 |}..t.,`.|.._..*`.|
|00004180| 00 00 00 00 08 20 79 6f | 12 00 00 00 13 b9 5f 00 |..... yo|......_.|
|00004190| 00 00 00 00 07 6d 75 6c | 18 2d 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |.....mul|.-`..._.|
|000041a0| 18 2d 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 50 00 00 a5 28 00 00 |.-`.....|.P...(..|
|000041b0| 40 00 00 00 97 36 d2 ff | 57 43 d2 ff 00 00 00 00 |@....6..|WC......|
|000041c0| 0d 08 20 66 18 2e 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |.. f..`.|.._.....|
|000041d0| 00 28 00 00 05 98 00 00 | 04 d8 95 07 c7 dd d1 ff |.(......|........|
|000041e0| a7 0c d2 ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 69 74 65 50 46 00 00 |.... "..|.itePF..|
|000041f0| 00 00 00 00 12 20 76 61 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..... va|p.......|
|00004200| 42 65 77 61 72 65 2c 20 | 74 68 6f 75 67 68 2c 20 |Beware, |though, |
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|00004270| 00 bc 93 07 a0 a5 d1 ff | 80 d4 d1 ff 20 22 00 00 |........|.... "..|
|00004280| 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 | 2a 48 41 4e 44 4c 45 7b |because |*HANDLE{|
|00004290| 49 4f 7d 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 62 65 20 75 6e 64 65 |IO} will| be unde|
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|000042c0| 2e 20 20 55 73 65 20 5c | 2a 48 41 4e 44 4c 45 20 |.  Use \|*HANDLE |
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|000042e0| 00 78 00 00 25 2c 00 00 | 40 60 2f 01 79 6d d1 ff |.x..%,..|@`/.ym..|
|000042f0| 59 9c d1 ff 20 22 00 00 | 6f 66 20 74 68 69 6e 67 |Y... "..|of thing|
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|00004310| 05 90 00 00 04 34 c1 07 | a2 fe d0 ff 82 2d d1 ff |.....4..|.....-..|
|00004320| 20 22 00 00 12 20 62 72 | 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | "... br|PF......|
|00004330| 12 68 65 20 70 17 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 55 73 69 6e |.he p...|....Usin|
|00004340| 67 20 5c 2a 48 41 4e 44 | 4c 45 20 28 6f 72 20 2a |g \*HAND|LE (or *|
|00004350| 48 41 4e 44 4c 45 29 20 | 69 73 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 |HANDLE) |is anoth|
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|00004380| 77 6f 72 64 20 66 69 6c | 65 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 73 |word fil|ehandles|
|00004390| 20 28 62 65 66 6f 72 65 | 20 00 00 00 00 90 00 00 | (before| .......|
|000043a0| a5 a4 00 00 40 18 2f 07 | 7b c6 d0 ff 5b f5 d0 ff |....@./.|{...[...|
|000043b0| 20 22 00 00 70 65 72 6c | 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e | "..perl| version|
|000043c0| 20 35 2e 30 30 32 20 69 | 74 20 77 61 73 20 74 68 | 5.002 i|t was th|
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|000043e0| 65 20 74 77 6f 20 6d 65 | 74 68 6f 64 73 20 61 72 |e two me|thods ar|
|000043f0| 65 20 6c 61 72 67 65 6c | 79 20 69 6e 74 65 72 63 |e largel|y interc|
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|00004410| 61 6e 20 64 6f 0d 07 69 | 12 2f 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 |an do..i|./`..._.|
|00004420| 12 2f 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 6d 65 64 0c 30 60 00 |./`.....|.med.0`.|
|00004430| 13 b9 5f 00 12 2f 60 00 | 0c 30 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.._../`.|.0`.....|
|00004440| 00 a4 00 00 25 2c 00 00 | 40 50 bd 01 74 5f d0 ff |....%,..|@P..t_..|
|00004450| 84 86 d0 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 73 70 6c 75 74 74 65 72 |....p...|splutter|
|00004460| 28 5c 2a 53 54 44 4f 55 | 54 29 3b 0d 00 2c 00 00 |(\*STDOU|T);..,..|
|00004470| a5 68 00 00 40 80 32 02 | 94 30 d0 ff a4 57 d0 ff |.h..@.2.|.0...W..|
|00004480| 70 1a 00 00 24 72 65 63 | 20 3d 20 67 65 74 5f 72 |p...$rec| = get_r|
|00004490| 65 63 28 5c 2a 53 54 44 | 49 4e 29 3b 0d 08 20 61 |ec(\*STD|IN);.. a|
|000044a0| 0c 31 60 00 13 b9 5f 00 | 12 2f 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.1`..._.|./`.....|
|000044b0| 08 65 6e 63 12 00 00 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 00 00 00 00 |.enc....|.._.....|
|000044c0| 07 68 61 76 18 32 60 00 | 13 b9 5f 00 18 32 60 00 |.hav.2`.|.._..2`.|
|000044d0| 00 00 00 00 00 68 00 00 | a5 28 00 00 40 00 00 00 |.....h..|.(..@...|
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|000047d0| 70 1a 00 00 24 62 61 72 | 20 3d 20 24 24 73 63 61 |p...$bar| = $$sca|
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|00004800| 70 75 73 68 28 40 24 61 | 72 72 61 79 72 65 66 2c |push(@$a|rrayref,|
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|00004840| 65 66 5b 30 5d 20 3d 20 | 22 4a 61 6e 75 61 72 79 |ef[0] = |"January|
|00004850| 22 3b 0d 00 00 34 00 00 | 25 34 00 00 40 d0 78 02 |";...4..|%4..@.x.|
|00004860| 91 81 cd ff a1 a8 cd ff | 70 1a 00 00 24 24 68 61 |........|p...$$ha|
|00004870| 73 68 72 65 66 7b 22 4b | 45 59 22 7d 20 3d 20 22 |shref{"K|EY"} = "|
|00004880| 56 41 4c 55 45 22 3b 0d | 00 34 00 00 25 2c 00 00 |VALUE";.|.4..%,..|
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|000048c0| d1 23 cd ff e1 4a cd ff | 70 1a 00 00 70 72 69 6e |.#...J..|p...prin|
|000048d0| 74 20 24 67 6c 6f 62 72 | 65 66 20 22 6f 75 74 70 |t $globr|ef "outp|
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|00004a00| 00 00 00 00 20 64 65 72 | 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 69 |.... der|eferenci|
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|00004a70| 24 68 61 73 68 72 65 66 | 7b 22 4b 45 59 22 7d 08 |$hashref|{"KEY"}.|
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|00004b90| 20 22 00 00 48 6f 77 65 | 76 65 72 2c 20 61 20 22 | "..Howe|ver, a "|
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|00004f00| 7b 24 73 63 61 6c 61 72 | 72 65 66 7d 3b 0d 00 00 |{$scalar|ref};...|
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|00004f20| 04 4c c8 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 70 75 73 68 28 40 7b 24 |.L..p...|push(@{$|
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|00004f40| 6e 61 6d 65 29 3b 0d 00 | 00 38 00 00 25 38 00 00 |name);..|.8..%8..|
|00004f50| 40 40 90 02 14 f6 c7 ff | 24 1d c8 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@@......|$...p...|
|00004f60| 24 7b 24 61 72 72 61 79 | 72 65 66 7d 5b 30 5d 20 |${$array|ref}[0] |
|00004f70| 3d 20 22 4a 61 6e 75 61 | 72 79 22 3b 0d 00 00 00 |= "Janua|ry";....|
|00004f80| 00 38 00 00 25 38 00 00 | 40 b0 a7 02 34 c7 c7 ff |.8..%8..|@...4...|
|00004f90| 44 ee c7 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 24 7b 24 68 61 73 68 72 |D...p...|${$hashr|
|00004fa0| 65 66 7d 7b 22 4b 45 59 | 22 7d 20 3d 20 22 56 41 |ef}{"KEY|"} = "VA|
|00004fb0| 4c 55 45 22 3b 0d 00 00 | 00 38 00 00 25 2c 00 00 |LUE";...|.8..%,..|
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|00004fd0| 26 7b 24 63 6f 64 65 72 | 65 66 7d 28 31 2c 32 2c |&{$coder|ef}(1,2,|
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|00005010| 70 75 74 5c 6e 22 29 3b | 20 20 23 20 69 66 66 20 |put\n");|  # iff |
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|000050d0| 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 41 64 6d 69 74 74 65 64 |p.......|Admitted|
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|00005200| 29 3b 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 23 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 63 |);      |# call c|
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|00005270| 18 54 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 75 73 74 |.T`..5`.|.....ust|
|00005280| 14 55 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 55 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.U`..5`.|.U`.....|
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|000052a0| 66 1e c6 ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 68 61 74 50 46 00 00 |f... "..|.hatPF..|
|000052b0| 00 00 00 00 12 74 6f 20 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....to |p.......|
|000052c0| 42 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 | 6f 66 20 62 65 69 6e 67 |Because |of being|
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|00005310| 0e 56 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 24 24 78 08 0e 57 60 00 |.V`.....|$$x..W`.|
|00005320| 13 35 60 00 14 55 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 2c 20 70 65 |.5`..U`.|...., pe|
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|00005340| 74 68 65 20 6d 69 73 74 | 61 6b 65 20 6f 66 20 00 |the mist|ake of .|
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|00005360| 3f e6 c5 ff 20 22 00 00 | 76 69 65 77 69 6e 67 20 |?... "..|viewing |
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|000053c0| 2e 20 20 49 66 20 74 68 | 65 79 20 00 00 7c 00 00 |.  If th|ey ..|..|
|000053d0| 05 84 00 00 00 28 88 07 | 38 7f c5 ff 18 ae c5 ff |.....(..|8.......|
|000053e0| 20 22 00 00 77 65 72 65 | 2c 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 | "..were|, though|
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|00005400| 70 61 72 65 6e 74 68 65 | 73 65 73 20 69 6e 73 74 |parenthe|ses inst|
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|00005420| 54 68 61 74 27 73 20 6e | 6f 74 20 74 68 65 20 63 |That's n|ot the c|
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|00005440| 65 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 | 65 6e 63 65 20 00 00 00 |e differ|ence ...|
|00005450| 00 84 00 00 a5 b8 00 00 | 40 14 66 04 11 47 c5 ff |........|@.f..G..|
|00005460| f1 75 c5 ff 20 22 00 00 | 62 65 6c 6f 77 3b 20 63 |.u.. "..|below; c|
|00005470| 61 73 65 20 30 20 69 73 | 20 61 20 73 68 6f 72 74 |ase 0 is| a short|
|00005480| 2d 68 61 6e 64 20 76 65 | 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |-hand ve|rsion of|
|00005490| 20 63 61 73 65 20 31 2c | 20 07 60 00 11 58 60 00 | case 1,| .`..X`.|
|000054a0| 13 35 60 00 14 55 60 00 | 11 58 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.5`..U`.|.X`.....|
|000054b0| 4e 4f 54 08 11 00 00 00 | 13 35 60 00 14 55 60 00 |NOT.....|.5`..U`.|
|000054c0| 00 00 00 00 20 63 61 73 | 65 20 32 3a 0d 08 74 65 |.... cas|e 2:..te|
|000054d0| 14 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 69 6e 67 |.....5`.|.....ing|
|000054e0| 12 59 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 12 59 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.Y`..5`.|.Y`.....|
|000054f0| 07 66 20 79 0c 5a 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 12 59 60 00 |.f y.Z`.|.5`..Y`.|
|00005500| 0c 5a 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 b8 00 00 25 48 00 00 |.Z`.....|....%H..|
|00005510| 40 40 07 04 0a e0 c4 ff | 1a 07 c5 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@@......|....p...|
|00005520| 24 24 68 61 73 68 72 65 | 66 7b 22 4b 45 59 22 7d |$$hashre|f{"KEY"}|
|00005530| 20 20 20 3d 20 22 56 41 | 4c 55 45 22 3b 20 20 20 |   = "VA|LUE";   |
|00005540| 20 20 20 20 23 20 43 41 | 53 45 20 30 0d 00 00 00 |    # CA|SE 0....|
|00005550| 00 48 00 00 25 48 00 00 | 40 40 07 04 2a b1 c4 ff |.H..%H..|@@..*...|
|00005560| 3a d8 c4 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 24 7b 24 68 61 73 68 72 |:...p...|${$hashr|
|00005570| 65 66 7d 7b 22 4b 45 59 | 22 7d 20 3d 20 22 56 41 |ef}{"KEY|"} = "VA|
|00005580| 4c 55 45 22 3b 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 43 41 |LUE";   |    # CA|
|00005590| 53 45 20 31 0d 00 00 00 | 00 48 00 00 25 48 00 00 |SE 1....|.H..%H..|
|000055a0| 40 40 07 04 4a 82 c4 ff | 5a a9 c4 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@@..J...|Z...p...|
|000055b0| 24 7b 24 68 61 73 68 72 | 65 66 7b 22 4b 45 59 22 |${$hashr|ef{"KEY"|
|000055c0| 7d 7d 20 3d 20 22 56 41 | 4c 55 45 22 3b 20 20 20 |}} = "VA|LUE";   |
|000055d0| 20 20 20 20 23 20 43 41 | 53 45 20 32 0d 00 00 00 |    # CA|SE 2....|
|000055e0| 00 48 00 00 a5 7c 00 00 | 40 40 07 04 6a 53 c4 ff |.H...|..|@@..jS..|
|000055f0| 7a 7a c4 ff 70 1a 00 00 | 24 7b 24 68 61 73 68 72 |zz..p...|${$hashr|
|00005600| 65 66 2d 3e 7b 22 4b 45 | 59 22 7d 7d 20 3d 20 22 |ef->{"KE|Y"}} = "|
|00005610| 56 41 4c 55 45 22 3b 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 43 41 |VALUE"; |    # CA|
|00005620| 53 45 20 33 0d 08 68 69 | 0c 5b 60 00 13 35 60 00 |SE 3..hi|.[`..5`.|
|00005630| 12 59 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 08 74 61 62 12 00 00 00 |.Y`.....|.tab....|
|00005640| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 68 20 68 18 5c 60 00 |.5`.....|.h h.\`.|
|00005650| 13 35 60 00 18 5c 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 7c 00 00 |.5`..\`.|.....|..|
|00005660| a5 28 00 00 40 00 00 00 | da 3e c4 ff 9a 4b c4 ff |.(..@...|.>...K..|
|00005670| 00 00 00 00 0d 08 60 00 | 18 5d 60 00 13 35 60 00 |......`.|.]`..5`.|
|00005680| 00 00 00 00 00 28 00 00 | 05 98 00 00 04 f0 d7 07 |.....(..|........|
|00005690| 0a e6 c3 ff ea 14 c4 ff | 20 22 00 00 12 66 20 3d |........| "...f =|
|000056a0| 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 4c 41 52 70 17 00 00 |PF......|.LARp...|
|000056b0| 00 00 00 00 43 61 73 65 | 20 32 20 69 73 20 61 6c |....Case| 2 is al|
|000056c0| 73 6f 20 64 65 63 65 70 | 74 69 76 65 20 69 6e 20 |so decep|tive in |
|000056d0| 74 68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 | 27 72 65 20 61 63 63 65 |that you|'re acce|
|000056e0| 73 73 69 6e 67 20 61 20 | 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 |ssing a |variable|
|000056f0| 20 63 61 6c 6c 65 64 20 | 25 68 61 73 68 72 65 66 | called |%hashref|
|00005700| 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 64 65 | 72 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 |, not de|referenc|
|00005710| 69 6e 67 20 74 68 72 6f | 75 67 68 20 00 98 00 00 |ing thro|ugh ....|
|00005720| a5 74 00 00 40 a0 3c 05 | e3 ad c3 ff c3 dc c3 ff |.t..@.<.|........|
|00005730| 20 22 00 00 24 68 61 73 | 68 72 65 66 20 74 6f 20 | "..$has|href to |
|00005740| 74 68 65 20 68 61 73 68 | 20 69 74 27 73 20 70 72 |the hash| it's pr|
|00005750| 65 73 75 6d 61 62 6c 79 | 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 6e |esumably| referen|
|00005760| 63 69 6e 67 2e 20 20 54 | 68 61 74 20 77 6f 75 6c |cing.  T|hat woul|
|00005770| 64 20 62 65 20 63 61 73 | 65 20 33 2e 0d 07 6f 66 |d be cas|e 3...of|
|00005780| 14 5e 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 5e 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.^`..5`.|.^`.....|
|00005790| 00 74 00 00 85 ac 00 00 | 04 24 f8 07 0c 3f c3 ff |.t......|.$...?..|
|000057a0| ec 6d c3 ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 6f 6f 7b e0 2e 00 00 |.m.. "..|.oo{....|
|000057b0| 00 00 00 00 33 07 65 74 | 14 5f 60 00 13 35 60 00 |....3.et|._`..5`.|
|000057c0| 14 5f 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 65 2c 20 70 17 00 00 |._`.....|.e, p...|
|000057d0| 00 00 00 00 53 75 62 72 | 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 20 63 |....Subr|outine c|
|000057e0| 61 6c 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6c 6f 6f 6b 75 70 73 |alls and| lookups|
|000057f0| 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 64 69 | 76 69 64 75 61 6c 20 61 | of indi|vidual a|
|00005800| 72 72 61 79 20 65 6c 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 61 72 |rray ele|ments ar|
|00005810| 69 73 65 20 6f 66 74 65 | 6e 20 65 6e 6f 75 67 68 |ise ofte|n enough|
|00005820| 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 | 20 67 65 74 73 20 63 75 | that it| gets cu|
|00005830| 6d 62 65 72 73 6f 6d 65 | 20 74 6f 20 00 ac 00 00 |mbersome| to ....|
|00005840| a5 a8 00 00 40 d4 67 06 | e5 06 c3 ff c5 35 c3 ff |....@.g.|.....5..|
|00005850| 20 22 00 00 75 73 65 20 | 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 20 32 | "..use |method 2|
|00005860| 2e 20 20 41 73 20 61 20 | 66 6f 72 6d 20 6f 66 20 |.  As a |form of |
|00005870| 73 79 6e 74 61 63 74 69 | 63 20 73 75 67 61 72 2c |syntacti|c sugar,|
|00005880| 20 74 68 65 20 65 78 61 | 6d 70 6c 65 73 20 66 6f | the exa|mples fo|
|00005890| 72 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 | 20 32 20 6d 61 79 20 62 |r method| 2 may b|
|000058a0| 65 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 | 6e 3a 0d 08 14 00 00 00 |e writte|n:......|
|000058b0| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 23 60 00 12 60 60 00 |.5`.....|.#`..``.|
|000058c0| 13 35 60 00 12 60 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 |.5`..``.|........|
|000058d0| 0c 61 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 12 60 60 00 0c 61 60 00 |.a`..5`.|.``..a`.|
|000058e0| 00 00 00 00 00 a8 00 00 | 25 48 00 00 40 b0 1e 04 |........|%H..@...|
|000058f0| de 9f c2 ff ee c6 c2 ff | 70 1a 00 00 24 61 72 72 |........|p...$arr|
|00005900| 61 79 72 65 66 2d 3e 5b | 30 5d 20 3d 20 22 4a 61 |ayref->[|0] = "Ja|
|00005910| 6e 75 61 72 79 22 3b 20 | 20 20 23 20 41 72 72 61 |nuary"; |  # Arra|
|00005920| 79 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 0d 00 00 00 48 00 00 |y elemen|t....H..|
|00005930| 25 48 00 00 40 40 07 04 | fe 70 c2 ff 0e 98 c2 ff |%H..@@..|.p......|
|00005940| 70 1a 00 00 24 68 61 73 | 68 72 65 66 2d 3e 7b 22 |p...$has|href->{"|
|00005950| 4b 45 59 22 7d 20 3d 20 | 22 56 41 4c 55 45 22 3b |KEY"} = |"VALUE";|
|00005960| 20 20 23 20 48 61 73 68 | 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 |  # Hash| element|
|00005970| 0d 00 00 00 00 48 00 00 | a5 80 00 00 40 90 4d 04 |.....H..|....@.M.|
|00005980| 1e 42 c2 ff 2e 69 c2 ff | 70 1a 00 00 24 63 6f 64 |.B...i..|p...$cod|
|00005990| 65 72 65 66 2d 3e 28 31 | 2c 32 2c 33 29 3b 20 20 |eref->(1|,2,3);  |
|000059a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 23 20 53 75 62 72 |        |  # Subr|
|000059b0| 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 20 63 | 61 6c 6c 0d 08 20 69 66 |outine c|all.. if|
|000059c0| 0c 62 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 12 60 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.b`..5`.|.``.....|
|000059d0| 08 54 48 49 12 00 00 00 | 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.THI....|.5`.....|
|000059e0| 07 6e 20 75 18 63 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 18 63 60 00 |.n u.c`.|.5`..c`.|
|000059f0| 00 00 00 00 00 80 00 00 | a5 3c 00 00 40 00 00 00 |........|.<..@...|
|00005a00| 8e 2d c2 ff 4e 3a c2 ff | 00 00 00 00 0d 08 66 6f |.-..N:..|......fo|
|00005a10| 18 64 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 75 72 6e |.d`..5`.|.....urn|
|00005a20| 14 65 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 65 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.e`..5`.|.e`.....|
|00005a30| 00 3c 00 00 05 9c 00 00 | 04 9c fb 07 be d4 c1 ff |.<......|........|
|00005a40| 9e 03 c2 ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 66 6f 6f 50 46 00 00 |.... "..|.fooPF..|
|00005a50| 00 00 00 00 12 65 65 6e | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....een|p.......|
|00005a60| 54 68 65 20 6c 65 66 74 | 20 73 69 64 65 20 6f 66 |The left| side of|
|00005a70| 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 72 | 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 62 | the arr|ow can b|
|00005a80| 65 20 61 6e 79 20 65 78 | 70 72 65 73 73 69 6f 6e |e any ex|pression|
|00005a90| 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 69 | 6e 67 20 61 20 72 65 66 | returni|ng a ref|
|00005aa0| 65 72 65 6e 63 65 2c 20 | 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 6e |erence, |includin|
|00005ab0| 67 20 61 20 70 72 65 76 | 69 6f 75 73 20 64 65 72 |g a prev|ious der|
|00005ac0| 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 | 2e 20 20 00 00 9c 00 00 |eference|.  .....|
|00005ad0| a5 0c 01 00 40 8c 7a 05 | 97 9c c1 ff 77 cb c1 ff |....@.z.|....w...|
|00005ae0| 20 22 00 00 4e 6f 74 65 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 07 20 | "..Note| that . |
|00005af0| 0e 66 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 65 60 00 0e 66 60 00 |.f`..5`.|.e`..f`.|
|00005b00| 00 00 00 00 24 61 72 72 | 61 79 5b 24 78 5d 08 74 |....$arr|ay[$x].t|
|00005b10| 0e 67 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 65 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.g`..5`.|.e`.....|
|00005b20| 20 69 73 20 07 00 00 00 | 11 68 60 00 13 35 60 00 | is ....|.h`..5`.|
|00005b30| 14 65 60 00 11 68 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 4e 4f 54 08 |.e`..h`.|....NOT.|
|00005b40| 11 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 | 14 65 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.....5`.|.e`.....|
|00005b50| 20 74 68 65 20 73 61 6d | 65 20 74 68 69 6e 67 20 | the sam|e thing |
|00005b60| 61 73 20 07 0e 69 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 14 65 60 00 |as ..i`.|.5`..e`.|
|00005b70| 0e 69 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 24 61 72 72 61 79 2d 3e |.i`.....|$array->|
|00005b80| 5b 24 78 5d 08 66 68 20 | 0e 6a 60 00 13 35 60 00 |[$x].fh |.j`..5`.|
|00005b90| 14 65 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 20 68 65 72 65 3a 0d 08 |.e`.....| here:..|
|00005ba0| 14 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 25 60 00 |.....5`.|.....%`.|
|00005bb0| 12 6b 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 12 6b 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.k`..5`.|.k`.....|
|00005bc0| 07 00 00 00 0c 6c 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 12 6b 60 00 |.....l`.|.5`..k`.|
|00005bd0| 0c 6c 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 0c 01 00 a5 74 00 00 |.l`.....|.....t..|
|00005be0| 40 30 63 03 90 35 c1 ff | a0 5c c1 ff 70 1a 00 00 |@0c..5..|.\..p...|
|00005bf0| 24 61 72 72 61 79 5b 24 | 78 5d 2d 3e 7b 22 66 6f |$array[$|x]->{"fo|
|00005c00| 6f 22 7d 2d 3e 5b 30 5d | 20 3d 20 22 4a 61 6e 75 |o"}->[0]| = "Janu|
|00005c10| 61 72 79 22 3b 0d 08 63 | 0c 6d 60 00 13 35 60 00 |ary";..c|.m`..5`.|
|00005c20| 12 6b 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 08 7b 49 4f 12 00 00 00 |.k`.....|.{IO....|
|00005c30| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 65 63 20 18 6e 60 00 |.5`.....|.ec .n`.|
|00005c40| 13 35 60 00 18 6e 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 74 00 00 |.5`..n`.|.....t..|
|00005c50| a5 28 00 00 40 00 00 00 | 00 21 c1 ff c0 2d c1 ff |.(..@...|.!...-..|
|00005c60| 00 00 00 00 0d 08 66 68 | 18 6f 60 00 13 35 60 00 |......fh|.o`..5`.|
|00005c70| 00 00 00 00 00 28 00 00 | 05 98 00 00 04 14 c9 07 |.....(..|........|
|00005c80| 30 c8 c0 ff 10 f7 c0 ff | 20 22 00 00 12 00 00 00 |0.......| "......|
|00005c90| 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 12 b9 5f 00 70 17 00 00 |PF......|.._.p...|
|00005ca0| 00 00 00 00 54 68 69 73 | 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 |....This| is one |
|00005cb0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 63 | 61 73 65 73 20 77 65 20 |of the c|ases we |
|00005cc0| 6d 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 65 | 64 20 65 61 72 6c 69 65 |mentione|d earlie|
|00005cd0| 72 20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 20 72 65 66 65 72 |r in whi|ch refer|
|00005ce0| 65 6e 63 65 73 20 63 6f | 75 6c 64 20 73 70 72 69 |ences co|uld spri|
|00005cf0| 6e 67 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | 65 78 69 73 74 65 6e 63 |ng into |existenc|
|00005d00| 65 20 77 68 65 6e 20 69 | 6e 20 00 00 00 98 00 00 |e when i|n ......|
|00005d10| 85 94 00 00 00 78 d2 06 | 09 90 c0 ff e9 be c0 ff |.....x..|........|
|00005d20| 20 22 00 00 61 6e 20 6c | 76 61 6c 75 65 20 63 6f | "..an l|value co|
|00005d30| 6e 74 65 78 74 2e 20 20 | 42 65 66 6f 72 65 20 74 |ntext.  |Before t|
|00005d40| 68 69 73 20 73 74 61 74 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 07 |his stat|ement, .|
|00005d50| 0e 70 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 0e 70 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.p`..5`.|.p`.....|
|00005d60| 24 61 72 72 61 79 5b 24 | 78 5d 08 66 0e 71 60 00 |$array[$|x].f.q`.|
|00005d70| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 20 6d 61 79 20 68 61 76 |.5`.....| may hav|
|00005d80| 65 20 62 65 65 6e 20 75 | 6e 64 65 66 69 6e 65 64 |e been u|ndefined|
|00005d90| 2e 20 20 49 66 20 73 6f | 2c 20 69 74 27 73 20 00 |.  If so|, it's .|
|00005da0| 00 94 00 00 85 a4 00 00 | 00 90 d8 06 e2 57 c0 ff |........|.....W..|
|00005db0| c2 86 c0 ff 20 22 00 00 | 61 75 74 6f 6d 61 74 69 |.... "..|automati|
|00005dc0| 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 64 65 | 66 69 6e 65 64 20 77 69 |cally de|fined wi|
|00005dd0| 74 68 20 61 20 68 61 73 | 68 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 |th a has|h refere|
|00005de0| 6e 63 65 20 73 6f 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 77 65 20 63 |nce so t|hat we c|
|00005df0| 61 6e 20 6c 6f 6f 6b 20 | 75 70 20 07 0e 72 60 00 |an look |up ..r`.|
|00005e00| 13 35 60 00 0e 72 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 7b 22 66 6f |.5`..r`.|....{"fo|
|00005e10| 6f 22 7d 08 0e 73 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 |o"}..s`.|.5`.....|
|00005e20| 20 69 6e 20 69 74 2e 20 | 20 4c 69 6b 65 77 69 73 | in it. | Likewis|
|00005e30| 65 20 07 65 0e 74 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 0e 74 60 00 |e .e.t`.|.5`..t`.|
|00005e40| 00 00 00 00 00 a4 00 00 | 85 84 00 00 00 f4 85 07 |........|........|
|00005e50| bb 1f c0 ff 9b 4e c0 ff | ba 1f 00 00 24 61 72 72 |.....N..|....$arr|
|00005e60| 61 79 5b 24 78 5d 2d 3e | 7b 22 66 6f 6f 22 7d 08 |ay[$x]->|{"foo"}.|
|00005e70| 0e 75 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 20 77 69 6c |.u`..5`.|.... wil|
|00005e80| 6c 20 61 75 74 6f 6d 61 | 74 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 |l automa|tically |
|00005e90| 67 65 74 20 64 65 66 69 | 6e 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 |get defi|ned with|
|00005ea0| 20 61 6e 20 61 72 72 61 | 79 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 | an arra|y refere|
|00005eb0| 6e 63 65 20 73 6f 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 77 65 20 63 |nce so t|hat we c|
|00005ec0| 61 6e 20 6c 6f 6f 6b 20 | 00 84 00 00 01 10 00 00 |an look |........|
|00005ed0| 40 a8 f0 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 10 00 00 02 18 00 00 |@.......|........|
|00005ee0| d4 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 |........|.5`.....|
|00005ef0| 00 18 00 00 a5 50 00 00 | 40 a8 f0 00 0b 46 be ff |.....P..|@....F..|
|00005f00| eb 74 be ff 20 22 00 00 | 16 00 00 00 b0 fc 07 00 |.t.. "..|........|
|00005f10| 00 00 00 00 75 70 20 07 | 0e 76 60 00 13 35 60 00 |....up .|.v`..5`.|
|00005f20| 0e 76 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 5b 30 5d 08 0e 77 60 00 |.v`.....|[0]..w`.|
|00005f30| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 20 69 6e 20 69 74 2e 0d |.5`.....| in it..|
|00005f40| 00 50 00 00 85 b0 00 00 | 04 94 88 07 34 d7 bd ff |.P......|....4...|
|00005f50| 14 06 be ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 79 20 64 50 46 00 00 |.... "..|.y dPF..|
|00005f60| 00 00 00 00 12 6e 6f 77 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....now|p.......|
|00005f70| 4f 6e 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 74 68 69 6e 67 20 68 |One more| thing h|
|00005f80| 65 72 65 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 61 72 72 6f 77 20 |ere.  Th|e arrow |
|00005f90| 69 73 20 6f 70 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 20 07 64 61 74 |is optio|nal .dat|
|00005fa0| 11 78 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 11 78 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.x`..5`.|.x`.....|
|00005fb0| 42 45 54 57 45 45 4e 08 | 11 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 |BETWEEN.|.....5`.|
|00005fc0| 00 00 00 00 20 62 72 61 | 63 6b 65 74 73 20 73 75 |.... bra|ckets su|
|00005fd0| 62 73 63 72 69 70 74 73 | 2c 20 73 6f 20 79 6f 75 |bscripts|, so you|
|00005fe0| 20 63 61 6e 20 73 68 72 | 69 6e 6b 20 74 68 65 20 | can shr|ink the |
|00005ff0| 00 b0 00 00 a5 50 00 00 | 40 00 14 01 0d 9f bd ff |.....P..|@.......|
|00006000| ed cd bd ff 20 22 00 00 | 61 62 6f 76 65 20 64 6f |.... "..|above do|
|00006010| 77 6e 20 74 6f 0d 07 74 | 12 79 60 00 13 35 60 00 |wn to..t|.y`..5`.|
|00006020| 12 79 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 66 20 69 0c 7a 60 00 |.y`.....|.f i.z`.|
|00006030| 13 35 60 00 12 79 60 00 | 0c 7a 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.5`..y`.|.z`.....|
|00006040| 00 50 00 00 a5 70 00 00 | 40 70 05 03 06 38 bd ff |.P...p..|@p...8..|
|00006050| 16 5f bd ff 70 1a 00 00 | 24 61 72 72 61 79 5b 24 |._..p...|$array[$|
|00006060| 78 5d 7b 22 66 6f 6f 22 | 7d 5b 30 5d 20 3d 20 22 |x]{"foo"|}[0] = "|
|00006070| 4a 61 6e 75 61 72 79 22 | 3b 0d 08 69 0c 7b 60 00 |January"|;..i.{`.|
|00006080| 13 35 60 00 12 79 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 08 65 20 73 |.5`..y`.|.....e s|
|00006090| 12 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 07 65 20 63 |.....5`.|.....e c|
|000060a0| 18 7c 60 00 13 35 60 00 | 18 7c 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.|`..5`.|.|`.....|
|000060b0| 00 70 00 00 a5 3c 00 00 | 40 00 00 00 76 23 bd ff |.p...<..|@...v#..|
|000060c0| 36 30 bd ff 00 00 00 00 | 0d 08 0d 08 18 7d 60 00 |60......|.....}`.|
|000060d0| 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 05 05 05 14 7e 60 00 |.5`.....|.....~`.|
|000060e0| 13 35 60 00 14 7e 60 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 3c 00 00 |.5`..~`.|.....<..|
|000060f0| 05 9c 00 00 04 ac fa 07 | a6 ca bc ff 86 f9 bc ff |........|........|
|00006100| 20 22 00 00 12 62 61 72 | 50 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 | "...bar|PF......|
|00006110| 12 61 72 72 70 17 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 57 68 69 63 |.arrp...|....Whic|
|00006120| 68 2c 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 65 67 65 6e 65 |h, in th|e degene|
|00006130| 72 61 74 65 20 63 61 73 | 65 20 6f 66 20 75 73 69 |rate cas|e of usi|
|00006140| 6e 67 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 | 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 72 79 |ng only |ordinary|
|00006150| 20 61 72 72 61 79 73 2c | 20 67 69 76 65 73 20 79 | arrays,| gives y|
|00006160| 6f 75 20 6d 75 6c 74 69 | 64 69 6d 65 6e 73 69 6f |ou multi|dimensio|
|00006170| 6e 61 6c 20 61 72 72 61 | 79 73 20 6a 75 73 74 20 |nal arra|ys just |
|00006180| 6c 69 6b 65 20 00 00 00 | 00 9c 00 00 a5 58 00 00 |like ...|.....X..|
|00006190| 40 f8 46 00 7f 92 bc ff | 5f c1 bc ff 20 22 00 00 |@.F.....|_... "..|
|000061a0| 43 27 73 3a 0d 08 60 00 | 14 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 |C's:..`.|.....5`.|
|000061b0| 00 00 00 00 07 35 60 00 | 12 7f 60 00 13 35 60 00 |.....5`.|..`..5`.|
|000061c0| 12 7f 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 07 3b 60 00 0c 80 60 00 |..`.....|.;`...`.|
|000061d0| 13 35 60 00 12 7f 60 00 | 0c 80 60 00 00 00 00 00 |.5`...`.|..`.....|
|000061e0| 00 58 00 00 a5 68 00 00 | 40 f0 49 02 78 2b bc ff |.X...h..|@.I.x+..|
|000061f0| 88 52 bc ff 70 1a 00 00 | 24 73 63 6f 72 65 5b 24 |.R..p...|$score[$|
|00006200| 78 5d 5b 24 79 5d 5b 24 | 7a 5d 20 2b 3d 20 34 32 |x][$y][$|z] += 42|
|00006210| 3b 0d 08 61 0c 81 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 12 7f 60 00 |;..a..`.|.5`...`.|
|00006220| 00 00 00 00 08 3d 60 00 | 12 00 00 00 13 35 60 00 |.....=`.|.....5`.|
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|00006240| 18 82 60 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 68 00 00 a5 28 00 00 |..`.....|.h...(..|
|00006250| 40 00 00 00 e8 16 bc ff | a8 23 bc ff 00 00 00 00 |@.......|.#......|
|00006260| 0d 08 72 65 18 83 60 00 | 13 35 60 00 00 00 00 00 |..re..`.|.5`.....|
|00006270| 00 28 00 00 05 98 00 00 | 04 d4 ab 07 18 be bb ff |.(......|........|
|00006280| f8 ec bb ff 20 22 00 00 | 12 40 60 00 50 46 00 00 |.... "..|.@`.PF..|
|00006290| 00 00 00 00 12 72 65 66 | 70 17 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.....ref|p.......|
|000062a0| 57 65 6c 6c 2c 20 6f 6b | 61 79 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 |Well, ok|ay, not |
|000062b0| 65 6e 74 69 72 65 6c 79 | 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 43 27 |entirely| like C'|
|000062c0| 73 20 61 72 72 61 79 73 | 2c 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c |s arrays|, actual|
|000062d0| 6c 79 2e 20 20 43 20 64 | 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 6b |ly.  C d|oesn't k|
|000062e0| 6e 6f 77 20 68 6f 77 20 | 74 6f 20 67 72 6f 77 20 |now how |to grow |
|000062f0| 69 74 73 20 61 72 72 61 | 79 73 20 6f 6e 20 64 65 |its arra|ys on de|
|00006300| 6d 61 6e 64 2e 20 20 00 | 00 98 00 00 25 24 00 00 |mand.  .|....%$..|
|00006310| 40 e0 b8 00 f1 85 bb ff | d1 b4 bb ff 20 22 00 00 |@.......|.... "..|
|00006320| 50 65 72 6c 20 64 6f 65 | 73 2e 0d 00 00 24 00 00 |Perl doe|s....$..|
|00006330| 05 98 00 00 04 24 92 07 | 1a 17 bb ff fa 45 bb ff |.....$..|.....E..|
|00006340| 20 22 00 00 12 20 61 20 | e0 2e 00 00 00 00 00 00 | "... a |........|
|00006350| 34 12 6c 61 70 17 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 49 66 20 61 |4.lap...|....If a|
|00006360| 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 6e | 63 65 20 68 61 70 70 65 | referen|ce happe|
|00006370| 6e 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 | 20 61 20 72 65 66 65 72 |ns to be| a refer|
|00006380| 65 6e 63 65 20 74 6f 20 | 61 6e 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 |ence to |an objec|
|00006390| 74 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 | 74 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 |t, then |there ar|
|000063a0| 65 20 70 72 6f 62 61 62 | 6c 79 20 6d 65 74 68 6f |e probab|ly metho|
|000063b0| 64 73 20 74 6f 20 61 63 | 63 65 73 73 20 74 68 65 |ds to ac|cess the|
|000063c0| 20 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 | 05 80 00 00 00 e4 59 07 | .......|......Y.|
|000063d0| f3 de ba ff d3 0d bb ff | 20 22 00 00 74 68 69 6e |........| "..thin|
|000063e0| 67 73 20 72 65 66 65 72 | 72 65 64 20 74 6f 2c 20 |gs refer|red to, |
|000063f0| 61 6e 64 20 79 6f 75 20 | 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 70 |and you |should p|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+