ftp.cs.arizona.edu/ftp.cs.arizona.edu.tar/ftp.cs.arizona.edu/bib/time.bib

Text File | 1996-01-25 | 794KB | 23,859 lines

@Comment(BIBTEMPLATE .)
@Comment(BIBREFERENCES stdalphabetic)
@Comment{BIBSEPARATORS ",;"}


@phdthesis    ( ABADI87,
key    =    "Abadi" ,
author    =    "Abadi, M." ,
title    =    "Temporal-Logic Theorem Proving" ,
school    =    "Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:29:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABBOD87,
key    =    "Abbod et al." ,
author    =    "Abbod, T. and Brown, K. and Noble, H." ,
title    =    "Providing Time-related Constraints for
Conventional Database Systems" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brighton, England" ,
editor    =    "Hammersley, P." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "167--175" ,
abstract=    "A model for a historical database is described
which is based upon time-stamped tuples as the unit of storage. The
model includes both physical and logical time-stamps. the technical
characteristics of write-once laser discs prevent the use of double
logical time-stamps. The model distinguishes version from
correction-updates. It is shown that if set-valued attributes are
involved the use of null values is unavoidable if back-dated
correction-updates are allowed. A method of handling user-defined
integrity constraint rules is outlined which involves the maintenance
of a time-stamped trace of such rules. Such a trace is necessary for
the proper handling of back-dated correction-updates. An outline of a
system SIS-BASE is described which implements some of these ideas." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 28 17:11:20 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABERER94V,
author    =    "Aberer, Karl and Klas, Wolfgang" ,
title    =    "{Supporting Temporal Multimedia Operations in
Object-oriented Database Management Systems}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference
on Multimedia Computing and Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Boston, MA" ,
month    =    may ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABITEBOUL85,
key    =    "Abiteboul \& Vianu" ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "Transactions and Integrity Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "193--204" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 12:29:00 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABITEBOUL86,
key    =    "Abiteboul \& Vianu" ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "Deciding Properties of Transactional Schemas" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "235--239" ,
abstract=    "When the admissible operations on a database are
specified using transactional schemas, certain properties of such
schemas are desirable. Unfortunately, most of these properties are
undecidable. Such properties are systematically examined in this
paper. The results concern restrictions on transactions and on
properties, which imply decidability. Some of the results are
surprising, and provide new insight into the nature of relational
transactions." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 12:27:15 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABITEBOUL87,
key    =    "Abiteboul \& Vianu" ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "A Transaction Language Complete for Database
Update and Specification" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
address    =    "San Diego, CA" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 13:54:10 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABITEBOUL88A,
key    =    "Abiteboul \& Vianu" ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "The Connection of Static Constraints with
Determinism and Boundness of Dynamic Specifications" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third International Conference
on Data and Knowledge Bases" ,
address    =    "Jerusalem" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:28:03 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( ABITEBOUL89,
key    =    "Abiteboul \& Vianu" ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "A Transaction-Based Approach to Relational
Database Specification" ,
journal    =    "jacm" ,
volume    =    "36" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "758--789" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:14:15 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( ABITEBOUL89B,
key    =    "Abiteboul et al." ,
author    =    "Abiteboul, S. and Fischer, P. and Schek, H." ,
title    =    "Nested Relations and Complex Objects in Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
volume    =    "361" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:35:12 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ABITEBOUL95,
key    =    "Abiteboul et al." ,
author    =    "Abitoboul, S. and Herr, L. and Van den Bussche, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Connectives Versus Explicit Timestamps in
Temporal Query Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "43--60" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 12:49:22 1995" ,
abstract=    "Some temporal query languages work directly on a
timestamp representation of the temporal database, while others
provide a more implicit access to the flow of time by means of
temporal connectives. We study the differences in expressive power
between these two approaches. We first consider first-order logic
(i.e., the relational calculus). We show that first-order future
temporal logic is strictly less powerful than the relational calculus
with explicit timestamps. We also consider extensions of the
relational calculus with iteration constructs such as least fixpoints
or while-loops. We again compare augmentations of these languages with
temporal left and right moves on the one hand, and with explicit
timestamps on the other hand. For example, we show that a version of
fixpoint logic with left and right moves lies between the explicit
timestamp versions of first-order and fixpoint logic, respectively." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( ADB92,
key    =    "ADB" ,
author    =    "ADB" ,
title    =    "MATISSE Technology Overview" ,
institution=    "ADB/Intellitic" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan  6 16:30:32 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( ADB93,
key    =    "ADB" ,
author    =    "ADB" ,
title    =    "MATISSE Versioning" ,
institution=    "ADB/Intellitic" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan  6 16:29:59 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADELBERG95V,
author    =    "B. Adelberg and H. Garcia-Molina and B. Kao" ,
title    =    "{Applying Update Streams in a Soft Real-Time
Database System}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
month    =    may ,
pages    =    "245--256" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA81A,
key    =    "Adiba" ,
author    =    "Adiba, M." ,
title    =    "Derived Relations: A Unified Mechanism for Views,
Snapshots and Distributed Data" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
pages    =    "86--91" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
address    =    "Cannes, France" ,
abstract=    "In a relational system, a database is composed of
base relations, views, and snapshots. We show that this traditional
approach can be extended to different classes of derived relations,
and we propose a unified data definition mechanism for centralized and
distributed databases. Our mechanism, called DEREL, can be used to
define base relations and to derive different classes of views,
snapshots, partitioned and replicated data. DEREL is intended to be
part of a general purpose distributed relational database management
system." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct  9 09:44:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA85A,
key    =    "Adiba et al." ,
author    =    "Adiba, M. and Bui Quang, N. and Palazzo de
Oliveira, J." ,
title    =    "Time Concept in Generalized Data Bases" ,
booktitle=    "acmac" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "214--223" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug 19 19:11:00 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA86A,
key    =    "Adiba \& Bui Quang" ,
author    =    "Adiba, M. E. and Bui Quang, N." ,
title    =    "Historical Multi-media Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
editor    =    "Kambayashi, Y." ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "63--70" ,
abstract=    "We develop here several notions in order to
define, store and manipulate historical data in generalized or
multi-media databases i.e databases which are able to handle
non-classical data (text, image, voice). For a given database object
X, an history is a sequence of the successive values that X took
across time. This notion has been studied before but here, we
generalize histories by considering different types of database
objects. Particularly, we apply the history notion to multi-media
documents and we propose extensions for data definition and
manipulation languages. The following points are discussed: definition
of object histories (periodicity, persistency), propagation of
historicity, update and history management, history and schema
modification." ,
keywords=    "historical databases, multi-media databases" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri May  8 17:34:16 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA87,
key    =    "Adiba \& Quang" ,
author    =    "Adiba, M. and Quang, N. B." ,
title    =    "Dynamic Database Snapshots, Albums, and Movies" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "207--225" ,
keywords=    "Databases; time and historical databases; complex
objects" ,
abstract=    "One main requirement of future DBMS is to handle
different aspects of time and of complex object evolution. For this,
we develop different kinds of histories and we apply them to database
snapshots. First, we define snapshots as a data type with an
associated operation: refresh. Then, we define concepts of dynamic
snapshots, albums and movies as histories of snapshots. The problem of
movie refresh is studied in more details for avoiding costly
re-evaluations of movie definition queries." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 13:56:39 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( ADIBA87B,
key    =    "Adiba et al." ,
author    =    " Adiba, M. and Bui Quang, N. and Collet, C." ,
title    =    "Aspect Temporels, Historiques et Dynamiques des
Bases de Donn\'{e}es" ,
journal    =    "TSI-Technique et Science Informatiqes" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "5" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "457-478" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:40:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( ADIBA88,
key    =    "Adiba" ,
author    =    "Adiba, M." ,
title    =    "Histories and Versions for Multimedia Complex
Objects" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Database Engineering" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "3--10" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:09:33 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA95,
key    =    "Adiba" ,
author    =    "Adiba, Michel" ,
title    =    "STORM: A Structural and Temporal Object-Oriented
Multimedia Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of The International Workshop on
MMDBMS'95" ,
address    =    "Blue Mountain Lake, NY" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 13:04:41 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ADIBA95V,
author    =    "M. Adiba" ,
title    =    "{STORM:A Structural and Temporal Object-Oriented
Multimedia Database System}" ,
booktitle=    "International Workshop on Multi-Media Database
Management Systems (IW-MMDBMS)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Blue Mountain Lake, NY" ,
month    =    aug ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AGRAWAL93B,
author    =    "Rakesh Agrawal and Christos Faloutsos and Arun N.
Swami" ,
title    =    "{Efficient Similarity Search In Sequence
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of
Foundations of Data Organization and Algorithms (FODO)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    oct ,
pages    =    "69-84" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 730" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "D. Lomet" ,
address    =    "Chicago, Illinois" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AGRAWAL95AV,
author    =    "R. Agrawal and K.I. Lin and H.S. Sawhney and K.
Shim" ,
title    =    "{Fast Similarity Search in the Presence of Noise,
Scaling, and Translation in Time-Series Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 21st VLDB Conference" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "490--501" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AGRAWAL95V,
author    =    "R. Agrawal and G. Psaila and E.L. Wimmers and M.
Zait" ,
title    =    "{Querying Shapes of Histories}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 21st VLDB Conference" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "502--514" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( AH94,
key    =    "Rajeev Alur, Thomas A. Henzinger" ,
author    =    "Rajeev Alur and Thomas A. Henzinger" ,
title    =    "A Really Temporal Logic" ,
journal    =    "Journal of the ACM" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "41" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    jan ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "181-204" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHB95,
key    =    "Serge Abiteboul, Laurent Herr, Jan Van den Bussche" ,
author    =    "Serge Abiteboul and Laurent Herr and Jan Van den
Bussche" ,
title    =    "Temporal Connectives versus Explicit Timestamps in
Temporal Query Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "43-57" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHB96,
author    =    "Serge Abiteboul and Laurent Herr and Jan Van den
Bussche" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Versus First-Order Logic to Query
Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Canada" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@misc        ( AHMED87A,
key    =    "Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Ahmed, R." ,
year    =    "1987" ,
note    =    "personal communication" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 20 16:46:12 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@misc        ( AHMED92,
key    =    "Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "{Personal Communication}" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 17 00:20:25 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHN86A,
key    =    "Ahn" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "Towards an Implementation of Database Management
Systems with Temporal Support" ,
booktitle=    "Proceeding of the International Conference on Data
Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
volume    =    "IEEE Computer Society Order Number 655" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
pages    =    "374--381" ,
abstract=    "There are several issues to be investigated for
implementation of database management systems whith temporal support.
Examples are the types of databases in terms of temporal support,
handling of ever-growing storage size, use of optical disks,
representation of temporal versions into physical storage, and
efficient access methods for both temporal and non-temporal queries.
This paper discusses characteristics of tuple versioning vs. attribute
versioning, two distinct representation schemes for temporal versions.
It then presents various forms of two level storage structures
tailored for databases with temporal support" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 29 21:32:57 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHN86B,
key    =    "Ahn \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Performance Evaluation of a Temporal Database
Management System" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C." ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "96--107" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( AHN86C,
key    =    "Ahn" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "Performance Modeling and Access Methods for
Temporal Database Management Systems" ,
school    =    "unccsd" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Mar 30 17:15:19 1986" ,
owner    =    "ahn" ,
)

@article    ( AHN88B,
key    =    "Ahn \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Partitioned Storage for Temporal Databases" ,
volume    =    13 ,
number    =    4 ,
pages    =    "369--391" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
publisher=    "Pergamon Press" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 26 10:09:56 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@article    ( AHN89,
key    =    "Ahn \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Performance Analysis of Temporal Queries" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
volume    =    "49" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "103--146" ,
abstract=    "Temporal databases maintaining history data on
line extend conventional databases with capabilities for historical
queries and rollback operations. To analyze the performance of
temporal queries on databases using various access methods, we propose
a model that takes a temporal query and a database schema as input,
and outputs the estimated I/O cost for the query on that database. The
model consists of four transformations through a series of formal
expressions characterizing all phases of query processing. We validate
the model by comparing the I/O cost estimated from the model with the
actual cost measured from a prototype temporal DBMS. Since
conventional databases are a subset of temporal databases, the model
can also be used to analyze the performance of conventional databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan 11 10:37:14 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHN89A,
key    =    "Ahn et al." ,
author    =    "Ahn, T. and Jo, H. and Kim, J. and Lee, Y. and
Kim, B." ,
title    =    "Graphic Interface for Temporal Summary Data
(Extended Abstract)" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th Korea and Japan Joint
Conference on Statistics (invited paper)" ,
pages    =    "3--8" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:24:27 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHN90,
key    =    "Ahn et al." ,
author    =    "Ahn, T. and Jo, H. and Kim, J. and Lee, Y. and
Kim, B." ,
title    =    "Temporal Summary Table Management and Graphic
Interface" ,
booktitle=    "Fifth International Conference on Statistical and
Scientific Database Management" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "112--130" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:41:39 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AHN93,
key    =    "Ahn" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "SQL+T: a Temporal Query Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:36:20 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( AHN94A,
key    =    "Ahn" ,
author    =    "Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "System Tables for TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:55:24 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AITBRAHAM94V,
author    =    "A. Ait-Braham and C. Theodoulidis and G. Karvelis" ,
title    =    "{Conceptual Modelling and Manipulation of Temporal
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 13th International Conference
on the Entity Relationship Approach" ,
editor    =    "P. Loucopoulos" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 881" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Manchester, U.K." ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( ALBRIDGE88,
key    =    "Albridge et al." ,
author    =    "Albridge, K. and Standish, J. and Fries, J." ,
title    =    "Hierarchical Time-Oriented Approaches to Missing
Data Inference" ,
journal    =    "CBR" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "349--366" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:11:03 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ALEXAKIS92,
key    =    "Alexakis \& Theodoulidis" ,
author    =    "Alexakis, P. and Theodoulidis, B." ,
title    =    "The TEMPORA Deductive Repository Metamodelling and
Validation Support" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. Workshop on Next Generation CASE Tools" ,
organization=    "NGCT'92" ,
address    =    "Manchester, England" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 02:01:01 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ALLEN81,
key    =    "Allen" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F." ,
title    =    "An Interval-Based Representation of Temporal
Knowledge" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Vancouver" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "221--226" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar  6 09:41:46 1985" ,
)

@article    ( ALLEN83,
key    =    "Allen" ,
author    =    "Allen, J .F." ,
title    =    "Maintaining Knowledge about Temporal Intervals" ,
journal    =    "cacm" ,
volume    =    "26" ,
number    =    "11" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "832--843" ,
abstract=    "An interval-based temporal logic is introduced,
together with a computationally effective reasoning algorithm based on
constraint propogation. This system is notable in offering a delicate
balance between expressive power and the efficiency of its deductive
engine. A notion of reference intervals is introduced which captures
the temporal hierarchy implicit in many domains, and which can be used
to precisely control the amount of deduction performed automatically
by the system. Examples are provided for a database containing
historical data, a database used for modeling processes and process
interaction, and a database for an interactive system where the
present moment is continually being updated." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec  8 15:44:50 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ALLEN83B,
key    =    "Allen \& Koomen" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F. and Koomen, J. A." ,
title    =    "Planning Using a Temporal World Model" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, West Germany" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "741--747" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 10 14:30:28 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( ALLEN84,
key    =    "Allen" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F." ,
title    =    "Towards a General Theory of Action and Time" ,
journal    =    "ai" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "123--154" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 25 11:25:11 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( ALLEN84A,
key    =    "Allen \& Kautz" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F. and Kautz, H. A." ,
title    =    "A Model of Naive Temporal Reasoning" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Rochester" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "15--24" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  7 16:40:19 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( ALLEN85A,
key    =    "Allen \& Hayes" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F. and Hayes, P. J." ,
title    =    "A Common-Sense Theory of Time: The Longer Paper" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Rochester" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 14:49:34 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ALLEN85B,
key    =    "Allen \& Hayes" ,
author    =    "Allen, J. F. and Hayes, P. J." ,
title    =    "A Common-Sense Theory of Time" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "528--531" ,
abstract=    "The literature on the nature and representation of
time is full of disputes and contradictory theories. This is
surprising since the nature of time does not cause any worry for
people in their everyday coping with the world. What this suggest is
that there is some form of common sense knowledge about time that is
rich enough to enable people to deal with the world, and which is
universal enough to enable cooperation and communication between
people. In this paper, we propose such a theory and defend it in two
different ways. We axiomatize a theory of time in terms of intervals
and the single relation MEET. We then show that this aximatization
subsumes Allen's interval-based theory. We then extend the theory by
formally defining the beginnings and endings of intervals and show
that these have the properties we normally would associate with
points. We distinguish between these point-like objects and the
concept of moment as hypothesized in discrete time models. Finally, we
examine the theory in terms of each of several different models." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 14:52:00 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( ALLEN91,
key    =    "Allen" ,
author    =    "Allen, J." ,
title    =    "Time and Time Again: the Many Ways to Represent
Time" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Intelligent Systems" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "November" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "341--355" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:27:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ALTER91,
key    =    "Alter \& Gutmann" ,
author    =    "Alter, G. and Gutmann, M." ,
title    =    "Casting Spells: Database Concepts for Event
History Analysis" ,
type    =    "Working Paper No. 92-1" ,
institution=    "Population Institute for Research and Training,
Indiana University" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "December" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:07:56 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( ANDERSON81,
key    =    "Anderson" ,
author    =    "Anderson, T. L." ,
title    =    "The Database Semantics of Time" ,
school    =    "University of Washington" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 21:57:20 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ANDERSON82,
key    =    "Anderson" ,
author    =    "Anderson, T. L." ,
title    =    "Modeling Time at the Conceptual Level" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Databases: Improving Usability and Responsiveness" ,
publisher=    "Academic Press" ,
address    =    "Jerusalem, Israel" ,
editor    =    "Scheuermann, P." ,
year    =    "1982" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "273--297" ,
abstract=    "Time is a universal attribute of information. This
paper presents a model of time suitable for inclusion in the general
knowledge component of the conceptual level (CL) in a database
management system. As such, it represents a new CL modeling exercise.
This model of time is called the time generic. The time generic does
not include a description of any particular time system, such as the
frequently used Gregorian calendar, but rather attempts a definition
of those features that are common to a wide variety of time systems.
The paper also gives an example description of a particular time
system, geologic time, using the time generic." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 21:56:35 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ANDERSON83,
key    =    "Anderson" ,
author    =    "Anderson, T. L." ,
title    =    "Modeling Events and Processes at the Conceptual
Level" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second International Conference
on Databases" ,
organization=    "The British Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "Wiley Heyden Ltd." ,
address    =    "Cambridge, Great Britain" ,
editor    =    "Deen, S.M. and Hammersley, P." ,
year    =    "1983" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents a modeling exercise that
defines some of the time-dependent integrity issues involved in
describing and maintaining information about events and processes in a
database. The model developed is called the event generic. The event
generic incorporates an explicit model of time. It is also extensible
in that new types of constraints and constructs are easily added.
Finally, several new classes of time-dependent integrity constraints
are defined." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 17:37:45 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ANDROUTSOPOLOUS95,
key    =    "Androutsopolous et al." ,
author    =    "Androutsopolous, I. and Ritchie, G. D. and
Thanisch, P." ,
title    =    "Experience Using TSQL2 in a Natural Language
Interface" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "113--132" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:36:39 1995" ,
abstract=    "Attempting to use TSQL2 in a natural language
interface for temporal databases has focused our attention on certain
points in the semantics of TSQL2 where we believe that clarifications
or modifications are needed. It has also led us to some extensions to
TsQL2 that seem generally useful regardless of natural language
issues." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( ANG94,
key    =    "Ang \& Tan" ,
author    =    "Ang, C. and Tan, K." ,
title    =    "The Interval B-Tree" ,
journal    =    "Information Processing Letters" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier Science" ,
volume    =    "53" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "85--89" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 16:16:46 1996" ,
abstract=    "The time index [4] is an index structure built to
speed up the access of data with valid times satisfying some given
conditions. Unfortunately its space complexity is O(n2) where n is the
number of time intervals being stored. As a result, high disk I/0
overhead is experienced in various operations such as the insertion
and deletion of a time interval (O(n) ) and the interval intersection
operation (O(n2)). A new index structure is proposed using a B+-tree
as the underlying structure. Its space complexity is reduced from
O(n2) to O(n). The time complexity of insertion and deletion of an
interval is reduced from O(n) to O(log n), and that of interval
intersection is reduced from O(n2) to O(log n + F) where F is the time
used to report intersections." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( APERS85,
key    =    "Apers \& Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Apers, P. M. G. and Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "Transaction Handling in a Loosely Coupled
Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Proceeding of COMPUTING '85" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland" ,
address    =    "Florence, Italy" ,
editor    =    "Bucci, G. and Valle, G." ,
year    =    "1985" ,
abstract=    "For different reasons federated or distributed
databases may not be connected all the time. We will investigate the
functioning of databases that run on a loosely coupled computer
network. A classification of transactions is given to allow an
implementation of different levels of operatability. Some transactions
can be guaranteed to commit in spite of a network partition, while
others have to wait until the state of potential transactions in the
other partitions is also known. An algorithm is given to compute a
classification. Based on histories of transactions kept in the
different partitions a merge of histories is computed, generating the
new values for some data items when communication is re-established.
The algorithm to compute the merge of the histories makes use of a
knowledge base containing knowledge about the transactions, to decide
whether to merge, delete, or delay a transaction." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:19:58 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@incollection    ( ARAP95A,
author    =    "Constantin Arapis" ,
editor    =    "O. Nierstrasz and D. Tsichritzis" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Perspective of Composite Objects" ,
booktitle=    "Object-Oriented Software Composition" ,
pages    =    "123-152" ,
publisher=    "Prentice Hall" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
abstract=    "$\backslash$n$\backslash$nFor the development of
object-oriented applications, the description of temporal aspects of
object behaviour often turns out to be an important issue. We present
a collection of notions and concepts intended for the description of
the temporal order in which messages are sent to and received from an
object. We also propose notions for the description of the temporal
order of messages exchanged between cooperating objects related with
part-of relationships. Using propositional temporal logic as the
underlying formalism of our approach, we show how to verify the
consistency of object specifications." ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARAPIS93V,
author    =    "C. Arapis" ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Logic Based Approach for the
Description of Object Behavior Revolution}" ,
booktitle=    "Mathematical Fundamentals of Database and
Knowledge Systems" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
editor    =    "B. Thalheim and others" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
organization=    "Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV81,
key    =    "Ariav \& Morgan" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Morgan, H. L." ,
title    =    "MDM: Handling the time dimension in generalized
DBMS" ,
type    =    "Working Paper" ,
institution=    "The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
month    =    "may" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  6 22:50:49 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV82,
key    =    "Ariav \& Morgan" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Morgan, H. L." ,
title    =    "MDM: Embedding the Time Dimension in Information
Systems" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
number    =    "82-03-01" ,
institution=    "Department of Decision Sciences, The Wharton
School, University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
abstract=    "The sense of time is implicit in almost all human
activity, yet it is rarely reflected in the ways Computer Based
Information Systems view these activities. The research reviewed here
focuses on the preservation of the dynamics in the source data and
attempts to indentify a feasible, useful design of software that
stores, retrieves and presents data in a way that does not factor out
the inherent temporal context of that data. A system has been designed
and implemented, comprising two integrated components: a database
which supports that maintenance of both 'complete histories' and
multiple, time variant data definitions, and a user interface which
supports conversational, dynamic pictorial interaction with that --
symbolic, non-graphical -- database." ,
annote    =    "This article motivates the incorporation of time
in computer based information systems. It mentions four
simplifications that are often made: time is linear and undimensional;
time is absolute and objective; time in nonhierarchial; and time is
explicit. The DATA system is surveyed." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 28 22:19:54 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV82B,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Handling The Time Dimension in ISs - A Research
Agenda" ,
number    =    "81-12-02" ,
institution=    "University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
month    =    "February" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu May 16 13:49:51 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARIAV83,
key    =    "Ariav et al." ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Clifford, J. and Jarke, M." ,
title    =    "Panel on Time and Databases" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
editor    =    "DeWitt, D. J. and Gardarin, G." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "243--245" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 28 22:18:22 1983" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( ARIAV84,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Preserving the Time Dimension in Information
Systems" ,
school    =    "The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun May 19 21:09:52 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV84B,
key    =    "Ariav et al." ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Beller, A. and Morgan, H. L." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Data Model" ,
number    =    "DS-WP 82-12-05" ,
institution=    "Decision Sciences Department, University of
Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 19:56:12 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARIAV84C,
key    =    "Ariav \& Clifford" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "A System Architecture for Temporally Oriented Data
Management" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference
on Information Systems" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "177--186" ,
abstract=    "Attention to the temporal aspects of data
management has intensified in recent years, focusing on data models
and related systems that are sensitive to the ubiquitous temporal
aspects of data. Both the growing need for easier access to historical
data, as well as the imminent availability of mass storage devices,
are making this a promising branch of database research, both
practically and theoretically. In this paper we summarize the main
results of recent research on temporally sensitive data models,
discuss the lessons learned in their development, and assess the
prospects and difficulties involved in incorporating a temporal
dimension into database management systems (TODBs). In particular,
three system levels are identified: the external, user view of the
database; an intermediate view closer to the structure of an existing
data model; and an internal or implementation view defined in terms of
low level data structures. This general architecture coherently
incorporates a variety of related results and development experiences,
and serves as the framework for theoretical and implementation
research into such systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 12:40:43 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV85,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "A Temporally Oriented Data Model" ,
institution=    "New York University" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
abstract=    "The research into time and data models has so far
focused on the identifications of extensions to the classical
relational model that would provide it with ``adequate'' semantic
capacity to deal with time. The Temporally Oriented Data Model (TODM)
presented in this paper is a result of a different approach, namely it
directly operationalizes the pervasive three dimensional metaphor for
time. One of the main results is thus the development of the notion of
the data cube: a three dimensional and inherently temporal data
construct where time, objects and attributes are the primary
dimensions of stored data. TODM's cube adds historical depth to the
tabular notions of data and provides a framework for storing and
retrieving data within their temporal context. The basic operations in
the model allow the formation of new cubic views from existing ones,
or viewing data as one moves up and down in time within cubes. This
paper introduces TODM, a consistent set of temporally oriented data
constructs, operations and constraints, and then presents TOSQL, a
corresponding end-user's SQL-like query syntax. The model is a
restricted but consistent superset of the relational model, and the
query syntax incorporates temporal notions in a manner that likewise
avoids penalizing users who are interested solely in the current view
of data (rather than in a temporal perspective). The naturalness of
the spatial reference to time and the added semantic capacity of TODM
come with a price--the definitions of the cubic constructs and basic
operations are relatively cumbersome. As rudimentary as it is, TODM
nonetheless provides a comprehensive basis for formulating an external
data model for a temporally oriented database." ,
annote    =    "submitted to TODS" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 14 11:30:55 1985" ,
)

@article    ( ARIAV86A,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "A Temporally Oriented Data Model" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "499--527" ,
abstract=    "The research into time and data models has so far
focused on the identifications of extensions to the classical
relational model that would provide it with ``adequate'' semantic
capacity to deal with time. The Temporally Oriented Data Model (TODM)
presented in this paper is a result of a different approach, namely it
directly operationalizes the pervasive three dimensional metaphor for
time. One of the main results is thus the development of the notion of
the data cube: a three dimensional and inherently temporal data
construct where time, objects and attributes are the primary
dimensions of stored data. TODM's cube adds historical depth to the
tabular notions of data and provides a framework for storing and
retrieving data within their temporal context. The basic operations in
the model allow the formation of new cubic views from existing ones,
or viewing data as one moves up and down in time within cubes. This
paper introduces TODM, a consistent set of temporally oriented data
constructs, and then present TOSQL, a corresponding end-user's
SQL-like query syntax. The model is a restricted but consistent
superset of the relational model, and the query syntax incorporates
temporal notions in a manner that likewise avoids penalizing users who
are interested solely in the current view of data (rather than in a
temporal prespective). The naturalness of the spatial reference to
time and the added semantic capacity of TODM nonetheless provides a
comprehensive basis for furmulating an external data model for a
temporally oriented database." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 12:37:29 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARIAV86B,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Design Requirements for Temporally Oriented
Information Systems" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
institution=    "Information Systems Area, Graduate School of
Business Administration, New York University" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
abstract=    "The study of temporal aspects of information
systems has failed to examine the applications which these systems are
supposed to serve and support. Nevertheless, understanding these
applications is the most significant basis for determining the
usefulness of temporally oriented (or historical) data models and
corresponding data management systems. This paper presents the results
of a systematic survey of the temporal concerns that surround
information systems. The survey addressed the entire set of conceptual
attributes of information systems identified by team theory, namely,
the structures of observation, communication, memory and delay. In
particular, common threads were revealed with respect to the concept
of event, intrinsic time stamping, multiple temporal perspectives,
access to present and past data, and the accumulative nature of
temporally oriented information systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 21:37:04 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inbook        ( ARIAV86C,
key    =    "Ariav \& Clifford" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G. and Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management: Models and Systems" ,
booktitle=    "New Directions for Database Systems" ,
publisher=    "Ablex Publishing Corporation" ,
address    =    "Norwood, New Jersey" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
chapter    =    "12" ,
pages    =    "168--185" ,
keywords=    "historical databases" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 20 13:38:20 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARIAV87,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Design Requirements for Temporally Oriented
Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "9--23" ,
keywords=    "Information systems; models and principles;
temporal requirements; user/machine systems; applications; database
management (logical design)" ,
abstract=    "The usefulness of temporally oriented data models
and corresponding data management systems should be determined with
respect to the applications which these systems are supposed to
support and serve. A systematic examination of the temporal concerns
that surround information systems has highlighted in particular common
threads with respect to the concept of event, intrinsic time stamping,
multiple temporal perspectives, access to past and present data, and
the accumulative nature of temporally oriented information systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:00:23 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( ARIAV91,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Temporally Oriented Data Definitions: Managing
Schema Evolution in Temporally Oriented Databases" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "6" ,
month    =    "October" ,
pages    =    "451-467" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
abstract=    "A simplifying --- yet unrealistic --- assumption
widely held throughout the research of temporally oriented data models
(TODM) is that the associated schema never changes. The implications
of allowing data structures to evolve over time within a TODM and
related databases are examined in this paper, and key issues and
concepts are identified. Specifically, temporally oriented data
definition (TODD) raises questions with respect to (1) the evolution
of meanings in databases, (2) the nature of the temporal prevalence of
database schema, and (3) the general principles that may guide the
implementation of a TODM database with TODD." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( ARIAV92,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Information Systems for Managerial Planning and
Control: A Conceptual Examination of their Temporal Structure" ,
journal    =    "Journal of MIS" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
number    =    "(forthcoming)" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
abstract=    "The managerial functions of planning and control
are information intensive ``memory processes,'' and are inherently
temporal. As such they are a major application domain for temporally
oriented information systems (TOIS), which are distinguished by their
explicit handling of time and memory. Although TOIS have been studied
vigorously in recent years, there has been no attempt to relate them
to the temporal concerns pertinent to these managerial processes. This
paper systematically examines the structure o, and access to memory in
planning and control activities, in an attempt to identify major
related design requirements. The examination proceeds as follows:
First, a conceptual framework of planning and control is developed.
This framework facilitates the examination of memory aspects of these
processes, specifically the extent and nature of memory implied by the
underlying models and the actual control schemes. The three themes
which emerge from this examination are (1) the fundamental necessity
of temporally independent access to data in planning and control
applications, (2) the inherent multiplicity of time perspectives upon
which the notions of planning and control rest, and (3) the need to
develop temporally oriented model management. These themes identify
basic temporal functionalities that TOIS need to address. Current
research on temporally oriented information systems, as assessed
against these criteria, has not come up yet with adequate answers." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARIAV93,
key    =    "Ariav" ,
author    =    "Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Tools for Managing Temporally Oriented Data: Are
they really Practicallly Relevant?" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "June" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:30:06 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ARLEIN95,
author    =    "R. Arlein and J. Gava and N. Gehani and D. Lieuwen" ,
title    =    "{Ode 4.0 User Manual}" ,
year    =    1995 ,
institution=    "AT&T Bell Laboratories" ,
note    =    "Distributed via ftp" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( ARRUDA92,
key    =    "Arruda, E. de" ,
author    =    "Arruda, E. de" ,
title    =    "Modelagem Temporal em Sistemas de Gerenciamento de
Bancos de Dados Orientados a Objetos" ,
publisher=    "UFGRS" ,
address    =    "Porte Alegre" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
annote    =    "(Trabalho de Diploma\c{c}\~{a}o)" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:50:22 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARRUDA94,
author    =    "Arruda, E. and Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{Implementacao de um modelo orientado a objetos
com papeis}" ,
booktitle=    "PANEL 94 - XX Conferencia Latinoamericana de
Informatica" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
address    =    "Cidade do Mexico, Mexico" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "Sept. 19-23," ,
pages    =    "977-988" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
abstract=    "Information Systems applications require a great
number of analysis and design models characteristics. The
object-oriented model, through the concepts of objects, classes
hierarchy, and properties and behavior inheritance, can be a solution
for these requirements. The object-oriented model with roles
introduces many features to the first model, which permits the
representation of the dynamic variation aspects of properties and
behaviors, and temporal information. This work presents an
implementation of an object- oriented model with roles using
traditional object-oriented concepts." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ART95,
key    =    "I. Androutsopoulos, G. D. Ritchie, Peter Thanisch" ,
author    =    "I. Androutsopoulos and G. D. Ritchie and Peter
Thanisch" ,
title    =    "Experience Using TSQL2 in a Natural Language
Interface" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "133-152" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( ART95B,
author    =    "I. Androutsopoulos and G. D. Ritchie and Peter
Thanisch" ,
title    =    "{A Framework for Natural Language Interfaces to
Temporal Databases}" ,
institution=    "University of Edinburgh" ,
address    =    "Scotland, U.K." ,
year    =    "1995" ,
number    =    "RP-734" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ARTALE94,
key    =    "Artale et al." ,
author    =    "Artale, A. and Bettini, C. and Franconi, E." ,
title    =    "Homogeneous Concepts in a Temporal Description
Logic" ,
booktitle=    "International Workshop on Description Logics" ,
address    =    "Bonn, Germany" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:17:22 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( AT94,
author    =    "C.H. Ang and K.P. Tan" ,
title    =    "The Interval B-Tree: a New Time Indexing Technique" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th Australasian Conference" ,
address    =    "Christchurch, New Zealand" ,
pages    =    "162-178" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( AT95,
title    =    "The Interval B-Tree" ,
author    =    "C.H. Ang and K.P. Tan" ,
journal    =    "Information Processing Letters" ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    "53" ,
pages    =    "85-89" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( AVENI89,
key    =    "Aveni" ,
author    =    "Aveni, A. F." ,
title    =    "Empires of Time: Calendars, Clocks, and Cultures" ,
publisher=    "Basic Books, Inc." ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BACILHON85,
key    =    "Bacilhon et al." ,
author    =    "Bacilhon, F. and Kim, W. and Korth, H." ,
title    =    "A Model of CAD Transactions" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 29 08:15:02 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( BAEKGAARD91,
key    =    "B{\ae}kgaard \& Mark" ,
author    =    "B{\ae}kgaard, L. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Specification and Monitoring of Transaction
Dependencies" ,
number    =    "UMIACS-TR-91-74" ,
institution=    "Institute for Advanced Computer Studies and
Department for Computer Science, University of Maryland" ,
address    =    "College Park" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
keywords=    "Transaction Dependencies; Transaction Sequences;
Database Evolution; Tuple Life Cycles" ,
abstract=    "The subject of this paper is specification and
monitoring of transaction dependencies as a means of controlling
database evolution. We suggest regular expressions where the alphabet
is a set of transaction names as the basic notion for specification of
transaction dependencies. In order to be admissible a transaction
sequence must be a prefix of a sentence in a specified regular
language. We propose that transaction pre-conditions are specified in
terms of queries on transaction histories and that no transaction can
be executed unless all its pre-conditions are true. In our approach
transaction histories are automatically maintained by the database
system and they are used to monitor transaction dependencies. we
describe the necessary data structures and algorithms." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 22 14:31:05 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@techreport    ( BAEKGAARD92,
key    =    "B{\ae}kgaard \& Mark" ,
author    =    "B{\ae}kgaard, L. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Incremental Evaluation of Time-Varying Queries
Using Predicate Caches" ,
number    =    "UMIAC-TR-92-64/CS-TR-2912" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
keywords=    "Time-varying Queries; Super Views; Super Caches;
Incremental Evaluation; Efficiency; Predicate Caches; View Pointer
Caches; Relational Queries" ,
abstract=    "Conventional techniques for the incremental
evaluation of selections (and joins) assume that the selection
predicate is a function of the candidate tuple to be selected. This
ensures that the only way a view can be outdated is through
intermediate database changes. In this paper we study the incremental
evaluation of a class of queries where this assumption does not hold.
This is due to the fact that selection predicates can refer to the
function 'now' that returns the time of its application. In such
cases, a view can be outdated even if no intermediate changes are made
to the database. In order to handle this, the notions of super views,
insertion predicates and deletion predicates are introduced. For a
given time-varying query the corresponding super view contains the
least subset of the underlying database that eventually will be
extracted by the query. The insertion and deletion predicates define
when tuples are inserted into and deleted from the super view,
respectively. Based on this, incremental algorithms are presented and
their efficiency analyzed." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  1 00:44:26 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@techreport    ( BAEKGAARD92A,
key    =    "B{\ae}kgaard \& Mark" ,
author    =    "B{\ae}kgaard, L. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Incremental Evaluation of Time-Varying Selections" ,
number    =    "UMIACS-TR-92-65/CS-TR-2913" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "17" ,
keywords=    "Time-varying Selections; Super-Views;
Super-Caches; Incremental Evaluation; Efficiency; Predicate Caches;
View Pointer Caches" ,
abstract=    "Conventional techniques for the incremental
evaluation of selections assume that the selection predicate is a
function of the candidate tuple to be selected. This ensures that the
only way a view can be outdated is through intermediate database
changes. In this paper we study the incremental evaluation of a class
of selections where this assumption does not hold. This is due to the
fact that selection predicates can refer to the function 'now' that
returns the time of its application. In such cases, a view can be
outdated even if no intermediate changes are made to the database. In
order to handle this, the notions of predicate caches, super views,
insertion predicates and deletion predicates are introduced. For a
given time-varying selection the corresponding super view contains the
least subset of the underlying database that eventually will be
extracted by the query. The insertion and deletion predicates define
when tuples are inserted into and deleted from the super view,
respectively. Based on this, an incremental algorithm is presented and
its efficiency analyzed." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  1 00:58:04 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@article    ( BAEKGAARD95,
key    =    "Baekgaard \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Baekgaard, L. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Incremental Computation of Time-Varying Query
Expressions" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "583--590" ,
abstract=    "We present and analyze algorithms for the
incremental computation of time-varying queries in which selection
predicates refer to the state of a clock Such queries occur naturally
in many situations where temporal data are processed. Incremental
techniques for query computation have proven to be more efficient than
other techniques in many situations. However, all existing incremental
techniques for query computation assume that old query results remain
valid if no intermediate changes are made to the underlying database.
Unfortunately, this assumption does not hold for time-varying queries
whose results may change just because time passes. In order to solve
this problem, we introduce the notion of a superview which contains
all current tuples that will eventually satisfy the selection
predicate of a time-varying selection. Based on the notion of
superview, we develop efficient algorithms for the incremental
computation of time-varying selections. Our algorithms, combined with
existing incremental algorithms, allow complex time-varying queries to
benefit from the proven efficiency of incremental techniques. It is
important to notice that without our algorithms, the existing
algorithms for incremental computation would be useless for any
time-varying query expression. Index Terms: Time-varying queries,
incremental query computation, predicate caches, superviews, temporal
databases, temporal data." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  8 13:45:15 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BALTHAZAAR91,
key    =    "Balthazaar et al." ,
author    =    "Balthazaar, C. and Gray A. and Lawson, T." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Temporal Model Embodied as
Eiffel Software Components" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. Conf. Technology of Object-Oriented
Languages and Systems (TOOLS)" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "249--257" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:31:19 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BANERJEE86A,
key    =    "Banerjee et al." ,
author    =    "Banerjee, J. and Chou, H.~T. and Kim, H.~J. and
Korth, H.~J." ,
title    =    "Schema Evolution in Object Oriented Persistent
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "The 6th Advanced Database Symposium" ,
address    =    "Tokyo" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "23--31" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar 29 15:27:53 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BARBIC85,
key    =    "Barbic \& Pernici" ,
author    =    "Barbic, F. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Time Modeling in Office Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Navathe, S." ,
address    =    "Austin, TX" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "51--62" ,
abstract=    "Time management is a feature essential to office
information systems. In the OIS environment, in addition to a static
definition of time attributes attached to data, a more complete
definition is needed, to handle both static and transition times and
representation of temporal relationships. The TSOS model, an extension
of the SOS model for office description, contains a time model
suitable for both of these requirements. In addition, the TSOS time
model allows the representation of calendar times at different levels
of abstraction and contains a precise definition of temporal and
logical functions on time. Another main goal of the TSOS time model is
to allow a flexible representation of temporal conditions for
triggering and control rules in the office environment, so that an
intelligent rule invocation is possible." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 11 11:34:27 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BARBIC87,
key    =    "Barbic \& Maiocchi" ,
author    =    "Barbic, F. and Maiocchi, R." ,
title    =    "Planning in Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "147--165" ,
keywords=    "Office information systems; time; planning;
integer linear programming; consistency checking" ,
abstract=    "Providing support to plan generation in the office
environment is worthwhile. Two related aspects must be considered: the
modelization of office procedures and the specification of temporal
constraints to coordinate activities within a procedure. In this
paper, we propose a strategy for planning in time. An architecture to
support plan specification and optimization is proposed. The TSOS
model is used to specify temporal constraints and the problems related
to the verification of their consistency are outlined. A consistent
set of temporal specifications is then formalized with an Integer
Linear Programming model to enable the resource allocation
optimization. The modeling approach is general, and can also be
applied to application areas other than Office Information Systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 11:19:29 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( BARBIC87A,
key    =    "Barbic" ,
author    =    "Barbic, F." ,
title    =    "Implementation of the TSOS Time Reasoner
Architecture Using Predicate Logic" ,
institution=    "Dipartimento di Elettronica - Politecnico di
Milano" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:26:18 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( BARBIC87C,
key    =    "Barbic et al." ,
author    =    "Barbic, F. and Maiocchi, R. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Automatic Deduction of Temporal Information" ,
number    =    "87-048" ,
institution=    "Politecnico di Milano" ,
address    =    "Milan, Italy" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 26 13:36:05 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( BARNERT95,
key    =    "Barnert et al." ,
author    =    "Barnert, R. and Knolmayer, G. F. and Myrach, T." ,
title    =    "Rules for Ensuring Referential Integrity in a
Time-Extended Relational Model" ,
type    =    "Working Paper" ,
number    =    "59" ,
institution=    "Institut fur Wirtschaftsinformatik der Universitat
Bern" ,
address    =    "Bern, Switzerland" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
pages    =    "21" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 15 13:41:00 1995" ,
abstract=    "In this paper it is shown that the extension of
the relational data model to capture temporal phenomena has a
far-reaching impact on the integrity rules associated with this model.
Entity integrity and referential integrity are adapted to the
time-extended relational model and their semantics compared to the
respective integrity rules in conventional snapshot-relations. The
ensurance of temporal referential integrity is described in detail
within the framework of the ECA-formalism. We give a definition of the
referential integrity predicate in the time-extended relational model,
identify the relevant operations which may affect temporal referential
integrity, and describe the different reactions which may follow its
violation. Finally, the relevance of the different reaction rules
proposed is discussed." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( BASSIOUNI87,
key    =    "Bassiouni" ,
author    =    "Bassiouni, M." ,
title    =    "Set-valued Boolean and Comparison Temporal
Operators" ,
institution=    "University of Central Florida" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:29:13 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BASSIOUNI88,
key    =    "Bassiouni \& Llewellyn" ,
author    =    "Bassiouni, M. A. and Llewellyn, M." ,
title    =    "Handling Time in Query Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Statistical and Scientific Database
Management Conference" ,
address    =    "Rome" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 18 16:27:31 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@article    ( BASSIOUNI92,
key    =    "Bassiouni \& Llewellyn" ,
author    =    "Bassiouni, M. A. and Llewellyn, M. J." ,
title    =    "A Relational-Calculus Query Language For
Historical Databases" ,
journal    =    "Computer Languages" ,
publisher=    "Pergamon Press" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "185--197" ,
keywords=    "Historical Databases; Query Languages; Boolean
Operators; Temporal Logic; Relational-calculus; Relational User
Interfaces" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, an approach to handle time in
relational query languages is outlined. The approach is based on
extending Boolean and comparison operators by allowing their operands
to be sets of intervals. The preposed temporal logic is shown to
satisfy the properties of the normal Boolean logic. A
relational-calculus query language using the extended logic is
developed. The extended logic presented in this paper provides a good
degree of flexibility in expressing different temporal requirements
and therefore promises to be a successful approach for designing
temporal query languages." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Oct 10 19:25:08 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( BASSIOUNI94,
author    =    "M.A. Bassiouni and A. Mukherjee and M.J. Llewellyn" ,
title    =    "{Design and Implementation of Extended Boolean and
Comparison Operators for Time-oriented Query Languages}" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "37" ,
number    =    "7" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "576-587" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( BAUDINET88,
key    =    "Baudinet" ,
author    =    "Baudinet, M." ,
title    =    "On the Semantics of Temporal Logic Programming
(Preliminary Report)" ,
number    =    "TR-CS-88-1203" ,
institution=    "Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
month    =    "may" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:12:46 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( BAUDINET88B,
key    =    "Baudinet" ,
author    =    "Baudinet, M." ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic Programming is Complete and
Expressive" ,
number    =    "STAN-CS-88-1232" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Computer Science, Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:31:49 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BAUDINET91,
key    =    "Baudinet et al." ,
author    =    "Baudinet, M. and Ni\'{e}zette, M. and Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "On the Representation of Infinite Temporal Data
and Queries (Extended Abstract)" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Denver, CO" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "280--290" ,
abstract=    "none given" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inbook        ( BAUDINET93,
key    =    "Baudinet et al." ,
author    =    "Baudinet, M. and Chomicki, J. and Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "Temporal Deductive Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "13" ,
pages    =    "294--320" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:17:42 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BAUDINET93B,
key    =    "Baudinet et al." ,
author    =    "Baudinet, M. and Chomicki, J. and Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases: Beyond Finite Extensions" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:37:40 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( BAUDINET95,
title    =    "On the Expressiveness of Temporal Logic
Programming" ,
author    =    "Marianne Baudinet" ,
pages    =    "157--180" ,
journal    =    "Information and Computation" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    117 ,
number    =    2 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BBCGROH93,
key    =    "V. Botti, F. Barber, A. Crespo, D. Gallardo, I.
Ripoll, E. Onaindia, L. Hernandez" ,
author    =    "V. Botti and F. Barber and A. Crespo and D.
Gallardo and I. Ripoll and E. Onaindia and L. Hernandez" ,
title    =    "Sharing Temporal Knowledge by Multiple Agents" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
pages    =    "470-473" ,
editor    =    "V.Marik and J. Lazansky and R.R. Wagner" ,
month    =    sep ,
address    =    "Prague, Czech Republic" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 720" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( BBCOGRGH95,
key    =    "V. Botti, F. Barber, A. Crespo, E. Onaindia, A.
Garcia-Fornes, I. Ripoll, D. Gallardo, L. Hernandez" ,
author    =    "V. Botti and F. Barber and A. Crespo and E.
Onaindia and A. Garcia-Fornes and I. Ripoll and D. Gallardo and L.
Hernandez" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Blackboard for a Multi-Agent
Environment" ,
journal    =    "Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier/North Holland/Pergamon" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "189-21" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BCPP95,
key    =    "Vittorio Brusoni, Luca Console, Paolo Terenziani,
Barbara Pernici" ,
author    =    "Vittorio Brusoni and Luca Console and Paolo
Terenziani and Barbara Pernici" ,
title    =    "Extending Temporal Relational Databases to Deal
with Imprecise and Qualitative Temporal Information" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
pages    =    "3-22" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BCST96,
key    =    "Michael H. Bohlen, Jan Chomicki, Richard T.
Snodgrass, David Toman" ,
author    =    (Michael H. B{\"o}hlen and Jan Chomicki and Richard
T. Snodgrass and David Toman) ,
title    =    "Querying TSQL2 Databases with Temporal Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BCT95,
key    =    "V. Brusoni, L. Console, P. Terenziani" ,
author    =    "V. Brusoni and L. Console and P. Terenziani" ,
title    =    "Efficient Query Answering in LaTeR" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BCTP94,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, P. and Terenziani, P. and
Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "{Answering Queries Efficiently in Heterogeneous
Temporal Knowledge Bases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BEAMAN79,
key    =    "Beaman et al." ,
author    =    "Beaman, P. and Justice, N. and Blank, M. and
Villee, C. and Barnett, G." ,
title    =    "A High-Level Mumps Query Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1979 MUMPS Users' Group Meeting" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
pages    =    "9--23" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:19:18 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BECKER93,
key    =    "Becker et al." ,
author    =    "Becker, B. and Gschwind, S. and Ohler, T. and
Seeger, B. and Widmayer, P." ,
title    =    "On Optimal Multiversion Access Structures" ,
booktitle=    "1993 Symposium on Spatial Databases, Singaphore" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "We propose an asymptotically optimal multiversion
B-tree. In our setting, insertions and selections of data items are
allowed only for the present version, whereas range queries and exact
match queries are allowed for any version, preset or past. The
technique we present for transforming a (usual single version) B-tree
into a multiversion B-tree is a more general: it applies to a number
of spatial and non-spatial hierarchical external access structures
with certain properties directly, and it can be modified with others.
For the B-tree and several other hierarchical external access
structures, multiversion capabilities come at no extra cot, neither
for storage space nor for runtime, asymptotically in the worst case.
The analysis of the behavior of the multiversion B-tree shows that the
constant loss of efficiency is low enough to make our suggestion not
only a theoretical, but also a practical one." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 19 22:59:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BECKER95,
key    =    "Stephan Becker" ,
author    =    "Stephan Becker" ,
title    =    "Hybrid Temporal and Non-Temporal Knowledge for
Scheduling" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BECKER95V,
author    =    "P. Becker" ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Logic Based Approach for Querying
Lists, Trees, and DAGs in Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Norman Revell and A. Min Tjoa" ,
pages    =    "293--302" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
month    =    sep ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 978" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BEECH88B,
key    =    "Beech \& Mahbod" ,
author    =    "Beech, D. and Mahbod, B." ,
title    =    "Generalized Version Control in an Object-Oriented
Database" ,
booktitle=    "Generalized Version Control in an Object-Oriented
Database" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
pages    =    "14--22" ,
abstract=    "An improtant function of an engineering database
management system is to support incremental and cooperative design in
an orderly way. This calls for a version control mechanism of some
generality if it is to be appropriate to the design of complex
objects. We begin by considering the nature of design objects, and
developing some functional requirements for version control of such
objects, before outlining the basic object-oriented database model
which we take as the foundation for our proposal. We then discuss the
relationship between versions and the objects they exemplify, describe
the mechanisms for the creation of versioned objects and the
conversion of non-versioned objects to versioned form, study the
impact on referencing and type checking in the object model, and
arrive at a flexible notion of a context containing rules for version
selection. We also describe our implementation of some of these
concepts." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 15 15:51:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@book        ( BELL63,
key    =    "Bell \& Bell" ,
author    =    "Bell, T. and Bell, C." ,
title    =    "The Riddle of Time" ,
publisher=    "The Viking Press" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1963" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( BELL85,
key    =    "Bell \& Tate" ,
author    =    "Bell, C.~E. and Tate, A." ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Constraints to Restrict Search in a
Planner" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "AIAI-TR-5" ,
institution=    "Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute,
University of Edinburgh" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 14:11:03 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BEN-ARI81,
key    =    "Ben-Ari" ,
author    =    "Ben-Ari and Manna, Z. and Pnueli, A." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Logic of Branching Time" ,
booktitle=    " Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Principles
of Programming Languages" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "164--176" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( BENZVI82,
key    =    "Ben-Zvi" ,
author    =    "Ben-Zvi, J." ,
title    =    "The Time Relational Model" ,
school    =    "Computer Science Department, UCLA" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
abstract=    "Existing data base management systems (DBMSs)
allow users to operate upon the latest (committed) data base state.
However, many real world applications require storing and accessing
historical information. Furthermore, there are no provisions in
current DBMSs for the distinction between the physical time a given
data item is entered, and the time period to which it pertains. Many
data base updates in real applications are either 'retroactive', i.e.,
their effectiveness takes place sometime in the past, or 'proactive',
i.e., there effectiveness will take place sometime in the future. The
Time-Relational Model is an architecture which integrates
comprehensive time processing capabilities into the Relational Model
of data bases for managing changes of data values, data manipulation
rules, and data structures. Hoever, those who are not concerned about
Time in their particular applications may perceive this model as a
regular relational model. A fundamental concept is the time-view of
data and transaction programs. Its major objective is to automatically
and dynamically provide multiple and complete data base views
reflecting different points in time, including all system components
that may change over time. The time-view theorem provides necessary
and sufficient conditions for achieving any desirable, dynamic
timee-view. The time-consistency theorem states the conditions for
which a given computation can be reproduced again and again in the
face of data base changes over time. The basic relational algebra
operators are extended to include the time-view concept, resulting in
the time-relational algebra. An implementation architecture is
developed which demonstrates the feasibility of such model. The
central idea is to gain more functions and solutions based on the
presence of time related information and, thus, spread the overall
operational and implementation cost across multiple sources. Recovery
Manager and Concurrency Control Procedures are developed. The recovery
manager uses only the data itself for its own operation rather than a
loggin facility; there is no need for a locking mechanism to provide
each user with an appropriate isoloation level from other concurrent
users. A real-life case study is described based on the Informatics
Inc. Manufacturing Planning System PRODUCTION-IV." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 22:35:34 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( BERCKEN95,
author    =    " J. van de Bercken and B. Seeger" ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Processing with Duplicate
Avoidance: Efficient Approaches to Multiversion Access Methods" ,
institution=    "University of Marburg, Germany" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BERNDT94V,
author    =    "D.J. Berndt and J. Clifford" ,
title    =    "{Using Dynamic Time Warping to Find Patterns in
Time Series}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of KDD-94: AAAI Workshop on Knowledge
Discovery in Databases" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "359--370" ,
address    =    "Seattle, Washington" ,
month    =    jul ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( BERNSTEIN90,
key    =    "Bernsterin et al." ,
author    =    "Bernstein, R. and Kruskal, V. and Sarnak, N." ,
title    =    "Creation and Maintenance of Multiple Versions" ,
institution=    "IBM Research Division, T. J, Watson Research
Center" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
type    =    "Technical report," ,
number    =    "RC-15650" ,
address    =    "Yorktown Heights, NY 10598" ,
month    =    "April" ,
note    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BERTINO94,
key    =    "Bertino et al." ,
author    =    "Bertino, E. and Bettini, C. and Samarati, P." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Authorization Model" ,
booktitle=    "ACM Conference on Computer and Communications
Security" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "126-135" ,
address    =    "Fairfax, VA" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 10:54:18 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BERTINO94A,
key    =    "Bertino et al." ,
author    =    "Bertino, E. and Bettini, C., and Samarati, P." ,
title    =    "A Discretionary Access Control Model with Temporal
Authorizations" ,
booktitle=    "IEEE International Workshop on New Security
Paradigms" ,
address    =    "RD-USA" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:27:23 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( BERTINO95,
key    =    "Bertino et al." ,
author    =    "Bertino, E. and Bettini, C. and Ferrari, E. and
Samarati, P." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Access Control Mechanism for Database
Systems" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
number    =    "133-95" ,
institution=    "University of Milano,Italy" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:49:59 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BETTINI94,
key    =    "Bettini" ,
author    =    "Bettini, C." ,
title    =    "A Formalization of Interval-Based Temporal
Subsumption in First Order Logic" ,
booktitle=    "ECAI European Workshop on Theoretical Foundations
of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
volume    =    "810" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:33:18 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( BETTINI95,
key    =    "Bettini et al." ,
author    =    "Bettini, C. and Wang, X. and Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Semantic Assumptions and Their Use in
Database Query Evaluation" ,
type    =    "ISSE Technical Report" ,
number    =    "95-105" ,
institution=    "George Mason University" ,
address    =    "Virginia, USA" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:52:31 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BETTINI95A,
key    =    "Bettini et al." ,
author    =    "Bettini, C. and Wang, X. and Bertino, S. and
Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "Semantic Assumptions and Query Evaluation in
Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
editor    =    "Carey, M." ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:57:43 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BETTINI96,
author    =    "C. Bettini and X.S. Wang and S. Jajodia" ,
title    =    "{Mining Event Sequences for Complex Temporal
Relationships Involving Multiple Granularities}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Canada" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BFG96,
key    =    "Elisa Bertino, Elena Ferrari, Giovanna Guerrini" ,
author    =    "Elisa Bertino and Elena Ferrari and Giovanna
Guerrini" ,
title    =    "A Formal Temporal Object-Oriented Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( BG94,
author    =    "G. Blankenagel and R.H. Gueting" ,
title    =    "{External Segment Trees}" ,
journal    =    "Algorithmica" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "6" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "498-532" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( BGOSW95,
title    =    "An Asymptotically Optimal Multiversion B-Tree" ,
author    =    "B. Becker and S. Geschwind and T. Ohler and B.
Seeger and P. Widmayer" ,
journal    =    "The VLDB Journal" ,
year    =    1995 ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BHARGAVA89,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "Achieving Zero Information Loss in a Classical
Database Environment" ,
booktitle=    "VLDB" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
address    =    "Amsterdam" ,
pages    =    "217--224" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:23:36 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( BHARGAVA89B,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "A 2-dimensional Temporal Relational Database Model
for Querying Errors and Updates, and for Achieving Zero
Information-loss" ,
number    =    "TR\#89-24" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, Iowa State
University" ,
address    =    "Ames, Iowa" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 17 09:59:40 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BHARGAVA90B,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "The Concept of Error in a Database: An Application
of Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 1990 COMAD International Conference
on Management of Data" ,
publisher=    "Tata McGraw-Hill" ,
address    =    "New Delhi" ,
editor    =    "Prakash, N." ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "106--121" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 17 09:58:14 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( BHARGAVA91A,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Relational Database Systems with Zero
Information-loss" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Iowa State University" ,
address    =    "Ames, IA" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
keywords=    "transaction log; relational algebra; zero
information-loss" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 17 09:55:26 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( BHARGAVA91B,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Relational Database Systems with Zero
Information-loss" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
keywords=    "transaction log; relational algebra; zero
information-loss" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 17 09:55:26 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( BHARGAVA93,
key    =    "Bhargava \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Bhargava, G. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Relational Database Systems with Zero Information
Loss" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "76--87" ,
keywords=    "Temporal database; relational database; relational
algebra; update; query; transaction log; transaction time; database
security; zero information loss; valid time; transaction time
database; valid time database; bi-temporal database" ,
abstract=    "We use transaction time for time stamping object
values to record their database history and formulate a zero
information loss model for database transactions. The model consists
of three components, a data history store, an update store, and a
query store. In such a model, the effect of a past transaction (a
query or an update) can be determined at any time. Additionally, the
update and query stores allow us to reconstruct the circumstances of
updates and the information divulged in queries. Such a model is
suitable for the design of secure, easy to audit database systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Mar 28 21:43:12 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( BJORK75,
key    =    "Bjork" ,
author    =    "Bjork, L. A., Jr." ,
title    =    "Generalized Audit Trail Requirements and Concepts
for Data Base Applications" ,
journal    =    "ibmsj" ,
volume    =    "14" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1975" ,
pages    =    "229--245" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Mar  2 16:43:05 1985" ,
)

@inbook        ( BJORNERSTEDT89,
key    =    "Bjornerstedt \& Hulten" ,
author    =    "Bjornerstedt, A. and Hulten, C." ,
title    =    "Version Control in an object-oriented architecture" ,
booktitle=    "Object Oriented Concepts, Databases and
Applications" ,
publisher=    "Addison-Wesley/ACM Press" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "451-485" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:23:11 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BK95,
key    =    "Fahiem Bacchus and Froduald Kabanza" ,
author    =    "Fahiem Bacchus and Froduald Kabanza" ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Logic to Control Search in a
Forward Chaining Planner" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BL95,
key    =    "Maroua Bouzid and Peter Ladkin" ,
author    =    "Maroua Bouzid and Peter Ladkin" ,
title    =    "Rules for Simple Temporal Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BLAKELEY93,
key    =    "Blakeley" ,
author    =    "Blakeley, J." ,
title    =    "Challenges for Research on Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:38:18 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BLANKEN87,
key    =    "Blanken \& IJbema" ,
author    =    "Blanken, H. and IJbema, A." ,
title    =    "Language Concepts for Versioned Hierarchical
Objects" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "191--207" ,
keywords=    "Query language; version management; hierarchical
objects" ,
address    =    "France" ,
abstract=    "New applications concerning office information
systems, computer aided design and manufacturing require extra
facilities from database management systems. Besides highly structured
objects, history plays an important role. This paper treats language
concepts for defining and querying databases in which current and old
states of hierarchical objects are stored. Time related queries are
divided into so-called state queries asking for the state of object(s)
at a certain moment and trend queries that intend to give the
evolution of (parts of) objects during a certain period. Some
operators that ease the formulation of queries are introduced." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 13:52:08 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( BLUM81A,
key    =    "Blum" ,
author    =    "Blum, R. L." ,
title    =    "Displaying Clinical Data from a Time-Oriented
Database" ,
journal    =    "Comput. Biol. Med." ,
publisher=    "Pergamon Press Ltd." ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "197--210" ,
keywords=    "Clinical database, time-oriented data, schema,
scatter diagram, graphics, display" ,
abstract=    "This paper details the principles and
implementation of a time-oriented clinical database and a program for
displaying data on individual patients as graphs, line drawings of
episodes and scatter diagrams. The article presents efficient data
structures for storage of graphs in which plots of multiple variables
are overlayed. The display program permits plotting of patient data
either by visit or by time, telescoping of the time axis, and changing
of the display size. Line drawings of concurrent clinical episodes may
be aligned beneath the graphs. No special graphics equipment is
required. Issues of data representation, transformation, and display
layout are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 30 11:09:54 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inbook        ( BLUM82A,
key    =    "Blum" ,
author    =    "Blum, R. L." ,
title    =    "Discovery and Representation of Causal
Relationships from a Large Time-oriented Clinical Database: The RX
Project" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
series    =    "Medical Informatics series" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul  3 15:52:36 1984" ,
)

@article    ( BLUM82B,
key    =    "Blum" ,
author    =    "Blum, R. L." ,
title    =    "Discovery, Confirmation, and Incorporation of
Casual Relationships from a Large Time-Oriented Clinical Data Base:
The RX Project" ,
journal    =    "Computers and Biomedical Research" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "164--187" ,
abstract=    "The objectives of the methods and computer
implementation presented here are (1) to automate the process of
hypothesis generation and exploratory analysis of data in large
nonrandomized, time-oriented clinical data bases, (2) to provide
knowledgeable assistance in performing studies on large data bases,
and (3) to increase the validity of medical knowledge derived from
nonprotocol data. The RX computer program consists of a knowledge base
(KB), a discovery module, a study module, and a clinical data base.
Utilizing techniques from the field of artificial intelligence, the KB
contains medical and statistical knowledge hierarchically organized,
and is used to assist in the discovery and study of new hypotheses.
Confirmed results from the data base are automatically encoded into
the KB. The discovery module uses lagged, nonparametric correlations
to generate hypotheses. These are then studied in detail by the study
module which automatically determines confounding variables and
methods for controlling their influence. In determining the
confounders of a new hypothesis the study module uses previously
``learned'' causal relationships. The study module selects a study
design and statistical method based on knowledge of confounders and
their distribution in the data base. Most studies have used a
longitudinal design involving a multiple regression model applied to
individual patient records. Data for system development were obtained
from the American Rheumatism Association Medical Information System." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul  3 15:53:56 1984" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BLUM82C,
key    =    "Blum \& Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Blum, R. L. and Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "Studying Hypotheses on a Time-Oriented Clinical
Databae: An Overview of the RX Project" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer
Applications in Medical Care" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
pages    =    "725--735" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul  3 15:55:36 1984" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BLUM82D,
key    =    "Blum" ,
author    =    "Blum, R. L." ,
title    =    "Induction of Causal Relationships From A
Time-Oriented Clinical Database: An Overview Of The RX Project" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the National Conference on
Artificial Intelligence" ,
address    =    "Pittsburgh, PA" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
abstract=    "The RX computer program examines a time-oriented
clinical database and attempts to derive a set of (possibly) causal
relationships. First, a Discovery Module uses lagged, nonparametric
correlations to generate an ordered list of tentative relationships.
Second, a Study Module uses a small knowledge base (KB) of medicine
and statistics to create a study design to control for known
confounders. The study design is then executed by an on-line
statistical package, and the results are automatically incorporated
into the KB as a machine-readable record. In determining the
confounders of a new hypothesis the Study Module uses previously
'learned' causal relationships." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 11:32:21 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( BOEHLEN93,
key    =    (B\"{o}hlen \& Marti) ,
author    =    (B\"{o}hlen, M.~H. and Marti, R.) ,
title    =    "Handling Temporal Knowledge in a Deductive
Database System" ,
booktitle=    (Datenbanksysteme in B\"{u}ro, Technik und
Wisenschaft) ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:12:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BOEHLEN94,
key    =    "Boehlen \& Marti" ,
author    =    "Boehlen, M.~H. and Marti R." ,
title    =    "On the Completeness of Temporal Database Query
Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Temporal Logic" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 827" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Gabbay, D. M., Ohlbach H. J." ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "283-300" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Sep 12 14:08:39 1994" ,
owner    =    "boehlen" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( BOEHLEN94A,
key    =    "Boehlen" ,
author    =    "Boehlen, M.~H." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Deductive Database System Chronolog" ,
school    =    "Departement Informatik, ETH Zurich" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 17 11:30:23 1995" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( BOEHLEN94B,
key    =    "Boehlen" ,
author    =    "Boehlen, M.~H." ,
title    =    "Valid Time Integrity Constraints" ,
number    =    "94-30" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "22" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 22 16:02:35 1994" ,
owner    =    "boehlen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BOEHLEN95D,
key    =    (B\"{o}hlen et al.) ,
author    =    (B\"{o}hlen, M.~H. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass,
R.~T.) ,
title    =    "Evaluating the Completeness of TSQL2" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "VLDB" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, J. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:25:01 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BOEHLEN96C,
key    =    (B\"{o}hlen et al.) ,
author    =    (B\"{o}hlen, M.~H. and Chomicki, J. and Snodgrass,
R.~T. and Toman, D.) ,
title    =    "Querying TSQL2 Databases with Temporal Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of EDBT'96" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 20 13:54:48 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BOHLEN95,
key    =    "Bohlen et al." ,
author    =    "Bohlen, M. H. and Jensen, C. S. and Snodgrass, R.
T. " ,
title    =    "Evaluating the Completeness of TSQL2" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "153--174" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:40:29 1995" ,
abstract=    "The question of what is a well-designed temporal
data model and query language is a difficult, but also an important
one. The consensus temporal query language TSQL2 attempts to take
advantage of the accumulated knowledge gained from designing and
studying many of the earlier models and languages. In this sense,
TSQL2 represents a constructive answer to this question. Others have
provided analytical answers by developing criteria. formulated as
completeness properties, for what is a good model and language. This
paper applies important existing completeness notions to TSQL2 in
order to evaluate the design of TSQL2. It is shown that TSQL2
satisfies only a subset of these completeness notions." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( BOHLEN95B,
author    =    (M.H. B{\"o}hlen) ,
title    =    "Temporal Database System Implementations" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "53--60" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( BOLOUR82,
key    =    "Bolour et al." ,
author    =    "Bolour, A. and Anderson, T. L. and Dekeyser, L. J.
and Wong, H. K. T." ,
title    =    "The Role of Time in Information Processing: A
Survey" ,
journal    =    "SigArt Newsletter" ,
volume    =    "80" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "28--48" ,
annote    =    "69 annotations" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 29 16:33:28 1982" ,
)

@article    ( BOLOUR83,
key    =    "Bolour \& Dekeyser" ,
author    =    "Bolour, A. and Dekeyser, L. J." ,
title    =    "Abstractions in Temporal Information" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "41--49" ,
abstract=    "The prevalent abstractions in temporal information
are examined by using the machinery of first order logic. The
abstraction of time allows one to concentrate on temporal objects only
as they relate to other temporal objects in time. It is represented by
a functional relationship between temporal objects and time intervals.
The abstraction of identity allows one to concentrate on how an
observed phenonmenon relates to other phenomena in terms of their
being manifestations of the same object. It is represented by a
functional relationship between temporal phenomena and ``completed''
temporal objects. The abstraction of circumstance embodies a focus of
attention on particular configurations or states of groups of temporal
phenomena. It is represented by functional relationships between these
groups and other objects called ``events'' or ``states''. A novel
concept, called absolute relative abstraction, is used to formalize
the abstractions of time and identity. The abstraction of
circumstance, on the other hand, is an example of aggregation. The
significance and use of these abstractions in the representation and
processing of historical information is discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 16:07:27 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@book        ( BOWERMAN87,
key    =    "Bowerman \& OConnell" ,
author    =    "Bowerman, B. and OConnell, R." ,
editor    =    "Ling, T. W. and Masunaga, Y." ,
title    =    "Time Series Forecasting: Unified Concepts and
Computer Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Duxbury Press" ,
address    =    "Boston" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
keywords=    "Second Edition" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 14:05:12 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( BOZKAYA95,
author    =    "T. Bozkaya and Z.M. Ozsoyoglu" ,
title    =    "Indexing Transaction-Time Databases" ,
institution=    "Computer Engineering and Science" ,
address    =    "Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    jun ,
number    =    "CES-95-19" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( BOZKAYA95A,
author    =    "T. Bozkaya and Z.M. Ozsoyoglu" ,
title    =    "Indexing the Temporal Data in Multimedia Databases" ,
institution=    "Computer Engineering and Science" ,
address    =    "Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
number    =    "CES-95-23" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BRODIE81A,
key    =    "Brodie" ,
author    =    "Brodie, M. L." ,
title    =    "On Modelling Behavioral Semantics of Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Cannes, France" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C. and Delobel, C." ,
year    =    "1981" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "32--42" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec  6 12:54:47 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( BROOKS56,
key    =    "Brooks" ,
author    =    "Brooks, F. P." ,
title    =    "The Analytic Design of Automatic Data Processing
Systems" ,
school    =    "Harvard University" ,
address    =    "Cambridge, MA" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1956" ,
number    =    "Report No. BL-15" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 21 15:52:48 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@article    ( BRUCE72,
key    =    "Bruce" ,
author    =    "Bruce, B. C." ,
title    =    "A Model for Temporal References and Its
Application in a Question Answering Program" ,
journal    =    "Artificial Intelligence" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1972" ,
pages    =    "1--25" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 10:16:26 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BRUNET90,
key    =    "Brunet et al." ,
author    =    "Brunet, J. and Cauvet, C. and Lasoudris, L." ,
title    =    "Why Using Events in a High-Level Specification" ,
booktitle=    "9th International Conference on
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Lausanne, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 15:23:43 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BRUSONI94V,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, L. and Pernici, B. and
Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "{LaTeR: a General Purpose Manager of Temporal
Information}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on
Methodologies for Intelligent Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "255--264" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
month    =    oct ,
editor    =    "Z. Ras and M. Zemankova" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol.869" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BRUSONI95,
key    =    "Brusoni et al." ,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, L. and Terenziani, P. and
Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Extending Temporal Relational Databases to Deal
with Imprecise and Qualitative Temporal Information" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "3--22" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 12:44:52 1995" ,
abstract=    "In several application domains, there is a need
for historical databases supporting also imprecise and qualitative
temporal information. We propose a formal theory for handling
imprecise and qualitative temporal information in a relational
temporal database. In particular, we introduce a relational algebra in
which the traditional operators are extended in order to deal with
imprecise and qualitative time; we examine the properties of the
operators, showing that the algebra we introduce is a consistent
extension of the snapshot algebra. Finally, we show how a temporal
relational database based on this theory can be built on top of a
conventional relational database." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( BRUSONI95A,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, L. and Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "On the Computational Complexity of Querying Bounds
on Differences Constraints" ,
journal    =    "Artificial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( BRUSONI95B,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, L. and Pernici, B. and
Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "{A Relational Model for Historical Databases
Dealing with Absolute, Qualitative and Incomplete Information}" ,
institution=    "Dip. di Informatica, Universita di Torino" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( BRUSONI96,
author    =    "Brusoni, V. and Console, L. and Pernici, B. and
Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "{LaTeR: An Efficient, General Purpose Manager of
Temporal Information}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Software" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( BS94,
title    =    " On Indexing Spatial and Temporal Data " ,
author    =    " Betty Salzberg " ,
pages    =    "447--465 " ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
year    =    1994 ,
volume    =    19 ,
number    =    6 ,
)

@techreport    ( BUBENKO76,
key    =    "Bubenko" ,
author    =    "Bubenko, J. A., Jr." ,
title    =    "The temporal dimension in information modeling" ,
number    =    "RC 6187 \#26479" ,
institution=    "IBM Thomal J. Watson Research Center" ,
year    =    "1976" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
address    =    "Yorktown Heights, NY" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Oct  1 15:41:25 1983" ,
)

@inbook        ( BUBENKO77,
key    =    "Bubenko" ,
author    =    "Bubenko, J. A., Jr." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Dimension in Information Modeling" ,
booktitle=    "Architecture and Models in Data Base Management
Systems" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland Pub. Co." ,
address    =    "The Netherlands" ,
year    =    "1977" ,
pages    =    "93--118" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 23 15:03:03 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( BUBENKO86,
key    =    "Bubenko \& Olive" ,
author    =    "Bubenko, J. A. and Olive, A." ,
title    =    "Dynamic or Temporal Modeling - an Illustrative
Comparison" ,
type    =    "SYSLAB Working Paper" ,
institution=    "The Systems Development and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory, University of Stockholm" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:05:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( BUCHMANN93,
key    =    "Buchmann \& Branding" ,
author    =    "Buchmann, A. P. and Branding, H." ,
title    =    "On Combining Temporal and Real-Time Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "June" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:32:37 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( BURGESS79,
key    =    "Burgess" ,
author    =    "Burgess, J. P." ,
title    =    "Logic and time" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Symbolic Logic" ,
number    =    "44" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
pages    =    "566--582" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 26 08:28:04 1985" ,
)

@article    ( CABODI91,
key    =    "Cabodi et al." ,
author    =    "G. Cabodi and P. Camurati and P. Printetto and M.
Sonza Reorda" ,
title    =    "TPDL: Extended Temporal Profile Description
Language" ,
journal    =    "Software-Practice and Experience" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "Apr" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "355--374" ,
keywords=    "Computer-aided design Temporal logic Digital
systems Simulation" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents TPDL(extended temporal profile
description language), a general-purpose language to observe and
condition dynamic systems by means of temporal and logical
expressions. It describes how time is modelled in TPDL, gives an
overview of the language through its basic types, primitves and
conditionalconstructs, and its use in computer-aided design of digital
systems. The paper discusses TPDL's facilities to support the
description of hardware behaviour, to define the environment in which
devices operate, and to observe and control both circuits and
environments. The characteristics of the language are demonstrated
through some representative examples. " ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jul 28 13:31:23 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@article    ( CARDENAS93,
key    =    "Cardenas et al." ,
author    =    "Cardenas, A. and Ieong, I. and Taira, R. and
Barker, R. and Breant, C." ,
title    =    "The Knowledge-Based Object-Oriented PICQUERY+
Language" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "August" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "644--657" ,
keywords=    "evolutionary databases, knowledge bases, medical
databases, object-oriented databases, pictorial databases, picture
archiving and communication systems, temporal databases" ,
abstract=    "The high-level domain-independent query language
PICQUERY+ for pictorial and alphanumeric database management is
introduced. The PICQUERY+ language and its underlying stacked image
data model is enhanced with major advances introduced herein
including: 1) convenient specification of the data domain space among
a multimedia database federation, 2) visualization of underlying data
models, knowledge-based hierarchies, and domain rules, 3)
understanding of high-level abstract data types, 4) ability to perform
data object matches based on imprecise or fuzzy descriptors, imprecise
relational correlators, and temporal and object evolutionary event, 5)
specification of alphanumeric and image processing algorithms on data,
and 6) specification of alphanumeric and image visualization methods
for user presentation. The power of PICQUERY+ is presented and
illustrated using examples drawn from the medical imaging domain. A
graphical menu-driven user interface is demonstrated for this domain
as an example of the menu interface capabilities of PICQUERY+." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 15:35:15 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CARMO87,
key    =    "Carmo \& Sernadas" ,
author    =    "Carmo, J. and Sernadas, A." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Logic Framework for a Layered Approach
to Systems Specification and Verification" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "31--47" ,
keywords=    "Systems specification; temporal logic; linear and
branching models; behavior logic; safety and liveness analysis" ,
abstract=    "A layered approach is proposed for information
systems specification and verification, according to the INFOLOG
methodology. This approach takes into account not only the static and
the transition constraints on data, but also the liveness and other
requirements related to the specification of the system evolution and
of its communication behavior. A brief overview of the main temporal
formalisms is included. A unifying temporal logic framework is
outlined to support the proposed layered approach, using linear
formalisms in some layers and branching formalisms in other layers.
This framework brings together logic tools covering the entire
specification/ verification phase in the systems development life
cycle." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:24:27 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CARUSO88,
key    =    "Caruso \& Sciore" ,
author    =    "Caruso, M. and Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "Meta-Functions and Contexts in an Object-Oriented
Database Language" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "ACM" ,
address    =    "Chicago, IL" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "56--65" ,
abstract=    "VISION is an object-oriented database system
currently used commercially to develop investment analysis and other
large statistical applications. Characteristic of these applications,
besides the standard issues of structural and computational richness,
is the need to handle time, versions, and concurrency control in a
manner that does not produce combinatoric complexity in object
protocol. This paper describes the approach taken by VISION in
addressing these issues." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 15 16:24:56 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inbook        ( CARUSO90,
key    =    "Caruso \& Sciore" ,
author    =    "Caruso, M. and Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "The Vision Object-Oriented Database Management
System" ,
booktitle=    "Advances in Database Programming Languages" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
chapter    =    "9" ,
pages    =    "147--163" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 15 16:16:27 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CASANOVA82,
key    =    "Casanova \& Furtado" ,
author    =    "Casanova, M. A. and Furtado, A. L." ,
title    =    "A Family of Temporal Languages for the Description
of Transition Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Workshop on Logical Bases for Data
Bases" ,
address    =    "Toulouse, France" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 15:56:50 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@incollection    ( CASANOVA84,
key    =    "Casanova \& Furtado" ,
author    =    "Casanova, M. A. and Furtado, A. L." ,
title    =    "On the Description of Database Transition
Constraints Using Temporal Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Advances in Database Theory, Vol. II" ,
editor    =    "Gallaire, H. and Minker, J. and Nicolas, J.-M." ,
publisher=    "Plenum Press" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
volume    =    "II" ,
pages    =    "211--236" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 10:49:37 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CASTILHO82,
key    =    "Castilho et al." ,
author    =    "Castilho, J. M. V. and Casanova, M. A. and
Furtado, A.L." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for Database Specifications" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Mexico City, Mexico" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "280--291" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 15:59:16 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CASTILLO82,
key    =    "Castillo et al." ,
author    =    "Castillo, I. M. V. and Casanova, M. A. and
Furtado, A. L." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for DataBases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 13:49:05 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CAVALCANTI95,
author    =    "Cavalcanti, J.M.B. and Laender, A.H.F. and
Oliveira, J.P.M and Edelweiss, N." ,
title    =    "{Uma abordagem para implementacao de um modelo
temporal orientado a objetos usando SGBDs relacionais}" ,
booktitle=    "Simposio Brasileiro de Banco de Dados" ,
volume    =    "10" ,
address    =    "Recife, PE, Brazil" ,
publisher=    "UFPE/DI" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
pages    =    "393-408" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@article    ( CC94,
key    =    "James Clifford, Albert Crocker" ,
author    =    "James Clifford and Albert Crocker" ,
title    =    "On Completeness of Historical Relational Query
Languages" ,
journal    =    "ACM Transactions on Database Systems" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "64-116" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CCGT95,
key    =    "James Clifford, Albert Croker, Fabio Grandi,
Alexander Tuzhilin" ,
author    =    "James Clifford and Albert Croker and Fabio Grandi
and Alexander Tuzhilin" ,
title    =    "On Temporal Grouping" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "194-213" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CD95,
key    =    "Diana Cukierman and James Delgrande" ,
author    =    "Diana Cukierman and James Delgrande" ,
title    =    "A language to Express Time Intervals and
Repetition" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( CDF95,
key    =    "Bernadette Charron-Bost, Carole Delporte-Gallet,
Hugues Faucon nier" ,
author    =    "Bernadette Charron-Bost and Carole Delporte-Gallet
and Hugues Fauconnier" ,
title    =    "Local and Temporal Predicates In Distributed
Systems" ,
journal    =    "ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and
Systems" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    jan ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( CERI81,
key    =    "Ceri et al." ,
author    =    "Ceri, S. and Pelagatti, G. and Bracchi, G." ,
title    =    "Structured Methodology for Designing Static and
Dynamic Aspects of Data Base Applications" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "31--45" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec  6 12:52:56 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CERVESATO93,
author    =    "Cervesato, I. and Montanari, A. and Provetti, A." ,
title    =    "{On the Non-monotonic Behavior of Event Calculus
for Deriving Maximal Time-Intervals" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CERVESATO95,
author    =    "I. Cervesato and L. Chittaro and A. Montanari" ,
title    =    "{A Modal Calculus of Partially Ordered Events in a
Logic Programming Framework" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CG93,
key    =    "T. W. Carnduff, W. A. Gray" ,
author    =    "T. W. Carnduff and W. A. Gray" ,
title    =    "Function Materialization Through Object Versioning
in Object-Oriented Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th British National
Conference on Databas es (BNCOD)" ,
pages    =    "111-128" ,
month    =    jul ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 696" ,
address    =    "Keele, U.K." ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CG94,
key    =    "Cheng \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Tsz S. Cheng and Shashi K. Gadia" ,
title    =    "Pattern Matching Language for Spatio-Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    nov ,
address    =    "Gaithersburg, MD" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CGS95,
key    =    "Cristina DeCastro, Fabio Grandi, Maria Rita Scalas" ,
author    =    "C. DeCastro and F. Grandi and M. R. Scalas" ,
title    =    "On Schema Versioning in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "272-291" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHAKRAVARTHY93,
key    =    "Chakravarthy \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Chakravarthy, S. and Kim, S.-K." ,
title    =    "Resolution of Time Concepts in Temporal Databases" ,
type    =    "UF-CIS Tech. Report" ,
number    =    "93-004" ,
institution=    "Database Systems R\&D Center, CIS Department,
University of Florida" ,
address    =    "Gainesville, Florida" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "January" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:35:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHAKRAVARTHY93B,
key    =    "Chakravarthy \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Chakravarthy, S. and Kim, S. K." ,
title    =    "Semantics of Time-Varying Information and
Resolution of Time Concepts in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "June" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:35:31 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHAKRAVARTHY93C,
key    =    "Chakravarthy \& Mishra" ,
author    =    "Chakravarthy, S. and Mishra, D." ,
title    =    "Snoop: An Expressive Event Specification Language
for Active Databases" ,
number    =    "UF-CIS-TR-93-007" ,
institution=    "University of Florida" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:38:52 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( CHAKRAVARTHY94A,
author    =    "Chakravarthy, S. and D. Misra" ,
title    =    "{Snoop: An Expressive Event Specification Language
for Active Databases}" ,
journal    =    "Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "14" ,
pages    =    "1-26" ,
number    =    "1" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHAKRAVARTHY94B,
author    =    "S. Chakravarthy and V. Krishnaprasad and E. Anwar
and S.-K. Kim" ,
title    =    "Composite Events for Active Databases: Semantics,
Contexts and Detection" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 20th VLDB Conference" ,
year    =    1994 ,
address    =    "Santiago, Chile" ,
pages    =    "606--617" ,
abstract=    " Making a database system active entails
developing an expressive event specification language with
well-defined semantics, algorithms for the detection of composite
events, and an architecture for an event detector along with its
implementation. This paper presents the semantics of composite events
using the notion of a global event history (or a global event log).
Parameter contexts are introduced and precisely defined to facilitate
efficient management and detection of composite events. Finally an
architecture and the implementation of a composite event detector is
analysed in the context of an object-oriented active DBMS." ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( CHAKRAVARTHY94C,
title    =    "{Design of Sentinel: An Object-oriented DBMS with
Event-based Rules" ,
)

@article    ( CHAKRAVARTHY94V,
author    =    "Chakravarthy, S. and Kim, S.K." ,
title    =    "{Resolution of Time Concepts in Temporal
Databases}" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "80" ,
pages    =    "91-125" ,
number    =    "1/2" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHANDRA93,
key    =    "Chandra et al." ,
author    =    "Chandra, R. and Segev, A. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Implementing Calendars and Temporal Rules in Next
Generation Databases" ,
number    =    "LBL Report 34229" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "23" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, CA 94720" ,
abstract=    "In applications like financial trading,
scheduling, manufacturing and process control, time based predicates
in queries and rules are very important. There is also a need to
define sets of time points or intervals. We refer to these sets as
calendars. This paper presents a system of calendars that allows
specification of natural-language time-based expressions, maintenance
of valid time in database, specification of temporal conditions in
database queries and rules, and user-defined semantics for data
manipulation. A simple set based language is proposed to define,
manipulate and query calendars. The design of the parser and an
algorithm for efficient eveluation of calendar expressions is also
described. The paper also describes the implementation of time-based
rules in POSTGRES using the proposed system of calendars." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun 27 18:21:06 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHANDRA93B,
key    =    "Chandra \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Chandra, R. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Managing Temporal Financial Data in an Extensible
Database" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
address    =    "Dublin, Ireland" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:41:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHANDRA94,
key    =    "Chandra et al." ,
author    =    "Chandra, R. and Segev, A. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Implementing Calendars and Temporal Rules in Next
Generation Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 17 19:39:03 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHANDRA94V,
author    =    "R. Chandra and A. Segev" ,
title    =    "{Using Next generation Databases to Develop
Financial Applications}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Applications of Databases (ADB)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "Witold Litwin and Tore Risch" ,
pages    =    "190--203" ,
address    =    "Vadstena, Sweden" ,
month    =    jun ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 819" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHAUDHURI88,
key    =    "Chaudhuri" ,
author    =    "Chaudhuri, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Relationships in Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
abstract=    "We argue that representation of temporal
relationships (e.g., before, after) is necessary in databases. We
propose a graph model for an important class of temporal
relationships. This model is shown to be a powerful tool in
identifying generic temporal queries, and in describing the process of
deduction of temporal relationships. The model provides a framework to
estimate the cost of query evaluation and to identify domain
characteristics for query optimization. We provide an outline of
temporal query processing to illustrate how domain properties may be
utilized. We conclude by presenting an interesting computational model
for the temporal domain that trades completeness of the deduction for
computational efficiency. Some open problems are mentioned." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 15:28:31 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( CHAZELLE85,
key    =    "Chazelle" ,
author    =    "Chazelle, B." ,
title    =    "How to Search in History" ,
journal    =    "Information and Control" ,
volume    =    "64" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "77--99" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 17 14:41:43 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHEESEMAN83,
key    =    "Cheeseman" ,
author    =    "Cheeseman, P." ,
title    =    "A Representation of Time for Planning" ,
type    =    "Technical Note" ,
number    =    "278" ,
institution=    "Artificial Intelligence Center" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
abstract=    "A new time representation is described that allows
a continuously changing world to be represented, so that queries about
the truth of a proposition at a instant or over an interval can be
answered. The deduction mechanism used to answer the common queries
necessary in planning is the same as the employed for deducing all
other information, thereby avoiding the need for a specialized time
expert. The representation allows any time information to be
represented without forcing an over specification. The implementation
of this representation requires mechanisms to detect the effects of
world changes on previous deductions (truth maintenance)." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar  6 09:38:57 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHEN86A,
key    =    "Chen" ,
author    =    "Chen, K." ,
title    =    "The Inductive Acquisition of Temporal Knowledge" ,
number    =    "ISG 86-14" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science" ,
address    =    "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "1--15" ,
keywords=    "Science, knowledge acquistion and leaning" ,
abstract=    "A methodology is proposed for the inductive
acquisition of temporal descriptive rules and temporal decision rules
from training instances. A distinction is made between descriptive and
decision rules in order to distinguish rules driven by classifications
from rules drived by reward/ punishment. Refinement
(specialization/generalization) operators for the temporal domain are
given, and various heuristics in rule invocation and incremental rule
generation are discussed. The method has potential applications in the
acquisition of temporal knowledge in many realtime domains." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jun 25 09:58:22 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@unpublished    ( CHEN92,
key    =    "Chen \& Su" ,
author    =    "Chen, H. and Su, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Association Algebra: A Mathematical
Foundation for Object-Oriented Temporal Data/Knowledge Bases" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
note    =    "in preparation" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:25:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@unpublished    ( CHEN92B,
key    =    "Chen \& Su" ,
author    =    "Chen, H. and Su, S." ,
title    =    "A Delta-Instance, Multi-Snapshot Storage Model for
Object-Oriented Temporal Databases" ,
note    =    "in preparation" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:29:25 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( CHEN93,
key    =    "Chen" ,
author    =    "Chen, H. H. M." ,
title    =    "Temporal Knowledge Base Management: Model, Query
Language, Algebra, and Implementation Techniques" ,
school    =    "Electrical Engineering Dept., University of
Florida" ,
address    =    "Gainesville, FL" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:52:40 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHEN94A,
author    =    "J.L. Chen and D. McLeod and D.O'Leary" ,
title    =    "{Schema Evolution for Object-Based Accounting
Database Systems}" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Object-Oriented
Systems, Methodologies, and Applications (ISOOMS)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Palermo, Italy" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHEN94V,
author    =    "C. Y. Chen and C. C. Chang and R. C. T. Lee" ,
title    =    "{A Line Segment Intersection Based Temporal Join}" ,
booktitle=    "International Symposium on Advanced Database
Technologies and Their Integration (ADTI)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Japan" ,
month    =    oct ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHEN96V,
author    =    "I.M.A. Chen and V.M. Markowitz and K.H. Fasman and
S. Letovsky and P. Li" ,
title    =    "{Version Management for Scientific Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHENG93,
key    =    "Cheng \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Cheng, T. S. and Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Model for Temporal Dataabases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "June" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:33:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( CHIDANANDA92,
key    =    "Chidananda" ,
author    =    "Chidananda, M. R." ,
title    =    "Query Optimization and Access Planning in
Historical Database Management Systems" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer Science and Engineering" ,
address    =    "Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHIEUH91,
key    =    "Chieuh \& Katz" ,
author    =    "Chieuh, T.-C. and Katz, R." ,
title    =    "Papyrus: a Structured History Database for VLSI
Design Flow Management" ,
booktitle=    "Database Systems for Advanced Applications '91" ,
address    =    "Tokyo, Japan" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "293--301" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:23:52 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHITTARO94,
author    =    "Chittaro, L. and Montanari, A. and Dojat, M. and
Gasparini, C." ,
title    =    "{The Event Calculus at Work: a Case Study in the
Medical Domain" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHITTARO94A,
author    =    "Chittaro, L. and Montanari, A. and Provetti, A." ,
title    =    "{Skeptical and Credulous Event Calculi for
Supporting Modal Queries" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHITTARO94B,
author    =    "Chittaro, L. and Montanari, A." ,
title    =    "{Efficient Handling of Context-dependency in the
Cached Event Calculus" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHITTARO95,
author    =    "Chittaro, L. and Montanari, A. and Peressi, E." ,
title    =    "{An Integrated Framework for Temporal Aggregation
and Omission in the Event Calculus" ,
)

@article    ( CHITTARO96,
author    =    "Chittaro, L. and Montanari, A." ,
title    =    "{Efficient Temporal Reasoning in the Cached Event
Calculus" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHLEQ94,
key    =    "Nicolas Chleq" ,
author    =    "Nicolas Chleq" ,
title    =    "Using Constrained Resolution for Abductive
Temporal Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHO93,
key    =    "Cho \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Cho, T. N. and Kim, K. C." ,
title    =    "Design of Historical Databases using the 3-D
Relational Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "The 3rd International Symposium on Database
Systems for Advanced Applications" ,
address    =    "Taejon, Korea" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan 28 19:06:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI88,
key    =    "Chomicki \& Imelinski" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J. and Imelinski, T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Deductive Databases and Infinite Objects" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Seventh ACM
SIGAct-SIGMod-SIGArt Symposium on Principles of Database Systems" ,
publisher=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Austin, Texas" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "61--73" ,
abstract=    "We discuss deductive databases with one fixed
occurrence of a monnadic function symbol successor per predicate.
Databases of this kind can be used in a natural way to model simple
patterns of events repeated in time, and this is why we term them
temporal. Temporal deductive databases are also interesting from a
theoretical point of view, because they give rise to infinite least
fixpoints and infinite query answers. We study complexity properties
of finite query answers and define the notion of infinite objects
which makes some infinite least fixpoints computable in finite time." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon May  8 12:05:46 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI89A,
key    =    "Chomicki \& Imelinski" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J. and Imelinski, T." ,
title    =    "Relational Specifications of Infinite Query
Answers" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "174--183" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 09:44:05 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI90,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "Polynomial Time Query Processing in Temporal
Deductive Databases" ,
booktitle=    "9th Annual ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART Symposium on
Principles of Database Systems" ,
address    =    "Nashville, TN" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:21:00 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHOMICKI90A,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "History-less Checking of Dynamic Integrity
Constraints" ,
number    =    "CS-90-19" ,
institution=    "Kansas State University" ,
address    =    "Manhattan, KS" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "1--16" ,
keywords=    "database integrity; dynamic constraints;
historical databases; temporal logic" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan  3 13:12:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHOMICKI90B,
key    =    "Chomicki \& Imelinski" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J. and Imelinski, T." ,
title    =    "Finite Representation of Infinite Query Answers" ,
number    =    "TR-CS-90-10" ,
institution=    "Kansas State University" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 10:08:02 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI92A,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "History-less Checking of Dynamic Integrity
Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Alamitos, CA" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
volume    =    "8" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "557--564" ,
abstract=    "We present an efficient implementation method for
dynamic integrity constraints formulated in Past Temporal Logic.
Although the constraints can refer to past states of the database,
their checking does not require that the entire database history be
stored. Instead, every database state is extended with auxiliary
relations that contain the historical information necessary for
checking constraints. Auxiliary relations can be implemented as
materialized relational view." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  4 21:52:03 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHOMICKI92B,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "Real-Time Integrity Constraints" ,
number    =    "TR-CS-92-26" ,
institution=    "Department of Computing \& Information Sciences,
Kansas State University" ,
address    =    "Manhattan, KS" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "9" ,
abstract=    "We propose that Past Metric Temporal Logic
(Temporal Logic with real-time operators referring to the past) be
used as a language for specifying real-time integrity constraints.
Building on our earlier work, we develop efficient, history-less
methods of evaluating such constraints. We also argue that real-time
constraints should be implemented as Condition-Action rules with
temporal conditions." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 12 22:31:28 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI93,
key    =    "Chomicki \& Niwinski" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J. and Niwinski, D." ,
title    =    "On the Feasibility of Checking Temporal Integrity
Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD Symposium of
PODS" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "202--213" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 22:30:12 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( CHOMICKI93B,
key    =    "Chomick" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases (tutorial notes)" ,
number    =    "TR-CS-93-12" ,
institution=    "Department of Computing and Information Sciences,
Kansas State University" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
note    =    "(Tutorial presented at 12th PODS, Washington) " ,
abstract=    " We survey selected problems in temporal
databases, concentrating on the following issues : the structure of
time, definitions of a temporal database, temporal query languages,
and incomplete temporal information. We emphasize formal methods and
mathematical results. We identify a number of open research problems.
We also briefly compare the database and the AI perspectives on the
representation of temporal information." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun  9 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI94,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Chomicki, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Languages: A Survey" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Temporal Logic" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 827" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Gabbay, D. M., Ohlbach H. J." ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "506-534" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Sep 12 14:10:10 1994" ,
owner    =    "boehlen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOMICKI94B,
key    =    "Chomicki" ,
author    =    "J. Chomicki" ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Languages: {A} Survey" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on
Temporal Logic" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 827" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    " D. Gabbay and H. Ohlbach" ,
month    =    jul ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "506--534" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Sep 12 14:10:10 1994" ,
owner    =    "boehlen" ,
)

@article    ( CHOMICKI94C,
key    =    "Jan Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Jan Chomicki" ,
title    =    "Temporal Integrity Constraints in Relational
Databases" ,
journal    =    "Data Engineering Bulletin" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "33-37" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( CHOMICKI95,
key    =    "Chomiki \& Toman" ,
author    =    "Chomiki, J. and Toman, D." ,
title    =    "Implementing Temporal Integrity Constraints Using
an Active DBMS" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "566--582" ,
abstract=    "The paper proposes a general architecture for
implementing temporal integrity constraints by compiling them into a
set of active DBMS rules. The modularity of the design allows easy
adaptation to different environments. Both differences in the
specification languages and in the target rule systems can be easily
accommodated. The advantages of this architecture are demonstrated on
a particular temporal constraint compiler. This compiler allows
automatic translation of integrity constraints formulated in Past
Temporal Logic into rules of an active DBMS (in the current version of
the compiler two active DBMS are supported: Starburst and INGRES).
During the compilation the set of constraints is checked for the safe
evaluation property. The result is a set of SQL statements that
includes all the necessary rules needed for enforcing the original
constraints. The rules are optimized to reduce the space overhead
introduced by the integrity checking mechanism. There is no need for
an additional runtime constraint monitor. When the rules are
activated, all updates to the database that violate any of the
constraints are automatically rejected (i.e., the corresponding
transaction is aborted). In addition to straightforward
implementation, this approach offers a clean separation of application
programs and the integrity checking code. Index Term: Temporal
databases, integrity constraints, dynamic constraints, constraint
checking." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 16:57:54 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( CHOMICKIS95,
key    =    "Jan Chomicki" ,
author    =    "Jan Chomicki" ,
title    =    "Efficient Checking of Temporal Integrity
Constraints Using Bounded History Encoding" ,
journal    =    "ACM Transactions on Database Systems" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "148-186" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOU86,
key    =    "Chou \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Chou, H.-T. and Kim, W." ,
title    =    "A Unifying Framework for Version Control in a CAD
Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Twelve International Conference
on VLDB" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "336--344" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Sep  8 08:52:28 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOU86A,
key    =    "Chou \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Chou, H.-T. and Kim, W." ,
title    =    "A Unifying Framework for Version Control in a CAD
Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Twelfth International
Conference on Very Large Data Bases" ,
address    =    "Kyoto" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "336--344" ,
abstract=    "Version control is one of the most important
functions which need to be supported in integrated computer-aided
design (CAD) systems. In this paper we address a broad spectrum of
semantic and operational issues in version control for a
public/private distributed architecture of CAD systems. The research
issues we address include the semantics of version creation and
manipulation, version naming and name binding, and version change
notification. We develop solutions to these issues under a unifying
framework, and discuss implementation and application interface issues" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 18 16:56:24 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHOU88,
key    =    "Chou \& Kim" ,
author    =    "Chou, H., and Kim, W." ,
title    =    "Versions and Change Notification in an
Object-Oriented Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. of the 25th ACM/IEEE Design Automation
Conference" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 13:58:11 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHRISTODOULAKIS88A,
key    =    "Christodoulakis \& Graham" ,
author    =    "Christodoulakis, S. and Graham, S." ,
title    =    "Browsing Within Time-Driven Multimedia Documents" ,
booktitle=    "ACM COIS" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
pages    =    "219--227" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:20:36 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CHU92,
key    =    "Chu et al." ,
author    =    "Chu, W. W. and Ieong, I. T. and Taira, R. K. and
Breant, C. M." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Evolutionary Object-Oriented Data Model
and Its Query Language for Medical Image Management" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CITB92,
author    =    "W.W. Chu and I.T. Ieong and R.K. Taira and C.M.
Breant" ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Evolutionary Object-oriented Data
Model for Medical Image Management}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 5th Annual IEEE Symposium on
Computer-Based Medical Systems" ,
pages    =    "84-91" ,
address    =    "Durham, NC" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1992" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CJSBDS95,
author    =    "James Clifford and Christian S. Jensen and Richard
T. Snodgrass and Michael H. B\:{o}hlen and Hasan Dewan and Duri
Schmidt" ,
title    =    "Panel: The State-of-the-Art in Temporal Data
Management: Perspectives from the Research and Financial Applications
Communities" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "356-357" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( CLIFFORD75,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "Tense and Tense Logic" ,
publisher=    "The Haque" ,
address    =    "Mouton" ,
year    =    "1975" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 26 08:29:56 1985" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( CLIFFORD82A,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "A Logical Framework for the Temporal Semantics and
Natural-Language Querying of Historical Databases" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer Science, State University
of New York at Stonybrook" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 19:59:00 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD82B,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "A Model for Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Workshop on Logical Bases for Data
Bases" ,
address    =    "Toulouse, France" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:00:36 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( CLIFFORD83,
key    =    "Clifford \& Warren" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Warren, D. S." ,
title    =    "Formal Semantics for Time in Databases" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "214--254" ,
abstract=    "The concept of a historical database is introduced
as a tool for modeling the dynamic nature of some part of the real
world. Just as first-order logic has been shown to be a useful
formalism for expressing and understanding the underlying semantics of
the relational database model, intensional logic is presented as an
analogous formalism for expressing and understanding the temporal
semantics involved in a historical database. The various components of
the relational model, as extended to include historical relations, are
discussed in terms of the model theory for the logic IL\ds\u, a
variation of the logic IL formulated by Richard Montague. The modal
concepts of intensional and extensional data constraints and queries
are introduced and contrasted. Finally, the potential application of
these ideas to the problem of natural language database querying is
discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 12:50:12 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD83A,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "QE-III: A Formal Approach to Natural Language
Querying" ,
institution=    "New York University" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we present an overview of QE-III, a
language designed for natural-language querying of historical
databases. QE-III is defined formally with a Montague Grammar,
extended to provide an interpretation for questions and temporal
reference. Moreover, in addition to the traditional syntactic and
semantic components, a formal pragmatic interpretation for the
sentences of QE-III is also defined." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 10 08:29:12 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD85,
key    =    "Clifford \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "On an Algebra for Historical Relational Databases:
Two Views" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Navathe, S." ,
address    =    "Austin, TX" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "247--265" ,
abstract=    "In search of the appropriate semantics for the
inclusion of structures and operations that will meet the needs of a
wide class of users interested in a database system supporting
temporal views of their data, the paper includes both a discussion of
many problems that must be addressed, and a proposal for an extended
relational algebra. The informal discussion of issues motivates the
proposal to time-stamp the attributes of relations, rather than the
tuples. The proposed algebra incorporates this view with a general
treatment of non-first-normal-form relations." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 11 13:32:16 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD86A,
key    =    "Clifford \& Croker" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A." ,
title    =    "The Historical Relational Data Model (HRDM) and
Algebra Based on Lifespans" ,
institution=    "Information Systems Area, Graduate School of
Business Administration, New York University" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
abstract=    "Critical to the design of an historical database
model is the representatoin of he ``existence'' of objects across the
temporal dimension - for example, the ``birth,'' ``death,'' or
``rebirth'' of an individual, or he establishment or dis-establishment
of a relationship. The notion of he ``lifespan'' of a database object
is proposed as a simple framework for expressing these concepts. An
object's lifespan is simply those periods of time during which the
database models the properties of that object. In this paper we
propose the historical relational data mode (HRDM0 and algebra that is
based upon lifespans and that views the values of all atrtributes as
functions from time points to simple domains. The model that we obtain
is a consistent extension of the relational data model, and provides a
simple mechanism for providing both time-varying data and time-varying
schemes." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr  4 15:59:28 1986" ,
owner    =    "boggs" ,
)

@inbook        ( CLIFFORD86B,
key    =    "Clifford \& Ariav" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Ariav, G." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management: Models and Systems" ,
booktitle=    "New Directions for Database Systems" ,
publisher=    "Ablex Publishing Corporation" ,
address    =    "Norwood, New Jersey" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
chapter    =    "12" ,
pages    =    "168--185" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 12:45:34 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD87A,
key    =    "Clifford \& Croker" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A." ,
title    =    "The Historical Relational Data Model (HRDM) and
Algebra Based on Lifespans" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "528--537" ,
abstract=    "Critical to the design of a historical database
model is the representation of the ``existence'' of objects across the
temporal dimension --- for example, the ``birth,'' ``death,'' or
``rebirth'' of an individual, or the establishment or
dis-establishment of a relationship. The notion of the ``lifespan'' of
a database object is proposed as a simple framework for expressing
these concepts. An object's lifespan is simply those periods of time
during which the database models the properties of that object. In
this paper we propose the historical relational data model (HRDM) and
algebra that is based on lifespans and that views the values of all
attributes as functions from time points to simple domains. The model
that is obtained is a consistent extension of the relational data
model, and provides a simple mechanism for providing both time-varying
data and time-varying schemes." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:51:39 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD87B,
key    =    "Clifford \& Rao" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Rao, A." ,
title    =    "A Simple, General Structure for Temporal Domains" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "23--30" ,
keywords=    "Time theory; time modelling; historical databases;
temporal dimension of databases" ,
abstract=    "Much recent research has focused on the need for,
and definitions of, historical (or temporal) database and information
systems to serve expanding information needs in a variety of
applications. Almost all of this research has assumed that the domain
of time itself was well-understood, and some representation for it
simply needed to be included in the model to provide the needed
temporal dimension. In this paper, we present a simple, set-theoretic
structure for a time domain which is independent of any particular
calendric system. We concentrate on the general structure and
operations necessary to support the needs arising in modelling time in
information systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:06:45 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD87C,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "Natural Language Querying of Historical Databases" ,
institution=    "Information Systems Area, Graduate School of
Business Adminstration, New York University" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we examine the connection between
two areas of semantics, namely the semantics of historical databases
and the semantics of natural language querying, and link them together
via a common view of the semantics of time. Since the target
application domain is an historical database, we present the essential
features of the Historical Relational Database Model (HRDM), an
extension to the relational model motivated by the desire to
incorporate more ``real world'' semantics into a database at the
conceptual level. We then present the essential features of QE-III, a
formally defined English database query language whose semantic and
progmatic theory, based on a Montague-type semantics, makes explicit
reference to the notion of denotation with respect to a moment of
time. We demonstrate the use of this language to query an example
historical database, and discuss the issues of how to provide both a
semantic and a pragmatic interpretation for questions within a
model-theoretic framework." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 16 16:16:28 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD87D,
key    =    "Clifford" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "Historical Databases --- It's About Time" ,
institution=    "Information Systems Area, Graduate School of
Business Administration, New York University" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
abstract=    "Much recent research in the database community
focuses on ways to expand the modelling capabilities of database
management systems. The driving force behind this research is the
growing size and sophistication of the user community, whose needs and
applications seem to always be several steps ahead of the technology.
One of the areas where considerable progress has been made in this
regard is in the extension of existing data models to represent and
manage the temporal dimension of data. In this paper we examine how
these enhanced modelling capabilities will increase the
``functionality'' of the database management systems of tomorrow. We
also introduce the notion of ``Temporal Representation Transparency''
as the appropriate abstraction mechanism for providing this increased
functionality with minimum burden to the user." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 16 16:22:23 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( CLIFFORD88,
key    =    "Clifford \& Croker" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A." ,
title    =    "Objects in Time" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Data Engineering" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "189--196" ,
abstract=    "Two recent lines of database research, proceeding
independently, have been concerned with providing a richer, more
intuitive view of information at the user level. Historical database
research has focused on ways to provide users with a view of
information anchored and evolving in the temporal dimension.
Object-oriented database research focuses on encapsulating both the
structure and the behavior of the objects that users intend to model.
In this paper we explore how these two lines of research might be
brought together, providing to the user the representation and
management of objects in time." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 10:07:06 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD93,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "On Completeness of Historical Relational Query
Languages" ,
type    =    "Technical Report STERN" ,
number    =    "IS-93-8" ,
institution=    "Stern School of Business, New York University" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:54:01 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( CLIFFORD93A,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "On the Completeness of Query Languages for Grouped
and Ungrouped Historical Data Models" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "20" ,
pages    =    "496--533" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:30:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( CLIFFORD93B,
key    =    "Clifford \& Croker" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A." ,
title    =    "The Historical Relational Data Model (HRDM)
Revisited" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "6--27" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Aug 29 15:13:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD93C,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "Grouped and Ungrouped Historical Data Models:
Expressive Power and Completeness" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:40:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD93D,
key    =    "Clifford \& Isakowitz" ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Isakowitz, T." ,
title    =    "On the Semantics of Transaction Time and Valid
Time in Bitemporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:41:28 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( CLIFFORD94,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "On Completeness of Historical Relational Query
Languages" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
publisher=    "acm" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "64--116" ,
keywords=    "Logical design, data models, languages, query
languages" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 31 16:45:27 1994" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD94E,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Dyreson, C. and Snodgrass, R. and
Isakowitz, T. and Jensen, C." ,
title    =    "Now in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD94V,
author    =    "James Clifford and Tomas Isakowitz" ,
title    =    "{On the Semantics of (Bi)Temporal Variable
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "Matthias Jarke and Janis Bubenko and Keith Jeffery" ,
pages    =    "215--230" ,
address    =    "Cambridge, U.K." ,
month    =    mar ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 779" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( CLIFFORD94X,
author    =    "J. Clifford and C.~Dyreson and T.~Isakowitz and
C.~S.~Jensen and R.~T. ~Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "On the Semantics of ``Now'' in Temporal Databases" ,
institution=    "Aalborg University, Department of Mathematics and
Computer Science" ,
address    =    "Aalborg, Denmark" ,
number    =    "R-94--2047" ,
month    =    nov ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "50" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CLIFFORD95,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "Clifford, J. and Croker, A. and Grandi, F. and
Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "On Temporal Grouping" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "194--213" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:43:50 1995" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we address some of the concerns that
have been expressed regarding the practicality of the
temporally-grouped, or history-oriented, data modeling approach.
Specifically, we address the concern over the lack of an algebra for
this paradigm, by presenting such an algebra. In addition, we examine
the semantics of two notions, coalescing and restructuring, from the
perspective of a comparison between the temporally grouped and
temporally ungrouped paradigms." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@incollection    ( CLIFFORD95V1,
key    =    "Clifford et al." ,
author    =    "J. Clifford and C.~E. Dyreson and R.~T. Snodgrass
and T. Isakowitz and C.~S. Jensen" ,
title    =    "Now" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "20" ,
pages    =    "385--394" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CMC95,
key    =    "Luca Chittaro, Angelo Montanari, Iliano Cervesato" ,
author    =    "Luca Chittaro and Angelo Montanari and Iliano
Cervesato" ,
title    =    "Speeding up Temporal Reasoning by Exploiting the
Notion of Kernel of an Ordering Relation" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( COLBY89,
key    =    "Colby" ,
author    =    "Colby, L." ,
title    =    "A Recursive Algebra and Query Optimization for
Nested Relations" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "356--367" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:36:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( COLIJIN90,
key    =    "Colijin \& Thompson" ,
author    =    "Colijin, A. and Thompson, P." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Data Model Based on Accounting
Principles" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Computing and Information" ,
address    =    "Toronto, Canada" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 10:38:16 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CONSOLE93,
key    =    "Console et al." ,
author    =    "Console, L. and Pernici, B. and Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "Towards the Development of a General Temporal
Manager for Temporal Databases: a Layered and Modular Approach" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:57:22 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( CORSETTI91,
key    =    "Corsetti et al." ,
author    =    "Corsetti, E. and Montanari, E. and Ratto, E." ,
title    =    "Dealing with Different Time Granularities in
Formal Specifications of Real-Time Systems" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Real-Time Systems" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 22:10:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( CROKER89,
key    =    "Croker \& Clifford" ,
author    =    "Croker, A. and Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "On Completeness of Historical Relational Data
Models" ,
institution=    "New York University" ,
address    =    "New York, New York" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
pages    =    "1--38" ,
abstract=    "Several proposals for extending the relational
data model to incorporate the temporal dimension of data have appeared
in the past several years. These proposals have differed considerably
in the way that the temporal dimension has been incorporated both into
the structure of the extended relations that are defined as part of
these extended model, and into the operations of the extended
relational algebra or calculus component of the models. Because of
these differences it has been difficult to compare the proposed models
and to make judgements as to which of them is 'better' or indeed, the
'best.' In this paper we propose a notion of historical relational
completeness, analogous to Codd's notion of relational completeness,
and examine several historical relational proposals in light of this
standard. standard." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov  7 15:59:07 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CS94,
author    =    " R. Chandra and A. Segev" ,
title    =    "{Active Databases for Financial Applications}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Fourth International Workshop on
Research Issues in Data Engineering (RIDE): Active Database Systems" ,
pages    =    "46-52" ,
editor    =    "J. Widom and S. Chakravarthy" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
month    =    feb ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CS95,
key    =    "Cristina DeCastro and Maria Scalas" ,
author    =    "C. DeCastro and M.R. Scalas" ,
title    =    "Inferred Validity of Transaction-Time Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CSS94,
key    =    "Chandra, Segev \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Rakesh Chandra and Arie Segev and Michael
Stonebraker" ,
title    =    "Implementing Calendars and Temporal Rules in Next
Generation Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "264-273" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CT95,
key    =    "Christophe Claramunt, Marius Thiriault" ,
author    =    "Christophe Claramunt and Marius Thiriault" ,
title    =    "Managing Time in GIS: An Event-Oriented Approach" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "23-42" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( CUKIERMAN94V,
author    =    "Cukierman, D. and Delgrande, J." ,
title    =    "{Time Units and Calendars}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th National Conference on
Artificial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
address    =    "Seattle, WA" ,
month    =    "July-August" ,
publisher=    "AAAI Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DADAM84,
key    =    "Dadam et al." ,
author    =    "Dadam, P. and Lum, V. and Werner, H.-D." ,
title    =    "Integration of Time Versions into a Relational
Database System" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
pages    =    "509--522" ,
editor    =    "Dayal, U. and Schlageter, G. and Seng, L.H." ,
abstract=    "New application areas for database systems, such
as office automation and CAD/CAM will require support not only of
access to the current data, as is done in current database systems,
but also to previous instances of the data (versions). This means that
time version support is needed. This paper presents the design
considerations for a database system currently under implementation,
that integrates time version support as a normal database function. It
is shown that many subtle issues, such as choice of a suitable
timestamp, how to store history data in a compact form, how to
integrate version management into update processing, recovery,
concurrency control, etc. have to be considered together to obtain an
optimal design." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 16 11:18:11 1984" ,
)

@techreport    ( DADAM87,
key    =    "Dadam \& Teuhola" ,
author    =    "Dadam, P. and Teuhola, J." ,
title    =    "Managing Schema Versions in a Time-Versioned
Non-First-Normal-Form Relational Database" ,
number    =    "TR 87.01.001" ,
institution=    "Heidelberg Scientific Center" ,
address    =    "IBM, Germany" ,
month    =    "January" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
abstract=    "Support of time versions is a very advanced
feature in a DBMS. However, full flexibility of history processing is
achieved only if we can also change the database schema dynamically,
without touching the history. A technique for achieving this goal is
here presented, in the frames of the Non-First-Normal-Form relational
data model. The environment is a pilot DBMS supporting this model,
developed by the Advanced Information Management (AIM) project at the
IBM Heidelberg Scientific Center. The technical solution pursues to
minimize the storage space and the number of data versions. One way to
achieve this is to avoid the immediate update of all data instances in
the context of a schema change. Transformations between versions
enable the correct interpretation of data. The management of
time-related queries becomes complicated, when schema changes are
involved. The paper describes a technique of applying global views
over different schema versions, when formulating the queries and their
results." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@article    ( DAMODARAN95V,
author    =    "S. Damodaran-Kamal and N. Pissinou" ,
title    =    "{Addressing Shared Access and Communication in
Distributed Databases Using an Object Environment}" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Computer Systems" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "10" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "214--222" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( DAS90,
key    =    "Das" ,
author    =    "Das, T. K." ,
title    =    "The Time Dimension: An Interdisciplinary Guide" ,
publisher=    "Praeger Books" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( DAS93V,
author    =    "A. K. Das and S. W. Tu and M. Musen" ,
title    =    "{The Representation and Manipulation of Temporal
Data for Clinical Decision-Support Systems: A Database Challenge}" ,
institution=    "Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
number    =    "KSL-93-70" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inbook        ( DATE86F,
key    =    "Date" ,
author    =    "Date, C. J." ,
title    =    "An Informal Definition of the Relational Model" ,
booktitle=    "Relational Database: Selected Writings" ,
publisher=    "Addison-Wesley" ,
address    =    "Reading, MA" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
chapter    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "21--31" ,
abstract=    "This paper provides a brief tutorial on the theory
underlying relational systems such as SQL/DS and DB2 --- namely, the
relational model. The relational model is a way of looking at data; it
can be regarded as a prescription for how data might be represented
and how that representation might be manipulated. More specifically,
the model is concerned with three aspects of data: data structure,
data integrity, and data manipulation. The paper examines each of
these three aspects in turn." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 25 15:57:28 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( DATHAN94,
title    =    " Transaction Management in N-version Programmed
Database Systems " ,
author    =    " B. Dathan " ,
pages    =    "539--557 " ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    1993 ,
volume    =    18 ,
number    =    8 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DAVIES95A,
key    =    "Davies et al." ,
author    =    "Davies, C. and Lazell, B. and Hughes, M. and
Cooper, L." ,
title    =    "Time is Just Another Attribute--or at Least Just
Another Dimension" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "175--193" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:42:28 1995" ,
abstract=    "Writers on temporal databases frequently claim
that most databases hold only a snapshot of the data to be stored in
that database and that commonly-used database design tools such as the
relational model are unsatisfactory for the development of database
systems in which attribute values change over time. Such writers urge
that valid time - the interval over which a data item is valid - be
treated differently from time which is an ordinary attribute of a
relation. This paper argues that, when considering possible extensions
to the relational model for such purposes, a distinction must be made
between the data model used to represent temporal data and algebras
used to specify processing on that model. It is argued that both valid
time and user-defined time (as defined in TSQL2 and by many writers in
this area) can and should be modelled as simple attributes of a
relation within the unextended relational model. This is contracted
with the need for extra facilities in relational query languages for
processing of temporal and other interval data. The extra querying
facilities identified in these case studies are those for manipulating
overlapping intervals and support for recursive querying of version
trees. TSQ ) is criticized in terms of its limitations, complexity and
reliance on a specific temporal data model." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DAVIES95B,
key    =    "Davis \& Lazell" ,
author    =    "Davies, C. and Lazell, B." ,
title    =    "How helpful is current theory for the
representation of time in real databases?" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third European Conference on
Information Systems (ECIS'95)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "1207--1219" ,
address    =    "Athens" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 20 14:42:51 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( DAYAL85A,
key    =    "Dayal et al." ,
author    =    "Dayal, U. et al." ,
title    =    "PROBE - A Research Project in Knowledge-Oriented
Database Systems: Preliminary Analysis" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "CCA-85-03" ,
institution=    "Computer Corporation of America" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:35:33 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inbook        ( DAYAL86A,
key    =    "Dayal \& Smith" ,
author    =    "Dayal, U. and Smith, J. M." ,
title    =    "PROBE: A Knowledge-Oriented Database Management
System" ,
booktitle=    "On Knowledge Base Management Systems: Integrating
Artificial Intelligence and Database Technologies" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:40:38 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( DAYAL92,
key    =    "Dayal \& Wuu" ,
author    =    "Dayal, U. and Wuu, G." ,
title    =    "A Uniform Approach to Processing Temporal Queries" ,
institution=    "Bellcore" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 24 15:04:03 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DAYAL92A,
key    =    "Dayal \& Wuu" ,
author    =    "Dayal, U. and Wuu, G. T. J." ,
title    =    "A Uniform Approach to Processing Temporal Queries" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DAYAL93,
key    =    "Dayal \& Wuu" ,
author    =    "Dayal, U. and Wuu, G. T. J." ,
title    =    "Extending Existing DBMSs to Manage Temporal Data:
An Object-Oriented Approach" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:42:36 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DDIKG95,
author    =    "Y.F. Day and S. Dagtas and M. Iino and A. Khokhar
and A. Ghafoor" ,
title    =    "{Object-Oriented Conceptual Modeling of Video
Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 11th International Conference on
Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "401-408" ,
month    =    mar ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( DDS94,
key    =    "Werner Dreyer, Angelika Kotz Dittrich, Duri
Schmidt" ,
author    =    "Werner Dreyer and Angelika Kotz Dittrich and Duri
Schmidt" ,
title    =    "Research Perspectives for Time Series Management
Systems" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "10-15" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( DE85,
key    =    "De et al." ,
author    =    "De, S. and Pan, S. and Whinston, A. B." ,
title    =    "Natural Language Query Processing in a Temporal
Database" ,
journal    =    "Data \& Knowledge Engineering" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "3--15" ,
keywords=    "temporal database, knowledge representation, query
processing, natural language processing, equational logic" ,
abstract=    "This paper addresses some of the issues that arise
in representing temporal information in the database context. It deals
not only with the explicit representation of temporal information but
with mechanisms for reasoning with it as well. It addresses the issue
of processing natural language queries with explicit temporal
references. The three issues of knowledge representation, natural
language processing and query processing are addressed using axiomatic
framework based on equational logic." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 21:06:21 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( DE87A,
key    =    "De et al." ,
author    =    "De, S. and Pan, S. and Whinston, A." ,
title    =    "Temporal Semantics and Natural Language Processing
in a Decision Support System" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "29--47" ,
keywords=    "temporal database, knowledge representation, query
processing, natural language processing, equational logic" ,
abstract=    "This paper is an attempt to address in an
integrated fashion three issues of interest in the decision support
system (DSS) context. First, to deal with dynamic problem
environments, a mechanism is proposed to represent data and decision
models with explicit temporal aspects. Second, in order to provide a
natural language interface to such a DSS, this representation of
temporal knowledge is used to process queries including those with
explicit temporal aspects. Third, the issue of computational
efficiency has been addressed using the language of equational logic
as a deduction oriented language for problem solving as well as
describing environmental knowledge. An example describing the salient
features of the system is presented." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug 19 20:44:29 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEAN84,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T." ,
title    =    "Planning and Temporal Reasoning under Uncertainty" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Principles of
Knowledge-Based Systems" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
address    =    "Denver, CO" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 15:02:23 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEAN85A,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning Involving Counterfactuals and
Disjunctions" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "1060--1062" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 15:04:36 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( DEAN85B,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Imagery: An Approach to Reasoning about
Time for Planning and Problem Solving" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "433" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Yale University" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 15:11:15 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( DEAN86A,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T." ,
title    =    "Handling Shared Resources in a Temporal Data Base
Management System" ,
journal    =    "Decision Support Systems" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 09:58:12 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEAN86B,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T." ,
title    =    "Decision Support for Coordinated Multi-Agent
Planning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third International ACM
Conference on Office Information Systems" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
abstract=    "An important component of planning involves
keeping track of what various agents intend to do and recognizing
situations in which certain planned-for activities are likely to
interfere with one another. In planning situations involving several
agents participating in a cooperative endeavor, this process can be
automated to a high degree thereby facilitating coordination between
agents. The more difficult aspects of planning, how to choose what
activities to perform and what to do when those choices lead to
problems, are left to the agents themselves. This paper demonstrates
how the use of an interactive temporal data base management system can
direct the inter-agent communication necessary to coordinate the use
of shared resources and deal with complex scheduling problems. It is
argued that much of the paper work normally associated with routine
office transactions can be eliminated through the use of this temporal
data base." ,
keywords=    "Planning, temporal reasonaing, reason maintenance" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:01:51 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( DEAN87,
key    =    "Dean \& McDermott" ,
author    =    "Dean, T. and McDermott, D. V." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Base Management" ,
journal    =    "Artificial Intelligence (to appear)" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
abstract=    "Reasoning about time typically involves drawing
conclusions on the basis of incomplete information. Uncertainity
arises in the form of ignorance, indeterminacy, and indecision.
Despite the lack of complete information, a problem solver is
continually forced to make predictions in order to pursue hypotheses
and plan for the future. Such predictions are frequently contravened
by subsequent evidence. This paper presents a computational approach
to temporal reasoning that directly confronts these issues. The
approach centers around techniques for managing a data base of
assertions corresponding to the occurrence of events and the
persistence of their effects over time. The resulting computational
framework performs the temporal analog of (static) reason maintenance
by keeping track of dependency information involving assumptions about
the truth of facts spanning various intervals of time. The system
described in this paper extends classical predicate-calculus data
bases, as those used by Prolog, to deal with time in an efficient and
natural manner." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:04:20 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( DEAN88,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, T. L." ,
title    =    "Large-Scale Temporal Data Bases for Planning in
Complex Domains" ,
institution=    "Brown University" ,
address    =    "Providence, Rhode Island" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "1--37" ,
keywords=    "temporal reasoning; planning; data base management" ,
abstract=    "Planning in any realistic setting requires the
management of an enormous amount of information. This information is
generally temporal in nature; prediction, plan choice, and debugging
all involve reasoning about time. The assertions manipulated by
traditional predicate-calculus data base systems, such as Prolog, are
timelessly true. In the temporal data base system described in this
paper, the classical data base assertion is replaced with the notion
of a time token. For any given event or fact type, the data base will
typically contain a large number of time tokens of that type. These
tokens correspond to different occasions when an event of that type
occurred or a fact of that type was made true and remained so for some
period of time. This profusion of time tokens of the same type
presents a problem for systems supporting temporal deductions of the
sort needed in planning. Many routine planning operations must search
through the data base for tokens satisfying certain temporal
constraints. To expedite these operations, this paper describes a
computational framework in which common-sense strategies for
organizing temporal facts are exploited to speed search." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 15:21:20 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( DEAN89,
key    =    "Dean" ,
author    =    "Dean, Thomas" ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Hierarchies to Efficiently Maintain
Large Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "Journal of The ACM" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
volume    =    "36" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "687--718" ,
month    =    "October" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEAN94,
key    =    "Thomas Dean" ,
author    =    "Thomas Dean" ,
title    =    "Meditations on Time and Space: Expediting Temporal
Inference by Explo iting Structure in Time and Space" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEANTONELLIS79,
key    =    "DeAntonellis et al." ,
author    =    "DeAntonellis, V. and Degli, A. and Mauri, G. and
Zonta, B." ,
title    =    "Extending the Entity-Relationship Approach to Take
Into Account Historical Aspects of Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on the
E-R Approach to Systems Analysis and Design" ,
editor    =    "Chen, P." ,
publisher=    "North Holland" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:32:18 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEANTONELLIS81,
key    =    "De Antonellis \& Zonta" ,
author    =    "De Antonellis, V. and Zonta, B." ,
title    =    "Modelling Events In Data Base Applications Design" ,
booktitle=    "7th VLDB" ,
address    =    "Cannes, France" ,
editor    =    "Faniolo, C. and Delobel, C." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "23--31" ,
abstract=    "The modelling of a real world system requires a
description of the changes which occur in it in response to well
defined events. In this paper, these dynamic aspects are investigated.
After a reviewing of the literature on the notion of event, a
formalism suitable for describing events is proposed and the use of
such a formalism in the frame of database applications design
methodology is shown." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 09:08:02 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@manual        ( DEC92,
organization=    "Digital Equipment Corporation" ,
title    =    "{DECmcc-Historical Data Services Use}" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
note    =    "Technical information; order No. AA-PJWPA-TE" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTILHO82,
key    =    "de Castilho et al." ,
author    =    "de Castilho, J. M. V. and Casanova, M. A. and
Furtado, A. L." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for Database Specification" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference
on Very large Data Bases" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "280--291" ,
month    =    "September" ,
)

@techreport    ( DECASTRO93,
key    =    "De Castro et al" ,
author    =    "De Castro, C. and Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. R." ,
title    =    "Interoperability of Heterogeneous Temporal
Relational Databases" ,
number    =    "94" ,
institution=    "C.I.O.C.-C.N.R." ,
address    =    "University of Bologna, Italy" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "Interoperability is concerned with the interaction
of database systems of different kind. In this paper we consider
interoperability between relational databases of different temporal
type. Temporal applications must be allowed to share and exchange
information which are stored in databases without time support
(snapshot), in databases supporting transaction or valid time
(monotemporal) or supporting both time dimensions (bitemporal).
Moreover, the necessity of internal interoperability also arises in a
temporal system which allows the coexistence of relations with
different temporal structures. The temporal natural join is the most
important operation for combining data stored in different relations
and, thus, is also mainly concerned in temporal interoperability
problems. Therefore, a proper variant of algorithms for temporal
natural join is also presented. The variant is based on the
translation of temporally heterogeneous relations into a common format
and on a mechanism of completion of relations which store incomplete
information along some time axis. The process is designed in order to
retrieve the largest amount of certain data and avoid the creation of
spurious information. Semantic and operative problems connected with
the proposals are also discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTRO93A,
key    =    "Decastro et al." ,
author    =    "Decastro, C. and Grandi, F. and Scalas, M.~R." ,
title    =    "Interoperability of Heterogeneous Temporal
Relational Databases" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Entity-Relationship
Approach, December 1993, Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "14" ,
keywords=    "Heterogeneous Databases; Semantic c
Interoperability; Temporal Database; Relational Database; Temporal
Conversion Maps; Incomplete Information; Temporal Natural Join" ,
abstract=    "Interoperability is concerned with the interaction
of database systems of different kinds. In this paper we consider
semantic interoperability between relational databases of different
temporal types. Temporal applications must be followed to share and
exchange information which are stored in databases without time
support (snapshot), in databases supporting transaction or valid time
(monotemporal) or supporting both time dimensions (bitemporal).
Moreover, the necessity for internal interoperability also arises in a
temporal system which allows the coexistence of relations with
different temporal formats. The temporal natural join is the most
important operation for combining data stored in different relations
and, thus, is also mainly concerned in temporal interoperability
problems. Therefore, a suitable variant of algorithms for temporal
natural join is presented. The variant is based on the translation of
temporally heterogeneous relations into a common format and on a
mechanism of completion of relations which store incomplete
information along some time dimension. The process is designed in
order to retrieve the largest amount of certain data and avoid the
creation of spurious information. Semantic and operative issues
connected with the proposal are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 30 17:36:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTRO94,
author    =    "C. DeCastro and F. Grandi and M.~R. Scalas" ,
title    =    "{Management of Schema Versions in Multitemporal
Relational Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2th Italian Conference on
Advanced Database Systems (SEBD)" ,
address    =    "Rimini, Italy" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1994" ,
note    =    "In Italian" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTRO95,
key    =    "DeCastro et al" ,
author    =    "DeCastro, C. and Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. R." ,
title    =    "On Schema Versioning in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "272--294" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:55:22 1995" ,
abstract=    "The support of schema versioning has been
considered only to a limited extent in the literature on temporal
databases. In particular, solutions were proposed so far for the
management along transaction-time of schema versions, to be used as
different interfaces on the same temporal data. In this paper we
investigate the distinct functionalities of new solutions for schema
versioning along valid- and transaction-time in a temporal relational
environment. The support of schema versioning implies operations both
at intensional and extensional levels. Two distinct design solutions
(single- and multi-pool) are presented for the management of
extensional data in the presence of schema versioning. Moreover, a
further distinction is introduced to define synchronous and
asynchronous versioning of data and schemas. The proposed solutions
differ in the semantics and in the possible operations they support.
The mechanisms for the selection of data through a schema version is
strictly related to the particular schema versioning solution, and has
also influences on the data definition and manipulation languages at
user-interface level. We also show how the temporal language TSQL2,
originally designed to support transaction-time schema versioning, can
accordingly be extended." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTRO95A,
author    =    "C. DeCastro and F. Grandi and M.~R. Scalas" ,
title    =    "{Extensional Data Management in Multitemporal
Relational Databases Supporting Schema Versioning}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd Italian Conference on
Advanced Database Systems (SEBD)" ,
address    =    "Ravello, Italy" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "In Italian" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DECASTRO95B,
author    =    "C. DeCastro" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Aspects in Distributed Relational
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DENG95,
key    =    "Deng et al." ,
author    =    "Deng, M. and Sistla, A. P. and Wolfson, O." ,
title    =    "Temporal Conditions with Retroactive and Proactive
Updates" ,
booktitle=    "International Workshop on Active and Real-Time
Database Systems" ,
organization=    "University of Skovde, Sweden" ,
address    =    "Sweden" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 12:06:34 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( DERSHOWITZ90,
key    =    "Dershowitz \& Reingold" ,
author    =    "Dershowitz, N. and Reingold, E. M." ,
title    =    "Calendrical Calculations" ,
journal    =    "spe" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "899--928" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 22 15:19:02 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DEY92,
key    =    "Dey et al." ,
author    =    "Dey, D. and Barron, T. and Storey, V." ,
title    =    "A Well-Specified Temporal Relational Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual International
Conference on Information Systems" ,
address    =    "Dallas, Texas" ,
month    =    "December" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "241--253" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:53:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( DEY95V,
author    =    "Dey, D. and Barron, T.M. and Storey, V.C." ,
title    =    "{A Conceptual Model for the Logical Design of
Temporal Databases}" ,
journal    =    "Decision Support Systems" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DFJ95,
key    =    "Clare Dixon, Michael Fisher, and Rob Johnson" ,
author    =    "Clare Dixon and Michael Fisher and Rob Johnson" ,
title    =    "Parallel Temporal Resolution" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DIETZ87,
key    =    "Dietz \& van Hee" ,
author    =    "Dietz, J. L. G. and van Hee, K. M." ,
title    =    "A Framework for the Conceptual Modeling of
Discrete Dynamic Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "61--81" ,
keywords=    "Systems analysis; conceptual modeling; systems
specification; information system; Universe of Discourse" ,
abstract=    "Universes of Discourse are representatives of the
class of discrete dynamic systems. The complete and precise
description of a Universe of Discourse therefore agrees with the
specification of the structural and behavioral knowledge of a discrete
dynamic system. In this paper a framework is developed for the
specification of discrete dynamic systems, including aggregates of
communicating systems. Ways of knowledge acquisition are discussed,
leading also to the distinction of several typical kinds of systems.
Among them are information systems. Finally, a first order language is
reviewed as a vehicle for expressing knowledge abourt a discrete
dynamic system. The paper concludes with the presentation of some
illustrative examples." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:36:30 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DITTRICH93,
key    =    "Dittrich \& Gatziu" ,
author    =    "Dittrich, K. R. and Gatziu, S." ,
title    =    "Time Issues in Active Database Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:46:44 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DLHC95,
key    =    "Christina Davies, Brian Lazell, Martin Hughes,
Leslie Cooper" ,
author    =    "Christina Davies and Brian Lazell and Martin
Hughes and Leslie Cooper" ,
title    =    "Time is Just Another Attribute - Or At Least, Just
Another Dimension" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "175-193" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@book        ( DOANE66,
key    =    "Doane" ,
author    =    "Doane, D." ,
title    =    "Time Changes in the U.S.A." ,
publisher=    "American Federation of Astrologers, Inc." ,
address    =    "Tempe, AZ" ,
year    =    "1966" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( DOBKIN85,
key    =    "Dobkin \& Munro" ,
author    =    "Dobkin, D. P. and Munro, J. I." ,
title    =    "Efficient Uses of the Past" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Algorithms" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "455--465" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 17 14:58:10 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@techreport    ( DONG86,
key    =    "Dong \& Ginsburg" ,
author    =    "Dong, G. and Ginsburg, S." ,
title    =    "Localizable Constraints for Object Histories" ,
number    =    "TR-86-217" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 13:07:54 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( DORDA89,
key    =    "Dorda" ,
author    =    "Dorda, W. G." ,
title    =    "WAREL; A System for Retrieval of Clinical Data
Considering the Course of Diseases" ,
journal    =    "Meth. Inform. Med." ,
volume    =    "28" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "133--141" ,
keywords=    "Clinical Databases; Synchronization Operators;
Retrieval; Query Methods" ,
abstract=    "Medical Research requires a general survey on
patients' records in order to recognize medical risk factors for
different groups of patients. A clinical data bank with a retrieval
system for specific groups of patients could assist medical research.
The requirements for an evaluation system of clinical data banks are
demonstrated. Stress is laid on the problems of selecting a group of
patients concerning the course of their diseases. The retrieval system
WAREL - WAREL stands for Wiener Allgemeinies Relational-Schema (Vienna
General Relational System) - offers a possible solution to these
problems. Synchronization Operators allow to specify the desired
sequence of single events within the course of an illness. In order to
define the requested course of illness not only units of time (e.g.,
hours or days) can be used but also individual time units (e.g.,
length of individual illness or pregnancy)." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 17 19:54:07 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( DORDA89A,
key    =    "Dorda" ,
author    =    "Dorda, W. G." ,
title    =    "WAREL: A System for Retrieval of Clinical Data
Considering the Course of Diseases" ,
journal    =    "Methods of Information in Medicine" ,
publisher=    "F.K. Schattauer" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "133--141" ,
volume    =    "28" ,
abstract=    "Medical research requires a general survey on
patients' records in order to recognize medical risk factors for
different groups of patients. A clinical data bank with a retrieval
system for specific groups of patients could assist medical research.
The requirements for an evaluation system of clinical data banks are
demonstrated. Stress is laid on the problems of selecting a group of
patients concerning the course of their diseases. The retrieval system
'WAREL' - WAREL stands for Wiener Allgemeines Relationen-Schema
(Vienna General Relational System) - offers a possible solution to
these problems. Synchronization operators allow to specify the desired
sequence of single events within the course of an illness. In order to
define the requested course of illness not only units of time (e. g.,
hours or days) can be used but also individual time units (e. 9.,
length of individual illness or pregnancy). Key-Words: Clinical
Databases, Synchronization Operators, Retrieval, Query Methods" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 13:57:59 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( DOWNS86,
key    =    "Downs et al." ,
author    =    "Downs, S. M. and Walker, M. G. and Blum. R. L." ,
title    =    "Automated Summarization of On-line Medical Records" ,
type    =    "Stanford Memo" ,
number    =    "KSL-86-6" ,
institution=    "Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
note    =    "(to appear MedInfo'86)" ,
abstract=    "The ability to automatically create patient
summaries of arbitrary and appropriate complexity would represent an
important advance. Such summaries would be a useful adjunct to a
patient record for clinical decision making, real-time patient
monitoring, or for surveillance of quality of care. We describe a
design for an automated summarization program to label and summarize
major events in time-oriented medical records of systemic jupus
erythematosus patients. The user interface provides an interactive,
graphic representation of the record with active regions selectable by
the user to display data supporting conclusions or to magnify a region
showing greater detail of the patient record. The program design uses
a hypothetico-deductive algorithm. Disease states are evoked based on
attributes with abnormal values, and the evoked disease frames are
confirmed by matching their templates against the patient record using
a temporal querying syntax. This produces likelihood ratios that are
used for Bayesian updating of the evoked disease states. A knowledge
base of definitions of medical objects and their causal relations
underlies the program. At the time of this writing (November 1985), we
have just begun implementation of the program in Interlisp on Xerox
1108 workstations, using the Knowledge Engineering Environment (KEE).
Results of the implementation will be presented at the meeting." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:34:53 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( DOWTY72,
key    =    "Dowty" ,
author    =    "Dowty, D. R." ,
title    =    "Studies in the logic of verb aspect and time
reference in English" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Linguistics, University of Texas at
Austin" ,
year    =    "1972" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 22:50:27 1983" ,
)

@book        ( DOWTY81,
key    =    "Dowty et al." ,
author    =    "Dowty, D. R. and Wall, R. E. and Peters, S." ,
title    =    "Introduction to Montaque Semantics" ,
publisher=    "D. Reidel Publishing Company" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 26 08:24:00 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( DREYER95,
key    =    "Dreyer et al." ,
author    =    "Dreyer, W. and Dittrich, A. K. and Schmidt, D." ,
title    =    "Research Perspectives for Time Series Management
Systems" ,
type    =    "The CALANDA Time Series Management System" ,
institution=    "UBILAB, Union Bank of Switzerland" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "2--6" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 16:35:46 1996" ,
abstract=    "Empirical research based on time series is a data
intensive activity that needs a data base management system (DBMS). We
investigate the special properties a time series management system
(TSMS) should have. We then show that currently available solutions
and related research directions are not well suited to handle the
existing problems. Therefore, we propose the development of a special
purpose TSMS, which will offer particular modeling, retrieval, and
computation capabilities. It will be suitable for end users, offer
direct manipulation interfaces, and allow data exchange with a variety
of data sources, including other databases and application packages.
We intend to build such a system on top of an off-the-shelf
object-oriented DBMS." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( DREYER95A,
key    =    "Dreyer et al." ,
author    =    "Dreyer, W. and Dittrich, A. K. and Schmidt, D." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Data Model for a Time Series
Management System" ,
type    =    "The CALANDA Time Series Management System" ,
institution=    "UBILAB, Union Bank of Switzerland" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 16:39:19 1996" ,
abstract=    "The analysis of time series is a central issue in
economic research and many other scientific applications. However, the
data management functionality for this field is not provided by
general-purpose DBMS's. Therefore, we propose a data model of a
specialized Time Series Management System (TSMS) which accounts for
these needs. The model is centered around an object-oriented kernel
that offers the classes and value types needed for the target
applications. The model provides base classes for multivariate time
series and for groups as a means to hierarchically partition the time
series space. The system offers a computationally complete data
manipulation language including capabilities to query time series and
groups. An elaborate array model is supported to account for the
functional needs of statistical computations. Furthermore, a
customizable calendar system providing a variety of predefined
calendars is included." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( DREYER95B,
key    =    "Dreyer et al." ,
author    =    "Dreyer, W. and Dittrich, A. K. and Schmidt, D." ,
title    =    "Using the CALANDA Time Series Management Series" ,
type    =    "The CALANDA Time Series Management System" ,
institution=    "UBILAB, Union Bank of Switzerland" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 16:39:58 1996" ,
abstract=    "The analysis of time series in financial and
scientific applications requires database functionality with complex
specialized modeling capabilities and at the same time an easy-to-use
interface. We present the time series management system CALANDA which
combines both, a powerful dedicated data model and an intuitive GUI.
The focus of this paper and the demonstration is to show how CALANDA
is accessed by end users." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DREYER95V,
author    =    "W. Dreyer and A.K. Dittrich and D. Schmidt" ,
title    =    "{Using the CALANDA Time Series Management System}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
pages    =    "489" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "Prototype demo" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DREYER95VB,
author    =    "W. Dreyer and A.K. Dittrich and D. Schmidt" ,
title    =    "{An Object-Oriented Data Model for a Time Series
Management System}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th International Working
Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "James C. French and Hans Hinterberger" ,
pages    =    "186--195" ,
address    =    "Charlottesville, Virginia" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DS93,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Curtis E. Dyreson and Richard T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Valid-time Indeterminancy" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on
Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "335-343" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( DS94,
key    =    "Curtis E. Dyreson, Richard T. Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Curtis E. Dyreson and Richard T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Efficient Timestamp Input and Output" ,
journal    =    "Software Practice and Experience" ,
publisher=    "Wiley" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    jan ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "89-109" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DUDA95,
key    =    "Duda \& Keramane" ,
author    =    "Duda, A. and Keramane, C." ,
title    =    "Structured Temporal Composition of Multimedia Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of The International Workshop on
MMDBMS'95" ,
address    =    "Blue Mountain Lake, NY" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 13:07:31 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DUTTA88,
key    =    "Dutta" ,
author    =    "Dutta, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning in Medical Expert Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on the
Engineering of Computer Based Medical Systems" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
address    =    "Minnesota" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:39:26 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( DVZ95,
key    =    "Alberto Del Bimbo, Enrico Vicario, Daniele Zingoni" ,
author    =    "Alberto Del Bimbo and Enrico Vicario and Daniele
Zingoni" ,
title    =    "Symbolic Description and Visual Querying of Image
Sequences Using Spatio-Temporal Logic" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    aug ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "609-622" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON92,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Time-stamp Semantics and Representation" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "33" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
pages    =    "27" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 31 20:53:33 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON92C,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Time-stamp Semantics and Representation" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "33" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "Revised May" ,
pages    =    "41" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 31 20:53:33 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON92D,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Time-stamp Semantics and Representation" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR 92-16a" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
pages    =    "41" ,
abstract=    "Many database management systems and operating
systems provide support for time values. At the physical level time
values are known as {\it time-stamps\/}. A time-stamp has a {\it
physical realization\/} and a {\it temporal interpretation\/}. The
physical realization is a pattern of bits while the temporal
interpretation is the meaning of each bit pattern, that is, the time
each pattern represents. All previous proposals defined time-stamps in
terms of seconds. However, as we show, there are at least seven
definitions of this fundamental time unit. We propose a more precise
temporal interpretation, the {\it base-line clock\/}, that constructs
a time-line by using different well-defined clocks in different
periods. We also propose time-stamp formats for events, intervals, and
spans. These formats can represent all of time to the granularity of a
second, and all of recorded history to a finer granularity of a
microsecond. Our proposed formats were designed to be more space and
time efficient than existing representations. We compare our formats
with those used in common operating systems and database management
systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( DYRESON93B,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Timestamp Semantics and Representation" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "18" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "143--166" ,
abstract=    "Many database management systems and operating
systems provide support for time values. At the physical level time
values are known as {\it timestamps\/}. A timestamp has a {\it
physical realization\/} and a {\it temporal interpretation\/}. The
physical realization is a pattern of bits while the temporal
interpretation is the meaning of each bit pattern, that is, the time
each pattern represents. All previous proposals defined timestamps in
terms of seconds. However, as we show, there are at least seven
definitions of this fundamental time unit. We propose a more precise
temporal interpretation, the {\it base-line clock\/}, that constructs
a time-line by using different well-defined clocks in different
periods. We also propose timestamp formats for events, intervals, and
spans. These formats can represent all of time to the granularity of a
second, and all of recorded history to a finer granularity of a
microsecond. Our proposed formats were designed to be more space and
time efficient than existing representations. We compare our formats
with those used in common operating systems and database management
systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON93C,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Efficient Timestamp Operations" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR 93-01" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
pages    =    "40" ,
abstract=    "" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON93D,
key    =    "Dyreson et al." ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Jensen, C.
S." ,
title    =    "On the Semantics of ``Now'' in Temporal Databases" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "42" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "April" ,
pages    =    "22" ,
abstract=    " ``Now'' is a distinguished timestamp value used
by many temporal data model proposals. In this paper, we examine the
different semantics given this familiar term, and propose two new
timestamp values, a {\it determinate now-relative value} and an {\it
indeterminate now-relative value}, that more accurately capture the
semantics of ``now.'' We discuss query language constructs,
representation, and query processing strategies for such values. Both
the valid-time and transaction-time dimensions are considered. We
demonstrate that these values incur no storage overhead and nominal
additional query execution cost. The related concepts of ``infinite
future'' and ``infinite past'' are also considered." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 15 20:53:33 1993" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( DYRESON93G,
key    =    "Dyreson" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C." ,
title    =    "A Proposed Timestamp Format" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:44:15 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( DYRESON93H,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Efficient Timestamp Input/Output" ,
journal    =    "spe" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "80--109" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 18 15:20:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94A,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Granularity and Indeterminacy: Two Sides
of the Same Coin" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR 94-06" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "Feb." ,
pages    =    "28" ,
abstract=    " Granularity is an integral feature of all
temporal data. For instance, a person's age is commonly given to the
granularity of years and the time of their next airline flight to the
granularity of minutes. Indeterminacy, or don't know when information,
is a companion to granularity. A birthday, given to the granularity of
days, does not reveal precisely when a person was born, only that they
were born sometime during the indicated day. We define a granularity
as a calendar-dependent partitioning of the time-line. Pairs of
granularities are related in that some granularities are finer or
coarser with respect to other granularities. A granularity lattice
records all the relationships between granularities, even among
granularities in different calendars. A time at a given granularity is
indeterminate at all finer granularities. We extend the syntax and
semantics of SQL-92 to support mixed granularities. This support rests
on two operations, scale and align, that move times within the
granularity lattice, e.g., from days to months. We demonstrate that
our solution is practical by outlining an efficient implementation.
The implementation uses several optimization strategies to mitigate
the expense of accommodating multiple granularities. " ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94C,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The TSQL2 Baseline Clock" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:02 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94D,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "A Timestamp Representation for TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94E,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Granularity in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94F,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Indeterminacy in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94G,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The Data Model for Time" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON94I,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The TSQL2 Data Model for Time" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:36:43 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( DYRESON95B,
key    =    "Dyreson et al." ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Freiman,
M." ,
title    =    "Efficiently Supporting Temporal Granularities in a
DBMS" ,
number    =    "TR 95/07" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, James Cook
University of North Queensland" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:49:01 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inbook        ( DYRESON95C,
key    =    "Dyreson et al." ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Soo, M. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The Data Model for Time" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Press" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
chapter    =    "6" ,
pages    =    "97--101" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 13 06:04:52 1995" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inbook        ( DYRESON95D,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Granularity" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Press" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
chapter    =    "19" ,
pages    =    "347--383" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 13 06:06:40 1995" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@incollection    ( DYRESON95V1,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "C.~E. Dyreson and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "The Baseline Clock" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "5" ,
pages    =    "77--96" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( DYRESON95V2,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "C.~E. Dyreson and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Temporal Indeterminacy" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "18" ,
pages    =    "327--346" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( DYRESON95V3,
key    =    "Dyreson \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "C.~E. Dyreson and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "A Timestamp Representation" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "25" ,
pages    =    "475--499" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( EASTON85,
key    =    "Easton" ,
author    =    "Easton, M. C." ,
title    =    "Key-Sequence Data Sets on Indelible Storage" ,
type    =    "Research Report" ,
number    =    "RJ 4778 (50637)" ,
institution=    "IBM Research Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
abstract=    "Methods for creating and maintaining key-sequence
data sets without overwriting the storage medium are described. These
methods may be applied to erasable or to write-once storage devices,
and are compatible with conventional device error management
techniques. All past values of data records are preserved in a data
structure called a Write-Once B-Tree. Rapid random access is available
to records by key value; rapid sequential access is as of a previous
time are processed as rapidly as requests for current data. Access
time is proportional to the logarithm of the number of current records
in the database. Efficient methods for inserting, updating, and
deleting records are described. Upper bounds for tree depth and for
storage consumption are given and compared with results from
simulation. It is concluded that with rapidly improving storage
technologies, indelible databases will become practical for many
applications." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 21 13:55:43 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ECKLUND87,
key    =    "Ecklund et al." ,
author    =    "Ecklund, D. J. and Ecklund, E. F. and Eifrig, R.
O. and Tonge, F. M." ,
title    =    "DVSS: A Distributed Version Storage Server for CAD
Applications" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brighton, England" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "443--454" ,
abstract=    "The Distributed Version Storage Server (DVSS)
provides an underlying storage mechanism for a CAD-oriented data
model. DVSS supports such project management features as version
histories, alternate data versions, and multi-reader multi-writer
access control in a heterogeneous network of workstations and
filesavers. Each design object is managed as a rooted directed acyclic
graph (DAG) of versions. At any time, one path in an object's DAG is
designated as its principal path; the current version in the principal
path is the current version of the object. Other paths contain
alternate versions of the object. Updates to any version path must be
serializable, but derivation of alternate versions is not subject to
this constraint. Clients interact with DVSS using the checkout/checkin
paradigm. Each object has a primary site, which synchronizes actions
on the object. Group operations requiring multiple locks follow a
deadlock avoidance scheme. DVSS is robust in that it supports
multi-reader and multi-writer data access in the presence of failures.
Traditional data replication supports continued read access.
Write-write conflicts resulting from continued write access during
network partition are resolved at recovery time by creation of
alternate versions. The cost of resolution is minimized by employing a
unilaterally computable algorithm at each site." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 19 10:53:38 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDARA93,
key    =    "Edara \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Edara, M. and Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "Updates and Incremental Recomputation of Active
Relational Expressions in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:46:25 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@unpublished    ( EDELWEISS,
key    =    "Edelweiss et al." ,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Pernici, B. and Oliveira, J. P.
M. and Castilho, J. M. V." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Temporal Model" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Feb 25 13:10:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS92,
key    =    "Edelweiss et al." ,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Pernici, B. and de Oliveira, J.
and de Castilho, J." ,
title    =    "Extending an Object Oriented Model to Represent
Temporal Requirements" ,
address    =    "Santiago, Chile" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference of the SCCC" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
month    =    "October" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "11--25" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:34:40 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS92A,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Pernici, B. and Oliveira, J.P.M.
and Castilho, Josi M. V." ,
title    =    "{Um Modelo Temporal Orientado a Objetos}" ,
booktitle=    "Seminario Integrado da Sociedade Brasileira de
Computacao" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
address    =    "Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil" ,
publisher=    "SBC" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "Sept. 29 - Oct. 2," ,
pages    =    "166-177" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
abstract=    "Office information systems requirements
specification can be done using an object-oriented data model. The
dynamic characteristics representation like the office objects
evolution require the possibility of representing temporal properties.
This papers main concern is to extend an object-oriented data model,
the F-ORM model [DeAntonellis 91], to support temporal aspects. To
represent temporal information, four different modeling concepts are
defined: (1) a set of temporal data types and their associated
function and operation, to be used in properties definition; (2)
timestamps associated to instances and to dynamic properties; (3) a
special null value for properties values outside the validity periods;
and (4) temporal condition added to rules, written in a temporal logic
language. The resulting model may be used to represent both
transaction and valid times." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS92B,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M. and Castilho,
J.M.V. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "{Especificacao de Requisitos: Utilizando um Modelo
Temporal Orientado a Objetos}" ,
booktitle=    "Simposio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Software" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
address    =    "Gramado, RS Brazil" ,
publisher=    "Porto Alegre: Instituto de Informatica/UFRGS" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "Nov. 4-6," ,
pages    =    "213-228" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
abstract=    "Object-oriented approaches have appropriate
characteristics for requirements specifications. An application's
dynamic characteristics representation requires the possibility of
representing temporal properties, not well explored in object-oriented
methods. In this paper the main concern is to present the extensions
made on an Object- Oriented Model, the F-ORM model [DeAntonellis 91]
to support temporal aspects. The resulting model may be used to
represent transaction and valid times, using timestamps and a temporal
logic language. A set of temporal data types and their associate
operations." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS93,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Castilho, J.M.V. and Oliveira,
J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Logic Language for Temporal Conditions
Definition}" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference of the Chilean Computer
Science Society" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
address    =    "La Serena, Chile" ,
publisher=    "Santiago: University of Chile" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "Oct. 14-16," ,
pages    =    "163-178" ,
abstract=    "Temporal object-oriented data models can be used
to specify behavioral requirements of information systems. The TF-ORM
data model, aimed at the specification of dynamic and static database
state transition constraints, is analyzed in this paper. A temporal
logic language is used to express conditions attached to the two type
of rules contained in the data model: state transition rules and
integrity rules. These conditions can be used to represent temporal
constraints respectively on the database's state transitions and
current state. This paper's main concern is the definition of the
language to be used in the conditions' construction." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS93A,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{Definicao e Manipulacao de Objetos atraves de um
Modelo de Dados Temporal}" ,
booktitle=    "Seminario Integrado de Software e Hardware" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
address    =    "Florianopolis, SC, Brazil" ,
publisher=    "SBC" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "Sept. 7-10," ,
pages    =    "226-240" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
abstract=    "Object-oriented temporal data models can be used
as information systems specification methods. Complex structures are
needed to represent the applications. The TF-ORM model is analyzed in
this paper. Using this model, an object can present several different
roles at the same time; it can also present simultaneously several
instances of the same role. The manipulation language needs the
definition of reference mechanisms to handle the different class and
role instances. Static and dynamic integrity rules are represented in
the model using the manipulation language. The classes methods are
represented in TF-ORM through messages. The manipulation language can
also be used to define these methods. An environment for information
systems' specification was developed to validate the defined aspects." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS93B,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira ,J.P.M. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "{An Object-Oriented Temporal Model}" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Advanced Information
Systems Engineering - CAISE'93" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
address    =    "Paris, France" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag (Lecture Notes in Computer
Science, 685)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    jun ,
pages    =    "397-415" ,
abstract=    "The representation of complex objects and
behaviors (state transitions) in information systems is a central
issue in software engineering. In an information system, supported by
a conventional database, the only available state is the set of
present values. The object's behavior is controlled by integrity
constrains defining only the valid states. Almost all the
representation of the dynamic evolution is lost in the traditional
modeling process. In this paper the main concern is to present the
extensions made on an Object- Oriented Model, the F-ORM model [11] to
expand the representation of the object's evolution and to support the
temporal aspects involved. Temporal object-oriented models can be used
to specify behavioral requirements of information systems. Four
different modeling concepts are defined to represent temporal
information: (i) a set of temporal data types and their associated
functions, to be used in properties' definitions; (ii) time stamps
associated to instances and to dynamic properties; (iii) a special
null value for attribute values outside the validity period; and (iv)
temporal conditions added to rules, written in a temporal logic
language. An example showing the use of the Temporal F- ORM is
developed. " ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS93C,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{Representacao Interna de um Banco de Dados para
Suportar o Modelo Temporal F-ORM}" ,
booktitle=    "Simposio Brasileiro de Banco de Dados" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
address    =    "Campina Grande, PA, Brazil" ,
publisher=    "SBC" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    may ,
pages    =    "297-311" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
abstract=    "One of the methods to specify information systems
requirement is the definition of a data model supported by a database
system. The representation of information systems in a more realistic
form requires the use of temporal data models. The use of a
specification tool can be very useful when specifying an information
systems. This work presents the internal model used to implement a
system that supports systems' specification. It uses the Temporal
F-ORM model, a temporal object-oriented model. The system supports the
reuse of specifications through the manipulation of a class library." ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@book        ( EDELWEISS94,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{Modelagem de Aspectos Temporais de Sistemas de
Informacao}" ,
publisher=    "UFPE-DI" ,
address    =    "Recife, PE, Brazil" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    jul ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( EDELWEISS94A,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N." ,
title    =    "{Sistemas de Informacao de Escritorios: um Modelo
para Especificacoes Formais}" ,
school    =    "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto
Algre, Brazil" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "June" ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS94C,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M. and Castilho,
J.M.V. and Peressi, E. and Montanari, A. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "{T-ORM: Temporal aspects in objects and roles" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS95,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Castilho, J.M.V. and Oliveira,
J.P.M." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Aspects of Conceptual Schema Evolution}" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference of the Chilean Computer
Science Society" ,
volume    =    15 ,
address    =    "Arica, Chile" ,
year    =    1995 ,
month    =    nov ,
pages    =    "187-197" ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDELWEISS95A,
author    =    "Edelweiss, N. and Oliveira, J.P.M. and Castilho,
J.M.V." ,
title    =    "{Evolucao de Esquemas em Bancos de Dados
Temporais}" ,
booktitle=    "XXII Simposio Brasileiro de Software e Hardware -
XXII SEMISH, XXI Conferencia Latino-Americana de Informatica - PANEL95" ,
address    =    "Canela, Brazil" ,
publisher=    "Instituto de Informatica - UFRGS" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "July 31 - August 4," ,
pages    =    "375-386" ,
note    =    "In Portuguese" ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EDRH93,
key    =    "Barry Eaglestone, Geoff Davis, Mick Ridley, Nigel
Hulley" ,
author    =    "Barry Eaglestone and Geoff Davis and Mick Ridley
and Nigel Hulley" ,
title    =    "Implementation of a Version Model for Artists
using Extended Relational Technology" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th British National
Conference on Databases (BNCOD)" ,
pages    =    "258-276" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    jul ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 696" ,
address    =    "Keele, U.K." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EGS94,
author    =    "O. Etzion and A. Gal and A. Segev" ,
title    =    "{Retroactive and Proactive Database Processing}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Fourth International Workshop on
Research Issues in Data Engineering (RIDE): Active Database Systems" ,
pages    =    "126-131" ,
editor    =    "J. Widom and S. Chakravarthy" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
month    =    feb ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EHRICH84,
key    =    "Ehrich et al." ,
author    =    "Ehrich, H. and Lipeck, U. and Gogolla, M." ,
title    =    "Specification, Semantics and Enforcement of
Dynamic Database Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
pages    =    "301--308" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:53:03 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( EHRMANN92,
key    =    "Ehrmann" ,
author    =    "Ehrmann, H." ,
title    =    "Time for a new data-type -- A new data-type for
time" ,
institution=    "?" ,
address    =    "Wehr/Baden, Germany" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
pages    =    "20" ,
abstract=    "A lot of time could be saved in the
design-process, the implementation and the running of
database-applications if only the DBMSs available on the market would
offer a proper data-type for data of the type 'time-interval'. The
following treatise wants to o explain the problems when dealing with
data of the type 'time-interval', o describe the functions/operations
on data of the type 'time-interval' and, to reduce worries about the
performance, gives o a short description of a possible index-structure
supporting that data-type." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Feb 25 13:02:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@techreport    ( EKLAND84,
key    =    "Ekland \& Price" ,
author    =    "Ekland, E. and Price, D." ,
title    =    "Multiple Version Management of Hypothetical
Databases" ,
institution=    "Oregon State University" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:40:59 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( EL-ASSAB90,
key    =    "El-Assab" ,
author    =    "El-Assab, I." ,
title    =    "Query Language Constructs for Temporal Databases" ,
school    =    "Dept. of Computer Science, University of Houston" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 22:16:16 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( ELGOT-DRAPKIN91,
key    =    "Elgot--Drapkin \& Perlis" ,
author    =    "Elgot--Drapkin, J. and Perlis, D." ,
title    =    "Reasoning situated in time I: basic concepts" ,
journal    =    "J. Expt. Theor. Artif. Intell." ,
publisher=    "Taylor \& Francis" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "75--98" ,
keywords=    "commonsense reasoning, default reasoning,
time-situated reasoning" ,
abstract=    "The needs of a real-time reasoner situated in an
environment may make it appropriate to view error-correction and
non-monotonicity as much the same thing. This has led us to formulate
situated (or step) logic, an approach to reasoning in which the
formalism has a kind of real-time self-reference that affects the
course of deduction itself. Here we seek to motivate this as a useful
vehicle for exploring certain issues in commonsense reasoning. In
particular, a chief drawback of more traditional logics is avoided:
from a contradiction we do not have all wffs swamping the (growing)
conclusion set. Rather, we seek potentially inconsistent, but
nevertheless useful, logics where the real-time self-referential
feature allows a direct contradiction to be spotted and corrective
action taken, as part of the same system of reasoning. Some specific
inference mechanisms for real-time default reasoning are suggested,
notably a form of introspection relevant to default reasoning. Special
treatment of `now' and of contradictions are the main technical
devices here. We illustrate this with a computer-implemented real-time
solution to R. Moore's {\em Brother Problem}." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Apr  7 17:11:20 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI90,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Wuu, G. and Kim, Y." ,
title    =    "The Time Index - An Access Structure for Temporal
Data" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brisbane, Australia" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:50:04 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI90A,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and El-Assal, I. and Kouramajian, V." ,
title    =    "Semantics of Temporal Data in an Extended ER Model" ,
booktitle=    "9th International Conference on
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Lausanne, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 15:30:58 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI90B,
key    =    "Elmasri \& Wuu" ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Wuu, G." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Model and Query Language for ER
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
pages    =    "76--83" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:50:58 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI91,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Kim, Y.-J. and Wuu, G. T. J." ,
title    =    "Efficient Implementation Techniques for the Time
Index" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Seventh International
Conference on Data Engineering" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "102--111" ,
abstract=    "In a previous paper, we describe a new indexing
technique, the time index, for improving the performance of certain
classes of temporal queries. In this paper, we propose three
variations for implementing the time index efficiently. We compare the
performance of these three variations with the performance of the
original time index described in [EK90]. We discuss the various
parameters that affect the time index performance, such as average
lifetime of a version, average number of versions per object, block
size and block clustering, and query time interval length. Simulation
results show how these parameters affect the performance of the
various implementation variations for the time index. " ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI92,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Jaseemuddin, M. and Kouramajian,
V." ,
title    =    "Partitioning of Time Index for Optical Disks" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
address    =    "Phoenix, AZ" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "574--583" ,
abstract=    "Temporal databases provide a complete history of
all changes to a database, and include the times when changes
occurred. This permits users to query the current state of the
database, as well as past states, and even future states that are
planned to occur. Large amounts of data will need to be stored and
mangaged in such an environment. In this paper, we design a storage
model for temporal databases that accommodates large amounts of
temporal data. The model supports efficient search for object versions
based on temporal conditions, using a time index. We define a new
access structure, the monotonic B+-tree, this is suitable for
implementing a time index for append-only temporal databases. The
storage model uses a combination of magnetic disks and write-once
optical disks to keep current, past, and even future states of a
database on-line and readily accessible. It provides an automatic
archiving of both object versions and time index blocks to optical
disks." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  8 11:01:36 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI92A,
key    =    "Elmasri \& Kouramajian" ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Kourmajian, V." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Query Language Based on Conceptual
Entities and Roles" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on the Entity
Relationship Approach" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, Germany" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 16 11:56:20 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( ELMASRI93A,
key    =    "Elmasri et al" ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R., Wuu, G. and Kouramajian, V." ,
title    =    "The Time Index and the Monotonic B+ Tree" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "18" ,
pages    =    "433--456" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 10 00:38:57 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( ELMASRI93B,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Kouramajian, V. and Guntor, R." ,
title    =    "Access Structures and Search Methods for Temporal
Databases" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Engineering, University of Texas
at Arlington" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:43:49 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( ELMASRI93C,
key    =    "Elmasri et al." ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Wuu, G. and Kouramajian, V." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Model and Query Language for EER
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "9" ,
pages    =    "212--229" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:13:09 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI93D,
key    =    "Elmasri \& Kouramajian" ,
author    =    "Elmasri, R. and Kouramajian, V." ,
title    =    "Indexing, Searching and Archiving Issues in
Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:45:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ELMASRI93E,
author    =    "Ramez Elmasri and Vram Kouramajian and Shian
Fernando" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Database Modeling : An Object-Oriented
Approach}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
year    =    1993 ,
month    =    nov ,
pages    =    "574 - 585" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EMERSON89,
key    =    "Emerson et al." ,
author    =    "Emerson, E. A. and Sistla, A. P. and Srinivasan,
J." ,
title    =    "Quantitative Temporal Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on Automatic
Verification Methods for Finite State Systems" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 15:45:28 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EPOP94,
key    =    "Nina Edelweiss, Josi Palazzo M. de Oliveira,
Barbara Pernici" ,
author    =    "N. Edelweiss and J. Oliveira and B. Pernici" ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Approach to a Temporal Query
Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 856" ,
pages    =    "225-235" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
abstract=    "Time constraints and the temporal dimension are an
essential aspect in many real world systems, like cooperative work and
industrial production systems. Traditional database systems support
these features only through application programs. The recent tendency
consists of representing the temporal aspects in the database schema
and in the corresponding query language and supporting them directly
in the DBMS. In this paper the different aspects of adding the
temporal dimension in an object-oriented dat a model are analyzed and
a classification scheme is proposed for the types of possible queries.
Based on this classification, a query language for the object-oriented
TF-ORM data model is presented and discussed in detail. In TF-ORM,
both transaction and valid times are associated to data, and the query
language is used to retrieve information about the database current
valid information, about past valid values, and about past histories." ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( ETZION92,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Active Database Model" ,
number    =    "LBL 32587" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "31" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents a temporal active database
model. It assumes an append-only database where changes can occur to
data, meta-data, rules, and constraints. The changes can be immediate,
retroactive, or proactive, and specify transaction time, valid time,
and decision time. The active database model supports derived data,
and therefore, a transaction can lead to a sequence of derived
transactions. The paper develops a temporal transaction model for the
consistent execution of such transactions." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 27 22:38:48 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ETZION92B,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Temporal Support in Active Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second International Workshop
on Technologies and Systems (WITS)" ,
address    =    "Dallas. Texas" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:54:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ETZION93,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Temporal Active Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:56:09 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ETZION93B,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "On Rules in Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "LBL-34062" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:47:23 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ETZION93C,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Rule and Transaction Processing in Temporal Active
Databases" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:49:23 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ETZION93D,
key    =    "Etzion et al." ,
author    =    "Etzion, O. and Gal, A. and Segev A." ,
title    =    "Data Driven and Temporal Rules in PARDES" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on Rules in Databases" ,
address    =    "Edinburgh, Scotland" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 17 19:42:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( EUZENAT95,
key    =    "Jerome Euzenat" ,
author    =    "Jerome Euzenat" ,
title    =    "An algebraic approach to granularity in time
representation" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( FAGAN80,
key    =    "Fagan" ,
author    =    "Fagan, L. M." ,
title    =    "VM: Representing Time-Dependent Relations in A
Medical Setting" ,
school    =    "Stanford University" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Mar  5 10:04:21 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( FALKENBERG74,
key    =    "Falkenberg" ,
author    =    "Falkenberg, E. D." ,
title    =    "Time-handling in data base management systems" ,
number    =    "07/1974" ,
institution=    "University of Stuttgart" ,
address    =    "Stuttgart, Germany" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1974" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@techreport    ( FALKENBERG91,
key    =    "Falkenberg et al." ,
author    =    "Falkenberg, E. D. and J. H. L. Oei and H. A.
Proper" ,
title    =    "A Conceptual Framework for Evolving Information
Systems" ,
number    =    "91-13" ,
institution=    "University of Nijmegen" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "May" ,
pages    =    "1--19" ,
keywords=    "Evolution of information systems, Schema
evolution, temporal information systems, Histroical information
systems." ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we will treat evolving information
systems, which support the information needs of an evolving
orgamization. Such a system is able to change at the same pace as the
organization does, such that there is no deed to interrupt the
activities of the organization. Such a system supports changes of all
time- and application-defendent aspects. We will present a conceptual
framework of an approach to evolving information systems. The
architecture of such a system will be explained, where we will make
disctinctions between meta model and application model, and between
world, action and behavioural aspects of these models. Furthermore,
evolution management of application model will be discussed, whereby
update is regarded as recording, correction or forgetting, and whereby
state transitions are considered on three different levels, viz. the
organizational level, the recording level and thecorrection level. A
formal spceification of this approach to evolution management will be
provided too." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug  6 17:11:46 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FALKENBERG92,
key    =    "Falkenberg92" ,
author    =    "Falkenberg, E. D. and J. L. H. Oei and H. A.
Proper" ,
title    =    "Evolving Information Systems: Beyond Temporal
Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Aug  9 18:05:20 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FALOUTSOS95,
key    =    "Faloutsos " ,
author    =    "Christos Faloutsos " ,
title    =    "Indexing Multimedia Databases (Tutorial)" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
pages    =    "467" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( FALOUTSOS96SIGNATURE,
author    =    "Christos Faloutsos and H.V. Jagadish and Alberto
Mendelzon and Tova Milo" ,
title    =    "A Signature Technique for Similarity-Based Queries" ,
year    =    1996 ,
institution=    "AT&T Bell Laboratories" ,
)

@techreport    ( FAUVET91,
key    =    "Fauvet" ,
author    =    "Fauvet, M. C." ,
title    =    "Modelling and Managing Versions and Histories in
an Object Oriented Environment" ,
number    =    "Aristote RAP015" ,
institution=    "Aristote Project" ,
address    =    "University of Grenoble, Grenoble, France" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FAUVET92,
key    =    "Fauvet" ,
author    =    "Fauvet, M. C." ,
title    =    "Generating Object-Oriented Applications with
Versions and Histories" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Information Systems
and Management of Data (CISMOD'92)" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "35--53" ,
abstract=    "The Aristote model offers high level concepts to
take into account the needs of new complex applications. The designer
uses it to specify its application, and the Aristote generator
produces its application programs running on the target database. Most
of the time, the application designers use high level concepts which
are not offered by the target database. Hence, it is necessary to
develop tools as application generators. Such tools are used to
translate the specifications of an application, given with high level
associations between informations, software engineering concepts
(structured modules for instance), into the application implementation
running on the target database. We present in this paper the
functionalities of Aristote concerning history and version. The
database designer has to declare which objects evolve through
versions. Which concepts are not offered by current systems, but they
are necessary in more and more applications. We propose a version and
history model and the associated basic functionalities to manipulate
such versions and histories." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun  9 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FERG85,
key    =    "Ferg" ,
author    =    "Ferg, S." ,
title    =    "Modeling the Time Dimension in an
Entity-Relationship Diagram" ,
booktitle=    "4th International Conference on the
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
publisher=    "Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Silver Spring, MD" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "280--286" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Mar  3 13:50:14 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FIADEIRO87,
key    =    "Fiadeiro \& Sernadas" ,
author    =    "Fiadeiro, J. and Sernadas, A." ,
title    =    "Behavioral Aspects of Intelligent Knowledgebased
Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "81--99" ,
keywords=    "Logic; systems specification; logical analysis;
behavioral modelling; knowledgebase prototyping" ,
abstract=    "Behavior knowledge representation and temporal
inference mechanisms in clausal frameworks are discussed having in
mind the development of intelligent information systems. Such systems
should be capable of deciding how to react to changes occurring in the
environment and of supporting analysis on their own behavior by
inferring on a set of beliefs structured in a clausal knowledgebase.
Tools leading to the modular enrichment of the knowledgebase with
knowledge about update and triggering behavior are presented. Emphasis
is put on the envisaged structure of the knowledgebase for supporting
higher level functions like introspection and explanation." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:44:49 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FINDLER71,
key    =    "Findler \& Chen" ,
author    =    "Findler, N. and Chen, D." ,
title    =    "On the problems of time retrieval, temporal
relations, causality, and coexistence" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Imperial College" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1971" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 22:55:07 1983" ,
)

@article    ( FINGER92,
key    =    "Finger" ,
author    =    "Finger, M." ,
title    =    "Handling Database Updates in Two-Dimensional
Temporal Logic" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:23:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( FINGER92B,
key    =    "Finger \& Gabbay" ,
author    =    "Finger, M. and Gabbay, D." ,
title    =    "Adding a Temporal Dimension to a Logic System" ,
journal    =    "J. of Logic, Language, and Information" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 22:34:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@book        ( FITZPATRICK90,
key    =    "Fitzpatrick" ,
author    =    "Fitzpatrick, G." ,
title    =    "International Time Tables" ,
publisher=    "The Scarecrow Press" ,
address    =    "London" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 29 10:12:47 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FOTOUHI92A,
key    =    "Fotouhi et al." ,
author    =    "Fotouhi, F. and Shah, A. and Grosky, W. I." ,
title    =    "TOS: A Temporal Object System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International
Conference on Computing and Information" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "352--356" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 15:35:43 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FOTOUHI92B,
key    =    "Fotouhi et al." ,
author    =    "Fotouhi, F. and Shah, A. and Grosky, W. I." ,
title    =    "Complex Objects in the Temporal Object System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE Post ICCI Conference" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "381--384" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 15:37:17 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( FOTOUHI94V,
author    =    "Fotouhi, F. and Ahmad, I. and Grosky, W. I. and
Shah, A. A." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Object System (TOS)}" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Database Management" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "3--14" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( FRANK94,
author    =    "A.U. Frank" ,
title    =    "{Qualitative Temporal Reasoning in GIS-ordered
time scales}" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Geo-Information, Technische Univ." ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( FRASER87A,
key    =    "Fraser" ,
author    =    "Fraser, J." ,
title    =    "Time the Familiar Stranger" ,
publisher=    "Tempus Books" ,
address    =    "Redmond, WA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FRAZIER93V,
author    =    "Frazier, G. F." ,
title    =    "{An Incremental Algorithm for Building Temporal
Quadtrees}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on
Computer Science (CSC)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "446--452" ,
address    =    "Indianapolis, IN" ,
month    =    feb ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( FRIES72,
key    =    "Fries" ,
author    =    "Fries, J." ,
title    =    "Time-oriented Patient Records and A Computer
Databank" ,
journal    =    "Journal of the American Medical Association" ,
volume    =    "222" ,
number    =    "12" ,
month    =    "December" ,
year    =    "1972" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:44:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FRM94,
key    =    "Faloutsos, Ranganathan \& Manolopoulos" ,
author    =    "Christos Faloutsos and M. Ranganathan and Yannis
Manolopoulos" ,
title    =    "Fast Subsequence Matching in Time-Series Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "Minneapolis, MN" ,
pages    =    "419-429" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( FUJITANI84,
key    =    "Fujitani" ,
author    =    "Fujitani, L." ,
title    =    "Laser Optical Disk: the Coming Revolution in
On-Line Storage" ,
journal    =    "cacm" ,
volume    =    "27" ,
number    =    "6" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "546--554" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Mar  2 16:44:12 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FULLER93,
author    =    "Fuller, D. A. and Mujica, S. T. and Pino, J. A." ,
title    =    "{The Design of an Object-Oriented Collaborative
Spreadsheet with Version Control and History Management}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied
Computing" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "416--423" ,
address    =    "Indianapolis, IN" ,
month    =    feb ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( FURTADO86,
key    =    "Furtado \& Neuhold" ,
author    =    "Furtado, A. L. and Neuhold, E. J." ,
title    =    "Formal Techniques for Database Design" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:34:51 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( FURTADO90,
key    =    "Furtado and Casanova" ,
author    =    "Furtado, A. and Casanova, M." ,
title    =    "Plan and Schedule Generation over Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "9th International Conference on
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Lausanne, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 15:26:43 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( GABBAY87,
key    =    "Gabbay" ,
author    =    "Gabbay, D." ,
title    =    "Modal and Temporal Logic Programming" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Logics and Their Applications" ,
publisher=    "Academic Press" ,
address    =    "London" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:34:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( GABBAY89,
key    =    "Gabbay" ,
author    =    "Gabbay, D." ,
title    =    "The Declarative Past and Imperative Future,
Temporal Logic in Specification: Altrincham Workshop 1987" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
series    =    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
volume    =    "398" ,
pages    =    "409--448" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:49:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GABBAY91,
key    =    "Gabbay \& McBrien" ,
author    =    "Gabbay, D. and McBrien, P." ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic and Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:15:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA84A,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "A Homogeneous Relational Model and Query Languages
for Temporal Databases" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
abstract=    "In a conventional database, out of date
information is deleted from time to time to keep the database
up-to-date. In some applications it is not appropriate to discard old
information. In a temporal database time values are associated with
each data item to indicate it's period of validity. We propose a model
for temporal databases within the framework of classical relational
database theory. Our model is homogeneous in the sense that the
periods of validity of all the attributes in a given tuple of a
temporal relation are identical. We do not restrict horizontal formats
of temporal relations. The model is realized as a temporal
parametrization of static relations. The concepts of normal forms,
dependencies, etc. are easily extended to our model, allowing the
proper initial structuring of the database. We develop relational
algebra and tuple calculus for our model and prove their equivalence.
We discuss several extensions and open problems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 14:39:41 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GADIA85A,
key    =    "Gadia \& Vaishnav" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Vaishnav, J. H." ,
title    =    "A Query Language for a Homogeneous Temporal
Database" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
pages    =    "51--56" ,
abstract=    "A query language, called HIQUEL, is presented for
a model for temporal databases proposed by the first author. Time is
represented as a sequence of discrete instants. The approach brings
temporal databases within the classical framework of relational
databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 11 15:33:41 1985" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA85B,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Toward Completeness of Temporal Databases" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
note    =    "Unpublished manuscript" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 14:42:10 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA85C,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "A Suitable Tuple Calculus as a Foundation for
Homogeneous Temporal Databases" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
note    =    "Unpublished manuscript" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 14:44:00 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GADIA86A,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Toward a Multihomogeneous Model for a Temporal
Database" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
volume    =    "IEEE Computer Society Order Number 655" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
pages    =    "390--397" ,
abstract=    "In a conventional database, out of date
information is deleted from time to time to keep the database
up-to-date. In some applications it is not appropriate to discard old
information. In a temporal database, time values are associated with
each data item to indicate its period of validity. We propose a model
for temporal databases within the framework of classical relational
database theory. Our basic model is homogeneous in the sense that the
periods of validity of all the attributes in a given tuple of a
temporal relation are identical. The model is realized as a temporal
parameterization of static relations. The concepts of normal forms,
dependencies, etc., can be extended to our model, allowing the proper
initial structuring of the database. We develop relational algebra and
tuple calculus for our model and prove their equivalence. We
generalize the homogeneous model to a multihomogeneous model which
allows us to model a significant part of the real world." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Mar 30 16:42:56 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GADIA86B,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Weak Temporal Relations" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
organization=    "ACM SIGAct-SIGMod" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Mar 30 16:44:41 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA86C,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Theoretical Basis for Efficient Implementation of
Temporal Databases" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
note    =    "Unpublished manuscript" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 14:45:11 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA86D,
key    =    "Gadia \& Yeung" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Yeung, C.~S." ,
title    =    "A Heterogeneous Relational Algebra with Powerful
Selection and Join Operators for Temporal Databases" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
note    =    "Unpublished manuscript" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 14:47:10 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GADIA86E,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "Temporal Element as a Primitive for Time in
Temporal Databases and its Application in Query Optimization" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
note    =    "An abstract in the Proceeding of the 1986 ACM
Computer Sciences Conference" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 24 14:21:10 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( GADIA87,
key    =    "Gadia and Yeung" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Yeung, C." ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Languages and the First Normal Form" ,
institution=    "Iowa State University" ,
address    =    "Ames, IA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
pages    =    "1--23" ,
abstract=    "The literature in relational temporal databases
can be divided into two broad categories: the approaches which use 1nf
relations, and the approaches which use non 1nf relations, to model
and query a temporal database. We feel that the first normal form
approach has some inherent weaknesses. We define a non first normal
form tuple calculus, called TCAL, and give a semantics of TQUEL, the
most prominent 1nf query language, in TCAL. We also prove that TQUEL
is weaker than TCAL. Through several examples, we illustrate that TCAL
is more user friendly than TQUEL." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 14:17:36 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GADIA88A,
key    =    "Gadia \& Yeung" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Yeung, C.~S." ,
title    =    "A Generalized Model for a Relational Temporal
Database" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Chicago, IL" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "251--259" ,
abstract=    "We propose a generalized relational model for a
temporal database which allows time stamping with respect to a Boolean
algebra of multidimensional time stamps. The interplay between the
various temporal dimensions is symmetric. As an application, a two
dimensional model which allows objects with real world and transaction
oriented time stamps is discussed. The two dimensional model can be
used to query the past states of the database. It can also be used to
give a precise classification of the errors and updates in a database,
and is a promising approach for querying these errors and updates." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 24 15:15:53 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@article    ( GADIA88B,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "A Homogeneous Relational Model and Query Languages
for Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
publisher=    "acm" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
volume    =    "13" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "418--448" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Sep 13 11:14:50 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@article    ( GADIA88C,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "The Role of Temporal Elements in Temporal
Databases" ,
journal    =    "Data Engineering" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "19--25" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 17 00:18:50 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( GADIA89,
key    =    "Gadia \& Yeung" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Yeung, C.~S." ,
title    =    "A Tuple Calculus for Temporal Databases and Its
Comparison with TQUEL" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 24 15:31:10 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@article    ( GADIA91,
key    =    "Gadia \& Yeung" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and C.-S. Yeung" ,
title    =    "Inadequacy of Interval Timestamps in Temporal
Databases" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
volume    =    "54" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "1 -- 22" ,
abstract=    "In a temporal database, teh value of an attribute
is timestamped to indicate its period of validity in the real world.
Two data types for timestamps have evolved: an interval, and a finite
union of intervals called a temporal element. The use of intervals as
timestamps splits the history of an object a cross several first
normal form (1nf) tuples, but the use of temporal elements allows the
entire history of an object to be captured into a single non-anf
tuple. According to the form of the tuple thus obtained, the two
approaches may be called the 1nf approach and the non-1nf approach. We
believe that the latter approach is superior. The query language
TQUEL, based upon the 1nf approach, is perhaps the most well known of
all temporal query languages. The make a comparison between the two
approaches, we introduce a non-1nf tuple calculus, called TCAL, and
compare it with TQUEL. We show that the retrieve statement of TQUEL is
weaker than its counterpart in TCAL. We also argue that TQUEL is not
as user friendly as TCAL. Our remarks also apply to other temporal
query languages, such as TSQL, where time timestamps are intervals." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 31 15:52:52 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@techreport    ( GADIA92,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K." ,
title    =    "A Seamless Generic Extension of SQL for Querying
Temporal Data" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR-92-02" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Iowa State University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "54" ,
keywords=    "temporal databases, SQL, SQL standard, query
languages, relatinal databases, aggregates, subqueries, valid time,
transaction time, user defined time, valid time database, transaction
time database, bitemporal database, temporal data, static data,
snapshot data." ,
abstract=    "There has been considerable research in tmporal
databases in the last decade leading to seemingly divergent views. We
use weak temporal relations introduced in our earlier works to bridge
the gap between some of these approaches. In addition we also
integrate static and snapshot data to allow suche data to coexist with
temporal data seamlessly. This is achieved by viewing static and
snapshot data as special cases of temporal data. SQL is also
seamlessly extended to capture the new semantics. The counterpart of
the classical user sees no change in his/her interaction with the
database or SQL. A smooth transition from the classical snapshot
database to temporal databases would be possible for industry without
requiring their customers to lose their investment in application
programs." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 10 16:05:38 1992" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@techreport    ( GADIA92F,
key    =    "Gadia \& Nair" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S. K. and Nair, S." ,
title    =    "McKenzie-Snodgrass Type Evaluation of an Algebra
for Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "TR-92-20" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Iowa State University" ,
address    =    "Ames, IA" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 21:33:16 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( GADIA93B,
key    =    "Gadia" ,
author    =    "Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "Ben-Zvi's Pioneering Work in Relational Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "8" ,
pages    =    "202--207" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:09:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GADIA93C,
key    =    "Gadia \& Bhargava" ,
author    =    "Gadai, S. K. and Bhargava, G." ,
title    =    "SQL-like Seamless Query of Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:47:31 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GAL94,
key    =    "Gal \& Etzion" ,
author    =    "Gal, Avigdor and Etzion, Opher" ,
title    =    "A Multi-Agent Update Process in a Database with
Temporal Dependencies and Schema Versioning" ,
institution=    "Technion---Israel Institute of Technology" ,
address    =    "Haifa, Israel" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
keywords=    "Temporal databases; Active database systems;
Update process" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we present a multi-agent update
process in a database with temporal data dependencies and schema
versioning. We use a dependency graph to ensure an update process with
minimal update operations. We also use temporal agents to enable
parallelism in the update process. The combination of these constructs
provides a control mechanism that ensures the correctness of the
update process. In this paper we concentrate on the roles' assignment
for each agent based on temporal partitioning, and on the message
passing among the agents." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 29 20:19:19 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GAL94A,
author    =    "A. Gal and O. Etzion" ,
title    =    "{A Parallel Execution Model for Updating Temporal
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on
Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems, (PDCS)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Las Vegas, Nevada" ,
month    =    oct ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GAL95V,
author    =    "A. Gal and O. Etzion" ,
title    =    "{Handling Change Management using Temporal Active
Repositories}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Object-Oriented and
Entity-Relationship Modelling Conference (OO-ER)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "M.P. Papazoglou" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1021" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Gold Coast, Australia" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( GALTON87,
key    =    "Galton" ,
author    =    "Galton, A. (ed.)" ,
title    =    "Temporal Logics and Their Applications" ,
publisher=    "Academic Press" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:28:03 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GANCARSKI95,
author    =    "S. Gancarski and G. Jomier and M. Zamfiroiu" ,
title    =    "{A Framework for the Manipulation of a
Multiversion Database}" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( GARCIA82,
key    =    "Garcia \& Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Garcia-Molina, H. and Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "Read-Only Transactions in a Distributed Database" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "209--234" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:42:49 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GARDARIN84A,
key    =    "Gardarin et al" ,
author    =    "Gardarin, G. and Simon, E. and Verlaine, L." ,
title    =    "Querying real time relational data bases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE-ICC International
Conference" ,
address    =    "Amsterdam" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "757--761" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov  7 15:24:19 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GARNICK87,
key    =    "Garnick et al." ,
author    =    "Garnic, D. K. and Cohen, A. T. and Sowisral, H. A." ,
title    =    "Timestamping in Virtual Time Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "225--239" ,
keywords=    "Distributed system; virtual time; coordination;
Time Warp" ,
abstract=    "We describe the category of distributed systems
called virtual time systems. Virtual time systems synchronize their
processes with artificial time scales. We develop a classification of
such systems based on two parameters of the temporal component of
their coordination mechanisms. The parameters are (a) the monotonicity
of the time scale, and (b) the visibility of the time units. We
introduce a highly general non-monotonic time scale for the ordering
of events in concurrent computations. Finally, we present the Time
Warp mechanism as a paradigm for the kernel of virtual time systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 14:02:10 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GBT93,
author    =    "Simon J. Gibbs and Christian Breiteneder and
Dennis Tsichritzis " ,
title    =    "{Audio/Video databases: an object-oriented
approach}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 9th International Conference on
Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
pages    =    "381-390" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GBT94,
key    =    "Gibbs, Breiteneder \& Tsichritzis" ,
author    =    "Simon J. Gibbs and Christian Breiteneder and
Dennis Tsichritzis " ,
title    =    "Data Modeling of Time-Based Media " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "Minneapolis, MN" ,
pages    =    "91-102" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GD93,
author    =    "S. Gatziu and K. R. Dittrich" ,
title    =    "Events in an Active Object-Oriented Database
System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on
Rules in Database Systems (RIDS)" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Edinburgh, Scotland" ,
editor    =    "Norman W. Paton and M. Howard Williams" ,
pages    =    "23-39" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GEHANI92,
key    =    "Gehani et. al." ,
author    =    "Gehani, N. and Jagadish, H. V. and Shumueli, O." ,
title    =    "Composite Event Specification in Active Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GEHANI92B,
key    =    "Gehani et al." ,
author    =    "Gehani, N. and Jagadish, H. V. and Shmueli, O." ,
title    =    "Event Specification in an Active Object-Oriented
Database" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "81--90" ,
address    =    "San Diego, CA" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 20:59:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GEHANI93,
key    =    "Gehani et al." ,
author    =    "Gehani, N. and Jagadish, H. V. and Mumick, I. S.
and Shmueli, O." ,
title    =    "Temporal Queries for Active Database Support" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:01:57 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( GEORGAKOPOULOS92,
key    =    "Georgakopoulos et al." ,
author    =    "Georgakopoulos, D. and M. Rusinkiewicz and W.
Litwin" ,
title    =    "Chronological Scheduling of Transactions with
Temporal Dependencies" ,
journal    =    "VLDB Journal" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 23:46:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GER95,
key    =    "Inma Guzman, Manuel Enciso, and Carlos Rossi" ,
author    =    "Inma Guzman and Manuel Enciso and Carlos Rossi" ,
title    =    "Just one approach for several temporal logics in
Computing: the topol ogical semantics" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( GERMANO73,
key    =    "Germano et al." ,
author    =    "Germano, F. and Weyl, S. and Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "Stanford University (TOD) User Manual" ,
number    =    "Stanford University Note TDUA-2" ,
institution=    "Stanford" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1973" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 26 08:43:42 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GERTZ95,
key    =    "Gertz \& Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Gertz, M. and Lipeck, U. W." ,
title    =    "'Temporal' Integrity Constraints in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "77--92" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 14:13:18 1995" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we consider a class of integrity
constraints which describe admissible lifecycles of database objects,
and which can be specified by transition graphs. We present an
algorithmic scheme for monitoring such constraints in temporal
databases which efficiently support the concept of valid-time. The
keys to efficient monitoring lie in storing lifecycle situations with
respect to constraints, in utilizing the property of graphs being
iteration-invariant, and in using basic operations of temporal
databases to determine validity intervals. In particular, we give
hints how to extend monitoring to transactions that involve
retroactive and proactive modifications." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GEVERINI94,
author    =    "A. Geverini and L. Schubert and S. Schaeffer" ,
title    =    "{The Temporal Reasoning Tools TimeGraph I-II}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International
Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "513-520" ,
month    =    nov ,
address    =    "New Orleans, LA" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GHALLAB89,
key    =    "Ghallab \& Alaoui" ,
author    =    "Ghallab, M. and Alaoui, A." ,
title    =    "Managing Efficiently Temporal Relations Through
Indexed Spanning Trees" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of IJCAI" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 12:12:28 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GHNST94,
key    =    "Scott D. Goodwin, Howard Hamilton, Eric Neufeld,
Abdul Sattar, Andre Trudel" ,
author    =    "Scott D. Goodwin and Howard Hamilton and Eric
Neufeld and Abdul Sattar, Andre Trudel" ,
title    =    "Belief Revision in a Discrete Temporal
Probability-Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GHUNG95,
author    =    "J.Y. Chung" ,
title    =    "{Scalable Parallel Query Server for Decision
Support}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 11th International Conference on
Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "186-187" ,
month    =    mar ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG84A,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "Interval Queries on Object Histories" ,
number    =    "TR-84-302" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
abstract=    "In an earlier paper, the authors introduced a
record-based data model for describing historical data for objects
(here called `object histories'). The major construct in the model is
a `computation-tuple sequence scheme' (abbreviated CSS), which
specifies the set of all possible `valid' object histories for the
same type of object. The purpose of the present paper is to introduce
the notion of `interval queries' on object histories and to explore a
certain closure property. (Interval queries are those queries which
return an interval (history) from a given object history.) In
particular, conditions are provided under which an interval query
applied to object histories described by one CSS yields, as its
answer, the set of all object histories which can be described by
another CSS." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 20 12:08:07 1984" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG84B,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tang" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tang, C." ,
title    =    "Projection of Object Histories" ,
number    =    "TR-84-311" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
abstract=    "In an earlier paper, one of the authors introduced
a record-based data model for describing historical data for objects
(here called `object histories'). The major construct in the model is
a computation-tuple sequence scheme (abbreviated CSS) which specifies
the set of all possible `valid' object histories for the same type of
object. In a follow-up article, the effect of interval queries was
examined. In the present research, the effect of projections on object
histories is studied. Specifically, the topic under investigation here
is when the projection of the set of all valid object histories
described by one CSS is the set of all valid object histories
described by some other CSS. Among the results obtained are a
necessary and sufficient condition, as well as a practical sufficiency
condition." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 20 12:12:07 1984" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GINSBURG84C,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "Interval Queries on Object Histories: Extended
Abstract" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "208--217" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 13:12:30 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG85A,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Gyssens" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Gyssens, M." ,
title    =    "Object Histories which Avoid Certain Subsequences" ,
number    =    "TR-85-318" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 13:10:05 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( GINSBURG86,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "Computation-Tuple Sequences and Object Histories" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "186--212" ,
abstract=    "A model is introduced for describing data for
`object histories' (with computation) such as checking accounts,
credit-card accounts, taxes, schedules, etc. The model consists of
sequences of computation-tuples defined by a computation-tuple
sequence scheme (abbreviated CSS). The CSS has three major features to
it (in addition to input data): computation (involving previous
computation-tuples), `uniform' constraints (whose satisfaction by a
computation-tuple sequence u implies satisfaction by every interval of
u), and specific sequences with which to start the valid
computation-tuples sequences. A special type of CSS, called `local',
is singled out for its relative simplicity in maintaining the validity
of a computation-tuple sequence. A necessary and sufficient condition
for a CSS to be equivalent to at least one local CSS is given.
Finally, the notion of `local bi-simulatability' is introduced for
regarding two CSS as conveying the same information, and two results
on local bi-simulatability in connection with local CSS are
established." ,
annote    =    "The emphasis is on defining properties of various
CSS's. There is little overlap with temporal databases, in either
formalism or in questions of concern." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 20 12:04:04 1984" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG86B,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tang" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tang, C." ,
title    =    "Cohesion of Object Histories" ,
number    =    "TR-86-212" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 13:16:52 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG87,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Kurtzman" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Kurtzman, S." ,
title    =    "Spreadsheet and Object-History P-Simulation" ,
number    =    "CRI-87-45" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "1--37" ,
abstract=    "In a previous paper, one of the authors introduced
a record-based model for describing object histories. The model
consists of sequences of computation tuples defined by a
computation-tuple sequence scheme-CSS. The CSS specifies computational
relationships which hold between the tuples in a sequence. Another
structure using computational relationships to connect computation
tuples in a sequence is the well-known spreadsheet. This paper
presents a formal description of spreadsheets and spreadsheet
histories, and compares the relative expressive capabilities of the
two types of histories. It then examines the condition under which two
CSS or two spreadsheet history schemes represent the same information
by ``projection'' simulation." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 20 14:25:41 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( GINSBURG87A,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Tian" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Tian, D." ,
title    =    "Input-Dependent-Only Object Histories" ,
number    =    "CRI-87-46" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "1--36" ,
abstract=    "In an earlier paper, one of the authors introduced
a record-based model for describing historical data for objects-here
called ``object histories''. The primary construct in the model is a
computation- tuple sequence scheme-abbreviated CSS-which specifies the
set of all ``valid'' object histories for the same type of object. Now
one of the components in a CSS is a finite set of constraints on
object histories. In scanning some real-life object histories, it was
noticed that some constraints involve only the ``input'' part of the
histories. The importance of this type of constraint is that in
updating an object history, the satisfication of the constraint by the
new history can be checked in parallel with, rather than after, the
computation about the new history. In the present paper, this notion
of input-dependent-only-IDO- constraint is abstracted and CSS in which
each constraint is IDO are studied. Among the results obtained are the
following: 1-Necessary and sufficient conditions, as well as a
practical sufficiency condition for a set of object histories
described by an arbitrary CSS to be described by another CSS having
only IDO constraints, i.e., when a given CSS is IDO-representable or
r-extended IDO-representable; and 2- Unsolvability results related to
IDO constraints and the IDO representability for CSS." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 20 14:31:43 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( GINSBURG87B,
key    =    "Ginsburg \& Gyssens" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S. and Gyssens, M." ,
title    =    "Object Histories Which Avoid Certain Subsequences" ,
journal    =    "Information and Computation" ,
volume    =    "73" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "174--206" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Nov  8 11:33:31 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( GINSBURG93,
key    =    "Ginsburg" ,
author    =    "Ginsburg, S." ,
title    =    "Object and Spreadsheet Histories" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "12" ,
pages    =    "271--293" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:16:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( GINSBURGSW93,
title    =    "Content Related Interval Queries on Object
Histories" ,
author    =    "Seymour Ginsburg and Dan Simovici and Xiaoyang
Wang" ,
pages    =    "30--67" ,
journal    =    "Information and Computation" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    1993 ,
volume    =    103 ,
number    =    1 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GL95,
key    =    "Michael Gertz, Udo W. Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Michael Gertz and Udo W. Lipeck" ,
title    =    "Temporal Integrity Constraints in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "77-92" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GM95,
key    =    "Roman Gross and Robert Marti" ,
author    =    "Roman Gross and Robert Marti" ,
title    =    "A Constraint Database System for Temporal
Knowledge" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GNT94,
key    =    "Scott D. Goodwin, Eric Neufeld, Andre Trudel" ,
author    =    "Scott D. Goodwin and Eric Neufeld and Andre Trudel" ,
title    =    "The Persistence of Statistical Information" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GOBLE94V,
author    =    "C.A. Goble and P. Crowther" ,
title    =    "{Schemas for Telling Stories in Medical Records}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Extending Da tabase Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "Matthias Jarke and Janis Bubenko and Keith Jeffery" ,
pages    =    "393-406" ,
address    =    "Cambridge, U.K." ,
month    =    mar ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 779" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GOH92,
key    =    "Goh et al." ,
author    =    "Goh, C. H. and H. Lu and B.-C. Ooi" ,
title    =    "A New Paradigm for Indexing Temporal Data" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
note    =    "Submitted to the ACM SIGMOD Conference" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 22:16:51 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@book        ( GOLDBLATT87A,
key    =    "Goldblatt" ,
author    =    "Goldblatt, R." ,
title    =    "Logics of Time and Computation" ,
publisher=    "Center for the Study of Language and Information" ,
address    =    "Stanford, CA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
series    =    "CSLI Lecture Notes" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
isbn    =    "0-937073-12-1" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 13 15:50:49 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GOLDIN95SIMILARITY,
author    =    "Dina Q. Goldin and Paris C. Kanellakis" ,
title    =    "On Similarity Queries for Time-Series Data:
Constraint Specification and Implementation" ,
year    =    1995 ,
month    =    sep ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on
Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP'95)" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 976" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Cassis, France" ,
)

@article    ( GOLDRING93,
key    =    "Goldring" ,
author    =    "Goldring, R." ,
title    =    "An Introduction to Time-series Data" ,
journal    =    "Information DB" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "22--25" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 22:57:02 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GOLSHANI83A,
key    =    "Golshani et al." ,
author    =    "Golshani, F. and Maibaum, T. S. E. and Sadler, M.
R." ,
title    =    "A Modal System of Algebras for Database
Specification and Query/Update Language Support" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Florence, Italy" ,
editor    =    "Schkolnick, M. and Thanos, C." ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "331--339" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:28:35 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( GOLSHANI94,
author    =    "F. Golshani and N. Dimitrova" ,
title    =    "{Retrieval and Delivery of Information in
Multimedia Database Systems}" ,
journal    =    "Information and Software Technology" ,
year    =    1994 ,
volume    =    "36" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    apr ,
pages    =    "235-242" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GORALWALLA91,
key    =    "Gorwalla \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Goralwalla, I. and Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Relational Database Management System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium
on Computer and Information Sciences" ,
address    =    "Antalya, Turkey" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "75--83" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 22:30:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GORALWALLA92,
key    =    "Gorwalla \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Goralwalla, I. and Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Relational Database Management System" ,
institution=    "Bilkent University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 22:32:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GORALWALLA92B,
key    =    "Gorwalla \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Goralwalla, I. and Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Performance Evaluation of Temporal Relational
Databases" ,
institution=    "Bilkent University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 22:33:49 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GORALWALLA93,
key    =    (Goralwalla \& \"{O}zsu) ,
author    =    (Goralwalla, I. and \"{O}zsu, M. T.) ,
title    =    "Temporal Extensions to a Uniform Behavioral Object
Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Dallas, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:06:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GORALWALLA93B,
key    =    (Goralwalla \& \"{O}zsu) ,
author    =    (Goralwalla, I. and \"{O}zsu, M. T.) ,
title    =    "Temporal Extensions to a Uniform Behavioral Object
Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:06:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GORALWALLA94,
title    =    "An Empirical Study of the Performance of Temporal
Relational Databases" ,
author    =    (Goralwalla,I.A. and Tansel, A. and M. T. {\"O}zsu) ,
institution=    "University of Alberta" ,
number    =    "TR 94-15" ,
month    =    nov ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( GORALWALLA95,
title    =    "A Uniform Behavioral Temporal Object Model" ,
author    =    (I. A. Goralwalla and Y. Leontiev and M. T.
{\"O}zsu and D. Szafron) ,
institution=    "University of Alberta" ,
number    =    "TR 95-13" ,
month    =    jul ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GOT95,
key    =    "Goralwalla, Ozsu \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "A Goralwalla and M. Tamer Ozsu and A. U.Tansel" ,
title    =    "Experimenting with Temporal Relational Databases I" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
address    =    "Baltimore, MD" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "296-303" ,
month    =    nov ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@book        ( GOUDSMIT86,
key    =    "Goudsmit \& Claiborne" ,
author    =    "Goudsmit, S. and Claiborne, R." ,
title    =    "Time" ,
publisher=    "Time Inc." ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1966" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GOYAL92,
key    =    "Goyal et al." ,
author    =    "Goyal, P. and Qu, Y.-Z. and Sadri, F." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Object Model" ,
booktitle=    "Research and Practical Issues in Databases.
Proceedings of the 3rd Australian Database Conference" ,
address    =    "Melbourne, Victoria, Austrialia" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "36--50" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:29:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GRANDI91,
key    =    "Grandi et al." ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "A History-Oriented Data View and Operation
Semantics for Temporal Relational Databases" ,
number    =    "79" ,
institution=    "CIOC-CNR" ,
address    =    "Bologna, Italy" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "January" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 10:45:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GRANDI91B,
key    =    "Grandi \& Scalas" ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M." ,
title    =    "HoTQuel: A History-Oriented Temporal Query
Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th IEEE Compeuro" ,
address    =    "Bologna, Italy" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 10:47:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GRANDI91C,
key    =    "Grandi et al" ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. R. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "A primitive for recording the content of PRO-COM
messages in temporal data bases." ,
booktitle=    "5th Prometheus Workshop" ,
address    =    "Munich, Germany" ,
month    =    "October" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "127--141" ,
abstract=    "The exchange of messages is one of the most
important activities in PRO-COM networks. The information circulating
between the nodes of the Prometheus communication system is of an
intrinsic temporal nature and requires automatic recording in a
temporal data base. The recording operation is more complicated than
in traditional data bases because it often requires the revision of
part of the information previously stored, rather than a simple data
insertion. In this paper we provide the definition of a generalized
recording primitive, which acts as an interface between the units
which exchange messages and the Temporal Data Base Management System.
The operation is based on temporal semantics, which takes care of the
correct recording of the message content. The main issues concerning
the description and implementation of the message acquisition
primitive are extensively discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GRANDI93,
key    =    "Grandi et al." ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "A History-oriented Data View and Operation
Semantics for Temporal Relational Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:53:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( GRANDI93B,
key    =    "Grandi et al" ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. R. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "History and Tuple Variables for Temporal Query
Languages" ,
number    =    "93" ,
institution=    "C.I.O.C.-C.N.R. and D.E.I.S." ,
address    =    "University of Bologna, Italy" ,
month    =    "January" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "Standard relational query languages provide range
variables whose values are tuples and which are used to denote objects
(entities or relationships). Snapshot relational databases represent
an object by means of a tuple, whereas temporal relational databases
represent an object by means of a collection of time-stamped tuples
with the same key value. Temporal extensions of query languages
proposed so far are also provided with range variables whose values
are still tuples and so can no longer denote objects, but time-stamped
object versions. In this paper we denote as history the set of all the
tuples with the same key value in a relation and propose the
introduction of two new kinds of range variables : history variables
which have histories as values and denote objects and tuple variables
which have tuples as values and denote object versions. We also
illustrate temporal extensions to SQL with these two types of
variables. Some examples show how history and tuple variables can
improve a temporal language and therefore we propose that they should
be part of a common infrastructure for temporary query languages." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@unpublished    ( GRANDI93C,
key    =    "Grandi et al" ,
author    =    "Grandi, F. and Scalas, M. R. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "A History-oriented Data View and Operation
Semantics for Temporal Relational Databases (Revised)." ,
year    =    "1993" ,
note    =    "Submitted for publication" ,
abstract=    "Several data models and query languages have been
proposed in order to capture the time dimension in databases. Many
studies have derived extensions of the standard relational model which
add time-information at tuple-level and result in the primary key no
longer being unique. In this paper we introduce the concept of history
as the set of all the tuples with the same key value in a temporal
relation and propose a history-oriented extension of the relational
model. Furthermore, we propose operations for inquirying and updating
temporal data based on a history-oriented selection method. In
particular, a new recording operation is introduced to allow the easy
storage of historical information in a temporal database. This
operation substitutes the classical relational append, delete and
replace (insert, delete, update) and does not require the user to know
the contents of the database. The history-oriented temporal query
language HoTQuel brings the history-oriented data view to user
interface level and supports the recording operation. The semantics of
HoTQuel is also formalized in this paper." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GRANDI95,
author    =    "F. Grandi and M.R. Scalas and P. Tiberio" ,
title    =    "{A History-oriented Temporal SQL Extension}" ,
booktitle=    "The Second International Workshop on Next
Generation Information Technologies and Systems (NGITS)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Naharia, Israel" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( GRL94,
key    =    "Gad Dimitrios Georgakopoulos, Marek Rusinkiewicz,
Witold Litwin" ,
author    =    "Dimitrios Georgakopoulos and Marek Rusinkiewicz
and Witold Litwin" ,
title    =    "Chronological Scheduling of Transactions with
Temporal Dependencies" ,
journal    =    "The VLDB Journal" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    jan ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "1-28" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GROSS95V,
author    =    "Roman Gross and Robert Marti" ,
title    =    "{Managing Temporal Knowledge Using a Deductive
Constraint Database System}" ,
booktitle=    "Datenbanksysteme in Buro, Technik und Wissenschaft
(BTW)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Georg Lausen" ,
pages    =    "423--440" ,
address    =    "Dresden, Germany" ,
month    =    mar ,
organization=    "Informatik Aktuell" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
note    =    "In German" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GUERTIN95,
key    =    "Margo Guertin" ,
author    =    "Margo Guertin" ,
title    =    "Generating Explanations with the Help of Temporal
Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( GUINOT88,
key    =    "Guinot \& Seidelmann" ,
author    =    "Guinot, B. and Seidelmann, P. K." ,
title    =    "Time scales: their history, definition and
interpretation" ,
journal    =    "Astronomy \& Astrophysics" ,
volume    =    "194" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "304--308" ,
abstract=    "TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GUKAL95V,
author    =    "S. Gukal and E. Omiecinski and U. Ramachandran" ,
title    =    "{An Efficient Transient Versioning Method}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 13th British National
Conference on Databases, (BNCOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Carole A. Goble and John A. Keane" ,
pages    =    "155--171" ,
address    =    "Manchester, U.K." ,
month    =    jul ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 940" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( GUNADHI88,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Physical Design of Temporal Databases" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
number    =    "LBL-24578" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 18 16:56:50 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@techreport    ( GUNADHI89,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Framework for Query Optimization in Temporal
Databases" ,
number    =    "LBL-26417" ,
institution=    "School of Business Administration and Computer
Science Research, Lawrence Berkeley Labs" ,
address    =    "University of California, Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "1--23" ,
abstract=    "We investigate the issue of processing temporal
data in the relational context, using tuple-versioning as the form of
relational representation. New operators are necessary in order to
answer many types of temporal queries, and we define and discuss three
main types of temporal joins: time-union, time-intersection, and the
event-join. Factors that affect access path selection are
investigated, with special emphasis on the problem of temporal
selectivity estimiation. Strategies for optimizing temporal equijoins,
which falls under the class of time-intersection joins, are evaluated." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr  7 11:38:25 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@techreport    ( GUNADHI89A,
key    =    "Gunadhi et al." ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A. and Shantikumar, G." ,
title    =    "Selectivity Estimation in Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "LBL-27435" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:10:50 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( GUNADHI89B,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Query Processing Algorithms for Temporal
Intersection Joins" ,
number    =    "LBL-28587" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:38:03 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GUNADHI89D,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Framework For Query Optimization In Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Fifth International Conference on Statistical and
Scientific Database Management Systems" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
abstract=    "We investigate issues pertaining to query
processing of temporal databases in a relational environment.
Tuple-versioning of relations is the adopted method of temporal data
representation. New operators are necessary in order to exploit the
richer semantics of temporal queries. We define four types of temporal
joins -- theta-join, time intersection, time union and the event-join.
Factors that affect processing strategies are discussed, especially
the problem of estimating data selectivity for various temporal
operations. Strategies for implementing the temporal equijoin operator
are evaluated." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 08:46:59 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( GUNADHI89E,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Efficient Indexing Methods for Temporal Relations" ,
institution=    "University of California, Lawrence Berkeley
Laboratories" ,
number    =    "LBL-28798" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 26 08:54:58 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GUNADHI90,
key    =    "Gunadhi and Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Framework for Query Optimization in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Fifth International Conference on Statistical and
Scientific Database Management" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
pages    =    "131--147" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:45:03 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( GUNADHI90A,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
title    =    "A Framework for Query Optimization in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
pages    =    "131--147" ,
volume    =    "420" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:35:21 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( GUNADHI91,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Query Processing Algorithms for Temporal
Intersection Joins" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Kobe, Japan" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:37:27 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( GUNADHI93,
key    =    "Gunadhi \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Gunadhi, H. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Efficient Indexing Methods for Temporal Relations" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "496--509" ,
keywords=    "Temporal databases; indexing; physical
organization; query processing" ,
abstract=    "The size of temporal databases and the semantics
of temporal queries pose challenges for the design of efficient
indexing methods, and propose several structures and algorithms for
specific cases. We develop indexing methods for time based queries,
queries on the surrogate or time-invariant key and time, and temporal
attribute and time. In the latter case, we present several methods by
which to partition the time-line, in order to balance the distribution
of tuple-pointers within the index. We analyze our methods against
alternatives, and present appropriate empirical results." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 17:11:57 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( GUSTAFSSON82,
key    =    "Gustafsson et al." ,
author    =    "Gustafsson, M. and Karlsson, T. and Bubenko, J. A." ,
title    =    "A Declarative Approach to Conceptual Information
Modeling" ,
booktitle=    "Information System Design Methodologies - A
Comparative Review" ,
publisher=    "North Holland Pub. Co." ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:29:14 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( GUYNES94V,
author    =    "Guynes, J. L. and Lai, V. S. and Kuilboer, J.P." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Databases: Model Design and
Commercialization Prospects}" ,
journal    =    "Database" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "25" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    aug ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HADDAWAY95,
key    =    "Peter Haddawy" ,
author    =    "Peter Haddawy" ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning with Context-Sensitive
Probability Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( HAGHIGHI89,
key    =    "Haghighi \& Son" ,
author    =    "Haghighi, N. and Son, S. H." ,
title    =    "Multiple Data Versions in Database Systems" ,
number    =    "TR-89-01" ,
institution=    "University of Virginia" ,
address    =    "Charlottesville, Virginia" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "1--44" ,
abstract=    "A prototyping environment is a valuable tool for
evaluating new techniques and design alternatives for database systems
prior to the actual implementation of the system. Using such a
prototype tool, the characteristics and possible performance benefits
of maintaining multiple data versions with time-stamp based scheduling
are investigated. In addition, the characteristics of a database
system employing a multiversion concurrency control mechanism in a
real-time environment are explored. This research is focused on how
the availability of multiple data versions may be used in order to
better meet the timing constraints of the system. A scheduling
algorithm which incorporates the consideration of the temporal
requirements in its scheduling decisions is presented." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr 26 20:00:47 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HAINAUT92,
key    =    "Hainaut" ,
author    =    "Hainaut, J. L." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Statistical Model for
Entity-Relationship Schemas" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
on the Entity Relationship Approach" ,
organization=    "University of Karlsruhe" ,
address    =    "Germany" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 12 23:12:34 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@article    ( HAJNICZ89,
key    =    "hajnicz" ,
author    =    "Hajnicz, E." ,
title    =    "Absolute Dates and Relative Dates in an
Inferential System on Temporal Dependencies Between Events" ,
journal    =    "International Journal on Man-Machine Studies" ,
volume    =    "30" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "537--549" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:00:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( HAJNICZ90,
key    =    "Hajnicz" ,
author    =    "Hajnicz, E." ,
title    =    "Role of the Present in Temporal Representation in
Artificial Intelligence" ,
journal    =    "International Journal on Man-Machine Studies" ,
volume    =    "32" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "263--274" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:02:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HALL91,
key    =    "Hall \& Gupta" ,
author    =    "Hall, G. and Gupta, R." ,
title    =    "Modeling Transition" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Seventh International
Conference on Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Kobe, Japan" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "540--549" ,
abstract=    "It is argued that the dynamics of an application
domain is best modeled as patterns of change in the entities that make
up the domain. An abstraction mechanism for semantic data models is
described which represents the transition of domain entities among
entity classes. The model of transitions is related to a general
computational formalism with well-understood properties. It is shown
that the transition abstraction mechanism facilitates the accurate
conceptual modeling of the static nature of the domain, assists in the
design of database transactions, enables certain kinds of inference,
and leads to the ability of a database to actively respond at a high
level to low level updates of the data it contains." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Nov 30 11:13:57 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HALL92,
key    =    "Hall \& Gupta" ,
author    =    "Hall, G. and Gupta, R." ,
title    =    "An Abstraction Mechanism for Modeling Generation" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference
on Data Engineering (to appear)" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
address    =    "Phoenix, AZ" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
abstract=    "An abstraction mechanism for modeling the
generation of entities from other entities is presented. It is shown
to be useful for representing a wide range of generative processes
including those which are reversible, spontaneous and involve multiple
inputs and outputs. The mechanism is related to an earlier defined
abstraction mechanism which represents the transitional behaviour of
existing entities. The model of generation is described in terms of an
operational formalism with well-understood properties." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Nov 30 11:15:56 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( HALPERN91,
key    =    "Halpern \& Shoham" ,
author    =    "Halperm, J. and Shoham, Y." ,
title    =    "A Propositional Modal Logic of Time Intervals" ,
journal    =    "jacm" ,
volume    =    "38" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "935--962" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:56:28 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HAMMER78A,
key    =    "Hammer \& McLeod" ,
author    =    "Hammer, M. and McLeod, D." ,
title    =    "The Semantic Data Model: A Modeling Mechanism for
Database Applications" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
address    =    "Austin, Texas" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "26--36" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:17:32 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HAREL90,
key    =    "Harel et al" ,
author    =    "Harel, E. and Lichtenstein, O. and Pnueli, A." ,
title    =    "Explicit-clock Temporal Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE Symposium on Logic
in Computer Science" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
)

@article    ( HARITSA93,
author    =    "J.R. Haritsa and M.O. Ball and N. Roussopoulos and
A. Datta and J.S. Baras" ,
title    =    "{MANDATE: Managing Networks Using Database
Technology}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Selected Areas in
Communications" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "1360-1372" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HARRIS95,
key    =    "Harris \& Gray" ,
author    =    "Harris, W. and Gray, W. A." ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Constructs in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "133--152" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:38:55 1995" ,
abstract=    "Temporal Databases have developed to the point
where there is a proposed query language, TSQL2, [1] and a database
implementation, Multical, [2] based on this language. It is now
appropriate to review the power and relevance of this approach. It is
accepted that TSQL2 is appropriate for a number of types of temporal
query. This paper examines TSQL2 with respect to the requirements of
an application area to see how well it can be applied to solving the
problems with temporal querying in this area. The weaknesses of TSQL2
in this application area are identified and an alternative graphical
query language, called GEST is presented to overcome these weaknesses.
GEST has the same power as TSQL2, but improves on it, in three ways:
it is based on a WIMP interface; it can cope with incomplete temporal
information; and it can also support a variety of temporal constructs
that are difficult to implement in TSQL2." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( HAWKES90,
key    =    "Hawkes et al." ,
author    =    "Hawkes, L. and Derry, S. and Rundenesteiner, E." ,
title    =    "Individualized Tutoring Using an Intelligent,
Fuzzy, Temporal Relational Database" ,
journal    =    "International J. of Man and Machine" ,
volume    =    "33" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "409--429" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 21:37:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@book        ( HAWKING88,
key    =    "Hawking" ,
author    =    "Hawking, S." ,
title    =    "A Brief History of Time" ,
publisher=    "Bantam Books" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( HENZINGER91,
key    =    "Henzinger" ,
author    =    "Henzinger, T." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Specification and Verification of
Real-time Properties" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer Science, Stanford
University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:04:45 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( HENZINGERMP94,
title    =    "Temporal Proof Methodologies for Timed Transition
Systems" ,
author    =    "Thomas A. Henzinger and Zohar Manna and Amir
Pnueli" ,
pages    =    "273--337" ,
journal    =    "Information and Computation" ,
month    =    aug ,
year    =    1994 ,
volume    =    112 ,
number    =    2 ,
)

@techreport    ( HERLIHY91,
key    =    "Herlihy et al." ,
author    =    "Herlihy, M. and Ling, S.-Y. and Jeannette, M. Wing" ,
title    =    "Implementation of Commit Timestamps in Avalon" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
number    =    "CMU--CS--91--107" ,
institution=    "Carnegie Mellon University" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
abstract=    "Atomic transactions have become a widely accepted
mechanism for coping with failures and concurrency in reliable
distributed systems. Much recent work has focused on the concurrency
control algorithms, in particular on techniques for exploiting
type-specific properties of data objects to enhance concurrency. One
class of concurrency control algorithms that appears particularly
promising are ``hybrid'' schemes in which transactions are assigned
timestamps as they commit. Although these algorithms have received
extensive theoretical analysis, they have not been implemented because
they require non-trivial systems support. In this paper, we describe
the first implementation of transaction commit timestamps, as provided
in Avalon/C++, a high-level language for reliable distributed
computing. We focus on the run-time data structures and algorithms
needed to achieve a practical implementation of transaction commit
timestamps." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( HERMOSILLA93V,
author    =    "L. H. Hermosilla" ,
title    =    "{A Requirement Analysis for Supporting Temporal
Reasoning in Geographic Information Systems}" ,
institution=    "European Computer-Industry Research Centre" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
number    =    "ECRC-93-15" ,
abstract=    "We propose a unified approach for developing a
temporal GIS with both database and reasoning capabilities. We also
study the user requirements posed by GIS applications for supporting
temporal reasoning. We start our study by giving a detailed
description of several representative GIS applications that are then
used to justify both our approach and the requirements of a temporal
GIS. We conclude that developments in the fields of temporal data and
knowledge bases as well as AI can be integrated into our system. The
justification of the requirements in terms of GIS applications leads
to the development of a suitable temporal GIS satisfying these
requirements. The set of requirements can also be used as a yardstick
for the expressive power of temporal GIS's." ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HIBINO95,
key    =    "Hibino \& Rundensteiner" ,
author    =    "Hibino, S. and Rundensteiner, E. A." ,
title    =    "A Graphical Query Language for Identifying
Temporal Trends in Video Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of The International Workshop on
MMDBMS'95" ,
address    =    "Blue Mountain Lake, NY" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 13:06:20 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HIRSCHMAN81,
key    =    "Hirschman \& Story" ,
author    =    "Hirschman, C. and Story, G." ,
title    =    "Representing Implicit and Explicit Time Relations
in Narrative" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, BC Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "289--295" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 25 11:30:32 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HJELSVOLD95,
key    =    "Hjelsvold et al" ,
author    =    "Hjelsvold, R. and Midtstraum, R. and Sandsta, O." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Foundation of Video Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "295--314" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 15:07:25 1995" ,
abstract=    "Audio and video data represent streams of data
with inherent temporal properties. In this paper we consider a video
database as a collection of partial ordered sets where temporal
relationships exist between elements from the came video stream. Video
production introduces dependencies between different time coordinate
systems. In this paper we give a formal definition of the contents of
a video database. We also define mapped video object sets and
operations on such sets that can be used for querying the temporal
properties of video data and that can be used for mapping video
objects between different time coordinate systems. At last, we
illustrate how the proposed foundation can be used in searching and
browsing." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HMS95,
key    =    "Rune Hjelsvold, Roger Midtstraum, Olav Sandste" ,
author    =    "Rune Hjelsvold and Roger Midtstraum and Olav
Sandste" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Foundation of Video Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "295-314" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HOFSTEDE94,
author    =    "A. H. M. ter Hofstede and H. A. Proper and Th. P.
van der Weide" ,
title    =    "{Supporting Information Disclosure in an Evolving
Environment}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
pages    =    "433--444" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 856" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( HOOD69,
key    =    "Hood" ,
author    =    "Hood, P." ,
title    =    "How Time is Measured" ,
publisher=    "Oxford University Press" ,
address    =    "Oxford, England" ,
year    =    "1969" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@book        ( HOWSE80,
key    =    "Howse" ,
author    =    "Howse, D." ,
title    =    "Greenwich Time and the discovery of the longitude" ,
publisher=    "Oxford University Press" ,
address    =    "Oxford" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( HRYCEJ93V,
author    =    "T. Hrycej" ,
title    =    "{A temporal extension of Prolog}" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Logic Programming" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "1/2" ,
pages    =    "113--145" ,
month    =    jan ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU91A,
key    =    "Hsu \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. H. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Optimal Block Size for Repeating Attributes" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "No. 28" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Arizona" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Feb  2 14:38:03 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU92,
key    =    "Hsu" ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. H." ,
title    =    "Page and Tuple Level Storage Structures for
Historical Databases" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "No. 34" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of Arizona" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "may" ,
abstract=    "Conventional database page layout designs are not
suitable for storing historical databases. In this paper, we first
look at an important aspect of historical databases and then give six
parameters that could affect our design. After carefully examining
these parameters, and pruning the less desirable combinations, we get
three page layout designs. These designs all store time-stamps
dynamically and eliminate attribute value duplication in different
degree. We, then, give a clear description and also the pros and cons
of each design for storing historical relations." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun  1 10:06:52 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( HSU93D,
key    =    "Hsu \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Optimal Block Size for Set-valued Attributes" ,
journal    =    "Information Processing Letters" ,
volume    =    "45" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "153--158" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 17:32:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU94,
key    =    "Hsu et al." ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "A Survey of Valid-Time Selection and Projection" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:53:04 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU94B,
key    =    "Hsu et al." ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Valid-Time Selection in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:54:21 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU94C,
key    =    "Hsu et al." ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Valid-Time Projection in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:54:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( HSU94E,
key    =    "Hsu et al." ,
author    =    "Hsu, S. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "A Survey of Valid-Time Selection and Projection in
Temporal Query Languages" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:42:02 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@incollection    ( HSU95V1,
key    =    "Hsu et al." ,
author    =    "S. Hsu and C.~S. Jensen and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Valid-Time Selection and Projection" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "13" ,
pages    =    "251--298" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HT94,
key    =    "Ehric Ho and Andre Trudel" ,
author    =    "Ehric Ho and Andre Trudel" ,
title    =    "The Specification and Implementation of a First
Order Logic for Uncer tain Temporal Domains" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HUANG94,
author    =    "Huang and Luk" ,
title    =    "{Query Processing with Spatio-temporal Index on
Object Oriented Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Advances in
Geographic Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Gaithersburg, Maryland" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( HULSMANN89,
key    =    "Hulsmann \& Saake" ,
author    =    "Hulsmann, K. and Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Theoretical Foundations of Handling Large
Substitution Sets in Temporal Integrity Monitoring" ,
number    =    "89-04" ,
institution=    "Technical University of Braunschweig" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 10:54:47 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HULSMANN90,
key    =    "Hulsmann \& Saake" ,
author    =    "Hulsmann, K. and Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Representation of the Historical Information
Necessary for Temporal Integrity Monitoring" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Extending Database Technology" ,
address    =    "Venice, Italy" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "378--392" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 10:52:52 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( HULSMANN91,
key    =    "Hulsmann" ,
author    =    "Hulsmann, K." ,
title    =    "A Temporal-logic-based Query Language for Querying
Database Histories" ,
booktitle=    "DEXA 91" ,
address    =    "Berlin, Germany" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "393--399" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:43:32 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( IDG94,
author    =    "M. Iino and Y.F. Day and A. Ghafoor" ,
title    =    "{An Object-oriented model for spatio-temporal
synchronization of multimedia information}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Multimedia Computing and Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "110-119" ,
month    =    may ,
address    =    "Boston, MA" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@manual        ( ILLUSTRA94,
organization=    "Illustra Information Technologies, Inc." ,
title    =    "{Illustra TimeSeries DataBlade}" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    sep ,
note    =    "DBMS, Vol. 7, No. 10" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( IOANNIDIS93,
key    =    "Ioannidis et al." ,
author    =    "Ioannidis, E. and Kokkotos, S. and Spyrooulos, C." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for Managing Retroactive and
Delayed Updates: an Application to the Payroll Information System of
the Greek Public Sector" ,
journal    =    "European Journal of Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 22:54:49 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JAGADISH92,
key    =    "Jagadish et al." ,
author    =    "Jagadish, H. V. and Mumick, I. and Shmueli, O." ,
title    =    "Events with Attributes in an Active Database" ,
number    =    "Technical Report 921214-18-TM" ,
institution=    "AT\&T Bell Laboratories" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:10:25 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JAGADISH95SIMILARITY,
author    =    "H.V. Jagadish and Alberto O. Mendelzon and Tova
Milo" ,
title    =    "{Similarity-Based Queries}" ,
year    =    1995 ,
month    =    may ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
pages    =    "36-45" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JAGADISH95V,
author    =    "H. V. Jagadish and I.S. Mumick and A. Silberschatz" ,
title    =    "{View Maintenance Issues for the Chronicle Data
Model}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "113--124" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
month    =    may ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JAJODIA93,
author    =    "S. Jajodia and X.S. Wang" ,
title    =    "{Temporal mediators: Supporting uniform access to
heterogeneous temporal databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on Interoperability of
Database Systems and Database Applications" ,
pages    =    "223-234" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
address    =    "Fribourg, Switzerland" ,
month    =    oct ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@proceedings    ( JANG92,
key    =    "Jang \& Johnson" ,
title    =    "A Heterogeneous Temporal Nested Relational Data
Model" ,
publisher=    "ISCIS 7" ,
address    =    "Antalya, Turkey" ,
author    =    "Jang, Y. P. and Johnson, R. G." ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 16:55:35 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JANG94V,
author    =    "Jang, Y. P. and Johnson, R. G." ,
title    =    "{Evolutions of Object States in Temporal
Object-Oriented Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 22st Annual Conference on
Computer Science (CSC)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "304--311" ,
address    =    "Phoenix, AZ" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( JARKE84B,
key    =    "Jarke \& Koch" ,
author    =    "Jarke, M and Koch, J." ,
title    =    "Query Optimization in Database Systems" ,
journal    =    "compsurv" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "111--152" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Mar  2 16:42:07 1985" ,
)

@article    ( JEFFERSON85,
key    =    "Jefferson" ,
author    =    "Jefferson, D. R." ,
title    =    "Virtual Time" ,
journal    =    "toplas" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "404--425" ,
keywords=    "concurrency control; simulation; Time Warp" ,
abstract=    "Virtual time a new paradigm for organizing and
synchronizing distributed systems which can be applied to such
problems as distributed discrete event simulation and distributed
database concurrency control. Virtual time provides a flexible
abstraction of real time in much the same way that virtual memory
provides an abstraction of real memory. It is implemented using the
Time Warp mechanism, a syncronization protocol distinguished by its
reliance on lookahead-rollback, and by its implementation of rollback
via antimessages." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Sep 30 16:35:18 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JEFFERSON86,
key    =    "Jefferson \& Motro" ,
author    =    "Jefferson, D. and Motro, A." ,
title    =    "The Time Warp Mechanism for Database Concurrency
Control" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
volume    =    "IEEE Computer Society Order Number 655" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "474--481" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we introduce the Time Warp
mechanism as a new method for concurrency control in distributed
database systems. Its major distinguishing features are first, a
unification of transactions and data as two forms of the more general
notion of OBJECT, and second, the use of OBJECT rollback as the
fundamental tool for synchronization instead of blocking or abortion." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 16 15:39:22 1986" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN89,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopoulos, N." ,
title    =    "Incremental Implementation Model for Relational
Databases with Transaction Time" ,
number    =    "UMIACS-TR-8963/CS-TR-2275" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "1--28" ,
abstract=    "The database literature contains numerous
contributions to the understanding of time in relational database
systems. In the past, the focus has been on data model issues and only
recently has efficient implementation been addressed. We present an
implementation model for the standard relational data model extended
with transaction time. The implementation model exploits techniques of
view materialization, incremental computation, and deferred update. It
is more flexible than previously presented partitioned storage models.
A new and interesting class of detailed queries on change behaviour of
the database is supported." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov  7 08:06:37 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN89A,
key    =    "Jensen \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Queries on Change in an Extended Relational Model" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
number    =    "UMIACS TR 98-80/CS TR 2299" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:12:20 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN89B,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopoulos, N.
and Sellis, T." ,
title    =    "Using Caching, Cache Indexing, and Differential
Techniques to Efficiently Support Transaction Time" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
number    =    "UMIACS TR 90-25/CS TR 2413" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
keywords=    "temporal databases; transaction time; efficient
query processing; incremental and decremental computation" ,
abstract=    "We present a framework for query processing in the
relational model extended with transaction time. The framework
integrates standard query optimization and computation techniques with
new differential computation techniques. Differential computation
incrementally or decrementally computes a query from the cached and
indexed results of previous computations. The use of differential
computation techniques is essential in order to provide efficient
processing of queries that access very large temporal relations.
Alternative query plans are integrated into a state transition
network, where the state space includes backlogs of base relations,
cached results from previous computations, a cache index, and
intermediate results; the transitions include standard relational
algebra operators, operators for constructing differential files,
operators for differential computation, and combined operators. A rule
set is presented to prune away parts of state transition networks that
are not promising, and dynamic programming techniques are used to
identify the optimal plans from remaining state transition networks.
An extended logical access path serves as a 'structuring' index on the
cached results and contains in addition vital statistics for the query
optimization process, including statistics about base relations,
backlogs, about previously computed and cached, previously computed,
or just previously estimated queries" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 10 14:36:58 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN90,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopolous, N.
and Sellis, T." ,
title    =    "Using Caching, Cache Indexing and Differential
Techniques to Efficiently Support Transaction Time" ,
number    =    "UMIACS-TR-90-25/CS-TR-2413" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Nov  8 11:38:15 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JENSEN90A,
key    =    "Jensen \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Replication Gives High Performance Query
Processing in Relational Models Extended with Transaction Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on the Management
of Replicated Data" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 13:49:26 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( JENSEN90B,
key    =    "Jensen" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S." ,
title    =    "Towards the Realization of Transaction Time
Database Systems" ,
school    =    "Aalborg University, Department of Mathematics and
Computer Science" ,
address    =    "Aalborg, Denmark" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 13:51:06 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN90C,
key    =    "Jensen \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "A Framework for Vacuuming Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "CS-TR-2516/UMIACS-TR-90-105" ,
institution=    "University of Maryland, Department of Computer
Science" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
pages    =    "46" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 13:53:43 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN91,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopoulos, N." ,
title    =    "Incremental Implementation Model for Relational
Databases with Transaction Time" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
number    =    "to appear" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 13:44:58 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN91B,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Specialized Temporal Relations" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "R 91-26" ,
institution=    "Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,
Aalborg University" ,
address    =    "Aalborg University, Denmark" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "june" ,
keywords=    "temporal specialization, temporal generalization,
taxonomy, valid time, transaction time" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 24 15:44:55 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN91C,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Specialization and Generalization" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
number    =    "91-25" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
abstract=    "A standard relation is two-dimensional with
attributes and tuples as dimensions. A temporal relation contains two
additional, orthogonal time dimensions, namely valid time and
transaction time. Valid time records when facts are true in the
modeled reality, and transaction time records when facts are stored in
the temporal relation. While, in general, there are no restrictions
between the valid time and transaction time associated with each fact,
in many practical applications the valid and transaction times exhibit
more or less restricted interrelationships which define several types
of specialized temporal relations. The paper examines five different
areas where a variety of types of specialized temporal relations are
present. In application systems with multiple, interconnected temporal
relations, multiple time dimensions may be associated with facts as
they flow from one temporal relation to another. For example, a fact
may have associated multiple transaction times telling when it was
stroed in previous temporal relations. The paper investigates several
aspects of the resulting generalized temporal relations, including the
ability to query a predecessor relation from a successor relation. The
presented framework for generalization and specialization allows
researchers as well as database and system designers to precisely
characterize, compare, and thus better understand temporal relations
and the application systems in which they are embedded. The
framework's comprehensiveness and its use in understanding temporal
relations is demonstrated by placing previously proposed temporal data
models within the framework. The practical relevance of the defined
specializations and generalizations is illustrated by sample realistic
applications in which they occur. The additional semantics of
specialized relations are especially useful for improving the
performance of query processing." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 19 13:33:07 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN91D,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopoulos, N." ,
title    =    "Incremental Implementation Model for Relational
Databases with Transaction Time" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "461--473" ,
keywords=    "Data and printer caching, incremental and
decremental computation, implementation model, query processing,
relational model, transaction time" ,
abstract=    "The database literature contains numerous
contributions to the understanding of time in relational database
systems. In the past, the focus has been on data model issues and only
recently has efficient implementation been addressed. We present an
implementation model for the standard relational data model extended
with transaction time. The implementation model integrates techniques
of view materialization, differential computation, and deferred update
into a coherent whole. It is capable of storing any view--reflecting
past or present states--and subsequently use stored views as outsets
for incremental and decremental computations of requested views,
making it more flexible than previously proposed partitioned storage
models. The workings and the expressiveness of the model are
demonstrated by sample queries that show how historical data are
retrieved." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 15 16:29:22 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN92A,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Unification of Temporal Relations" ,
number    =    "92-15" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
abstract=    "To add time support to the relational model, both
first normal form (1NF) and non-1NF approaches have been proposed.
Each has associated difficulties. Remaining within 1NF when time
support is added may introduce data redundancy. The non-1NF models may
not be capable of directly using existing relational storage
structures or query evaluation technologies. This paper describes a
new, conceptual temporal data model that better captures the
time-dependent semantics of the data while permitting multiple data
models at the representation level. This conceptual model effectively
moves the distinction between the various existing data models from a
semantic basis to a physical, performance-relevant basis. We define a
conceptual notion of a bitemporal relation where tuples are stamped
with sets of two-dimensional chronons in transaction-time/valid-time
space. Next, we describe three representation schemes: a
tuple-timestamped 1NF representation, a backlog relation composed of
1NF timestamped change requests, and a non-1NF attribute
value-timestamped representation. We further investigate several
variants of these representations. We use snapshot equivalence to
relate the three representational data models with the conceptual
bitemporal data model. We then consider querying within the two-level
framework. To do so, we define first an algebra at the conceptual
level. We proceed to map this algebra to the representation level in
such a way that new operators compute equivalent results for different
representations of the same conceptual bitemporal relation. This
demonstrates that all of these representations are faithful to the
semantics of the conceptual data model, with many choices available
that may be exploited to gain improved performance." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul  3 11:31:46 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JENSEN92B,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Specialization" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
address    =    "Tempe, AZ" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "594--603" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu May 21 10:48:19 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN92C,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Relational Database Design" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "No. 35, in preparation" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of Arizona" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun  1 11:25:55 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN92D,
key    =    "Jensen \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Queries on Change in an Extended Relational Model" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "192--200" ,
number    =    "2" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 13:46:07 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN92G,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Mark, L. and Roussopoulos, N.
and Sellis, T." ,
title    =    "Using Differential Techniques to Efficiently
Support Transaction Time" ,
journal    =    "The VLDB Journal" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "75--111" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 16 11:01:28 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN92H,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Clifford, J. and Gadia, S. K.
and Segev, A. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "A Glossary of Temporal Database Concepts" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "35--43" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 27 20:42:19 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN92I,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Proposal of a Data Model for the Temporal
Structured Query Language" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "37" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 29 14:35:35 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JENSEN93A,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Unification of Temporal Relations" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "262--271" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 22 10:27:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN93B,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Specialization and Generalization" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "6" ,
pages    =    "954--974" ,
abstract=    "A standard relation is two-dimensional with
attributes and tuples as dimensions. A temporal relation contains two
additional, orthogonal time dimensions, namely valid time and
transaction time. Valid time records when facts are true in the
modeled reality, and transaction time records when facts are stored in
the temporal relation. While, in general, there are no restrictions
between the valid time and transaction time associated with each fact,
in many practical applications the valid and transaction times exhibit
more or less restricted interrelationships which define several types
of specialized temporal relations. The paper examines five different
areas where a variety of types of specialized temporal relations are
present. In application systems with multiple, interconnected temporal
relations, multiple time dimensions may be associated with facts as
they flow from one temporal relation to another. For example, a fact
may have associated multiple transaction times telling when it was
stroed in previous temporal relations. The paper investigates several
aspects of the resulting generalized temporal relations, including the
ability to query a predecessor relation from a successor relation. The
presented framework for generalization and specialization allows
researchers as well as database and system designers to precisely
characterize, compare, and thus better understand temporal relations
and the application systems in which they are embedded. The
framework's comprehensiveness and its use in understanding temporal
relations is demonstrated by placing previously proposed temporal data
models within the framework. The practical relevance of the defined
specializations and generalizations is illustrated by sample realistic
applications in which they occur. The additional semantics of
specialized relations are especially useful for improving the
performance of query processing." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 19 13:33:07 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( JENSEN93C,
key    =    "Jensen \& Mark" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C. and Mark, L." ,
title    =    "Differential Query Processing in Transaction-Time
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "19" ,
pages    =    "457--491" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:27:42 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN93D,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Unifying Temporal Data Models via a Conceptual
Model" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "93-31" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "35" ,
abstract=    "To add time support to the relational model, both
first normal form (1NF) and non-1NF approaches have been proposed.
Each has associated difficulties. Remaining within 1NF when time
support is added may introduce data redundancy. The non-1NF models may
be incapable of directly using existing relational storage structures
or query evaluation technologies. This paper describes a new,
conceptual temporal data model that better captures the time-dependent
semantics of the data, while permitting multiple data models at the
representation level. This conceptual model effectively moves the
distinction between the various existing data models from a semantic
basis to a physical, performance-relevant basis. We define a
conceptual notion of a bitemporal relation where tuples are stamped
with sets of two-dimensional chronons in transaction-time/valid-time
space. Next, we describe five representation schemes that support both
valid and transaction time: two tuple-timestamped 1NF representations,
a backlog relation composed of 1NF timestamped change requests, and
two non-1NF attribute value-timestamped representations. We further
investigate several variants of these representations. We use snapshot
equivalence to relate the representational data models with the
bitemporal conceptual data model. We then consider querying within the
two-level framework. To do so, we define first an algebra at the
conceptual level. We proceed to map this algebra to the representation
level in such a way that new operators compute equivalent results for
different representations of the same bitemporal conceptual relation.
This demonstrates that all of these representations are faithful to
the semantics of the conceptual data model, with many choices
available that may be exploited to gain improved performance." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 16 14:34:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN93E,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The TSQL2 Data Model" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:46:27 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JENSEN93K,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Three Proposals for a Third-Generation Temporal
Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:50:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( JENSEN93L,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S., J.~Clifford, S.~K.~Gadia, A.~Segev,
and R.~T.~Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "A Glossary of Temporal Database Concepts" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implemementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:50:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN93M,
key    =    "Jensen" ,
author    =    "Jensen (ed.), C.~S." ,
title    =    "A Consensus Test Suite of Temporal Database
Queries" ,
number    =    "TR 93-2034" ,
institution=    "Department of Mathematics and Computer, Institute
for Electronic Systems" ,
address    =    "Denmark" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "45" ,
abstract=    "This document presents the temporal database
community with an sizable consensus test suite of temporal database
queries. The test suite is intended to be helpful when evaluating the
user-friendliness of temporal relational query languages. The test
suite consists of a database schema, an instance for the schema, and a
set of approximately 150 queries on this database. The queries are
classified according to a taxonomy, which is also included in the
document." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 30 17:53:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN93N,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Clifford, J. and Elmasri, R. and
Gadia, S.~K. and Hayes, P. and Jajodia (eds.), S." ,
title    =    "A Consensus Glossary of Temporal Database Concepts" ,
number    =    "R 93-2035" ,
institution=    "Department of Mathematics and Computer, Institute
for Electronic Systems" ,
address    =    "Denmark" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "55" ,
abstract=    "This document contains definitions of a wide range
of concepts specific to and widely used within temporal databases. In
addition to providing definitions, the document also includes
explanations of concepts as well as discussions of the adopted names.
The consensus effort that lead to this glossary was initiated in Early
1992. Earlier status documents appeared in March 1993 and December
1992 and included terms proposed after an initial glossary appeared in
SIGMOD Record in September 1992. The present glossary subsumes all the
previous documents. It was most recently discussed at the ``ARPA/NSF
International Workshop on an Infrastructure for Temporal Databases,''
in Arlington, TX, June 1993, and the present glossary is recommended
by a significant part of the temporal database community. The glossary
meets a need for creating a higher degree of consensus on the
definition and naming of temporal database concepts. Two sets of
criteria are included. First, all included concepts were required to
satisfy four relevance criteria, and second, the naming of the
concepts were resolved using a set of evaluation criteria. The
concepts are grouped into three categories: concepts of general
database interest, of temporal database interest, and of specialized
interest." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 30 18:47:17 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN94A,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Clifford, J. and Elmasri, R. and
Gadia, S. K. and Hayes, P. and Jajodia [eds], S." ,
title    =    "A Glossary of Temporal Database Concepts" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
pages    =    "52--64" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb 14 02:57:00 1994" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN94B,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "The TSQL2 Data Model" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "62" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon May  9 11:47:43 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN94C,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Unifying Temporal Models via a Conceptual Model" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "7" ,
pages    =    "513--547" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Sep 25 20:58:25 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN94F,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The Surrogate Data Type in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:47:31 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN94H,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "An Algebra for TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:57:48 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN94J,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Leung, T.
Y. C." ,
title    =    "Cursors in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:45:09 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JENSEN94K,
key    =    "Jensen" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S." ,
title    =    "Vacuuming in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 14:01:21 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( JENSEN95A,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "Extending Existing Dependency Theory to Temporal
Databases" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "to appear" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:06:52 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JENSEN95D,
key    =    "Jensen and Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Semantics of Time-Varying Attributes and Their Use
for Temporal Database Design" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Object-Oriented and Entity
Relationship Conference" ,
address    =    "Gold Coast, Australia" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:27:18 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@incollection    ( JENSEN95V2,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "C.~S. Jensen and R.~T. Snodgrass and M.~D. Soo" ,
title    =    "The TSQL2 Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "10" ,
pages    =    "157--240" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( JENSEN95V3,
key    =    "Jensen et al." ,
author    =    "C.~S. Jensen and R.~T. Snodgrass and T.~Y. Cliff
Leung" ,
title    =    "Cursors" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "15" ,
pages    =    "305--309" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( JENSEN95V4,
key    =    "Jensen" ,
author    =    "C.~S. Jensen" ,
title    =    "Vacuuming" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "23" ,
pages    =    "451--462" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JEON95V,
author    =    "D.K. Jeon and S.D. Urban and J.J. Shah and H. Liu
and P. Bliznakov and M. Rogers" ,
title    =    "{Metadata Extensions to an Object-Oriented Data
Model for the Dynamic Capture of Engineering Design Histories}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Sixth IFIP TC-2 Working
Conference on Data Semantics (DS-6)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Robert Meersman and Leo Mark" ,
address    =    "Stone Mountain, Atlanta" ,
month    =    "May-June" ,
publisher=    "Chapman & Hall, London" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( JESPERSON79,
key    =    "Jesperson \& Fitz--Randolph" ,
author    =    "Jesperson, J. and Fitz--Randolph, J." ,
title    =    "Time \& Clocks for the Space Age" ,
publisher=    "Atheneum" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JO90,
key    =    "Jo et al." ,
author    =    "Jo, H. and Ahn, T. and Kim, J and Lee, Y. and Kim,
B." ,
title    =    "Temporal Summary Table Management and Graphic
Interface" ,
booktitle=    " Fifth International Conference on Statistical and
Scientific Database Management" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
page    =    "112--130" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:43:11 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( JOHNSON87,
key    =    "Johnson \& Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Johnson, R. and Lorentzos, N." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management" ,
journal    =    "Information Update Database Technology" ,
publisher=    "Pergamon Infotech" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "5--11" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:42:22 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( JOHNSON92,
key    =    "Johnson \& Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Johnson, R. G. and Lorentzos, N. A." ,
title    =    "Comments on `Extensions to SQL for Historical
Databases'" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "4" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 12:14:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( JONES78A,
key    =    "Jones" ,
author    =    "Jones, S." ,
title    =    "A LEGOL Example: Interstate Succession" ,
number    =    "Paper on Informatics L.19" ,
institution=    "London School of Economics" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Nov  8 11:39:25 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( JONES79,
key    =    "Jones et al." ,
author    =    "Jones, S. and Mason, P. and Stamper, R." ,
title    =    "LEGOL 2.0: A Relational Specification Language for
Complex Rules" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
pages    =    "293--305" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 29 16:52:53 1984" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JONES80D,
key    =    "Jones \& Mason" ,
author    =    "Jones, S. and Mason, P. J." ,
title    =    "Handling the Time Dimension in a Data Base" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Bases" ,
publisher=    "Heyden" ,
organization=    "British Computer Society" ,
address    =    "University of Aberdeen" ,
editor    =    "Deen, S.M. and Hammersley, P." ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
pages    =    "65--83" ,
abstract=    "There is a growing awareness amongst researchers
of the necessity for recording information in a data base within a
consistent temporal framework. This paper discusses the time dimension
in relation to data modeling, updating, and the development of a user
interface, and describes the approach to the subject incorporated in
the Legol system and language." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 22:20:04 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( JS95,
key    =    "Jensen \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Christian S. Jensen and Richard T. Snodgrass " ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases (Tutorial)" ,
booktitle=    "21st VLDB Conference" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KABANZA90,
key    =    "Kabanza et al." ,
author    =    "Kabanza, F. and Stevenne, J-M and Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "Handling Infinite Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "9th Annual ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART Symposium on
Principles of Database Systems" ,
address    =    "Nashville, TN" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:31:28 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KAEFER90,
key    =    (K\"{a}fer et al.) ,
author    =    (K\"{a}fer, W. and Ritter, N. and Sch\"{o}ning, H.) ,
title    =    "Support for Temporal Data by Complex Objects" ,
booktitle=    "16th International Conference on VLDB" ,
address    =    "Brisbane, Australia" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 14:00:29 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KAEFER92,
key    =    (K\"{a}fer \& Sch\"{o}ning) ,
author    =    (K\"{a}fer, W. and Sch\"{o}ning, H.) ,
title    =    "Realizing a Temporal Complex-Object Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
address    =    "San Diego, CA" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 24 14:59:18 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
pages    =    "266--275" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KAEFER92A,
key    =    (K\"{a}fer \& Sch\"{o}ning) ,
author    =    (K\"{a}fer, W. and Sch\"{o}ning, H.) ,
title    =    "Mapping a Version Model to a Complex-Object Data
Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of International Conference on Data
Engineering" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "348--357" ,
address    =    "Tempe, Arizona" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Apr 25 16:49:23 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( KAEFER92B,
key    =    (K\"{a}fer) ,
author    =    (K\"{a}fer, W.) ,
title    =    "History and Version Management of Complex Objects
(in German)" ,
school    =    "Fachbereich Informatik, University Kaiserslautern" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 15:33:42 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KAEFER93,
key    =    (K\"{a}fer) ,
author    =    (K\"{a}fer, W.) ,
title    =    "Temporal Selection, Temporal Projection, and
Temporal Join Revised" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:52:15 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( KAHN77A,
key    =    "Kahn \& Gorry" ,
author    =    "Kahn, K. and Gorry, G. A." ,
title    =    "Mechanizing Temporal Knowledge" ,
journal    =    "ai" ,
year    =    "1977" ,
pages    =    "87--108" ,
abstract=    "The importance that an understanding of time plays
in many problem-solving situations requires that intelligent programs
be equipped with extensive temporal knowledge. This paper discusses
one route to that goal, namely the construction of a time specialist,
a program knowledgable about time in general which can be used by a
higher level program to deal with the temporal aspects of its
problem-solving. Some examples are given of such a use of a time
specialist. The principal issues addressed in this paper are how the
time specialist organizes statements involving temporal references,
checks them for consistency, and uses them in answering questions." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 13 10:26:19 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KAHN85,
key    =    "Kahn et al." ,
author    =    "Kahn, M. G. and Ferguson, J. C. and Shortliffe, E.
H. and Fagan, L. M." ,
title    =    "Representation and use of temporal information in
ONCOCIN" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Symposium on
Computer Applications in Medical Care" ,
address    =    "Baltimore, MD" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "172--176" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 15:03:28 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( KAHN91,
key    =    "Kahn et al." ,
author    =    "Kahn, M. and Tu, S. and Fagan, L." ,
title    =    "TQuery: a Context-sensitive Temporal Query
Language" ,
journal    =    "Computers and Biomedical Research" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "401--419" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:50:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@unpublished    ( KALUA90,
key    =    "Kalua \& Robertson" ,
author    =    "Kalua, P. and Robertson, E." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Extension to ANDA, a Nested Relational
Model" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "June" ,
note    =    "Unpublished Working Paper" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:10:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KALUA91,
key    =    "Kalua \& Robertson" ,
author    =    "Kalua, P. and Robertson, E." ,
title    =    "The Role of Time in Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on
Computing in Southern Africa (CISNA-91)" ,
month    =    "April" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "86--98" ,
abstract=    "The importance of time in information systems has
long been recognized. However, the design of 'traditional' data models
does not support the concept of time and 'temporal data' adequately.
In the last twelve years or so, there have been several research
efforts to design data models and their associated query languages
that treat 'time' in a special way. This article briefly discusses
some of the real-life applications of time in information systems and
then describes our experiments with adding temporal specializations to
\anda, a prototype nested relational database system developed here at
Indiana University. Because of the richer user semantics, we are
emphasizing temporal databases using valid time (``historical
databases''). " ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:14:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( KALUA93A,
key    =    "Kalua \& Robertson" ,
author    =    "Kalua, P.P. and Robertson, E. L." ,
title    =    "Benchmarks for Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "379" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department" ,
address    =    "Indiana University, Bloomington" ,
month    =    "March" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "This paper is intended to facilitate the
development and evaluation of temporal database models by presenting
semantic benchmarks with a large time component. It presents several
temporal queries drawn from three application areas, and the results
of some of these queries on the example relation instances. The
schemas used in this paper are not based on any particular model but
can be translated into most of the available temporal data models.
With this in mind, it is our hope that other researchers will be able
to use some of these queries as benchmarks to test their models and
also as a basis for comparing different language proposals. " ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@techreport    ( KALUA93B,
key    =    "Kalua \& Robertson" ,
author    =    "Kalua, P. P. and Robertson, E. L." ,
title    =    "Date Arithmetic" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department" ,
address    =    "Indiana University, Bloomington" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "June" ,
note    =    "(In Preparation)" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( KALUA93C,
key    =    "Kalua" ,
author    =    "Kalua, P. P." ,
title    =    "Supporting Time With Nested Relational Database
Systems" ,
school    =    "Computer Science Department, Indiana University,
Bloomington" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
note    =    "(In Preparation)" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@techreport    ( KAMENS90,
key    =    "Kamens \& Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Kamens, S. N. and Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "An Implementation of Temporal Queries for SQL" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, Stanford
University" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 23:51:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KANDRASHINA83,
key    =    "Kandrashina" ,
author    =    "Kandrashina, E. Yu" ,
title    =    "Representation of Temporal Knowledge" ,
booktitle=    "International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
address    =    "W. Germany" ,
pages    =    "346--348" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KANELLAKIS93,
author    =    "P.C. Kanellakis and S. Ramaswamy and D.E. Vengroff
and J.S. Vitter" ,
title    =    "{Indexing for Data Models with Constraints and
Classes}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "233--243" ,
address    =    "Washington, D.C." ,
month    =    may ,
note    =    "To appear at the Journal of Computer and System
Sciences (JCSS)" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KANGELARIS93,
key    =    "Kangelaris \& Tsotras" ,
author    =    "Kangelaris, N. and Tsotras, V." ,
title    =    "Access Methods for Historical Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:05:37 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KARAMI90,
key    =    "Karimi et al." ,
author    =    "Karimi, S. and Bassiouni, M. and Orooji, A." ,
title    =    "Supporting Temporal Capabilities in a
Multi-Computer Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Databases, Parallel Architectures and Their Applications" ,
organization=    "PARBASE-90" ,
address    =    "Miami, FL" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "20--26" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:28:05 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KARIMI90,
key    =    "Karimi et al." ,
author    =    "Karimi, S. and Bassiouni, M. and Orooji, A." ,
title    =    "Supporting Temporal Capabilities in a
Multi-Computer Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Databases, Parallel Architectures, and Their Applications" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "20--26" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 13:56:51 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( KARLSSON84,
key    =    "Karlsson" ,
author    =    "Karlsson, T." ,
title    =    "TMOL - a Temporal Modeling Language" ,
type    =    "SYSLAB Working Paper" ,
number    =    "Nr 79" ,
institution=    "The Systems Development and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory, University of Stockholm" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:05:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( KARLSSON86A,
key    =    "Karlsson" ,
author    =    "Karlsson, T." ,
title    =    "Representation and Reasoning about Temporal
Knowledge" ,
type    =    "SYSLAB Working Paper" ,
number    =    "Nr 105" ,
institution=    "The Systems Development and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory, University of Stockholm" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:05:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( KARLSSON86B,
key    =    "Karlsson \& Norrie" ,
author    =    "Karlsson, T. and Norrie, M." ,
title    =    "Temporal Aspects of Computer Based Communication
Systems" ,
type    =    "SYSLAB Working Paper" ,
institution=    "The Systems Development and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory, University of Stockholm" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:05:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( KATZ82,
key    =    "Katz \& Lehman" ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Lehman, T." ,
title    =    "Storage Structures for Versions and Alternatives" ,
type    =    "Computer Sciences Technical Report" ,
number    =    "\#479" ,
institution=    "University of Wisconsin - Madison" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 10 14:23:56 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( KATZ84,
key    =    "Katz \& Lehman" ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Lehman, T." ,
title    =    "Database Support for Versions and Alternatives of
Large Design Files" ,
journal    =    "tse" ,
volume    =    "SE-10" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "191--200" ,
abstract=    "We identify the roles played by design versions
and alternatives in an engineering database. The obvious way to
implement versions is to maintain each in a separate collection of
files. Because several versions must be kept on line in a design
environment, the approach leads to large disk requirements. We develop
B-tree-based storage structures to encode versions as ``negative''
differential files. Our objective is to keep the disk requirements
small. We discuss the effect of enormous amounts of cheap archival
storage (write-once optical digital disks) on the proposed structures.
We have implemented versions in the Wisconsin storage system (WiSS),
an experimental database component developed at the University of
Wisconsin- Madison." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar  6 14:36:44 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( KATZ85A,
key    =    "Katz et al." ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Anwaruddin, M. and Chang, E." ,
title    =    "A Version Server for Computer-Aided Design Data" ,
type    =    "Report" ,
number    =    "No. UCB/CSD 86/266" ,
institution=    "University of California, Berkeley" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, California 94720" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
abstract=    "A design database organizes the description of an
artifact, by arranging it as a hierarchical composition of components
across multiple representations. It is particularly difficult to
manage this complex structure as its evolves over time. In this paper,
we present a logical organization for describing designs across time.
We also present an operational model, based on workspaces and
transactions, that describes how these structures can be manipulated
while controlling the sharing and integrity of the design database.
These concepts are being implemented in a Version Server under
development at the University of California, Berkeley." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 10:57:20 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KATZ85B,
key    =    "Katz et al." ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Anwarrudin, M. and Chang, E." ,
title    =    "Organizing a Design Database Across Time" ,
booktitle=    "Islamorada Workshop on Large Scale Knowledge Bases
and Inference Systems" ,
address    =    "Islamorada, Florida" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 10:55:44 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KATZ86,
key    =    "Katz et al." ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Chang, E. and Bhateja, R." ,
title    =    "Version Modeling Concepts for Computer-Aided
Design Databases" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C." ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "379--386" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 10:59:19 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
keywords=    "versions, configurations, and equivalences; design
database; object-oriented database; time in databases" ,
abstract=    "We describe a semantic object-oriented data model
for representing how a complex design database evolves over time.
Structural relationships, introduced by the data management system,
are imposed on the objects created by existing CAD tools. The
relationships supported by the model are: (1) version histories, (2)
time-varying configurations, and (3) equivalences among objects of
different types. We describe mechanisms for (1) identifying current
versions, (2) supporting dynamic configuration binding, and (3)
verifying equivalence relationships. The data model is being
implemented in Version Server, under development at the University of
California, Berkeley." ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KATZ86B,
key    =    "Katz et al." ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Anwaruddin, M. and Chang, E." ,
title    =    "A Version Server for Computer-Aided Design Data" ,
booktitle=    "23rd Design Automation Conference Proceedings" ,
organization=    "ACM/IEEE" ,
address    =    "Las Vegas, NV" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 17:31:38 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KATZ87,
key    =    "Katz \& Chang" ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H. and Chang, E." ,
title    =    "Managing Change in a Computer-Aided Design
Database" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brighton, England" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "455--462" ,
keywords=    "Object-oriented data models; Computer-aided design
databases; Inheritance; Change propagation; Constraint propagation" ,
abstract=    "Object-oriented concepts can make a design
database more reactive to changes in its contents. By embedding change
semantics in the database model, the design engineer can be relieved
of managing the detailed effects of changes. However, mechanisms are
needed to limit the scope of change propagation and to unambiguously
identify the objects to which propagated changes should apply. We
propose new mechanisms, based on group check-in/check-out, browser
contexts and paths, configuration constraints, and rules, to support a
powerful automatic change capability within a design database." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 19 10:42:02 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( KATZ88A,
key    =    "Katz" ,
author    =    "Katz, R. H." ,
title    =    "Towards a Unified Framework for Version Modeling" ,
number    =    "UCB/CSD 88/484" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Division-EECS" ,
address    =    "University of California, Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
pages    =    "1--45" ,
keywords=    "version models; version frameworks, computer-aided
design databases; design data management" ,
abstract=    "Support for computer-aided design data has been of
increasing interest to database system architects. In this survey, we
concentrate on one aspect of such support, namely version modeling,
i.e., how best to describe the structure of a complex design artifact
as it evolves across its multiple representations and over time. An
operational model is also needed to describe how artifact descriptions
are created and modified. While there has been much work in proposing
new models and mechanisms for supporting version concepts in a
database, it is our purpose not merely to describe such proposals but
to attempt to unify them. It is not our goal to propose yet another
model, but rather to provide a common terminology and a common
collections of mechanisms that should underlie all version models. The
key remaining challenge is to construct a single framework, based on
these mechanisms, which can be tailored for the needs of a given
version environment." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Apr 11 09:17:08 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KCLS95,
key    =    "Woo Saeng Kim, Duk Chul Chang, Tae Young Lim,
Young Ho Shin" ,
author    =    "Woo Saeng Kim and Duk Chul Chang and Tae Young Lim
and Young Ho Shin" ,
title    =    "Temporal Object-Oriented Data Model for the
Modification" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on
Database Systems for Advanced Applications (DASFAA)" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    apr ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KE95,
key    =    "Vram Kouramajian, Ramez Elmasri" ,
author    =    "Vram Kouramajian and Ramez Elmasri" ,
title    =    "Archiving Techniques for Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on
Database Systems for Advanced Applications (DASFAA)" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    apr ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KEC94,
key    =    "Kouramajian, Elmasri \& Chaudhry" ,
author    =    "Vram Kouramajian and Ramez Elmasri and Anurag
Chaudhry " ,
title    =    "Declustering Techniques for Parallelizing Temporal
Access Structures" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "232-242" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KEDEM89,
key    =    "Kedem \& Tuzhilin" ,
author    =    "Kedem, Z. M. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "Relational Database Behavior: Utilizing Relational
Discrete Event Systems and Models" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 23:47:16 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KELLNER80,
key    =    "Kellner \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Kellner, K. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Embedding Expert Knowledge in Hypothetical
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
address    =    "Santa Monica, California" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 07:56:54 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( KERETHO90,
key    =    "Keretho \& Loganantharaj" ,
author    =    "Keretho, S. and Loganantharaj, R." ,
title    =    "An Interval Arithmetic for Temporal Distance
Constraint Satisfaction Problems" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "CACS TR-90-2-2" ,
institution=    "University of Southwestern Louisiana" ,
address    =    "Lafayette, LA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
abstract=    "We present a representation and an algebra for
reasoning about Temporal Distance Constraint Satisfaction Problems as
an extension of Dechter et al.'s temporal constraint satisfaction
problems. Given a set of variables representing time points and a set
of unary and binary constraints on this time points, posssibly
disconnected sets of distance intervals, the problem is to compute the
minimal labelings between time points. We define a temporal distance
algebra based on an interval arithmetic to handle both open and closed
distance bounds. The temporal distance algebra has combined the
expressive power of Vilain and Kautz's point algebra and Dechter et
al.'s algebra, in that, both qualitative (e.g. precedence relations)
and quantitative (e.g. durations and metric bounds) constraints
between time points can be represented and propagated in this unified
framework." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 22 16:01:29 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( KERETHO90A,
key    =    "Keretho \& Loganantharaj" ,
author    =    "Keretho, S. and Loganantharaj, R." ,
title    =    "An Extended Time Point Algebra" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "CACS TR-90-2-3" ,
institution=    "University of Southwestern Louisiana" ,
address    =    "Lafayette, LA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
abstract=    "Allen introduced a model for representing and
reasoning about relationships between events represented by intervals.
We propose a logic to manipulate time interval relations through an
extended point--base algebra, in which the expressive power as of
Allen's interval algebra is still preserved, as opposed to Vilain and
Kautz's point algebra. A minimum size of a transitive table with only
nine entries is used, as compared to Allen's transitive table with 144
entries. A further extension can reduce the size of the transitive
table to zero, by providing an algebra to manipuulate quantitative
values which are represented in terms of metric bounds. The main
contender is that this later extension can also represent and reason
about quantitative constraints between time points, e.g. durations,
disjunctions of metric bounds, as well as, the representation of
absolute time." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 22 16:02:26 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( KERETHO90B,
key    =    "Keretho \& Loganantharaj" ,
author    =    "Keretho, S. and Loganantharaj, R." ,
title    =    "Qualitative and Quantitative Time Interval
Constraint Networks" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "CACS TR-90-2-4" ,
institution=    "University of Southwestern Louisiana" ,
address    =    "Lafayette, LA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
abstract=    "Constraint propagation is often used in AI systems
to perform inference about quantities. On the other hand, many
temporal reasoning systems, e.g. Allen's interval algebra and Vilain
and Kautz's point algebra, deal only with qualitative relations
between time intervals or between time points. We propose in this
article a general framework for representing and reasoning about both
qualitative and quantitative temporal constraints over time dependent
events. Information about (possibly disjunctions of) qualitative
relations between time intervals, e.g. during, meet, start, finish,
..., as in Allen's interval algebra, or relations between time points,
e.g., before, after, and equal, as in Vilain and Kautz's point
algebra, can be expressed. At the same time, quantitative information,
in particular, durations of events, references to absolute time, and
metric information, can be represented and propagated in this
framework. The framework called Time Interval Constraint Satisfaction
Problem (TICSP) is proposed. TICSP consists of a set of time
intervals, and a set of four--ary constraints expressing relationships
between any two time intervals (four time points). These constraints
are labeled by a set of vectors of open/closed metric bounds. The
problem is to make the tightest possible assertions about the
relationships among all time intervals. A strong 3--consistency
algorithm is derived for the propagation of these temporal
constraints." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 22 16:03:32 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KESIM92,
key    =    "Kesim \& Sergot" ,
author    =    "Kesim, F. and Sergot, M." ,
title    =    "On the Evolution of Objects in a Logic Programming
Framework" ,
booktitle=    "Fifth Generation Computer Systems" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 22:47:51 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KF93,
key    =    "Werasak Kurutach, James Franklin" ,
author    =    "Werasak Kurutach and James Franklin" ,
title    =    "On Temporal-fuzziness in Temporal Fuzzy Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
pages    =    "259-269" ,
editor    =    "V.Marik and J. Lazansky and R.R. Wagner" ,
month    =    sep ,
address    =    "Prague, Czech Republic" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 720" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( KIM87A,
key    =    "Kim \& Korth" ,
author    =    "Kim, H. and Korth, H. F." ,
title    =    "PSYCHO: A Graphical Language For Supporting Schema
Evolution In Object-Oriented Databases" ,
number    =    "87-43" ,
institution=    "The University of Texas at Austin" ,
address    =    "Austin, TX" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "1--34" ,
keywords=    "Graphical Language; Graphical Interface;
Object-oriented Databases; Schema Evolution; Class Lattices; Objects" ,
abstract=    "One of the important requirements of
non-conventional applications such as CAD/CAM, AI, and OIS (office
information systems) with multimedia documents is schema evolution,
that is, the ability to make a wide variety of changes to the database
schema dynamically. We provided a framework of schema evolution in
[BKKK86, BKKK87] and the framework was realized in an object- oriented
database system, ORION at MCC. Schema modifications using
line-oriented interaction are difficult for the user to manage if
class lattices are complicated. The difficulty is even greater because
there are a large number of types of schema modifications. We have
designed and implemented a powerful, yet user-friendly graphical
interface PSYCHO (Pictorial Schema-editor Yielding Class Hierarchies
and Objects) for supporting schema modification in object-oriented
databases. In this paper, we give a brief overview of our schema
evolution framework, and then discuss both the use of PSYCHO and its
implementation." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 14:43:19 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KIM88E,
key    =    "Kim et al." ,
author    =    "Kim, J. and Yoo, H. and Lee, Y." ,
title    =    "Implementation of a Temporal Query Language with
Abstract Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Computer
Symposium" ,
pages    =    "64--70" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:56:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KIM89C,
key    =    "Kim et al." ,
author    =    "Kim, J. and Ahn, T. and Lee, Y." ,
title    =    "A Graphic Presentation of a Temporal Aggregate
Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 39th ISMM International
Symposium on Mini and Microcomputers and their Applications" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 09:55:12 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( KIM90,
key    =    "Kim et al." ,
author    =    "Kim, J. and Yoo, H. and Lee, Y." ,
title    =    "Design and Implementation of a Temporal Query
Language with Abstract Time" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "349--357" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:32:25 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KIM92,
key    =    "Kim \& Lee" ,
author    =    "Kim, J. and Lee, Y." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Data Model Using Extending Set" ,
booktitle=    "Future Database'92, Proceedings of the Second
Far-East Workshop on Future Database Systems" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "77--80" ,
abstract=    " This paper propose a data model for temporal
databases (or historical databases) which maintain all evolution
history of the objects in real world. Most of previous temporal data
models are based on tuple versioning or attribute versoning, which are
dependent on internal representations. However, our model is a
mathematically defined model which is independent on any internal
structure. Our model also provides cubic structure as a users view for
temporal relation. With this simple, we can define semantics of time
and temporal algebra easily. " ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( KIM92B,
key    =    "Kim" ,
author    =    "Kim, S.-K." ,
title    =    "A Formal Approach to Two-Dimensional Temporal
Databases" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer and Information Sciences,
University of Florida" ,
address    =    "Gainesville, Florida" ,
month    =    "December" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:38:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( KIM92C,
key    =    "Kim \& Chakravarthy" ,
author    =    "Kim, S.-K. and Chakravarthy, S." ,
title    =    "A Retrospective Analysis of Time Concepts in
Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "UF-CIS-TR-92-044" ,
institution=    "CIS Department, University of Florida" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:21:33 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KIM93A,
key    =    "Kim \& Chakravarthy" ,
author    =    "Kim, Seung-Kyum and Chakravarthy, Sharma" ,
title    =    "Modeling Time: Adequacy of Three Distinct Time
Concepts for Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Conference on Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we present newly elaborated time
concepts for precise and lossless information preservation in temporal
databases. We start with a formal definition of temporal validity. The
notion of temporal validity is extended to the interpretation-based
validity, with which the confusion among various time concepts
introduced earlier for temporal databases can be dispelled. Then. we
discuss the problem of preserving multiple past states of a temporal
database, which leads to the identification of a maximal set of time
concepts. It is shown that the time concept, event time is needed to
properly model retroactive and proactive updates, as it is not
possible to model them using only the valid and transaction times as
thought earlier. We also show the adequacy of three time concepts
(event time, along with valid and transaction times) for completely
preserving different past states generated by retroactive and
proactive updates, error corrections, and delayed updates. Lastly, a
simple and effective representation of temporal information with
two-dimensional times is introduced." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 14 12:22:19 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@article    ( KIM94V,
author    =    "Kim, S.K. and Chakravarthy, S." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Databases with Two-Dimensional Time:
Modeling and Implementation of Multihistory}" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "80" ,
number    =    "1/2" ,
pages    =    "43-89" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( KIMBALL78,
key    =    "Kimball" ,
author    =    "Kimball, K. A." ,
title    =    "The DATA System" ,
school    =    "University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
abstract=    "This thesis presents the DATA (Dynamic Alerting
Transaction Analysis) System as an alternative to a conventional
database management system. The DATA System contains no records
corresponding to entities but rather is simply a time ordered list of
transactions. The advantages of DATA in the areas of security,
integrity, and operational ease will be discussed. The concept of
alerting will be presented. An alerting system provides facilities to
monitor changes to the database in order to perform some action
whenever certain conditions become true. An alerter can be thought of
as a program that continuously monitors the database and takes some
specified action when the corresponding condition becomes true. The
DATA system is an excellent tool to implement alerting due to its
ability to view the database at previous points in time. This work
describes the implementation of the DATA system." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Apr 12 08:32:56 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KIMBROUGH84,
key    =    "Kimbrough et al." ,
author    =    "Kimbrough, S. O. and Lee, R. M. and Ness, D. N." ,
title    =    "Performative, Informative and Emotive Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference
on Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 21:18:35 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inbook        ( KINZINGER83,
key    =    "Kinzinger" ,
author    =    "Kinzinger, H." ,
title    =    "Erweiterungen einer Dataenbank-Anfragesprache zur
Unterstuetzung des Versionenkonzepts (Query Language Extensions to
Support Time Version Concepts)" ,
booktitle=    "Informatick Fachberichte 72" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin-Heidelberg-New York" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 21:03:42 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( KIPS95,
key    =    "Kokkotos S., Ioannidis E.V., Panayiotopoulos T.,
Spyropoulos C.D." ,
author    =    "S. Kokkotos and E.V. Ioannidis and T.
Panayiotopoulos and C.D. Spyropoulos" ,
title    =    "On the Issue of Valid Time(s) in Temporal
Databases" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    sep ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "40-43" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@book        ( KIRKALDY77,
key    =    "Kirkaldy" ,
author    =    "Kirkaldy, J. F." ,
title    =    "Geological Time" ,
publisher=    "Oliver and Boyd" ,
address    =    "Edinburgh, UK" ,
year    =    "1977" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KJJKR94,
author    =    "Dong Ho Kim and Keun Whan Jeon and Kyung Ja Jeong
and Kee Jung Kim and Keun Ho Ryu" ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Database Management Main Memory
Prototype}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 1994 IEEE Region 10 Annual
International Conference" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "391-396" ,
month    =    aug ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KLAHOLD86,
key    =    "Klahold et al." ,
author    =    "Klahold, P. and Schlageter, G. and Wilkes, W." ,
title    =    "A General Model for Version Management in
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Twelve International Conference
on VLDB" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Sep  8 08:51:26 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE92,
key    =    "Kline" ,
author    =    "Kline, N." ,
title    =    "Dissertation Proposal: Efficient Evaluation of
Aggregates in Temporal Databases" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "40" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona 85721" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "25" ,
keywords=    "aggregates, temporal databases" ,
abstract=    "We propose research in efficient aggregate
evaluation in temporal database management systems. Existing work in
the area of aggregate implementation has concentrated on the areas of
optimization of relational algebra and calculus queries, and is not
applicable to aggregate queries in temporal databases. Temporal
aggregate queries are likely to be much more costly because of the
greater number of tuples being considered and because more state needs
to be maintained during the computation of the aggregate. We may
greatly increase the efficiency of aggregation by exploiting different
algorithms for computation, novel intermediate processing structures,
incremental evaluation strategies, the presence of valid or
transaction time, and storage structure properties, such as sort
orders, physical clustering, and auxiliary indices." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 10 09:53:45 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE93A,
key    =    "Kline" ,
author    =    "Kline, N." ,
title    =    "Specifying Multiple Calendars, Calendric Systems,
and Field Functions and Tables in MultiCal" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "46" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona, 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "April" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr 14 00:42:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE93B,
key    =    "Kline" ,
author    =    "Kline, N." ,
title    =    "The Gregorian Calendar Specification" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "47" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona, 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "April" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr 14 00:46:32 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE93C,
key    =    "Kline \& So" ,
author    =    "Kline, N. and So, L." ,
title    =    "The Timecard Calendar Specification" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "48" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona, 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "April" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 22 21:09:02 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE93D,
key    =    "Kline" ,
author    =    "Kline, N." ,
title    =    "Temporal Database Bibliography" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "53" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
pages    =    "16" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 27 01:55:09 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE93E,
key    =    "Kline \& Soo" ,
author    =    "Kline, N. and Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "The SQL92 Calendar Specification" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "54" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 27 01:56:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( KLINE93G,
key    =    "Kline" ,
author    =    "Kline, N." ,
title    =    "An Update of the Temporal Database Bibliography" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "22" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec  4 16:47:49 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
pages    =    "66--80" ,
)

@techreport    ( KLINE94F,
key    =    "Kline et al." ,
author    =    "Kline, N. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Leung, T.Y." ,
title    =    "Aggregates for TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:43:58 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KLINE95,
key    =    "Kline \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Kline, N. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Computing Temporal Aggregates" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference
on Database Engineering, 1995" ,
address    =    "Tapei, Taiwan" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:22:01 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@incollection    ( KLINE95V1,
key    =    "Kline et al." ,
author    =    "N. Kline and R.~T. Snodgrass and T. ~Y. Cliff
Leung" ,
title    =    "Aggregates" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "21" ,
pages    =    "395--425" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KLOPPROGGE81,
key    =    "Klopprogge" ,
author    =    "Klopprogge, M. R." ,
title    =    "TERM: An Approach to Include the Time Dimension in
the Entity-Relationship Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second International Conference
on the Entity Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "477--512" ,
abstract=    "The entity-relationship model (ERM) is augmented
by a time-dimension. The resulting data model TERM allows the
definition of application specific patterns of temporal change
including concepts for the treatment of incomplete or unprecise data
(history structures). Furthermore, TERM supplies two concepts for data
manipulation, namely, completion for continuing histories (instead of
overwriting states), and correction for altering erroneous data." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 22:45:32 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KLOPPROGGE83,
key    =    "Klopprogge \& Lockemann" ,
author    =    "Klopprogge, M. R. and Lockemann, P. C." ,
title    =    "Modelling Information Preserving Databases:
Consequences of the Concept of Time" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Florence, Italy" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "399--416" ,
editor    =    "Schkolnick, M. and Thanos, C." ,
abstract=    "Many modern database applications must preserve a
record of the past over and above the current state of an application
environment. For these applications, the concept of time is of central
inportance. Databases that model these applications cannot be based on
the concept of state alone but must replace it by the concept of
history as a function from a temporal domain to some value set. Such
databases will be referred to as information preserving databases. The
paper explores the consequences of the history concept mainly from a
database design point of view. Firstly, the entity-relationship model
is extended to include histories. Secondly, and this is the central
topic, the paper introduces for it a framework for inferring states of
the past that have not explicitly been stored in the database. The
framework is based on the notion of uncertainty, and uses procedural
means and ground rules for limiting uncertainty to a few well-defined
situations. Thirdly, the paper reviews the update semantics which
become slightly more complex than in traditional databases. An
extensive example illustrates the various concepts developed in the
paper." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:04:25 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( KLOPPROGGE83B,
key    =    "Klopprogge" ,
author    =    "Klopprogge, M. R." ,
title    =    "Entity and Relationship Histories: A Concept for
Describing and Managing Time Variant Information in Databases" ,
school    =    "Universitat Karlsruhe" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, FRG" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 20:35:49 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( KNIGHT93,
key    =    "Kinight \& Jixin" ,
author    =    "Knight, B. and Jixin, M." ,
title    =    "An Extended Temporal System based on Points and
Intervals" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "18" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "111-120" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 22:59:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( KNIGHT93-94,
author    =    "Knight, B. and Ma, J." ,
title    =    "{Time Representation: a Taxonomy of Temporal
Models}" ,
journal    =    "Artificial Intelligence Review" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "6" ,
pages    =    "401-409" ,
year    =    "1993-1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( KNIGHT94,
author    =    "Knight, B. and Ma, J." ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Database Model Supporting Relative and
Absolute Time}" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "37" ,
number    =    "7" ,
pages    =    "588-597" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( KNOLMAYER88,
key    =    "Knolmayer" ,
author    =    "Knolmayer, G." ,
title    =    "Die Beruecksichtigung des Zeitbezugs von Daten bei
der Gestaltung computer-gestuetzter Informationssysteme (Considering
Time Aspects of Data in the Development of Computer-based Information
Systems)" ,
number    =    "215" ,
institution=    "Institut fuer Betriebswirtschaftslehre" ,
address    =    "D-23 Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Germany" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
month    =    "may" ,
note    =    "covers both historical and temporal databases" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 10:06:26 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOBAYASHI85A,
key    =    "Kobayashi" ,
author    =    "Kobayashi, I." ,
title    =    "Temporal Aspect of Databases: Interaction Between
State and Event Relations" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 2.6 Working Conference
on Data Semantics (DS-1)" ,
organization=    "IFIP" ,
address    =    "Hasselt, Belgium" ,
editor    =    "Steel, T.B. and Meersman, R." ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "223--232" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland, Amsterdam" ,
abstract=    "There are various ways of forming historical
databases. In this paper, a virtual database, which contains an
infinite number of tuples and to which one can ask the real world
state at any moment, is discussed first, and then an event database,
which has an equivalent expressive power to the infinite state
database, is presented. Transformation between these two databases
together with transformations of queries and rules (constraints) on
them are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:04:17 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( KOBAYASHI86A,
key    =    "Kobayashi" ,
author    =    "Kobayashi, I." ,
title    =    "A Schema Equivalence Problem in Historical
Databases" ,
type    =    "Sanno College Bulletin, 6, No." ,
number    =    "2" ,
institution=    "Sanno Institute of Business Administration, School
of Management and Informatics" ,
address    =    "Kamikasuya 1573, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-11, Japan" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
abstract=    "I order to answer queries asking something about
past states of the real world, it is necessary to create and maintain
a historical database. There are various ways of forming such
historical databases. In this paper, a virtual database, which
contains an infinite number of tuples and to which one can ask the
real world state at any moment of time, is discussed first, and then
an event database, which has an equivalent expressive power to the
infinite state database but contains only a finite number of tuples,
is presented. Transformation between these two databases together with
transformation of queries and rules (constraints) on them are
discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:17:42 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOBAYASHI86B,
key    =    "Kobayashi" ,
author    =    "Kobayashi, I." ,
title    =    "Temporal Aspect of Databases: Interaction Between
State and Event Relations" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 2.6 Working Conference
on Data Semantics (DS-1)" ,
organization=    "IFIP" ,
address    =    "Hasselt, Belgium" ,
editor    =    "Steel, T.B. and Meersman, R." ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "223--232" ,
abstract=    "There are various ways of forming historical
databases. In this paper, a virtual database, which contains an
infinite number of tuples and to which one can ask the real world
state at any moment, is discussed first, and then an event database,
which has an equivalent expressive power to the infinite state
database, is presented. Transformations of queries and rules
(constraints) on them are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Sep 11 23:02:59 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOCBERBER91,
key    =    "Kocberber \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Kocberber, S. and Tansel, A." ,
title    =    "An Index Structure for Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Computer and Information Sciences VI - Proceedings
of the 1991 International Symposium" ,
address    =    "Side, Turkey" ,
month    =    "Oct.-Nov." ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "169--178" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:35:54 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOLOVSON89,
key    =    "Kolovson \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Kolovson, C. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Indexing Techniques for Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference
on Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "127--137" ,
abstract=    "Database management systems that maintain
historical data provide the facility of storing past states of the
database for subsequent retrieval. Such systems may periodically
transfer historical data from magnetic disk to optical disk. In order
to efficiently maintain historical data, a database management system
needs indexing mechanisms that provide efficient access paths to
historical data that may be stored on optical disk. These indexes must
be space-efficient, and may themselves be partially or completely
contained on either medium. In this paper we propose two indexig
structures based on R-Trees that are well-suited for historical data
which may span magnetic and optical disk media. We compare the
performance of these indexes to two other indexing candidates that are
each contained entirely on one medium. Our test results indicate that
our proposed indexes perform well when compared to an index that is
contained entirely on optical disk. We conclude by discussing our plan
for future work to design other types of indexing structures for
historical databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 12 10:07:05 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( KOLOVSON90,
key    =    "Kolovson \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Kolovson, C. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "S-Trees: Database Indexing Techniques for
Multi-Dimensional Interval Data" ,
number    =    "UCB/ERL M90/35" ,
institution=    "University of California" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, California" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "17" ,
abstract=    "We propose new techniques for indexing interval
data in K dimensions, K>=1, which are based on a set of extensions to
existing database indexing structures. These extensions may be applied
to multi-attribute spatial data indexing structures such as R-Trees,
as well as to one-dimensional indexes such as B-Trees. We present the
extensions, the motivation for these techniques, describe how they
would be applied to R-Trees and B-Trees, and present the results of a
performance study which demonstrates the soundness of our approach." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 10:54:32 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOLOVSON91,
key    =    "Kolovson \& Stonebreaker" ,
author    =    "Kolovson, C. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Segment Indexes: Dynamic Indexing Techniques for
Multi-dimensional Interval Data" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:46:21 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( KOLOVSON93,
key    =    "Kolovson" ,
author    =    "Kolovson, C." ,
title    =    "Indexing Techniques for Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "17" ,
pages    =    "418--432" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:23:33 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KORTH90,
key    =    "Korth \& Speegle" ,
author    =    "Korth, H. and Speegle, G." ,
title    =    "Long Duration Transactions in Software Design
Projects" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, California" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 24 08:19:46 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOUBARAKIS92,
author    =    "M. Koubarakis" ,
title    =    ({Dense Time and Temporal Constraints with "not
equals") ,
)

@article    ( KOUBARAKIS94,
title    =    " Database Models for Infinite and Indefinite
Temporal Information " ,
author    =    " M. Koubarakis " ,
pages    =    "141--173 " ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    1994 ,
volume    =    19 ,
number    =    2 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOUBARAKIS94A,
author    =    "M. Koubarakis" ,
title    =    "{Foundations of Indefinite Constraint Databases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOUBARAKIS94B,
author    =    "M. Koubarakis" ,
title    =    "{Complexity Results for First-Order Theories of
Temporal Constraints" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( KOUBARAKIS94C,
author    =    "M. Koubarakis" ,
title    =    "{Foundations of Temporal Constraint Databases}" ,
school    =    "Computer Science Division, National Technical
University of Athens" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    feb ,
address    =    "Greece" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOUBARAKIS95,
key    =    "Koubarakis" ,
author    =    "Koubarakis, M." ,
title    =    "Databases and Temporal Constraints: Semantics and
Complexity" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "93--112" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:32:31 1995" ,
abstract=    "We continue the development of a theory of
constraint databases with indefinite information which we originated
in our previous research. Initially we review the schemes of
L-constraint databases and indefinite L-constraint databases where L,
the parameter, is a first-order constraint language. Then we consider
several instances of these schemes where L is a language for
expressing information about atomic data values and time. We
collectively refer to these models as temporal constraint databases
and indefinite temporal constraint databases. We give a detailed
characterization of the computational complexity of query answering
for various classes of temporal constraint databases and queries. Our
results results are theoretical but can be summarized as follows for a
wider database audience: The worst-case complexity of query evaluation
does not change when we move from queries in relational calculus over
relational databases, to queries in relational calculus with temporal
constraints over temporal constraint databases. This fact remains true
even if we consider indefinite relational databases vs. indefinite
temporal constraint databases." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOUBARAKIS95A,
author    =    "M. Koubarakis" ,
title    =    "{From Local to Global Consistency in Temporal
Constraint Networks" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN91,
key    =    "Kouramajian \& Elmasri" ,
author    =    "Kouramajian, V. and Elmasri, R." ,
title    =    "Mapping of 2-D Temporal Extended ER Models into
Temporal FNF and NFNF Relational Models" ,
booktitle=    "The 10th International Conference on the Entity
Relationship Approach" ,
publisher=    "E/R Institute" ,
address    =    "San Mateo, California" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "671--689" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 26 10:35:45 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN94,
key    =    "Kouramajian et al." ,
author    =    "Kouramajian, Vram and Kamel, Ibrahim and Elmasri,
Ramez and Waheed, Syed" ,
title    =    "The Time Index+: An Incremental Access Structure
for Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Information and
Knowledge Management" ,
address    =    "Gaithersburg, Maryland" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec  1 10:51:23 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN94A,
author    =    "V. Kouramajian and R. Elmasri" ,
title    =    "{Uncertainty in Valid Time Databases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN94B,
author    =    "V. Kouramajian" ,
title    =    "{Incorporating Time in Databases (Tutorial)}" ,
booktitle=    "1st International Conference on Temporal Logic" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Bonn, Germany" ,
month    =    jul ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN95,
author    =    "V. Kouramajian and R. Elmasri" ,
title    =    "{The TI/R Tree : A Temporal-Spatial Access
Structure" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KOURAMAJIAN95BV,
author    =    "Kouramajian, V. and Gertz, M." ,
title    =    "{A Visual Query Editor for Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 14th International Conference
on Object-Oriented & Entity Relationship Modelling" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "M.P. Papazoglou" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1021" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
month    =    dec ,
address    =    "Gold Coast, Australia" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( KOWALSKI86,
key    =    "Kowalski \& Sergot" ,
author    =    "Kowalski, R. A. and Sergot, M. J." ,
title    =    "A Logic-based Calculus of Events" ,
journal    =    "New Generation Computing" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "67--95" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 21:08:04 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( KOWALSKI92,
key    =    "Kowalski" ,
author    =    "Kowalski, R." ,
title    =    "Database Updates in the Event Calculus" ,
journal    =    "The Journal of Logic Programming" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc." ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "121--146" ,
abstract=    "This paper investigates a special case of the
event calculus, concerned with database updates. It discusses the way
relational databases, historical databases, modal logic, the situation
calculus, and case semantics deal with database updates and compares
the event calculus with the situation calculus in detail. It argues
that the event calculus can overcome the computational aspects of the
frame problem in the situation calculus and that it can be implemented
with an efficiency approaching that of destructive assignment in
relational databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 16 23:17:22 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@article    ( KRAMER91,
author    =    "B.M. Kramer and V.K. Chaudhri and M. Koubarakis
and T. Topaloglou and H. Wang and J. Mylopoulos" ,
title    =    "{Implementing Telos" ,
)

@inbook        ( KROGER87,
key    =    "Kroger" ,
author    =    "Kroger, F." ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic of Programs" ,
publisher=    "EATCS" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
series    =    "Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:51:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KS93,
key    =    "Kesim \& Sergot" ,
author    =    "F. Nihan Kesim and Marek J. Sergot" ,
title    =    "Versioning of Objects in Deductive Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases" ,
pages    =    "459-472" ,
month    =    dec ,
address    =    "Scottsdale, AZ" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KS94,
key    =    "Stavros Kokkotos, Constantine D. Spyropoulos" ,
author    =    "Stavros Kokkotos and Constantine D. Spyropoulos" ,
title    =    "A Framework for Developing Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 856" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
pages    =    "236-245" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KS95,
key    =    "Kline \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Nick Kline and Richard T. Snodgrass " ,
title    =    "Computing Temporal Aggregates " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "222-231" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KS95B,
key    =    "Kesim \& Sergot " ,
author    =    "N. Kesim and M. Sergot " ,
title    =    "Schema Evolution in a Deductive Framework" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Reasoning Workshop of the International
Conference on Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( KSW95,
title    =    " Handling Infinite Temporal Data " ,
author    =    " F. Kabanza and J.M. Stevenne and P. Wolper " ,
pages    =    "3--17" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Computer and System Sciences" ,
month    =    aug ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    51 ,
number    =    1 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KTF95,
key    =    "Anil Kumar, Vassilis J. Tsotras, Christos
Faloutsos" ,
author    =    "Anil Kumar and Vassilis J. Tsotras and Christos
Faloutsos" ,
title    =    "Access Methods for Bi-Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "235-254" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( KTF95B,
title    =    "{Designing Access Methods for Bitemporal Databases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KU95,
key    =    "Keller \& Ullman" ,
author    =    "Arthur M. Keller and Jeffrey D. Ullman" ,
title    =    "A Version Numbering Scheme with a Useful
Lexicographical Order" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "240-248" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUCERA92,
author    =    "Kucera, H.A. and Sondheim, M." ,
title    =    "{SAIF - Conquering Space and Time" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUCERA93,
author    =    "Kucera, H.A. and Sondheim,M. and Varma, H. and
Keighan, E." ,
title    =    "{Spatial and Temporal Operators to Extend SQL3" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUCERA94,
author    =    "Kucera, H.A. and Friesen, P. and Sondheim, M." ,
title    =    "{SQL/MM: The Open Systems Approach to
Spatiotemporal Databases" ,
)

@article    ( KUCERA95,
author    =    "Kucera, H.A. and Graves, R.B. and Flaherty, M." ,
title    =    "{Building a Spatiotemporal Framework for
Statistical Information" ,
)

@book        ( KUDLEK71,
key    =    "Kudlek \& Mickler" ,
author    =    "Kudlek, M. and Mickler, E." ,
title    =    "Solar and Lunar Eclipses of the Ancient Near East
from 3000 B.C. to 0 with Maps" ,
publisher=    "Verlag Butzon \& Bercker Kevelaer" ,
address    =    "Neukirchen--Vluyn" ,
year    =    "1971" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUMAR87E,
key    =    "Kumar \& Mukerjee" ,
author    =    "Kumar, Krishna and Mukerjee, Amitabha" ,
title    =    "Temporal Event Conceptualization" ,
booktitle=    "International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "472--475" ,
month    =    "August" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUMAR95,
key    =    "Kumar et al." ,
author    =    "Kumar, A. and Tsotras, V. J. and Faloutsos, C." ,
title    =    "Access Methods for Bi-Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "235--254" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:51:30 1995" ,
abstract=    "While much work has recently appeared in
literature on access methods for transaction-time databases, not much
has been done for indexing bitemporal databases, i.e., databases that
incorporate both transaction and valid time dimensions. In this paper
we first discuss the issues involved in addressing general bitemporal
queries and then propose two general approaches in solving such
queries. For simplicity we present our findings in relation to the
so-called bitemporal pure-timeslice query. However our methodology
applies to more complex bitemporal queries. The first approach reduces
bitemporal queries to partial persistence problems for which an
efficient method is then designed. Using this approach we introduce a
new access method for the bitemporal pure-timeslice query, the
Bitemporal Interval Tree. The second approach 'sees' bitemporal data
objects as consisting of two intervals, a valid-time and a
transaction-time interval. It then divides bitemporal data objects in
two categories according to whether the right endpoint of the
transaction time interval is known, and uses a different. R*-tree
based organization, for each category. In this paper we present the
advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. In addition we
compare them through simulation with a straightforward approach that
'sees' the intervals associated with a bitemporal object as one
rectangle that is stored in a single R*-tree." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUNG83,
key    =    "KUNG" ,
author    =    "Kung, C." ,
title    =    "An Analysis of Three Conceptual Models with Time
Perspectives" ,
booktitle=    "Information Systems Design Methodologies: A
Feature Analysis" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
editor    =    "Olle, T." ,
publisher=    "North Holland" ,
pages    =    "141--168" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 07:51:02 1990" ,
owner    =    "Robyn" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( KUNG84A,
key    =    "Kung" ,
author    =    "Kung, C. H." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for Information Systems
Specification and Verification" ,
school    =    "Norwegian Institute of Technology" ,
address    =    "Trondheim, Norway" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 20:42:27 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUNG84B,
key    =    "Kung" ,
author    =    "Kung, C. H." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Framework for Database Specification
and Verification" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "91--99" ,
editor    =    "Dayal, U. and Schlageter, G. and Seng, L.H." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 20:44:02 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUNG85,
key    =    "Kung" ,
author    =    "Kung, C. H." ,
title    =    "On Verification of Database Temporal Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Navathe S." ,
address    =    "Austin, TX" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "169--179" ,
keywords=    "software engineering; databases; semantic
integrity; temporal dimension; formal verification of specifications" ,
abstract=    "A database specification consists of static and
temporal constraints and a set of database operation descriptions. A
database is viewed as a dynamic object and a sequence of database
states constitutes an evolution of the database. A formal method for
verifying database specifications is proposed. The method checks if
the static constraints are consistent, analyses the database operation
descriptions to ensure that each operation can ever be executed, and
finally, it verifies that each permissible sequence of operations
satisfies all the temporal contraints." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 11 12:09:59 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUNG85B,
key    =    "Kung" ,
author    =    "Kung, C. H." ,
title    =    "A Tableaux Approach for Consistency Checking" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference
on Theoretical and Formal Aspects of Information Systems" ,
address    =    "Barcelona, Spain" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "191--207" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 10 20:35:54 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KUNG86,
key    =    "Kung" ,
author    =    "Kung, C." ,
title    =    "Activity Modeling and Behavior Modeling of
Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Information Systems Design Methodologies:
Improving the Practice" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 07:53:28 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KURT95,
author    =    "A. Kurt and Z.M. Ozsoyoglu" ,
title    =    "{Modeling and Querying Periodic Temporal
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
pages    =    "124-133" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KURT95A,
author    =    "A. Kurt and Z.M. Ozsoyoglu" ,
title    =    "{Modeling Periodic Time and Calendars}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Applications of Databases" ,
pages    =    "221-234" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KURUTACH94,
author    =    "W. Kurutach" ,
title    =    "{FITMod: a Fuzzy Interval-based Temporal Model for
Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Australian and New
Zealand Conference on Intelligent Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "442-446" ,
address    =    "Brisbane, Australia" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( KURUTACH95,
author    =    "W. Kurutach" ,
title    =    "{Modelling Fuzzy Interval-based Temporal
Information: a Temporal Database Perspective}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International
Conference on Fuzzy Systems" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "741-748" ,
month    =    mar ,
address    =    "Yokohama, Japan" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LADKIN87,
key    =    "Ladkin" ,
author    =    "Ladkin, Peter" ,
title    =    "The Completeness of a Natural System for Reasoning
with Time Intervals" ,
booktitle=    "International Joint Conference on Artificial
Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "462--467" ,
month    =    "August" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( LADKIN87A,
key    =    "Ladkin" ,
author    =    "Ladkin, P." ,
title    =    "The Logic of Time Representation" ,
school    =    "University of California, Berkeley" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, California" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LALIOTI95AV,
author    =    "Lalioti, V. and Theodoulidis, C." ,
title    =    "{Visual Scenarios for Validation of Requirements
Specification}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on
Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Rochville, Maryland" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LALIOTI95V,
author    =    "Lalioti, V. and Theodoulidis, C." ,
title    =    "{Use of Scenarios for Validation of Conceptual
Specifications}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on
the Next Generation of CASE Tools" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Jyvaskyla, Finland" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( LAMPORT78,
key    =    "Lamport" ,
title    =    "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a
Distributed System" ,
author    =    "Lamport, L." ,
journal    =    "cacm" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "7" ,
pages    =    "558--565" ,
)

@techreport    ( LAMPORT87,
key    =    "Lamport" ,
author    =    "Lamport, L." ,
title    =    "Synchronizing Time Servers" ,
number    =    "18" ,
institution=    "Digital Systems Research Center" ,
address    =    "Palo Alto, CA" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "1--34" ,
abstract=    "A time service in a distributed system may be used
both for multiprocess synchronization and for simply finding out what
time it is. For synchronization, the time provided by different
servers should be closely synchronized. For telling time, the time
provided by each server should be a close approximation to Universal
Time (the international time standard). Algorithms are presented for
implementing a fault-tolerant time service that meets both
requirements." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 11 16:37:08 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LANDAU93,
key    =    "Landau et al." ,
author    =    "Landau, G. M. and Schmidt, J. P. and Tsotras, V.
J." ,
title    =    "Efficient Support of Historical Queries for
Multiple Lines of Evolution" ,
booktitle=    "Ninth International Conference on Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "319--326" ,
abstract=    "Traditional approaches to history reconstruction
problems assume a single line of evolution, i.e., a system (a
database, a relation or a collection of objects) evolves over time by
applying a set of operations on it. Historical queries are of the
form: 'find the employees working in a company on January 1st, 1990'.
There are however, complex applications where the system's state
evolves in a way that results in multiple lines of evolution (such as
for example a company that splits into a number of subsidiaries, which
on turn may split into new subsidiaries and so on). In general, this
creates a tree (hierarchy) of evolution lines, where each node in the
tree represents the evolution of a subsidiary. Consider the following
(vertical) historical query: 'find the employees working for a
subsidiary C or one of its ancestors, on January 1st, 1990'; it may
well be C did not yet exists at that time, but it was an ancestor A of
C that existed; in this case the answer to the query are the employees
of A. Another (horizontal) historical query of interest is the
following: given a subsidiary B, 'find all the employees which were
employed on January 1st, 1990, by subsidiaries which were descendents
of B'. This paper focuses on the search parts of these historical
queries; several reconstruction methods, designed for single evolution
lines may then be used." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon May 17 18:28:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LANDIS86,
key    =    "Landis" ,
author    =    "Landis, G." ,
title    =    "Design Evolution and history in an Object-Oriented
CAD/CAM Database" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. of IEEE" ,
month    =    "March" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
address    =    "San Francisco, USA" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LANING82,
key    =    "Laning et al." ,
author    =    "Laning, L. J. and Walla, G. O. and Airaghi, L. S." ,
title    =    "A DSS Oversight -- Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "DSS-82 Transactions" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "87--95" ,
editor    =    "Dickson, G. W." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 24 13:16:36 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LANKA91,
author    =    "S. Lanka and E. Mays" ,
title    =    "{Fully Persistent B+-Trees}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
pages    =    "426-435" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( LAUSEN82,
key    =    "Lausen" ,
author    =    "Lausen, G." ,
title    =    "Analyse und Steuerung Paralleler Transaktionen in
Einem Versionen-Datenbanksystem" ,
school    =    "Karlsruhe" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Sep  8 08:55:31 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LAWSON93,
key    =    "Lawson et al." ,
author    =    "Lawson, T. and Balthazaar, C. and Gray, A." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Approach to Temporal Modelling" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:53:18 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LD94,
key    =    "Shieu-Hong Lin and Thomas Dean" ,
author    =    "Shieu-Hong Lin and Thomas Dean" ,
title    =    "Localized Temporal Reasoning: A State-Based
Approach" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( LEE85,
key    =    "Lee et al." ,
author    =    "Lee, R. M. and Coelho, H. and Cotta, J. C." ,
title    =    "Temporal Inferencing on Administrative Databases" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "10" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "197--206" ,
keywords=    "logical databases; temporal logic" ,
abstract=    "Temporal inferencing is basic to business data
processing, e.g. in such concepts as income, wealth, exchange,
budgeting and contractual commitment. Time appears in numerous forms
within the information system, however, in data items of varying
syntax; or implicitly, in the current state of the database. Here, a
uniform concept of time bases on temporal intervals over a continuous
calendar scale is suggested for administrative applications. Temporal
operators and related axioms are proposed for logical databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 14 11:45:29 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEE85B,
key    =    "Lee" ,
author    =    "Lee, R. M." ,
title    =    "A Denotational Semantics for Administrative
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 2.6 Working Conference
on Data Semantics (DS-1)" ,
organization=    "IFIP" ,
address    =    "Hasselt, Belgium" ,
editor    =    "Steel, T.B. and Meersman, R." ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "83--120" ,
keywords=    "logic and databases, database semantics, ontology,
denotational semantics, temporal logic, deontic logic" ,
abstract=    "A denotational semantics for administrative
databases is proposed. Databases are regarded as a collection of
logical assertions. However, database applications typically embody a
much broader range of discourse than is typical in formal logic.
Semantic aspects considered here include basic ontology in
administrative contexts; individuation and identification issues;
numbers and measurement; temporal and deontic aspects" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 25 22:38:32 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@techreport    ( LEE87,
key    =    "Lee et al." ,
author    =    "Lee, I. and Davidson, S. and Wolfe, V." ,
title    =    "Motivating Time as a First Class Entity" ,
number    =    "MS-CIS-87-54" ,
institution=    "University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
pages    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:22:43 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( LELAKIS90,
key    =    "Lelakis" ,
author    =    "Lelakis, G." ,
title    =    "Experimental Extension of SQL for the Management
of Intervals" ,
school    =    "National Technical University of Athens" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 23:53:19 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEPAPE87,
key    =    "LePape \& Smith" ,
author    =    "LePape, C. and Smith, S. F." ,
title    =    "Management of Temporal Constraints for Factory
Scheduling" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "165--177" ,
keywords=    "Constraint propagation; temporal constraints; time
bound maintenance; consistency checking; job stop scheduling" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we present constraint propagation
techniques used in the OPIS scheduling system to update schedule
descriptions and detect introduced inconsistencies. Our approach is
summarized as follows: 1) A hierarchical model is used to represent
resources and operations to be performed. Schedules are developed and
maintained at different levels of precision which are explicitly
associated with resources and operations; constraint propagation is
correspondingly performed at different levels. 2) Various scheduling
constraints are attached to resources and operations, and combined to
derive time bound constraints. A description of the original
constraints that collectively impose a bound is explicitly recorded.
3) Time bound constraints are maintained by an object-oriented
propagation process: through messages, resources and operations
communicate constraints and cooperate to compute in time bounds. 4)
When time bounds are inconsistent, their origins provide the
information required to construt an appropriate description of the
conflicting situtation. This description provides OPIS with
information needed to make reactive decisions." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 11:29:18 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( LEUNG89,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Query Processing For Temporal Databases" ,
number    =    "CSD-890024" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of
California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "1--24" ,
abstract=    "With the need for storing time-varying information
in databases and the availability of cheap storage units, building
temporal databases becomes more attractive and realistic. In this
paper, we consider query processing and optimization for temporal
databases; an area that is seldom discussed in the literature. As
storing temporal information in databases is a new application area,
it is not surprising that it imposes new requirements for effective
query processing techniques. Conventional relational systems are often
inefficient for temporal queries because these requirements are not
taken into consideration. As an example, a temporal join often
contains a conjunction of several inequalities involving timestamps.
This type of query is conventionally processed using the nested-loop
join algorithm, which may not be the most efficient method for this
type of qualification. A query having a conjuction of a number of
inequalities as the join condition can be processed much more
efficiently using new processing strategies. We discuss a stream
processing approach for temporal query processing. Given properly
sorted data, the implementation of temporal joins and semijoins as
stream processors can be very effective. We also discuss the tradeoffs
between sort orders, the amount of local workspace and multiple scans
over input streams; particularly, we are interested in the effect of
sort ordering on the local workspace requirement. We present stream
processing algorithms for various temporal joins and semijoins, and
their workspace requirements for various data sort orderings. We note
that the optimal sort ordering for a query may depend on the
statistics of data instances. Finally, we point out that semantic
query optimization can play an important and natural role in temporal
databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 22 08:05:11 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEUNG90,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Query Processing for Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, California" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 23 10:14:07 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( LEUNG91,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Processing and Optimization in
Multiprocessor Database Machines" ,
number    =    "CSD-910077" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, UCLA" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we address issues involving
temporal data fragmentation, temporal query processing, and query
optimization in multiprocessor database machines. The impact of
conventional data fragmentation schemes on various temporal queries is
discussed. We propose parallel processing strategies for complex
temporal pattern queries (such as multi-way joins) which are based on
partitioning temporal relations on timestamp values, and optimizations
for processing snapshot operators (i.e., comparison predicates
involving timestamps). We analyze the proposed schemes quantitatively
and discuss the advantages and limitations. Implementation aspects of
the proposed schemes and other parallel query processing techniques
are also presented." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 19 13:50:09 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( LEUNG91A,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Stream Processing: Temporal Query Processing and
Optimization" ,
number    =    "CSD-910079" ,
institution=    "University of California, Los Angeles" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
pages    =    "34" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we present a stream processing
approach to query processing and optimization in temporal databases.
We first discuss the distinctions between timestamps which store
relevant time information and ordinary integer-based attributes, and
show that most of the temporal operators found in the literature are
equivalent to traditional realational algebra. However, temporal data
and queries have several intrinsic characteristics taht can be
exploited in query processing and optimization. Based on the stream
processing paradigm, we discuss the processing strategies for various
temporal operators. A summary of the current status in the area of
temporal query processing and optimization, and some research issues
that should be addressed in the future are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun May  3 19:40:04 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEUNG92,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Generalized Data Stream Indexing and Temporal
Query Processing" ,
booktitle=    "Second International Workshop on Research Issues
in Data Engineering: Transaction and Query Processing" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
abstract=    "We present a novel indexing technique for temporal
data streams which are sorted on the effective start time attribute.
The index can be exploited in processing complex temporal pattern
queries (such as multi-way joins) that are qualified with snapshot
operators (e.g. the as of operator). The advantages and limitations of
the proposed scheme and a quantitative analysis of the storage
requirements are presented. We propose some optimization alternatives
that can reduce the storage requirements." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 19 13:47:54 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEUNG92A,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. C. and Muntz, R. R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Processing and Optimization in
Multiprocessor Database Machines" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( LEUNG92B,
key    =    "Leung" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. C." ,
title    =    "Query Processing and Optimization in Temporal
Database Systems" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer Science, University of
California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 23:58:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( LEUNG93,
key    =    "Leung \& Muntz" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. and Muntz, R." ,
title    =    "Stream Processing: Temporal Query Processing and
Optimization" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "14" ,
pages    =    "329--355" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:19:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( LEUNG94B,
key    =    "Leung et al." ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. C. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass,
R.~T." ,
title    =    "Update in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:43:48 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( LEUNG95A,
key    =    "Leung \& Pirahesh" ,
author    =    "Leung, T.Y.C. and Pirahesh, H." ,
title    =    "Querying Historical Data in IBM DB2 C/S DBMS Using
Recursive SQL" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
series    =    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "315--331" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 20 14:54:04 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LEUNG95B,
key    =    "Leung \& Pirahesh" ,
author    =    "Leung, T. Y. C. and Pirahesh, H." ,
title    =    "Querying Historical Data in IBM DB2 C/S DBMS Using
Recursive SQL" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "215--331" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 15:09:14 1995" ,
abstract=    "Many applications handle time-varying data. In
this paper, we discuss how existing features of IBM DB2 for AIX
Version 2 can be used to support this type of applications
efficiently, in terms of both storage and query evaluation 1 We
discuss several temporal data models, the trade-offs among these
models, and how one can formulate so-called 'as of' or 'time-slice'
queries in these models. We also show how 'time-coalesce' operation
can be expressed directly in SQL. In all these features, the recursive
SQL capability supported by DB2 plays a crucial role. While DB2 lacks
many temporal features proposed in the literature, we show to what
extent existing features of a commercial DBMS, such as DB2, can be
used to provide some advanced supports for time-varying data." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@incollection    ( LEUNG95V1,
key    =    "Leung et al." ,
author    =    "T. ~Y. Cliff Leung and C.~S. Jensen and R.~T.
Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Modification" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "14" ,
pages    =    "299--303" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LI92,
key    =    "Li \& Ting" ,
author    =    "Li, B. and Ting, T." ,
title    =    "An Event-state Approach to Handling Temporal
Queries in an Extended Relational Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Second International Workshop on Research Issues
of Data Engineering: Transaction and Query Processing" ,
address    =    "Tempe, AZ" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:26:08 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LIGOZAT89,
key    =    "Ligozat \& Bestougeff" ,
author    =    "Ligozat, G. and Bestougeff, H." ,
title    =    "On Relations Between Intervals" ,
journal    =    "Information Processing Letters" ,
volume    =    "32" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "177--182" ,
keywords=    "Interval based temporal logic; primitive
relations; polygon; transitivity table" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec  8 10:49:24 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( LING88,
key    =    "Ling" ,
author    =    "Ling, D. H. O." ,
title    =    "Query Execution and Temporal Support in
Distributed Database Systems" ,
school    =    "Institute of Informatics, University of Ulster" ,
address    =    "UK" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 17:09:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LING90,
key    =    "Ling \& Bell" ,
author    =    "Ling, D. H. O. and D. A. Bell" ,
title    =    "Taxonomy of time models in databases" ,
journal    =    "Information and Software Technology" ,
volume    =    "32" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "Apr" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "215--224" ,
keywords=    "Databases, temporal data, time models" ,
abstract=    "A study of real-world database applications that
include time-related queries, and an examination of various approaches
to easing the development of such applications, leads to the
identification of three major issues to be addressed in temporal
database systems. These are the representation of time at a conceptual
level, the designof a usable and effective neans of querying temporal
data, and the specification of physical access strategies and methods
to ensure the efficiency of access to (bulky) temporaldata. The paper
provides a taxonomy of methods and approaches for each of these
issues, showing the extent to which various researchers have recently
resolved the subissues deemed to be essential for temporal database
systems to be feasible." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  7 15:05:11 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LING91,
key    =    "Ling et al." ,
author    =    "Ling, D. H. O. and Bell, D. A. and Young, I. R." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Database Management for Medical and
Health Care Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Medical Informatics Europe" ,
address    =    "Vienna, Austria" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "121--126" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:41:20 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LING92,
key    =    "Ling \& Bell" ,
author    =    "Ling, D. H. O. and Bell, D. A." ,
title    =    "Modelling and Managing Time in Database Systems" ,
journal    =    "Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "35" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "332--341" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 17:07:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LINGAT87,
key    =    "LINGAT et al." ,
author    =    "Lingat, J. Y. and Nobecourt, P. and Rolland, C." ,
title    =    "Behaviour Management in Database Applications" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brighton, England" ,
editor    =    "Hammersley, P." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "185--196" ,
abstract=    "Behavioural aspects of Information Systems are now
taken into account in a log of Conceptual Models. However, the
behavioural concepts of these Models have rarely been fully
implemented in DBMS. RUBIS is an extended Relational DBMS which
supports an extended relational schema (including event and operation
concepts) and automatic control of the dynamic aspects of Application,
i.e. event recognition, operation triggering and time handling. After
a short presentation of the basic concepts and the specification
language used for the extended Schema, we focus on two internal
mechanisms: the Temporal Processor, which manages the temporal aspects
of specifications and recognizes temporal events, and the Event
Processor, which manages events treatment and synchronization. These
two mechanisms permit an automatic execution of the extended schema
and so provide rapid prototyping capabilities." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 28 17:40:05 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LIPECK85,
key    =    "Lipeck et al." ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U. W. and Ehrich, H.-D. and Gogolla, M." ,
title    =    "Specifying Admissibility of Dynamic Database
Behavior Using Temporal Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference
on Theoretical and Formal Aspects of Information Systems" ,
address    =    "Barcelona, Spain" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "145--157" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 20:49:53 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( LIPECK87,
key    =    "Lipeck \& Saake" ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U. W. and Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Monitoring Dynamic Integrity Constraints Based on
Temporal Logic" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
publisher=    "Pergamon Journals Ltd" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "255--269" ,
abstract=    "Dynamic integrity constraints are used to specify
admissible sequences of database states. We present algorithmic
fundamentals of monitoring constraints expressed in temporal logic.
The essential means are finite transition graphs which can be
constructed from temporal formulae by utilizing an appropriate
normalform. To ensure admissibility of a state sequence, the integrity
monitor has to follow a corresponding path through the graph and to
check certain nontemporal conditions in each state; these conditions
are provided as edge labels. Thus, monitoring dynamic integrity is
reduced to a controlled checking of static integrity. All errors in
present database behaviour are detected as well as many inevitable
future errors." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 10:42:41 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LIPECK88A,
key    =    "Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U." ,
title    =    "Transformation of Dynamic Integrity Constraints
into Transaction Specifications" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Database Theory" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
keywords=    "integrity; dynamic constraints; temporal logic;
transition graphs; transactions; pre/postconditions; monitoring;
constraint simplification" ,
abstract=    "Dynamic database behaviour can be specified by
dynamic integrity constraints, which determine admissible sequences of
database states, and by transaction specifications, which induce
executable sequences. Constraints are expressed by formulae of
temporal logic, whereas transactions are defined by pre/post
conditions in predicate logic. This paper presents concepts and rules
for transforming dynamic constraints into transaction specifications
in order to prepare integrity monitoring by transactions. At first,
such transition graphs must be constructed from temporal formulae that
have paths corresponding to admissible sequences. Then these graphs
are utilized to refine and to simplify pre/postconditions
systematically, so that every executable state sequence becomes
admissible, too." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 11:56:19 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LIPECK88B,
key    =    "Lipeck \& Saake" ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U. and Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Entwurf von Systemverhalten durch Spezification
und Transformation Temporalen Anforderungen" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of GI Jahrestagung" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:05:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( LIPECK88C,
key    =    "Lipeck \& Saake" ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U. and Saake, C." ,
title    =    "Using Finite-Linear Temporal Logic for Specifying
Database Dynamics" ,
booktitle=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:09:17 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@book        ( LIPECK89,
key    =    "Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Lipeck, U." ,
title    =    "Zur Dynamischen Integritat von Datenbanken:
Grundlagen der Spezifikation und Uberwachung" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 10:57:33 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( LITTLE93,
key    =    "Little \& Ghafoor" ,
author    =    "Little, T. D. C. and Ghafoor, A." ,
title    =    "Interval-Based Conceptual Models for
Time-Dependent Multimedia Data" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "August" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "551--563" ,
keywords=    "multimedia databases, scheduling, synchronization,
temporal modeling" ,
abstract=    "Multimedia data often have time dependencies that
must be satisfied at presentation time. To support a general purpose
multimedia information system, these timing relationships must be
managed to provide utility to both the data presentation system and
the multimedia author. In this paper we propose new conceptual models
for capturing these timing relationships and managing them as part of
a database. Specifically, we introduce and define n-ary and reverse
temporal relations along with their temporal constraints. These new
relations are a generalization of our earlier temporal models and
establish the basis for conceptual database structures and temporal
access control algorithms to facilitate forward, reverse, and
partial-interval evaluation during multimedia object playout. The
proposed relations are defined to ensure a property of monotonically
increasing playout deadlines to facilitate both realtime
deadline-driven playout scheduling or optimistic interval based
process playout. Furthermore, we show a translation of the conceptual
models to a structure suitable for a relational database." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  8 16:53:36 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LIU94V,
author    =    "C.T. Liu and P.K. Chrysanthis and S.K. Chang" ,
title    =    "{Database Schema Evolution through the
Specification and Maintenance of Changes on Entities and
Relationships}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 13th International Conference
on the Entity-Relationship Approach (ER)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "P. Loucopoulos" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 881" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
pages    =    "132--151" ,
address    =    "Manchester, U.K." ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LIU95V,
author    =    "L. Liu" ,
title    =    "{Maintaining Database consistency in the Presence
of Schema Evolution}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Sixth IFIP TC-2 Working
Conference on Data Semantics (DS-6)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Robert Meersman and Leo Mark" ,
address    =    "Stone Mountain, Atlanta" ,
month    =    "May-June" ,
publisher=    "Chapman & Hall, London" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LKH94,
author    =    "J. Lin and D.C. Kung and P. Hsia" ,
title    =    "{Toward an object-oriented modeling approach with
representation of temporal knowledge}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 18th Annual IEEE International
Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'94)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "58-63" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( LLEWELLYN91,
key    =    "Llewellyn \& Bassiouni" ,
author    =    "Llewellyn, M. J. and Bassiouni, M. A." ,
title    =    "Historical Database Views" ,
journal    =    "J. of Information and Software Technology" ,
volume    =    "33" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "Mar." ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "113--120" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 21:13:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LM95,
title    =    " Functional Requirements for Historical and
Interval Extensions to the Relational Model " ,
author    =    " Nikos A. Lorentzos and Yannis Manolopoulos " ,
pages    =    "59--86 " ,
journal    =    "Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
month    =    oct ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    17 ,
number    =    1 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LOMET89A,
key    =    "Lomet \& Salzberg" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D. and Salzberg, B." ,
title    =    "Access Methods for Multiversion Data" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
pages    =    "315--324" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:01:24 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LOMET90,
key    =    "Lomet \& Salzberg" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D. and Salzberg, B." ,
title    =    "The Performance of a Multiversion Access Method" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "may" ,
address    =    "Atlantic City" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "353--363" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 09:02:08 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( LOMET90A,
key    =    "Lomet" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D." ,
title    =    "Consistent Timestamping for Transactions in
Distributed Systems" ,
number    =    "CRL90/3" ,
institution=    "Digital Equipment Corporation" ,
address    =    "Cambridge, MA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 09:08:20 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( LOMET90C,
key    =    "Lomet" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D." ,
title    =    "Consistent Timestamping for Transactions in
Distributed Systems" ,
number    =    "CRL 90/3" ,
institution=    "Cambridge Research Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "14" ,
keywords=    "timestamps; multiversion; transactions; commit;
distributed systems" ,
abstract=    "Tagging data in a database with timestamps that
indicate when data was entered can be very useful. It permits a user
to query the database as of some historical time. Further, it permits
a user to see a transaction consistent 'recent' version of the
database without having this transaction interface with ongoing
debates. This support requires that timestamp ordering represent a
valid serialization of the transactions. Achieving this in a
distributed systems is potential troublesome. This paper suggests that
the two phase commit protocol messages can be used to establish and
distribute a correct timestamp to all transaction cohorts. Refinements
permit this concept to deal with heterogenous systems where not all
cohorts perform timestamping. Early release of read locks can be
supported via bounding the range in which a transaction is permitted
to commit." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 17 20:02:23 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@techreport    ( LOMET91,
key    =    "Lomet \& Salzberg" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D. and Salzberg, B." ,
title    =    "Media Recovery with Time-Split B-trees" ,
number    =    "NU-CCS-91-16" ,
institution=    "College of Computer Science Northeastern
University" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "42" ,
abstract=    "Modern database systems provide media recovery by
taking periodic backups and applying a transaction log to the backup
to bring the data up-to-date. A multi-versioned database is one that
retains and provides access to historical versions of data. This paper
shows how a history database, supported by the Time-Split B-tree, can
be used to also provide the backup function of media recovery. Thus,
the same versions used for database history are used for database
backup. The cost of taking a backup is comparable to the cost of a
good differential backup method, where only changed data is backed up.
The media recovery cost, especially when the media failure is only
partial, e.g. a single disk page, will usually be lower." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 11 09:39:49 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@techreport    ( LOMET92,
key    =    "Lomet \& Salzberg" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D. and Salzberg, B." ,
title    =    "Rollback Databases" ,
number    =    "NU-CCS-92-3" ,
institution=    "Northeastern University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:25:35 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( LOMET93,
key    =    "Lomet \& Salzberg" ,
author    =    "Lomet, D. and Salzberg, B." ,
title    =    "Transaction-Time Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "16" ,
pages    =    "388--417" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:22:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LONG83,
key    =    "Long \& Russ" ,
author    =    "Long, W. J. and Russ, T. A." ,
title    =    "A Control Structure for Time Dependent Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, West Germany" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "230--232" ,
abstract=    "In many domains it is important to reason about
processes that change over time. Unfortunately, in many situations
relevant data may not be available when the reasoning is done; there
may be corrections to the data; or the state of the process may be
changing. These problems are particularly evident in the reasoning
involved in patient management. Physicians tend to reason about the
patient state as a series of states. Therefore, a system attempting to
capture their expertise must be able to find the appropriate time
intervals in which to do the reasoning, handle incomplete data and
handle changes to data even when the data relates to a state that has
since changed. We present a data-driven control structure for
reasoning processes in a domain in which updating or changes can
occur. This mechanism implements two abstracts for these processes:
the abstraction of data from a continuous process and the abstraction
of decision making in a static state context. We will illustrate the
use of the system with an example from a medical expert system for
patient assessment, but the techniques are also applicable to other
domains such as business decision making with result tracking and
sensor interpretation." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 25 11:49:38 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( LORENTZOS86,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N." ,
title    =    "Time in Databases" ,
number    =    "NL/3/86" ,
institution=    "Birkbeck College, University of London" ,
address    =    "London, England" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 11:26:41 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LORENTZOS87,
key    =    "Lorentzos \& Johnson" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A. and Johnson, R. G." ,
title    =    "TRA: A Model for a Temporal Relational Algebra" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "99--112" ,
keywords=    "Temporal relational algebra; temporal relational
model; temporal database" ,
abstract=    "In this paper there are shown the first results of
a continuing research project in the definition of a model for a
Temporal Relational Algebra. It allows the incorporation of various
time units and it provides the user with a clear understanding of its
operational capabilities. In addition, past (historical), present and
future data is handled in a uniform way. The advantage of this model
lies in its simplicity. No new elementary relational algebra
operations are introduced and first normal form is maintained." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:50:42 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( LORENTZOS87B,
key    =    "Lorentzos \& Johnson" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A. and Johnson, R. G." ,
title    =    "Extending Relational Algebra to Manipulate
Temporal Data" ,
type    =    "Internal Report" ,
number    =    "NL/1/87" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, Birkbeck College,
London University" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
abstract=    "Some weaknesses of relational algebra when
manipulating temporal data are identified. An extension of this
algebra is described, which helps overcome the problems. The proposed
model is simple in structure, powerful and its operational
capabilities are readily understandable by the user. In addition, an
experimental implementation is described." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  7 11:13:05 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( LORENTZOS88E,
key    =    "Lorentzos \& Johnson" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. and Johnson, R." ,
title    =    "Extending Relational Algebra to Manipulate
Temporal Data" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:24:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( LORENTZOS88F,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A." ,
title    =    "A Formal Extension of the Relational Model for the
Representation of Generic Intervals" ,
school    =    "Birkbeck College" ,
address    =    "University of London" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:15:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LORENTZOS88G,
key    =    "Lorentzos \& Johnson" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A. and Johnson, R. G." ,
title    =    "Requirements Specification for a Temporal
Extension to the Relational Model" ,
journal    =    "Data Engineering" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "26--33" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:01:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( LORENTZOS91,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A." ,
title    =    "DBMS Support for Time and Totally Ordered Compound
Data Types" ,
institution=    "Informatics Labratory, Agricultural University of
Athens" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 22:06:06 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( LORENTZOS91A,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A." ,
title    =    "Management of Intervals and Temporal Data in the
Relational Model" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "49" ,
institution=    "Agricultural University of Athens" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 17 00:17:33 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( LORENTZOS92B,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N." ,
title    =    "DBMS Support for Non-Metric Measuring Systems" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:12:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( LORENTZOS93,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N." ,
title    =    "The Interval-extended Relational Model and Its
Application to Valid-time Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "67--91" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:56:12 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LORENTZOS93B,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N. A." ,
title    =    "Axiomatic Generalization of the Relational Model
to Support Valid Time Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:54:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( LORENTZOS93C,
key    =    "Lorentzos" ,
author    =    "Lorentzos, N.~A." ,
title    =    "Semantics in Database with Interval Support" ,
institution=    "Informatics Laboratory, Agricultural University of
Athens" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "30" ,
abstract=    "An extension to the relational model is
considered, in which a generic interval is supported as a primitive
data type, and the semantics which can be captured by it are
investigated. It is shown that two types of functional dependencies
can be defined, each of them associated with different semantics. One
of them is identical to that of the conventional relational model but
it is weaker than the other. The key of a relation is formalized and a
new normal form is defined. The association between the semantics
captured by a relation and its update operations is investigated. In
terms of functionality and semantics, the model is proved to be a
proper superset of the ordinary relational. It has many application
areas one of which is historical databases. It is shown that the model
is richer in semantics than other historical extensions to the
relational model which have been proposed." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Nov 28 12:42:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LORENTZOS94V,
author    =    "N. A. Lorentzos and Y. Manolopoulos" ,
title    =    "{Efficient Management of 2-d Interval Relations}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
pages    =    "72--82" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 856" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( LORENTZOS95,
author    =    "N.A. Lorentzos and Y.G. Mitsopoulos" ,
title    =    "SQL Extension for Interval Data" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LP95,
key    =    "T. Y. Cliff Leung, Hamid Pirahesh" ,
author    =    "T. Y. Cliff Leung and Hamid Pirahesh" ,
title    =    "Querying Historical Data in IBM DB2 C/S DBMS Using
Recursive SQL" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "315-331" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( LPS94,
title    =    "Implementation of Update Operations for Interval
Relations" ,
author    =    " N. A. Lorentzos and A. Poulovassilis and C. Small" ,
pages    =    "164--176" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
year    =    1994 ,
volume    =    37 ,
number    =    3 ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( LPS95,
title    =    "Manipulation Operations for an Interval-Extended
Relational Model" ,
author    =    " N. A. Lorentzos and A. Poulovassilis and C. Small" ,
pages    =    "1--29 " ,
journal    =    "Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
month    =    oct ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    17 ,
number    =    1 ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LR93,
author    =    "Eun Bae Lee and Keun Ho Ryu" ,
title    =    "{TempIS: Interfacing System for Graphical Display
of Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of TENCON'93, IEEE Region 10
Conference on Computer, Communication, Control and Power Engineering" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "319-322" ,
month    =    oct ,
address    =    "Beijing, China" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( LST95,
key    =    "Gad M. Landau, Jeanette P. Schmidt, Vassilis J.
Tsotras" ,
author    =    "Gad M. Landau and Jeanette P. Schmidt and Vassilis
J. Tsotras" ,
title    =    "On Historical Queries along Multiple Lines of Time
Evolution" ,
journal    =    "The VLDB Journal" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "5" ,
month    =    oct ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LU94,
key    =    "Lu et al. " ,
author    =    "Lu, H. and Ooi, B.-C. and Tan, K.-L." ,
title    =    "On Spatially Partitioned Temporal Join" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Very Large
Databases" ,
address    =    "Santiago, Chile" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "546--557" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov  7 20:18:04 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LU94A,
key    =    "Lu et al." ,
author    =    "Lu, Hongjun and Ooi, Beng-Chin and Tan, Kian-Lee" ,
title    =    "On Spatially Partitioned Temporal Join" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
publisher=    "Morgan Kauffman" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 21 13:15:55 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LU94B,
key    =    "Lu et al." ,
author    =    "Lu, Hongjun and Ooi, Beng-Chin and Tan, Kian-Lee" ,
title    =    "On Spatially Partitioned Temporal Join" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Santiago, Chile" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec  1 10:41:23 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LUE95,
author    =    "J. Lue and K. Brown and W.B. Samson" ,
title    =    "{Indexing Techniques for Temporal Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LUM84,
key    =    "Lum et al." ,
author    =    "Lum, V. and Dadam, P. and Erbe, R. and Guenauer,
J. and Pistor, P. and Walch, G. and Werner, H. and Woodfill, J. " ,
title    =    "Designing DBMS Support for the Temporal Dimension" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Yormark, B" ,
address    =    "Boston, MA" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "115--130" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Feb 27 22:00:10 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LUM84B,
key    =    "Lum et al." ,
author    =    "Lum, V. and Dadam, P. and Werner, H." ,
title    =    "Integration of Time Versions into a Relational
Database System" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:38:35 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( LUNDBERG82,
key    =    "Lundberg" ,
author    =    "Lundberg, B." ,
title    =    "On Axiomatization of Events" ,
journal    =    "BIT" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "291--299" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 22:26:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( LW94,
key    =    "Chih-kuang Li and Shiwei Wang" ,
author    =    "C.K. Li and S. Wang" ,
title    =    "Efficient Storage Structures for Temporal
Object-Oriented Databases" ,
pages    =    "246-258" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 856" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( MA94,
author    =    "Ma, J. and Knight, B. and Petridis, M." ,
title    =    "{A Revised Theory of Action and Time Based on
Intervals and Points}" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "37" ,
number    =    "10" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( MA94A,
author    =    "Ma, J. and Knight, B." ,
title    =    "{A General Temporal Theory}" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "37" ,
number    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "114-123" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MA94B,
author    =    "Ma, J. and Knight, B." ,
title    =    "{Management of Both Absolute Time and Relative
Time in Process Control}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 9th International Conference on
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "313-320" ,
address    =    "University Park, PA" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( MA95,
author    =    "Ma, J. and Knight, B." ,
title    =    "{Building Temporal Constraints into Knowledge
Bases for Process Control - an Examination}" ,
journal    =    "Engineering Applications of Artificial
Intelligence" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
number    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "97-99" ,
month    =    feb ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MACLEAN94,
key    =    "MacLean \& Orci" ,
author    =    "MacLean, Donald and Orci, Terttu" ,
title    =    "A Data Model for Multi-Temporal, Dynamically
Verifiable Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Baltic Workshop on National
Infrastructure Databases" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents a data model for temporal
databases. The most important features of the data model are its
provision of three time dimensions, and its ability to preserve the
history of the dynamics of the application. Information systems with
databases based on this data model are here called multi-temporal,
dynamically verifiable information systems in that a user can,
spontaneously, at any time, pose queries concerning the reasons for
and users responsible for certain changes in the real world or in the
database, and thereby dynamically verify that the information system
performs its functions as intended." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec  1 11:02:26 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MAIOCCHI86A,
key    =    "Maiocchi \& Pernici" ,
author    =    "Maiocchi, R. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Time Reasoning in the Office Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 Working Conference
on Methods and Tools for Office Systems" ,
organization=    "IFIP" ,
address    =    "Pisa, Italy" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:37:55 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( MAIOCCHI91,
key    =    "Maiocchi \& Pernici" ,
author    =    "Maiocchi, R. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management Systems: A Comparative
View" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "504--524" ,
keywords=    "Data and knowledge bases, knowledge
representation, temporal data, time reasoning" ,
abstract=    "In several systems, temporal data are handled to
record events and to make inferences on them. Temporal data management
systems have been proposed in the areas of data and knowledge bases,
aritficial intelligence, and software engineering. In this paper,
characteristics and requirements of systems for temporal data
management in each area are investigated and discussed on the baiss of
a case study. Six representative approaches have been selected for
this analysis, with the goal of identifying particular features of
systems proposed in different areas. The six approaches are namely:
Allen's interval-based logic, Dean and McDermott's Time Map
Management, Kowalski and Sergot's Event Calculus, Maiocchi and
Pernici's TSOS, Snodgrass' TQuel, and Hagelstein's ERAE. The
characteristics of each system are classified and compared. On the
basis of this analysis, a framework for evaluation of temporal systems
and for the specification of temporal data management systems is
proposed. " ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 15 16:31:54 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( MAIOCCHI92,
key    =    "Maiocchi et al." ,
author    =    "Maiocchi, R. and Pernici, B. and Barbic, F." ,
title    =    "Automatic Deduction of Temporal Information" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:30:47 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( MAKKI94V,
author    =    "Makki, K. and Pissinou, N." ,
title    =    "{A New Storage Organization for Temporal
Databases}" ,
journal    =    "The International Journal of Systems and Software" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "27" ,
number    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "159--169" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MALIK83,
key    =    "Malik \& Binford" ,
author    =    "Malik, J. and Binford, T. O." ,
title    =    "Reasoning in Time and Space" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, West Germany" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "343--345" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 24 13:10:50 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
)

@inbook        ( MANNA81,
key    =    "Manna \& Pnueli" ,
author    =    "Manna, Z. and Pneuli, A." ,
title    =    "Verification of Concurrent Programs,: The Temporal
Framework" ,
booktitle=    "The Correctness Problem of Computer Science" ,
publisher=    "Academic Press" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:59:04 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@book        ( MANNA92,
key    =    "Manna \& Pnueli" ,
author    =    "Manna, Z. and Pnueli, A." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Logic of Reactive and Concurrent
Systems-Specification" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:15:32 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MANNILA95V,
author    =    "H. Mannila and H. Toivonen and A.I. Verkamo" ,
title    =    "{Discovering Frequent Episodes in Sequences}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Canada" ,
month    =    aug ,
publisher=    "AAAI Press" ,
editor    =    "U.M. Fayyad and R. Uthurusamy " ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MANOLA86A,
key    =    "Manola \& Dayal" ,
author    =    "Manola, F. and Dayal, U." ,
title    =    "PDM: An Object-Oriented Data Model" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Object-Oriented Database Systems" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:38:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MANOLA86B,
key    =    "Manola \& Orenstein" ,
author    =    "Manola, F. and Orenstein, J." ,
title    =    "Toward a General Spatial Data Model for an
Object-Oriented DBMS" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "328--335" ,
editor    =    "Kambayashi, Y." ,
abstract=    "This paper describes the development of a general
spatial data model for PROBE, a knowledge-oriented DBMS being
developed at CCA. The data model, called PDM, is an extension to the
Daplex functional data model. The paper first describes the approach
taken to defining spatial semantics in the model, and how these
semantics were incorporated into the non-spatial aspects of the model.
Second, some implementation aspects are discussed." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:50:22 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MANOLOPOULOS90,
key    =    "Manolopoulos \& Kapetanakis" ,
author    =    "Manolopoulos, Y. and Kapetanakis, G." ,
title    =    "Overlapping B+trees for Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th JCIT" ,
address    =    "Jerusalem, Israel" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:56:01 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( MANOLOPOULOS91,
key    =    "Manolopoulos 1991" ,
author    =    "Manolopoulos, Y." ,
title    =    "Reverse Chaining for Answering Temporal Logical
Queries" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
abstract=    "A possible structure for the past data of a
partitioned temporal database is reverse field chaining. Under this
technique field versions are chained by descending time. Exact
analysis derives the expected number of block accesses when logical
queries against a partitioned temporal database with reverse chaining
are satisfied. Numerical results are given." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug  6 13:53:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( MARAN83,
key    =    "Maran et al." ,
author    =    "Maran, L. R. and Spoor, D. T. and Waltz, D. L." ,
title    =    "Encoding the Natural Language Meaning of Time
Toward a Conceptual Model for Temporal Meaning" ,
type    =    "Working Paper" ,
number    =    "37" ,
institution=    "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
month    =    "may" ,
keywords=    "time; temporal meaning; natural language;
universal concepts; tense; aspect; auxiliaries; event conceptual
representation" ,
abstract=    "This paper proposes a method for representing the
time information contained in natural language. We suggest that time
may be represented by using language universal and cognitive universal
concepts obtained by analyzing data from a variety of natural
languages. Preliminary efforts to formulate representations for
natural language time content in conceptual terms is reported;
specifically, we try to show how the temporal aspects of particular
natural language descriptions of events may be dealt with. The focus
of the report is the presentation of a facet of a universal framework
for time for natural language. This is an initial report of ongoing
research on natural language temporal mechanisms. Subsequent reports
will show results of attempts to implement the model." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 12 12:22:25 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MARTIN87,
key    =    "Martin et al." ,
author    =    "Martin, N. G. and Navathe, S. B. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "Dealing with Temporal Schema Anomalies in History
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brighton, England" ,
editor    =    "Hammersley, P." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "177--184" ,
abstract=    "Current databases do not process temporal
information well. Databases containing historical information (history
databases) have been proposed to provide more temporal capability by
appending new data to relations instead of destructively updating
them. Because history databases do not discard data, they cannot
discard outdated schemas. Thus, in any proposal for a practical
history database system, some method must be provided for accessing
data from outdated, yet historically valid, database schemas. This
paper investigates the problems resulting from restructuring a history
database. It then explores different techniques for maintaining
multiple schemas. Finally, it presents Schema Temporal Logic (STL) as
a means of retrieving data from multiple historically valid database
schemas using temporal logic." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 28 13:54:55 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MARTIN94,
author    =    "C. Martin and J. Sistac" ,
title    =    "{Integrity Constraints Checking in Historical
Deductive Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Fifth International Workshop on the Deductive
Approach to Information Systems and Databases" ,
address    =    "Costa Brava, Spain" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( MARZULLO83,
key    =    "Marzullo \& Owicki" ,
author    =    "Marzullo, K. and Owicki, S." ,
title    =    "Maintaining the Time in a Distributed System" ,
number    =    "83-247" ,
institution=    "Stanford University" ,
address    =    "Stanford, CA 94305" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
month    =    "Aug" ,
pages    =    "11" ,
keywords=    "clock synchronization, loosely-coupled distributed
algorithms" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Feb  6 10:30:37 1986" ,
owner    =    "boggs" ,
)

@article    ( MARZULLO85,
key    =    "Marzullo \& Owicki" ,
author    =    "Marzullo, K. and Owicki, S." ,
title    =    "Maintaining the Time in a Distributed System" ,
journal    =    "opsysrev" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "44--54" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug  5 14:45:47 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MASUNAGA89,
key    =    "Masunaga" ,
author    =    "Masunaga, Y." ,
title    =    "An Object-Oriented Approach to Multimedia Database
Organization and Management" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of DASFAA 1" ,
address    =    "Seoul, Korea" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "190--200" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:24:53 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MASUNAGA94V,
author    =    "Yoshifumi Masunaga" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Multimedia Data Modeling in OMEGA}" ,
booktitle=    "International Symposium on Advanced Database
Technologies and Their Integration (ADTI)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Japan" ,
month    =    oct ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MASUNAGA95,
key    =    "Yoshifumi Masunaga" ,
author    =    "Yoshifumi Masunaga" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Expansion to the Multimedia Object
Model in OMEGA" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on
Database Systems for Advanced Applications (DASFAA)" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    apr ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( MAYS83,
key    =    "Mays" ,
author    =    "Mays, E." ,
title    =    "Use of Temporal Logic in Natural Language
Processing" ,
institution=    "University of Pennsylvania" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 16:11:49 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
type    =    "Working Paper" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MAYS83B,
key    =    "Mays" ,
author    =    "Mays, E." ,
title    =    "A Modal Temporal Logic for Reasoning about Change" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Association of Computational
Linguistics" ,
address    =    "Cambridge, Massachusetts" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 15:54:04 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MAYS84,
key    =    "Mays" ,
author    =    "Mays, E." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Logic for Reasoning About Changing Data
Bases in the Context of Natural Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Workshop on
Expert Database Systems" ,
editor    =    "Kershberg, L." ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
address    =    "Kiawah Island, SC" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:42:07 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@book        ( MCARTHUR76,
key    =    "McArthur" ,
author    =    "McArthur, R. P." ,
title    =    "Tense Logic" ,
publisher=    "D. Reidel Publishing Co." ,
address    =    "Dordrecht, Holland" ,
year    =    "1976" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 22:47:08 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MCBRIEN90,
key    =    "McBrien et al." ,
author    =    "McBrien, P. and Owens, R. and Gabbay, D. and
Niezette, M. and Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "TEMPORA: A Temporal Database Transaction System" ,
booktitle=    "IEEE Colloquium on 'Temporal Reasoning'" ,
address    =    "London, UK" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 13 00:02:40 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCBRIEN92,
key    =    "McBrien" ,
author    =    "McBrien, P." ,
title    =    "The Querying and Updating of a Historical Database
held in an RDBMS" ,
type    =    "Internal Report" ,
number    =    "1992a" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Computing, Imperial College" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:54:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCBRIEN92B,
key    =    "McBrien" ,
author    =    "McBrien, P." ,
title    =    "Using the TRA to Define Temporal Operators" ,
type    =    "Internal Report" ,
number    =    "1992b" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Computing, Imperial College" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:55:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MCBRIEN92C,
key    =    "McBrien et al." ,
author    =    "McBrien, P. and Seltveit, A. and Wangler, B." ,
title    =    "Using the TRA to Define Temporal Operators" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the CISMOD 92" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:58:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MCBRIEN92D,
key    =    "McBrien" ,
author    =    "McBrien, P. and Selveit, A. H. and Wangler, B." ,
title    =    "An Entity-Relationship Model Extended to describe
Historical information" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Information Systems
and Management of Data (CISMOD'92)" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "244--260" ,
abstract=    "The entity-relationship (ER) model has proved a
successful conceptual capture and modelling tool for the relational
data model. Much effort has recently been made to extend the
relational data model to describe historical information, but as yet
little corresponding development in ER modelling has been made. We
describe in detail the various temporal behaviours that entities and
relationships may exhibit, and apply the results to enhance a binary
ER model with temporal semantics. The resultant ERT may be used to
full y model historical relational database schemata." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun  9 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MCBRIEN93,
key    =    "Peter McBrien" ,
author    =    "Peter McBrien" ,
title    =    "Principles of Implementing Historical Databases in
RDBMS" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th British National
Conference on Databases (BNCOD)" ,
pages    =    "220-237" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    jul ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 696" ,
address    =    "Keele, U.K." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( MCCARTHY91,
key    =    "McCarthy" ,
author    =    "McCarthy, D. D." ,
title    =    "Astronomical Time" ,
journal    =    "Proceedings of the IEEE" ,
volume    =    "79" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "915--921" ,
abstract=    "TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inbook        ( MCCAWLEY71,
key    =    "McCawley" ,
author    =    "McCawley, J." ,
title    =    "Tense and time reference in English" ,
publisher=    "Holt Reinhardt and Winston" ,
year    =    "1971" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 22:49:08 1983" ,
)

@article    ( MCDERMOTT82,
key    =    "McDermott" ,
author    =    "McDermott, D." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Logic for Reasoning About Processes and
Plans" ,
journal    =    "Cognitive Science" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "101--155" ,
abstract=    "Much previous work in artificial intelligence has
neglected representing time in all its complexity. In particular, it
has neglected continuous change and the indeterminacy of the future.
To rectify this, I have developed a first-order temporal logic, in
which it is possible to name and prove things about facts, events,
plans, and world histories. In particular, the logic provides analyses
of causality, continuous change in quantities, the persistence of
facts (the frame problem), and the relationship between tasks and
actions. It may be possible to implement a temporal-inference machine
based on this logic, which keeps track of several ``maps'' of a time
line, one per possible history." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 25 13:22:35 1985" ,
)

@article    ( MCKENZIE86A,
key    =    "McKenzie" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E." ,
title    =    "Bibliography: Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "40--52" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec  5 19:44:20 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCKENZIE87A,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Scheme Evolution and the Relational Algebra" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR87-003" ,
institution=    "unccsd" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec  5 19:50:33 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCKENZIE87B,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Supporting Valid Time: An Historical Algebra" ,
institution=    "unccsd" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR87-008" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
keywords=    "TQuel; databases; historical database" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar  3 11:50:50 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MCKENZIE87C,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Extending the Relational Algebra to Support
Transaction Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD International Conference
on Management of Data" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "San Francisco, CA" ,
editor    =    "Dayal, U. and Traiger, I." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "467--478" ,
keywords=    "databases; rollback databases; historical
databases; temporal databases; transaction time; scheme evolution" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we discuss extensions to the
conventional relational algebra to support transaction time. We show
that these extensions are applicable to historical algebras that
support valid time, yielding a temporal algebraic language. Since
transaction time concerns the storage of information in the database,
the notation of state is central. The extensions are formalized using
denotational semantics. The additions preserve the useful properties
of the conventional relational algebra." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 12 19:46:53 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCKENZIE87D,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "An Evaluation of Historical Algebras" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR87-020" ,
institution=    "unccsd" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
keywords=    "historical databases" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 24 14:29:58 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( MCKENZIE88,
key    =    "McKenzie" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E." ,
title    =    "An Algebraic Language for Query and Update of
Temporal Databases" ,
school    =    "unccsd" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 21 10:58:14 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCKENZIE89C,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "An Evaluation of Algebras Incorporating Time" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, University of Arizona" ,
number    =    "TR-89-22" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:13:40 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( MCKENZIE90A,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Schema Evolution and the Relational Algebra" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "207--232" ,
)

@article    ( MCKENZIE91B,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "An Evaluation of Relational Algebras Incorporating
the Time Dimension in Databases" ,
journal    =    "compsurv" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "501--543" ,
abstract=    "The relational algebra is a procedural query
language for relational databases. In this paper we survey extensions
of the relational algebra that can query databases recording
time-varying data. Such an algebra is a critical part of a temporal
DBMS. We identify twenty-six criteria that provide an objective basis
for evaluating temporal algebras. Seven of the criteria are shown to
be mutually unsatisfiable, implying that there can be no perfect
temporal algebra. Choices made as to which of the incompatible
criteria are satisfied characterize existing algebras. Twelve
time-oriented algebras are summarized and then evaluated against the
criteria. We demonstrate that the design space has in some sense been
explored in that all combinations of basic design decisions have at
least one representative algebra. Coverage of the remaining criteria
provides one measure of the quality of each algebra. We argue that all
of the criteria are independent, and that the criteria identified as
compatible are indeed so. Finally, we list plausible properties
proposed by others that are either subsumed by other criteria, are not
well-defined, or have no objective basis for being evaluated. The
algebras realize many different approaches to what appears initially
to be a straightforward design task." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 22 10:29:11 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( MCKENZIE91C,
key    =    "McKenzie \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "McKenzie, L. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Supporting Valid Time in an Historical Relational
Algebra: Proofs and Extensions" ,
number    =    "TR--91--15" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Arizona" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Dec  8 16:34:35 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( MCLEOD81,
key    =    "McLeod \& Hammer" ,
author    =    "McLeod, D. and Hammer, M." ,
title    =    "Database Description with SDM: A Semantic Database
Model" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "351--386" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 23 10:09:03 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MENGSHOEL93V,
author    =    "Mengshoel, O. J. and Solvberg, I." ,
title    =    "{Acquisition and Modelling of Uncertain,
Incomplete and Time-Varying Knowledge}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th European Workshop on
Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems (EKAW)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "300--319" ,
address    =    "Toulouse and Caylus, France" ,
month    =    sep ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol. 723" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@manual        ( MICROINGRES84,
key    =    "Relational\ Technology" ,
title    =    "MicroINGRES Reference Manual" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
author    =    "Relational\ Technology, " ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Feb 27 22:15:14 1985" ,
)

@inbook        ( MILLER89,
key    =    "Miller et al." ,
author    =    "Miller, L. L. and Hurson, A. R. and Pakzad, S. H.
and Tsai, H. J." ,
title    =    "Incorporating Time into the Associative Search
Language Machine-ASLM" ,
booktitle=    "Tutorial: Parallel Architectures for Database
Systems" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
chapter    =    "7.4" ,
pages    =    "464--473" ,
abstract=    "As database systems have become more
sophisticated, users have increasingly looked to system developers for
additional support in processing their applications. Until recently,
time was generally ignored by designers of database systems. Now, as
witnessed in McKenzie and Snodgrass, numerous researchers are working
on incorporating time into database software. However, the projected
size of the temporal databases implies that a software approach will
prove to be inadequate. Meanwhile, questions about the suitability of
software approaches to the general database problem have led a number
of researchers to consider hardware approaches, namely, database
machines. Designers of such machines have generally not considered the
applicability of the machines to new trends in database theory. The
present work examines the feasibility of incorporating temporal
support into a database machine design." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Mar 28 13:29:18 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@techreport    ( MILLS91,
key    =    "Mills" ,
author    =    "Mills, D. L." ,
title    =    "A Comparison of Certain Timekeeping Systems and
the Network Time Protocol" ,
institution=    "Electrical Engineering Department, University of
Delaware" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "14" ,
abstract=    "This report describes and compares three
timekeeping systems in objectives, architecture and design. These
systems are: Digital Time Synchronization (DTSS), Probabilistic Clock
Synchronization (PCS) and Network Time Protocol (NTP), which have been
submitted to the standards bodies as the basis of an international
standard. Each of the three can be used to synchronize local clocks in
a computer network with distributed and diversified services." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 21 21:27:16 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MITRA95,
key    =    "Debasis Mitra" ,
author    =    "Debasis Mitra" ,
title    =    "Theoretical and Practical Implications of an
Algorithm for Finding all Consistent Temporal Models" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MITTAL82,
key    =    "Mittal" ,
author    =    "Mittal, S." ,
title    =    "Event-Based Organization of Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fourth National Conference
Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence
(CSCSI/SCEIO)" ,
address    =    "Saskatoon, Canada" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 10 20:33:32 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@unpublished    ( MITTAL82B,
key    =    "Mittal," ,
author    =    "Mittal, S." ,
title    =    "Organization, Inference, and Retrieval of Temporal
Information in Support of a Decision-Making System" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
note    =    "Working Paper, Computer Science Department, Ohio
State University." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MLK95,
key    =    "Robert Morris, Gerard Ligozat, and Lina Khatib" ,
author    =    "Robert Morris and Gerard Ligozat and Lina Khatib" ,
title    =    "Generating Scenarios from Specifications of
Repeating Events" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MM95,
key    =    "D. Maurel, M. Mohri" ,
author    =    "D. Maurel and M. Mohri" ,
title    =    "Computation of French Temporal Expressions to
Query Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Applications of Natural Language to Data Bases (NLDB)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MOENS87,
key    =    "Moens" ,
author    =    "Moens, M." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases and Natural Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "177--191" ,
keywords=    "Natural language; temporal references; databases" ,
abstract=    "It will be argued in this paper that a semantics
of linguistic categories like temporal adverbials, tense and aspect
requires the assumption of a more complex structure on the domain
underlying the meaning representations than is commonly assumed. The
consequences of this claim for the construction of databases are
discussed. If we want databases containing temporal information to be
accessible by means of natural language, the temporal information will
have to be stored along the principles of that more complex ontology,
no as mere points or intervals on a time line." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 11:35:46 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MONK92,
key    =    "Monk \& Sommerville" ,
author    =    "Monk, S.~R. and Sommerville, I." ,
title    =    "A Model for Versioning of Classes in
Object-Oriented Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th British National Conference
on Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "P.M.D. Gray and R.J. Lucas" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "42--58" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 14:17:50 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MONTANARI92,
key    =    "Montanari et al." ,
author    =    "Montanari, A. and Maim, E. and Ciapessoni, E. and
Ratto, E." ,
title    =    "Dealing with Time Granularity in the Event
calculus" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Fifth Generation Computer Systems 1992" ,
organization=    "ICOT" ,
address    =    "Tokyo, Japan" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "702--712" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents a formalization of the notion
of time granularity in a logic-based approach to knowledge
representation and reasoning. The work is based on the Event Calculus
[Kowalski;86], a formalism for reasoning about time, events and
properties using first-order logic augmented with negation as failure.
In the paper, it is extended to include the concept of time
granularity. With respect to the representation, the paper defines the
basic notions of temporal decompositions and coarse grain equivalence.
Then, it specifies how to locate events and properties in the temporal
universe and how to pair event and temporal decompositions. With
respect to the reasoning mechanisms, the paper defines two alternative
modalities of performing temporal projection, namely upward and
downward projections, that make it possible to switch among coarser
and finer granularities." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Oct 10 19:52:30 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inbook        ( MONTANARI93,
key    =    "Montanari \& Pernici" ,
author    =    "Montanari, A. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "21" ,
pages    =    "534--562" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:31:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MONTANARI93B,
key    =    "Montanari \& Pernici" ,
author    =    "Montanari, A. and Pernici, B." ,
title    =    "Towards a Temporal Logic Reconstruction of
Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:58:12 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( MONTANARI94,
author    =    "A. Montanari and E. Peressi and B. Pernici" ,
title    =    "{Object Migration in Temporal Object-oriented
Databases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MORGENSTERN94,
key    =    "Leora Morgenstern" ,
author    =    "Leora Morgenstern" ,
title    =    "A Proper Ontology for Reasoning about Knowlege and
Planning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( MOSZKOWSKI85,
key    =    "Moszkowski" ,
author    =    "Moszkowski, B." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Logic for Multilevel Reasoning About
HardWare" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Computer" ,
volume    =    "18" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "February" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:12:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MOTAKIS95,
key    =    "Motakis \& Zaniolo" ,
author    =    "Motakis, I. and Zaniolo, C." ,
title    =    "Composite Temporal Events in Active Databases: A
Formal Semantics" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "332--354" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 15:13:56 1995" ,
abstract=    "Active databases must support rules triggered by
comple patterns of composite temporal events. This paper proposes a
general method for specifying the semantics of composite event
specification languages. The method is based on a syntax-directed
translation of the composite event expressions into Datalog(1s), whose
formal semantics is then used to define the meaning of the original
event expressions. We show that the method is applicable to languages
such as ODE, Snoop and SAMOS that are based respectively on the
formalisms of Finite State Machines, Event Graphs and Petri Nets. The
proposed method overcomes various problems and limitations affecting
such formalisms." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MOTAKIS95V,
author    =    "I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo" ,
title    =    "{Composite Temporal Events in Active Database
Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 4th International Conference on
Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MS95,
key    =    "Moller \& Sripada" ,
author    =    "P. Moller and S. Sripada" ,
title    =    "The ChronoBase Temporal Deductive Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Reasoning Workshop of the International
Conference on Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MSK94,
key    =    "Robert A. Morris, William D. Shoaff, Lina Khatib" ,
author    =    "Robert A. Morris and William D. Shoaff and Lina
Khatib" ,
title    =    "An Algebraic Formulation of Temporal Knowledge for
Reasoning about Recurring Events" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MSZ93,
key    =    "Muntz, Shek \& Zaniolo" ,
author    =    "Richard R. Muntz and Eddie C. Shek and Carlo
Zaniolo" ,
title    =    "Using LDL++ for Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in
Atmospheric Science Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Logic Databases Workshop" ,
pages    =    "101-119" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MT95,
key    =    "Robert Morris and Dan Tamir" ,
author    =    "Robert Morris and Dan Tamir" ,
title    =    "Time and Uncertainty in Reasoning about Order" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inbook        ( MUELLER83,
key    =    "Mueller \& Steinbauer" ,
author    =    "Mueller, T. and Steinbauer, D." ,
title    =    "Eine Sprachschnittstele zur Versionenkontrolle in
CAM-Datanbanken" ,
booktitle=    "Informatik-Fachberichte" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "76--95" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Mar  3 16:04:28 1985" ,
)

@inbook        ( MUELLER83B,
key    =    "Mueller \& Steinbauer" ,
author    =    "Mueller, T. and Steinbauer, D." ,
title    =    "Eine Sprachschnittstele zur Versionenkontrolle in
CAM-Datanbanken" ,
booktitle=    "Informatik-Fachberichte" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "76--95" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 16 15:49:29 1984" ,
)

@inbook        ( MUELLER83C,
key    =    "Mueller et al." ,
author    =    "Mueller, T. and Steinbauer, D. and Wedekind, H." ,
title    =    "Control of Versions of Database Applications" ,
booktitle=    "Sprachen fuer Databanken" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin-Heidelberg" ,
series    =    "Informatik Fachberichte" ,
volume    =    "72" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:25:45 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MUNINDAR95,
key    =    "Munindar Singh" ,
author    =    "Munindar Singh" ,
title    =    "Formalizing Actions in Branching Time:
Model-Theoretic Consideration" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MUTH96V,
author    =    "Muth, P. and Kraiss, A. and Weikum, G." ,
title    =    "{LoT: Dynamic Declustering of TSB-Tree Nodes for
Parallel Access to Temporal Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( MYLOPOULOS-CHAUDHRI-PLEXOUSAKIS-SHRUFI-TOPALOGLOU95,
author    =    "Mylopoulos, J. and Chaudhri, V. and Plexousakis,
D. and Shrufi, A. and Topaloglou, T." ,
title    =    "{Implementing Knowledge Management Systems }" ,
journal    =    "The VLDB Journal" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( MYLOPOULOS90,
key    =    "Mylopoulos et al." ,
author    =    "Mylopoulos, J. and Borgida, A. and Jarke, M. and
Koubarakis, M." ,
title    =    "Telos: A Language for Representing Knowledge About
Information Systems (Revised)" ,
number    =    "KRR-TR-89-1" ,
institution=    "University of Toronto" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
pages    =    "48" ,
abstract=    "We describe Telos, a language intended to support
the development of information systems. The design principles for the
language are based on the premise that information systems development
is knowledge-intensive and that the primary responsibility of any
language intended for the task is able to formally represent the
relevant knowledge. Accordingly, the proposed language is founded on
concepts from knowledge representation. Indeed, the language is
appropriate for representing knowledge about a variety of worlds
related to an information system, such as the subject world
(application domain), usage world (user models, environments), system
world (software requirements, design), and development world (teams,
methodologies). The paper introduces the features of the language
trough examples, focusing on those provided for describing
meta-concepts that can then be used to describe knowledge relevant to
a particular information system. Telos' features include: an
object-centered framework which supports aggregation, generalization
and classification; a novel treatment of attributes; an explicit
representation of time; and facilities for specifying integrity
constraints and ductive rules. Actual applications of the language are
reviewed through further examples and a formalization of the language
is sketched." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 17 14:06:44 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( MYLOPOULOS90B,
key    =    "Mylopoulos et al." ,
author    =    "Mylopoulos, J. and Borgida, A. and Jarke, M. and
Koubarakis, M." ,
title    =    "Telos: Representing Knowledge About Information
Systems" ,
journal    =    "tois" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "8" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "325--362" ,
keywords=    "belief time; class; deductive rules; history time;
instance; integrity constraints; knowledge base; metaclass;
proposition; temporal knowledge" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan  7 14:39:54 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MYLOPOULOS96,
key    =    "Plexousakis, Mylopoulos" ,
author    =    "D. Plexousakis and J. Mylopoulos" ,
title    =    "Accomodating Integrity Constraints During Database
Design" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( MZ95,
key    =    "Iakovos Motakis, Carlo Zaniolo" ,
author    =    "Iakovos Motakis and Carlo Zaniolo" ,
title    =    "Composite Temporal Events in Active Databases: A
Formal Semantics" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "332-351" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( NAIR92,
key    =    "Nair \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Nair, S. and Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "Algebraic Optimization in a Relational Model for
Temporal Databases" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR-92-03" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Iowa State University" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "20" ,
keywords=    "Relational algebra, algebraic optimization,
temporal databases, query optimization, relational model, temporal
databases" ,
abstract=    "For the conventional relational model there has
been considerable research in the area of query optimization. However,
research in temporal databases has concentrated on the development of
models to store and query historical information. The amount of data
stored in a temporal database can be extremely large. Hence if
temporal databases are to become viable in practice, it is important
that optimization for temporal queries be studied. In this paper we
develop a set of algebraic identities for a model for temporal
databases. We present an algorithm that uses these identities to
convert a given temporal query to another equivalent query that will
execute more efficiently. We also give an algorithm to compute the
cross-product of two temporal relations, which yields substantial
savings over the brute force method under certain conditions." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun 14 23:08:59 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NAIR93,
key    =    "Nair \& Gadia" ,
author    =    "Nair, S. and Gadia, S." ,
title    =    "Algebraic Optimization in a Relational Model for
Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:55:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( NAKAMURA93,
key    =    "Nakamura et al." ,
author    =    "Nakamura, Y. and Abe, S. and Ohsawa, Y. and
Sakauchi, M." ,
title    =    "A Balanced Hierarchical Data Structure for
Multidimensional Data with Highly Efficient Dynamic Characteristics" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "August" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "682--694" ,
keywords=    "B-tree, binary tree, height balanced trees,
hierarchical data structures, geographic information systems,
multidimensional data structures, range queries, spatial data
structures, tree structures, 2-3 trees" ,
abstract=    "A new multidimensional data structure,
multidimensional tree (MD-tree), is proposed. The MD-tree is developed
by extending the concept of the B-tree to the multidimensional data,
so that the MD-tree is a height balanced tree similar to the B-tree.
The theoretical worst-case storage utilization is guaranteed to hold
more than 66.7%(2/3) of full capacity. In this paper, the structure of
the MD-tree and the algorithms to perform the insertion, deletion, and
spatial searching are described. By the series of simulation tests,
the performances of the MD-tree and conventional methods are compared.
The results indicate that storage utilization is more than 80% in
practice, and that retrieval profrmance and dynamic characteristics
are superior to conventional methods." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 15:44:46 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( NARASIMHALU88,
key    =    "Narasimhalu" ,
author    =    "Narasimhalu, A." ,
title    =    "A Data Model for Object-Oriented Databases with
Temporal Attributes and Relationships" ,
institution=    "National University of Singapore" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 29 08:13:29 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( NARAYANASWAMY88A,
key    =    "Narayanaswamy \& Rao" ,
author    =    "Narayanaswamy, K. and Rao, K. V. B." ,
title    =    "An Incremental Mechanism for Schema Evolution in
Engineering Domains" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "294--301" ,
abstract=    "Evolution is a basic characteristic of engineering
design environments, making them a particularly complex database
application area. The most difficult aspect of providing database
support for engineering activities is the need for unanticipated and
frequent schema alterations. In this paper, we focus on one class of
such schema revisions necessitated by a very basic phenomenon: a given
individual object evolves into a family of objects which are similar
to it in many ways -- commonly called the 'version problem'. In
theoretical terms, one can handle the above schema change in the
standard, object-oriented database models y the interposition of
suitable new abstractions into the existing type lattice. There are
practical and engineering difficulties with such schema changes. We
propose an incremental mechanism called instance inheritance which is
well suited to handling the schema changes above without the attendant
practical costs. We formally characterize this augmentation to the
standard database models, and shoe examples of its applications." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 19 23:03:44 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NASCIMENTO95,
author    =    "Nascimento, M.A. and Eich, M.H." ,
title    =    "{On Decision Time for Temporal Databases" ,
)

@techreport    ( NASCIMENTO95-14,
title    =    "{A Mapping-Based Approach for Range Indexing" ,
)

@techreport    ( NASCIMENTO95-19,
title    =    "{Analytical Performance Studies of the IVTT
Bitemporal Access Structure" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NASCIMENTOOTHERS:95,
author    =    "Nascimento, M. and Elmasri, R. and Dunham, M." ,
title    =    "Using Incremental Trees For Space Efficient
Indexing of Bitemporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second International Conference
on Applications of Databases (ADB'95)" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    1995 ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
note    =    "(To appear)" ,
)

@techreport    ( NAVATHE85A,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "TRM: A Temporal Relational Model" ,
institution=    "University of Florida" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 16:13:28 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
type    =    "Working Paper" ,
)

@unpublished    ( NAVATHE85B,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "A Comprehensive Model and a Query Language for
Incorporating Time into Relational Databases" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
note    =    "Working Paper, (in preparation), University of
Florida" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 24 13:52:05 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( NAVATHE86,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. B. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Relational Model and a Query Language" ,
type    =    "UF-CIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "TR-85-16" ,
institution=    "Computer and Information Sciences Department,
University of Florida" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
keywords=    "databases, query languages, temporal databases,
historical databases, SQL, aggregates, historical algebra" ,
abstract=    "This paper proposes an extension of the relational
data model for incorporating temporal semantics of the real world into
a database. In this temporal relational model (TRM), the attributes
can be categorized as synchronous and asynchronous. This
categorization leads to definitions of the temporal dependency and
Time Normal Form. The imposition of the Time Normal Form avoids
redundancy and retrieval and update anomalies. This scheme has the
capability of easily processing queries dealing with time, which
otherwise become quite complex in other temporal models. New
relational algebra operations for this model are also discussed. A
temporal query language called TSQL, which is a superset of SQL, has
been proposed to retrieve information from time-varying relations.
TSQL has several new features, which provide extremely powerful query
processing capabilities. The model and the language have numerous
applications, where data in their historical form are important." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Mar 13 20:01:33 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NAVATHE87,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. B. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "TSQL-A Language Interface for History Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "113--128" ,
keywords=    "Databases; query language; temporal database;
historical database; SQL" ,
abstract=    "A temporal query language called TSQL, which is a
superset of SQL, has been proposed to retrieve information from a
history database. TSQL has several new features, which provide
extremely powerful query processing capabilities. The underlying model
of this language is the Temporal Relational Model proposed by the
authors." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 11:00:01 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( NAVATHE89,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. B. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Relational Model and a Query Language" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
volume    =    "49" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "147--175" ,
abstract=    "This paper proposes an extension of the relational
data model for incorporating temporal semantics of the real world into
a database. In this temporal relational model (TRM), the attributes
are categorized as synchronous and asynchronous. This categorization
leads to the notions of temporal dependency and time normal form. The
imposition of time normal form avoids redundancy and retrieval and
update anomalies. New relational algebra operations for this model are
also discussed. A temporal query language called TSQL, which is a
superset of SQL, has been proposed to retrieve information from
time-varying relations. TSQL has several new features, which provide
extremely powerful query processing capabilities for time-varying
relations. The model and the language have numerous applications,
where data in their historical form are important." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan 11 10:13:40 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( NAVATHE93,
key    =    "Navathe \& Ahmed" ,
author    =    "Navathe, S. and Ahmed, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Extensions to the Relational Model and
SQL" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "92--109" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:58:04 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( NAVRAT95,
key    =    "Navrat \& Bielikova" ,
author    =    "Navrat, Pavol and Bielikova, Maria" ,
title    =    "Representing Calendrical Algorithms and Data in
Prolog and Prolog III Languages" ,
journal    =    "ACM SIGPLAN Notices" ,
volume    =    "30" ,
number    =    "7" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "45--51" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 21 16:17:28 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( NAVRAT95A,
key    =    "Navrat \& Bielikova" ,
author    =    "Navrat, P. and Bielikova, M." ,
title    =    "Representing Calendrical Algorithms and Data in
Prolog and Prolog III Languages" ,
journal    =    "sigplan" ,
number    =    "7" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "45-51" ,
volume    =    "30" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 16:39:48 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
abstract=    "The paper reports on a study to develop solutions
for a chosen problem in two related, but different languages.
Moreover, the languages reflect two related, but different programming
paradigms: logic programming, and constraint logic programming,
respectively. We use Prolog to describe calendars and their mutual
conversions. Next, we use Prolog III to describe the same. We discuss
suitability of both languages for this kind of task. Prolog III as a
logic programming language with constraints allows writing a program
which is both more general (i.e., covering a broader range of cases)
and more abstract (i.e., expressed on a higher level of abstraction
due to the use of constraints)." ,
keywords=    "Logic Programming; Constraints; Calendar; Prolog;
Prolog III" ,
)

@article    ( NB95,
key    =    "Bernhard Nebel and Hans-J|rgen Burckert" ,
author    =    "B. Nebel and H.J. Burckert" ,
title    =    "Reasoning about Temporal Relations: A Maximal
Tractable Subcla ss of Allen's Interval Algebra" ,
journal    =    "Journal of the ACM" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "42" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    jan ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "43-66" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NEBEL94V,
author    =    "B. Nebel and H.J. Burckert" ,
title    =    "{Managing Qualitative Temporal Information:
Expressiveness vs. Complexity}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Information
Systems and Arti ficial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "Kai von Luck and Heinz Marburger" ,
pages    =    "104--117" ,
address    =    "Hamburg, Germany" ,
month    =    "February-March" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 777" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( NERSON92,
key    =    "Nerson" ,
author    =    "Nerson, J." ,
title    =    "O-O Development of a Date and Time Management
Cluster" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Object-Oriented Programming" ,
month    =    "March/April" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:04:09 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( NEWCOMB95,
author    =    "S.R. Newcomb" ,
title    =    "{Multimedia Interchange using SGML/Hytime. I.
Structures}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Multimedia" ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "86-89" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NGU89,
key    =    "Ngu" ,
author    =    "Ngu, A. H. H." ,
title    =    "Transaction Modelling" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference
on Data Engineering" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "234--241" ,
abstract=    "Transaction modelling, which involves capturing
the dynamic properties of an organization, is seen as a necessary
component in data modelling. A specification language - transaction
schema based on ACM/PCM specification language is implemented as the
transaction modelling tool. The benefit of such a modelling tool is
discussed and in particular illustrated by its capability to extend
the static schema automatically in order to support the intended
transactions." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 12 10:14:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( NGU90,
key    =    "Ngu" ,
author    =    "Ngu, A. H. H." ,
title    =    "Specification and Verification of Temporal
Relationships in Transaction Modeling" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 21 00:16:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@article    ( NGUYEN89B,
key    =    "Nguyen \& Rieu" ,
author    =    "Nguyen, G.~T. and Rieu, D." ,
title    =    "Schema Evolution in Object-Oriented Database
Systems" ,
journal    =    "Data Knowledge and Engineering" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "43--67" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 14:05:10 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NIEZETTE92,
key    =    "Niezette \& Stevenne" ,
author    =    "Niezette, M. and Stevenne, J." ,
title    =    "An Efficient Symbolic Representation of Periodic
Time" ,
booktitle=    "First International Conference on Information and
Knowledge Management" ,
address    =    "Baltimore, Maryland" ,
month    =    "November" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:24:21 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( NIGAM87,
key    =    "Nigam et al." ,
author    =    "Nigam, A. and Addanki, S. and Studer, R." ,
title    =    "Query Language and Mapping Issues in the KL-DB
Knowledge Representation Scheme" ,
institution=    "IBM T.J. Watson Research Center" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:26:42 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@unpublished    ( NIRKHE91,
key    =    "Nirkhe et al." ,
author    =    "Hirkhe, M. and Kraus, S. and Perlis, D." ,
title    =    "Fully Deadline-Coupled Planning: One Step at a
Time" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
abstract=    "In planning situations involving hard deadlines a
commonsense reasoner may spend substantial amount of the available
time in reasoning toward and about the (partial) plan. This reasoning
involves, but is not limited to, partial plan formulation, making
decisions about available and conceivable alternatives, plan
sequencing, ad also plan failure and revision. The key observation is
that the time taken in reasoning about a plan brings the deadline
closer. The reasoner should therefore take account of the passage of
time during that same reasoning, and this accounting must continuously
affect every decision under time-pressure. Step-logics were introduced
as a mechanism for reasoning situated in time. We employ them here to
create a step-logic planner that lets the time-situated reasoner keep
track of an approaching deadline as he makes (and enacts) his plan,
thereby treating all facets of planning (including plan-formation and
its simultaneous or subsequent execution) as deadline-coupled." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NOBECOURT88,
key    =    "Nobecourt et al." ,
author    =    "Nobecourt, P. and Rolland, C. and Lingat, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Management in an Extended Relational DBMS" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th British National Conference
on Databases" ,
editors    =    "Gray, W." ,
address    =    "Cambridge, England" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "87--123" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 26 13:51:41 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( NOVIKOV95V,
author    =    "Novikov, B. A." ,
title    =    "{Indexing in Temporal Databases}" ,
journal    =    "Programming and Computer Software" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    mar ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( NW93,
key    =    "Patrick O'Neil, G. Weikum" ,
author    =    "Patrick O'Neil and G. Weikum" ,
title    =    "A Log-Structured History Data Access Method (LHAM)" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of HPTS" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OBERWEIS87,
key    =    "Oberweis \& Lausen" ,
author    =    "Oberweis, A. and Lausen, G." ,
title    =    "On the Representation of Temporal Knowledge in
Office Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "131--146" ,
keywords=    "Temporal knowledge; temporal constraint; Petri
net; office system" ,
abstract=    "The representation of temporal knowledge is an
important issue for the conceptual design of office information
systems. Such knowledge concerns the chronological order of events,
durations of activities, starting/ ending times of activities,
repetitive triggering dates as well as time limits. For the
representation of these temporal aspects a Petri net based technique
is described that makes it possible to consider relative and absolute
statements including vagueness. This technique can be integrated into
existing Petri net oriented office information system design
methodologies without leaving the framework of General Net Theory." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 11:04:06 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OBERWEIS95V,
author    =    "A. Oberweis and V. Sanger" ,
title    =    "{GTL - A Graphical Language for Temporal Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 7th International Working
Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "James C. French and Hans Hinterberger" ,
pages    =    "22--31" ,
address    =    "Charlottesville, Virginia" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( OEI94,
author    =    "J.L.H. Oei and H. A. Proper and E.D. Falkenberg" ,
title    =    "{Evolving Information Systems: Meeting the Ever
Changing Environment}" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems Journal" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    jul ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "213-233" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OELMANN91,
key    =    "Oelmann" ,
author    =    "Oelmann, A." ,
title    =    "Representing a System Specification with a
Temporal Dimension in an Object-oriented Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of CAiSE '91" ,
address    =    "Trondheim, Norway" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "540--560" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:47:05 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OEUVRAY95V,
author    =    "P. Oeuvray and G. Hope and P. Miniato" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Data Manager}" ,
booktitle=    "High Performance Transaction Systems (HPTS)
Workshop 1995" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Pacific Grove, California" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OH88,
key    =    "Oh et al." ,
author    =    "Oh, S. and Kim, J. and Lee, Y." ,
title    =    "A Storage Structure for Temporal Database with
Multiple Times" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Working
Conference on Statistical and Scientific Database Management" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "203--220" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 10:00:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OLIVEIRA95,
author    =    "Oliveira, J.P.M. and Edelweiss, N. and Arruda, E.
and Laender, A.H.F. and Cavalcanti, J.M.B." ,
title    =    "{On the Implementation of an Object-Oriented
Temporal Model using Object-Oriented and Relational DBMSs}" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the 6th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    sep ,
pages    =    "35-44" ,
owner    =    "nina" ,
)

@book        ( ONEIL75,
key    =    "O'Neil" ,
author    =    "O'Neil, W. M." ,
title    =    "Time and the Calendars" ,
publisher=    "Sydney University Press" ,
address    =    "Sydney, Australia" ,
year    =    "1975" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inbook        ( OOMOTO93,
key    =    "Oomoto \& Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Oomoto, E. and Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "Design and Implementation of a Visual Query
Language for Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Database Systems for Next-Generation Applications" ,
publisher=    "World Scientific Publishing Co." ,
year    =    "1993" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Mar 26 19:03:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( OOMOTO93B,
key    =    "Oomoto \& Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Oomoto, E. and Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "OVID: Design and Implementation of a Video-Object
Database System" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "August" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "629--643" ,
keywords=    "generalization heirarchy, interval inclusion
inheritance, video object, video object composition, video object
disaggregation, VideoSQL" ,
abstract=    <This paper describes a video-object data model and
the design and implementation of our prototype video-object database
system named OVID based on the model. Notable features of our
video-object data model are to provide (1) a mechanism to share common
descriptional data among video-obojects, called "interval-inclusion
based inheritance," and (2) operations to composite video-objects.
OVID system offers a browsing/inspection tool VideoChart, an adhoc
query facility, VideoSQL, and a video-object definition tool.> ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  8 17:12:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OOV94,
author    =    "G. Ozsoyoglu and Z.M. Ozsoyoglu and K. Vadaparty" ,
title    =    "{A scientific database system for polymers and
materials engin eering needs}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 7th International Working
Conference on Scienti fic and Statistical Database Management" ,
address    =    "Charlottesville, VA" ,
pages    =    "138-148" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( ORCI93,
key    =    "Orci" ,
author    =    "Orci, T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning and Data Bases" ,
school    =    "Dept. of Computer and Systems Science, Stockholm
University" ,
address    =    "Sweden" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 21:40:46 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORCI94,
author    =    "T. Orci" ,
title    =    "{A Data Model for Multi-Temporal, Dynamically
Verifiable Information Systems}" ,
booktitle=    "Baltic Workshop on National Infrastructure
Databases: - Problems, Methods, and Experiences" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    " Vilnius, Lithuania" ,
month    =    may ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORCI95,
key    =    "Orci" ,
author    =    "T. Orci" ,
title    =    "{Adding a Temporal Dimension to a Deductive
Database}" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Reasoning Workshop of the International
Conference on Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORCI95B,
key    =    "Terttu Orci" ,
author    =    "Terttu Orci" ,
title    =    "Framework for Temporal Deductive Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORENSTEIN86A,
key    =    "Orenstein" ,
author    =    "Orenstein, J. A." ,
title    =    "Spatial Query Processing in an Object-Oriented
Database System" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "326--336" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:57:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORGUN92,
key    =    "Orgun92" ,
author    =    "Orgun, M. A." ,
title    =    "A Relational Algebra as a Query Language for
Temporal Datalog" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications" ,
organization=    "DEXA" ,
publisher=    "DEXA" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Aug  9 18:03:32 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ORGUN93AV,
author    =    "M. A. Orgun and H. A. Muller" ,
title    =    "{A temporal algebra based on an abstract model}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th Australian Database
Conference" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( ORGUN93V,
author    =    "M.A. Orgun" ,
title    =    "{On Temporal Deductive Databases}" ,
institution=    "Department of Computing, Macquarie University" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
number    =    "93-140" ,
month    =    dec ,
address    =    "Australia" ,
note    =    "Revised version to appear in Computational
Intelligence, Vol.12" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( ORGUN95V,
author    =    "M.A. Orgun" ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Algebra with Recursive Equations}" ,
institution=    "Macquarie University" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
number    =    "No.C/TR95-05" ,
month    =    nov ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( OSBORN89,
key    =    "Osborn" ,
author    =    "Osborn, S." ,
title    =    "The Role of Polymorphism in Schema Evolution in an
Object-Oriented Database" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Data and Knowledge
Engineering" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "310--317" ,
keywords=    "Object-oriented databases; polymorphism; query
equivalence; query languages; schema evolution" ,
abstract=    "A polymorphic object algebra for an
object-oriented database model is introduced. Types of schema
modification, which follow naturally from this model, are described.
It is shown to what extent queries return identical or equivalent
results when the objects in the databases are modified to conform to a
modified schema." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec  8 11:17:18 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( OVERMYER81,
key    =    "Overmyer" ,
author    =    "Overmyer, R." ,
title    =    "A Time Expert For Ingres" ,
institution=    "University of California, Berkeley" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
pages    =    "1--49" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 14:22:25 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( OVERMYER82,
key    =    "Overmyer \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Overmyer, R. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Implementation of a Time Expert in a Database
System" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "51--59" ,
abstract=    "This paper reports on the design and
implementation of a time expert for a relational data base system. It
demonstrates that a sophisticated expert can be written easily and
cause minimal performance degradation. As a result, extending a
database system to support user defined data types is an easy
operation." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 13:50:18 1983" ,
)

@article    ( OW93,
author    =    "G. Ozsoyoglu and H. Wang" ,
title    =    "{Example-Based graphical database query languages}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Computer" ,
year    =    1993 ,
volume    =    "26" ,
number    =    "5" ,
month    =    may ,
pages    =    "25-38" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( OZKARAHAN95,
author    =    "E. Ozkarahan" ,
title    =    "{Multimedia Document Retrieval}" ,
journal    =    "Information Processing and Management" ,
pages    =    "113-131" ,
volume    =    "31" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "Jan/Feb" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( OZSOYOGLU92,
key    =    (\"{O}zsoyo\v{g}lu et al.) ,
author    =    (\"{O}zsoyo\v{g}lu, G. and Du, K. and Guru swamy,
S. and Hou, W.-C.) ,
title    =    "Processing Real-Time, Non-Aggregate Queries with
Time-Constraints in CASE-DB" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Alamitos, CA" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
volume    =    "8" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "410--417" ,
abstract=    "CASE-DB is a real-time, single-user, relational
prototype DBMS that permits the specification of strict time
constraints for relational algebra queries. Given a non-aggregate
query and a fragment chain for each input relation of the query,
CASE-DB uses iterative query evaluation techniques to obtain a
response first to a modified version of the query, and then to
successively improved versions of the query. CASE-DB controls the risk
of overspending the time quota at each step using a risk control
technique. For periodically occurring queries, CASE-DB uses
incremental query evaluation techniques that make sure that each
operator in the query has at least one operand relation which contains
the changes in the last period and is expected to be very small
compared to the actual database relation." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  4 21:49:45 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@article    ( OZSOYOGLU95,
key    =    (\"{O}zsoyo\v{g}lu and Snodgrass) ,
author    =    (\"{O}zsoyo\v{g}lu, G. and Snodgrass, R.) ,
title    =    "Temporal and Real-Time Databases: A Survey" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
abstract=    "A {\em temporal database} contains time-varying
data. In a {\em real-time database} transactions have deadlines or
timing constraints. In this paper we review the substantial research
in these two heretofore separate research areas. We first characterize
the time domain, then investigate temporal and real-time data models.
We evaluate temporal and real-time query languages along several
dimensions. Temporal and real-time DBMS implementation is examined. We
conclude with a summary of the major accomplishments of the research
to date, and list several research questions that should be addressed
next." ,
keywords=    "object-oriented database; relational databases;
query language; temporal data model; time-constrained database;
transaction time; user-defined time; valid time" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Mar 14 21:44:03 1995" ,
)

@article    ( OZSOYOGLU95A,
key    =    "Ozsoyoglu \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Ozsoyoglu, G. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal and Real-Time Databases: A Survey" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "513--532" ,
abstract=    "A temporal database contains time-varying data. In
a real-time database transactions have deadlines or timing
constraints. In this paper we review the substantial research in these
two previously separate areas. First we characterize the time domain;
then we investigate temporal and real-time data models. We evaluate
temporal and real-time query languages along several dimensions. We
examine temporal and real-time DBMS implementation. Finally, we
summarize major research accomplishments to date and list several
unanswered research questions. Index Terms: Object-oriented databases,
relational databases, query languages, temporal data models,
time-constrained databases, transaction time, user-determined time,
valid time." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 14:18:38 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( OZSU95,
key    =    "Ozsu et al." ,
author    =    "Ozsu, M. T. and Peters, R. and Szafron, D. and
Irani, B. and Lipka, A. and Munoz, A." ,
title    =    "TIGUKAT: A Uniform Behavioral Objectbase
Management System" ,
journal    =    "VLDB Journal" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "37" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 15:15:53 1996" ,
abstract=    "We describe the TIGUKAT object-base management
system that is under development at the Laboratory for Database
Systems Research at the University of Alberta. TIGUKAT has a novel
object model whose identifying characteristics include a purely
behavioral semantics and a uniform approach to objects. Everything in
the system, including types, classes, collections, behaviors,
functions as well as meta-information, is a first-class object with
well-defined behavior. In this way, the model abstracts everything,
including traditional structural notions such as instance variables,
method implementation and schema definition, into a uniform semantics
of behaviors on objects. Our emphasis in this paper is on the object
model, its implementation, the persistence model and the query
language. We also (briefly) present other database management
functions that are under development such as the query optimizer, the
version control system and transaction manager." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PANAYIOTOPOULOS95,
author    =    "Panayiotopoulos, T. and Gergatsoulis, M." ,
title    =    "{Intelligent Information Processing using TRLi" ,
)

@article    ( PANG95,
key    =    "Pang et al" ,
author    =    "Pang, H. and Carey, M. J. and Livny, M." ,
title    =    "Multiclass Query Scheduling in Real-Time Database
Systems" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "533--551" ,
abstract=    "In recent years, a demand for real-time systems
that can manipulate large amounts of shared data has led to the
emergence of real-time database systems (RTDBS) as a research area.
This paper focuses on the problem of scheduling queries in RTDBSs. We
introduce and evaluate a new algorithm called Priority Adaptation
Query Resource Scheduling (PAQRS) for handling both single class and
multiclass query workloads. The performance objective of the algorithm
is to minimize the number of missed deadlines, while at the same time
ensuring that any deadline misses are scattered across the different
classes according to an administratively-defined miss distribution.
This objective is achieved by dynamically adapting the system's
admission, memory allocation, and priority assignment policies
according to its current resource configuration and workload
characteristics. A series of experiments confirms that PAQRS is very
effective for real-time query scheduling. Index Terms: Query
processing, real-time database systems, memory management, priority
scheduling." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 16:53:17 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PATRICK94,
author    =    "Patrick, J.D. and Roddick, J.F." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Support for a Behavioural Data Model" ,
)

@book        ( PAVISE82,
key    =    "Pavise" ,
author    =    "Pavise, F." ,
title    =    "The Book of Calendars" ,
publisher=    "Facts on File" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 29 10:14:22 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( PENBERTHY88,
key    =    "Penberthy" ,
author    =    "Penberthy, J. S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Unification and the Temporal Partial
Order" ,
journal    =    "ieee" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "223--228" ,
abstract=    "This paper describes two aspects of integrating a
temporal reasoner into PROMPT, a system that solves problems in
physical domains; all of the ideas presented in this paper have been
fully implemented and tested. The notion of a Temporal Partial Order
is introduced frist. This partial order maintains linear inequalities,
minima and maxima among timepoints; such relations are needed for
reasoning with numeric and symbolic temporal information. This paper
also presents methods for interfacing this temporal reasoner with an
existing inference engine. The combination of these methods with
standard unification techniques is called Temporal Unification; its
style of unification maintains a transparent interface between the
inference engine and the temporal reasoner. By using the Temporal
Partial Order and the technique of temporal unification, PROMPT is
capable of symbolic and numeric temporal reasoning at multiple levels
of abstraction." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 17 00:30:31 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PERESSI94,
author    =    "E. Peressi and A. Montanari and B. Pernici" ,
title    =    "{T-ORM: Evolving Objects and Roles" ,
)

@techreport    ( PERNICI89,
key    =    "Pernici \& Pezze" ,
author    =    "Pernici, B. and Pezze, M." ,
title    =    "Temporal Analysis of Office Procedure" ,
institution=    "CEFRIEL Report" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 12:10:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PETERS95,
key    =    "Peters \& Ozsu" ,
author    =    "Peters, R. J. and Ozsu, M. T." ,
title    =    "Axiomatization of Dynamic Schema Evolution in
Objectbases" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Database Engineering" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "156--164" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 20 12:18:36 1995" ,
abstract=    "The schema of a system consists of the constructs
that model its entities. Schema evolution is the timely change and
management of the schema Dynamic schema evolution is the management of
schema changes while the system is in operation. We propose a sound
and complete axiomatic model for dynamic schema evolution in
object-base management systems (OBMS's) that support subtyping and
property inheritance. The model is formal, which distinguishes it from
the traditional approach of informally defining a number of invariants
and rules to enforce them. By reducing systems to the axiomatic model,
their functionality with respect to dynamic schema evolution can be
compared within a common framework." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( PETLEY91,
key    =    "Petley" ,
author    =    "Petley, B. W." ,
title    =    "Time and Frequency in Fundamental Metrology" ,
journal    =    "Proceedings of the IEEE" ,
volume    =    "79" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "1070--1077" ,
abstract=    "TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PETROUNIAS94,
key    =    "Petrounias \& Loucopoulos" ,
author    =    "Petrounias, I. and Loucopoulos, P." ,
title    =    "Time Dimension in a Fact-Based Model" ,
booktitle=    "First International COnference on Object Role
Modelling" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 13:27:22 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( PEUQUET94,
author    =    "Peuquet, D." ,
title    =    "{It's About Time: A Conceptual Framework for the
Representation of Temporal Dynamics in Geographic Information Systems}" ,
journal    =    "Annals of the Association of the American
Geographers" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "84" ,
number    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "441-461" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PINCIROLI92,
key    =    "Pinciroli et al." ,
author    =    "Pinciroli, F. and Combi, C. and Pozzi, G." ,
title    =    "Object-oriented DBMS Techniques for
Time-orientated Medical Record" ,
journal    =    "Medical Informatics" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "231--241" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:02:39 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PINCIROLI92B,
key    =    "Pinciroli et al." ,
author    =    "Pinciroli, F. and Combi, C. and Pozzi, G." ,
title    =    "An Object-oriented Approach Towards Integration of
Temporally-oriented Medical Data and Images" ,
booktitle=    "MEDINFO 92: Proceedings of the Seventh World
Congress on Medical Informatics" ,
address    =    "Geneva, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "131--137" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:17:36 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( PISSINOU90,
key    =    "Pissinou" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N." ,
title    =    "A Conceptual Framework for Time in Object
Databases" ,
number    =    "CRI-90-26" ,
institution=    "Computer Research Institute, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:42:06 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( PISSINOU90B,
key    =    "Pissinou" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N." ,
title    =    "Time in Object Databases" ,
type    =    "A Proposal for the Ph.D. Thesis" ,
institution=    "Computer Research Institute, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:43:23 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( PISSINOU91,
key    =    "Pissinou" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N." ,
title    =    "Extending the 3dis to Support Time" ,
number    =    "CRI-91-1" ,
institution=    "Computer Research Institute, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:44:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( PISSINOU91B,
key    =    "Pissinou" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N." ,
title    =    "Time in Object Databases" ,
school    =    "Computer Research Institute, University of
Southern California" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "December" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:46:15 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU92,
key    =    "Pissinou \& Makki" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "T-3dis: An Approach to Temporal Object Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:48:48 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( PISSINOU93,
key    =    "Pissinou \& Makki" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "A Framework for Temporal Object Database Models" ,
booktitle=    "Advances in Computer Sciences" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:50:06 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU93A,
key    =    "Pissinou et al." ,
author    =    "Pissinou, Niki and Makki, Kia and Yesha, Yelena" ,
title    =    "On Temporal Modeling in the Context of Object
Databases" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "22" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "8--15" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 14 12:42:05 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU93B,
key    =    "Pissinou \& Makki" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "A Storage Organization for Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Systems and Sciences" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:51:19 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU93C,
key    =    "Pissinou \& Makki" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "A Unified Model and Methodology for Temporal
Object Databases" ,
journal    =    "International Journal on Intelligent and
Cooperative Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:52:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU93D,
key    =    "Pissinou et al." ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K. and Yesha, Y." ,
title    =    "Research Perspective on Time in Object Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:56:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU93E,
key    =    "Pissinou \& Makki" ,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "A Unified Model and Methodology for Temporal
Object Databases" ,
booktitle=    "International Journal of Intelligent and
Cooperative Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "201--223" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 13:30:07 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU93V,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "{A Unified Model and Methodology for Temporal
Object Databases}" ,
journal    =    "The International Journal on Intelligent and
Cooperative Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "201--223" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU94,
key    =    "Pissinou et al." ,
author    =    "Pissinou, Niki and Makki, Kia and Park, E. K." ,
title    =    "Towards a Framework for Integrating Multilevel
Secure Models and Temporal Data Models" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Information and
Knowledge Management" ,
address    =    "Gaithersburg, Maryland" ,
volume    =    "3" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec  1 10:46:09 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU94AV,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "{Separating Semantics from Representation in a
Temporal Object Database Domain}" ,
journal    =    "The Journal of Computer Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "34" ,
number    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "41--46" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU94B,
key    =    "Pissinou et al." ,
author    =    (Pissinou, N. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Elmasri, R.
and Mumick, I.S. and \"{O}zsu, M.T. and Pernici, B. and Segev, A. and
Theodoulidis, B.) ,
title    =    "Towards an Infrastructure for Temporal Databases:
Report of an Invitational ARPA/NSF Workshop" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "35--51" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:43:07 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU94BV,
author    =    "N. Pissinou and K. Makki" ,
title    =    "{On The Representation of Temporal Object Roles in
Object Oriented Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "165--168" ,
month    =    may ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU94V,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Makki, K." ,
title    =    "{A Coherent Architecture for a Temporal Object
Database Management System}" ,
journal    =    "The International Journal of Systems and Software" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
volume    =    "27" ,
number    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "195--205" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU95AV,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Raghavan, V. and Vanapipat, K." ,
title    =    "{RIMM: A Reactive Integration Multidatabase Model}" ,
journal    =    "The Informatica: The International Journal of
Computing and Informatics" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "177--193" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PISSINOU95BV,
author    =    "Vanapipat, K. and Pissinou, N. and Raghavan, V." ,
title    =    "{A Dynamic Framework to Actively Support
Interoperability in Multidatabase Systems}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Workshop
on Research Issues on Database Engineering: Distributed Object
Management (RIDE)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
editor    =    "Bukhres, O. and Ozsu, T. and Shan, M.C." ,
pages    =    "148--153" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
month    =    mar ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU95V,
author    =    "N. Pissinou" ,
title    =    "{MUTOM: A Multi-User Temporal Object Model}" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Computer & Software
Engineering" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "3" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PISSINOU96V,
author    =    "Pissinou, N. and Vanapipat, K." ,
title    =    "{Active Database Rules in Distributed Database
Systems: A Dynamic Approach to Solving Structural and Semantic
Conflicts in Distributed Database Systems}" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Computer Systems, Science
and Engineering" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "35--44" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( PLEXOUSAKIS-PHD,
author    =    "Plexousakis, D." ,
title    =    "{On the Efficient Maintenance of Temporal
Integrity in Knowledge Bases}" ,
school    =    "{University of Toronto}" ,
year    =    1996 ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PLEXOUSAKIS-VLDB,
author    =    "Plexousakis, D." ,
title    =    "{Integrity Constraint and Rule Maintenance in
Temporal Deductive Knowledge Bases}" ,
booktitle=    "{Proceedings of the 19th VLDB Conference}" ,
address    =    "{Dublin, Ireland}" ,
year    =    1993 ,
pages    =    "146-157" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PLEXOUSAKIS95B,
author    =    "D. Plexousakis" ,
title    =    "{Compilation and Simplification of Temporal
Integrity Constraints" ,
)

@article    ( PMY93,
key    =    "Niki Pissinou, Kia Makki, Y. Yesha" ,
author    =    "Niki Pissinou and Kia Makki and Y. Yesha" ,
title    =    "On Temporal Modeling in the Context of Object
Databases" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "22" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    sep ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "8-15" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PNUELI77,
key    =    "Pnueli" ,
author    =    "Pnueli, A." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Logic of Programs" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 18th Symposium on FOCS" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
year    =    "1977" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 16:17:52 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PORTINALE93V,
author    =    "Portinale, L." ,
title    =    "{Selecting Observation Time in the Monitoring and
Interpretation of Time-varying Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Italian
Association for Artificial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "314--325" ,
address    =    "Torino, Italy" ,
month    =    oct ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol. 728" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( PRATT92,
key    =    "Pratt /& Bree" ,
author    =    "Pratt, I. and Bree, D." ,
title    =    "The Expressive Power of the English Temporal
Preposition System" ,
institution=    "University of Manchester" ,
address    =    "Manchester, UK" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "41" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 15 13:46:12 1995" ,
abstract=    "In this report, we present an account of the
semantics of the English temporal prepositions. The approach taken
here stresses the limited range of expressive possibilities afforded
by these words, and pays particular attention to the irregular
interactions they exhibit with verb-tense and -aspect. A framework is
developed within which the semantics of English temporal expressions
can be couched, allowing the temporal prepositions to be grouped
according to their 'temporal function'. A key finding of the report is
that the eighteen temporal prepositions considered here express,
between them, at most six distinct temporal functions." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( PRICE94,
author    =    "G. Price and A. Grey" ,
title    =    "{Object Oriented Databases and their Application
to Historical Data}" ,
journal    =    "History and Computing" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( PRIOR67,
key    =    "Prior" ,
author    =    "Prior, A." ,
title    =    "Past, present, future" ,
publisher=    "Oxford University Press" ,
year    =    "1967" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 23 14:57:12 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PROPER93V,
author    =    "H. A. Proper and Th. P. van der Weide" ,
title    =    "{Towards a General Theory for the Evolution of
Application Domains}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th Australian Database
Conference (ADC)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    feb ,
address    =    "Brisbane" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PROPER94,
author    =    "H. A. Proper and Th. P. van der Weide" ,
title    =    "EVORM: A Conceptual Modelling Technique for
Evolving Application Domains" ,
journal    =    "Data & Knowledge Engineering" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier/North Holland/Pergamon" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    may ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "313-359" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( PROPER94A,
author    =    "H.A. Proper" ,
title    =    "{A Theory of Conceptual Modelling of Evolving
Application Domains}" ,
school    =    "Univ. of Nijmegen" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Nijmegen, The Netherlands" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PROPER95,
author    =    "H. A. Proper and Th. P. van der Weide" ,
title    =    "Information Disclosure in Evolving Information
Systems: Taking as Shot at a Moving Target" ,
journal    =    "Data & Knowledge Engineering" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier/North Holland/Pergamon" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    apr ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "135-168" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( PROPER95V,
author    =    "H.A. Proper and T.P. van der Weide" ,
title    =    "{A General Theory for Evolving Application Models}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "6" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PROVETTI94,
key    =    "Alessandro Provetti" ,
author    =    "Alessandro Provetti" ,
title    =    "Hypothetical Reasoning from Situation Calculus to
Event Calculu" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( PSEMOPSTD94,
key    =    "Niki Pissinou, Richard T. Snodgrass, Ramez
Elmasri, Inderpal Singh Mumick, M. Tamer Ozsu, Barbara Pernici, Arie
Segev, Babis Theodoulidis, Umeshwar Dayal" ,
author    =    "Niki Pissinou and Richard T. Snodgrass and Ramez
Elmasri and Inderpal Singh Mumick and M. Tamer Ozsu and Barbara
Pernici and Arie Segev and Babis Theodoulidis and Umeshwar Dayal" ,
title    =    "Towards an Infrastructure for Temporal Databases:
Report of an Invitational ARPA/NSF Workshop" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    mar ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "35-51" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PT95,
key    =    "Wanlin Pang and Andre Trudel" ,
author    =    "Wanlin Pang and Andre Trudel" ,
title    =    "Representing and reasoning about motion in a
two-dimensional world" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( PU94V,
author    =    "C. Pu and M. K. Tsang and K.L. Wu and P. S. Yu" ,
title    =    "{Multiversion Divergence Control of Time
Fuzziness}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    nov ,
address    =    "Gaithersburg, Maryland" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( QUANG84,
key    =    "Quang" ,
author    =    "Quang, N. B." ,
title    =    "Notion de Temps Dans les Bases de Donnees
Generalisees" ,
type    =    "Rapport de Dea Imag" ,
address    =    "Grenoble" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 24 13:57:28 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( QUANG85,
key    =    "Quang" ,
author    =    "Quang, N. B." ,
title    =    "Gestion des Historiques Pour la Base de Donnees
Generalisees TIGRE" ,
type    =    "R.R TIGRE IMAG" ,
address    =    "Grenoble" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 24 14:03:45 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( QUINN91,
key    =    "Quinn" ,
author    =    "Quinn, T. J." ,
title    =    "The BIPM and the Accurate Measurement of Time" ,
journal    =    "Proceedings of the IEEE" ,
volume    =    "79" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "894--906" ,
abstract=    "TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RA95,
key    =    "Ra \& Rundensteiner" ,
author    =    "Ra, Y. and Rundensteiner, E. A." ,
title    =    "A Transparent Object-Oriented Schema Change
Approach Using View Evolution" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Database Engineering" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
address    =    "Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "165--172" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 20 13:35:22 1995" ,
abstract=    "When a database is shared by many users, updates
to the database schema are almost always prohibited because there is a
risk of making existing application programs obsolete when they run
against the modified schema. This paper addresses the problem by
integrating schema evolution with view facilities. When new
requirements necessitate schema updates for a particular user, the
user specific schema changes to the personal view rather than to the
shared base schema. Our view evolution approach then Compute a new
view schema that reflect the semantics of the desired schema change
and replaces the old view with the new one. We present algorithms that
implement the get of schema evolution operations typically supported
by OODB systems as view definitions. This approach provides the means
for schema change without affecting other views (and thus without a
affecting existing application programs). The persistent data is
shared by different views of the schema i.e., both old as well as
newly developed applications can continue to interoperate. In this
paper, we present examples that demonstrate our approach." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( RAMAMRITHAM92,
key    =    "Ramamritham" ,
author    =    "Ramamritham, K." ,
title    =    "Real-Time Databases" ,
journal    =    "International Journal of Distributed and Parallel
Databases" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
abstract=    "Data in real-time databases has to be logically
consistent as well as temporally consisten. The latter arises from the
need to preserve the temporal validity of data items that reflect the
state of the environment being controlled by the system. Some of the
timing constraints on the transactions that process real-time data
come from this need. These constraints, in turn, necessitate
time-cognizant transaction processing so that transactions can be
processed to meet their deadlines. In this paper, after introducing
the characteristics of data and transactions in real-time databases,
we discuss issues that relate to the processing of time-constrained
transactions. Specifically, we examine different approaches to
resolving contention over data and processing resources. We also
explore the problems of recovery, managing I/O, and handling
overloads. Real-time databases have the potential to trade off the
quality of the result of a query or a transactions for its time-ly
processing. Quality can be measured in terms of the completeness,
accuracy, currency, and consistency of the results. Several aspects of
this trafeoff are also considered." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 15 11:34:28 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RAMAMRITHAM93,
key    =    "Ramamritham" ,
author    =    "Ramamritham, K." ,
title    =    "Time for Real-Time Temporal Databases?" ,
booktitle=    " Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:16:59 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RAMASWAMY94V,
author    =    "S. Ramaswamy and S. Subramanian" ,
title    =    "{Path Caching: A Technique for Optimal External
Searching}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "25--35" ,
address    =    "Minneapolis, MN" ,
month    =    may ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( RAMSEY91C,
key    =    "Ramsey" ,
author    =    "Ramsey, N. F." ,
title    =    "The Past, Present, and Future of Atomic Time and
Frequency" ,
journal    =    "Proceedings of the IEEE" ,
volume    =    "79" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "936--943" ,
abstract=    "TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( REED83,
key    =    "Reed" ,
author    =    "Reed, D. P." ,
title    =    "Implementing Atomic Actions on Decentralized Data" ,
journal    =    "tocs" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "3--23" ,
abstract=    "Synchronization of accesses to shared data and
recovering the state of such data in the case of failures are really
two aspects of the same problem - implementing atomic actions on a
related set of data items. In this paper a mechanism that solves both
problems simultaneously in a way that is compatible with requirements
of decentralized systems is described. In particular, the correct
construction and execution of a new atomic action can be accomplished
without knowledge of all other atomic actions in the system that might
execute concurrently. Further, the mechanisms degrade gracefully if
parts of the system fail: only those atomic actions that require
resoures in failed parts of the system are prevented from executing,
and there is no single coordinator that can fail and bring down the
whole system." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 12 13:53:30 1984" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( REICH94,
key    =    "Alfred J. Reich" ,
author    =    "Alfred J. Reich" ,
title    =    "Intervals, Points, and Branching Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( REINGOLD93,
key    =    "Reingold et al." ,
author    =    "Reingold, E. M. and Clamen, S. M. and Dershowitz,
N." ,
title    =    "Calendrical Calculations Part II: Three Historical
Calendars" ,
journal    =    "spe" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "899--928" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 22 15:19:02 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@book        ( RESCHER71,
key    =    "Rescher \& Urquhart" ,
author    =    "Rescher, N. C. and Urquhart, A." ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1971" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 29 17:02:27 1982" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RICHARDS91,
key    =    "Richards et al." ,
author    =    "Richards, B.; Jiang, Y.; Choi, H." ,
title    =    "On Interval-based Temporal Planning: an IQ
Strategy" ,
booktitle=    "Methodologies for Intelligent Systems. 6th
International Symposium, ISMIS '91, Proceedings" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "226--235" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:33:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RICHARDSON92A,
key    =    "Richardson" ,
author    =    "Richardson, J." ,
title    =    "Supporting Lists in a Data Model (A Timely
Approach)" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 18th VLDB Conference" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, Canada" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "127--138" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 13:53:47 1996" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( ROBERTSON93,
key    =    "Robertson \& McDonald" ,
author    =    "Robertson, C. J. and McDonald, J. R." ,
title    =    "Bring a Transformation to Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "New Zealand Journal of Computing" ,
volume    =    "4" ,
number    =    "2" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
abstract=    "Temporal database researchers, while incorporating
time into database management systems, have usually added a non-delete
contraint, stopping any update or deletion of historical data held by
the database. This ignores one aspect of temporal data, that its value
to the user changes as it ages. Some data may be irrelevant once it
reaches a certain age and should be deleted, other data could be
condensed to retain some of its value. A temporal data model is
pressented which goes some way to fill this need." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  8 16:30:40 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( ROBINSON79B,
key    =    "Robinson" ,
author    =    "Robinson, K." ,
title    =    "An Entity Event Data Modelling Method" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "22" ,
number    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "270--281" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:11:30 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( RODDICK90,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J." ,
title    =    "Incorporating Temporal Semantics into Behavioural
Database Systems" ,
school    =    "Deakin University" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct  6 16:12:43 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( RODDICK91,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. and Patrick, J." ,
title    =    "Adding Temporal Support to the RM/T Model" ,
booktitle=    "Databases in the 1990s" ,
publisher=    "World Scientific Publishing Co." ,
year    =    "1991" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "45--57" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct  6 16:14:59 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( RODDICK91A,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. and Patrick, J." ,
title    =    "Temporal Semantics - A Survey" ,
number    =    "1/91" ,
institution=    "Deakin University" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct  6 16:16:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK91B,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J." ,
title    =    "Dynamically Changing Schemas Within Database
Models" ,
journal    =    "Australian Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "105--109" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct  6 16:18:36 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( RODDICK91C,
key    =    "Roddick \& Patrick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. F. and Patrick, J. D." ,
title    =    "Adding Temporal Support to the RM/T Model" ,
booktitle=    "Databases in the 1990s: 2" ,
publisher=    "World Scientific Publishing Co." ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "112--123" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 17 19:59:08 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK92,
key    =    "Roddick \& Patrick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. F. and Patrick, J. D." ,
title    =    "Temporal Semantics in Information Systems -- A
Survey" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
publisher=    "Pergammon Press Ltd" ,
volume    =    "17" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "249--267" ,
keywords=    "Temporal databases; temporal semantics; temporal
reasoning; schema evolution" ,
abstract=    "If a computer system is to deal with temporal
semantics, it must understand the nature of time and have the ability
to accept and reason with time-related facts. This reasoning ranges
from the knowledge and use of chronological nature of a given calendar
system, to the more complex nature of inductive reasoning between
related events and time periods. This paper investigates the handling
of time as it has been applied to the fields of data modelling and
artificial intelligence. Systems using the techniques are
investigated. significant features and properties are then extracted
and examined where they are pertinent to systems capable of modelling
temporal data." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 22 14:34:19 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK92A,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. F." ,
title    =    "SQL/SE - A Query Language Extension for Databases
Supporting Schema Evolution" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
publisher=    "Acm Press" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "10--16" ,
abstract=    "The incorporation of a knowledge of time within
database systems allows for temporally related information to be
modelled more naturally and consistently. Adding this support to the
metadatabase further enhances its semantic capability and allows
elaborate interrogation of data. This paper presents SQL/SE, an SQL
extension capable of handling schema evolution in relational database
systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 13 13:54:35 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK92C,
key    =    "Roddick" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J.F." ,
title    =    "Schema Evolution in Database Systems --- An
Annotated Bibliography" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "35--40" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jan 10 10:59:19 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RODDICK93,
key    =    "Roddick et al." ,
author    =    "Roddick, J.~F. and Craske, N.~G. and Richards,
T.~J." ,
title    =    "A Taxonomy for Schema Versioning Based on the
Relational and Entity Relationship Models" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th International Conference
on Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Dallas, TX" ,
editor    =    "R. Elmasri" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "139--150" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 14:23:25 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( RODDICK93A,
key    =    "Roddick J.~F." ,
author    =    "Roddick, J.~F." ,
title    =    "Implementing Schema Evolution in Relational
Database Systems: An Approach Based on Historical Schemata" ,
institution=    "Dept. of Computer Science and Computer
Engineering, La Trobe University" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "October" ,
pages    =    "139--150" ,
type    =    "10/93" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 14:33:13 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( RODDICK94,
key    =    "Roddick \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. F. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Transaction Time Support in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:52:52 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( RODDICK94A,
key    =    "Roddick \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Roddick, J. F. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Schema Versioning Support in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:58:46 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( RODDICK94C,
title    =    "{Schema Evolution in Database Systems - an Updated
Bibliography" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( RODDICK94D,
title    =    "{A Model for Temporal Inductive Inference and
Schema Evolution in Relational Database Systems" ,
)

@incollection    ( RODDICK95,
author    =    "Roddick, J.F. and Patrick, J.D." ,
title    =    "{Perspectives on the Accommodation of Temporal
Semantics in Information Systems: the Artificial Intelligence and Data
Modelling Approaches" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK95A,
author    =    "Roddick, J.F." ,
title    =    "{A Survey of Schema Versioning Issues for Database
Systems" ,
)

@incollection    ( RODDICK95V1,
key    =    "Roddick \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "J.~F. Roddick and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Transaction Time Support" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "17" ,
pages    =    "319--325" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( RODDICK95V2,
key    =    "Roddick \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "J.~F. Roddick and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Schema Versioning" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "22" ,
pages    =    "427--449" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( RODDICK96,
author    =    "Roddick, J.F." ,
title    =    "{A Model for Schema Versioning in Temporal
Database Systems" ,
)

@book        ( ROHR65,
key    =    "Rohr" ,
author    =    "Rohr, R." ,
title    =    "Sundials: History, Theory, and Practice" ,
publisher=    "University of Toronto Press" ,
address    =    "Toronto, Canada" ,
year    =    "1965" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROSE91,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
title    =    "TOODM - A Temporal Object-Oriented Data Model with
Temporal Constraints" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on the Entity Relationship Approach" ,
author    =    "Rose, E. and A. Segev" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
abstract=    "A static Entity-Relationship (ER) or static
Extended ER (EER) data model is not sufficient for representing the
underling time component of the data, more complex data types ad found
in planning, design and office automation applications or the
operations required for this complex data. the decreasing cost of mass
storage devices accompanied by an increased need for real-timeasystems
and easier access to historical and planning data has made the study
of the temporal aspects of data models more interesting both
theoretically and practically. Furthermore, the ER-based data models
can capture relationships between classes but they do not understand
the object-oriented paradigm since they treat application-specific
relationships and paradigm-specific relationships such as inheritance
in the same manner. This shortcoming accompanied by a lack of support
for the time dimension results in the specification of temporal
relationships and constraints at the application level and often leads
to inconsistencies in the data. In this paper, We extend the
opject-based ER model into a temporal, object-oriented model,
incorporate temporal structuress and constraints in the data model and
propose a temporal, object-oriented query language for the model." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 31 17:17:20 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@techreport    ( ROSE92B,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rose, E. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Object-Oriented Algebra and Data Model" ,
number    =    "LBL-32013" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:55:09 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROSE93A,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rose, E. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "TOOA: A Temporal Object-Oriented Algebra" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the European Conference on
Object-Oriented Programming" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 15 14:51:02 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROSE93B,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rose, E. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "TOOSQL -- A Temporal Object-oriented Query
Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on the Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
address    =    "Dallas, TX" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:21:54 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ROSE93C,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rose, E. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Object-Oriented Query Language and
Algebra and Data Model" ,
number    =    "LBL Technical Report 32013" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:23:45 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ROSE94,
key    =    "Rose \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rose, Ellen and Segev, Arie" ,
title    =    "Schema Versioning in a Temporal Object-Oriented
Data Model" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkely Laboratory" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, California" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
keywords=    "temporal database; object-oriented database;
schema evolution; schema versioning; data definition language; data
manipulation language" ,
abstract=    "This paper proposes a means for schema versioning
in a temporal, object-oriented data model called TOODM. A data
definition language (DDL) is developed to describe evolving schema
definitions. This DDL incorporates the concept of time sequences to
store histories of a schema's properties. Update and retrieval
operators for the manipulation of the schema are also developed. The
data model has been implemented as a graphical frontend to POSTGRES." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec  3 19:46:18 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROSENTHAL86A,
key    =    "Rosenthal et al." ,
author    =    "Rosenthal, A. and Heiler, S. and Dayal, U. and
Manola, F." ,
title    =    "Traversal Recursion: A Practical Approach to
Supporting Recursive Applications" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "166--176" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 22:53:57 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( ROTEM86,
key    =    "Rotem \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rotem, D. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Physical Design of Temporal Databases" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "LBL-21747" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of
California at Berkeley" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we propose a partitioning scheme of
files in a temporal database system, and develop algorithms to
minimize the overflow associated with that scheme. The proposed
partitioning is suitable for range queries and aggregation operations
along the time dimension. Simulation results show that the
partitioning algorithms proposed in this paper result in better
performance than in the case of a grid-type partitioning." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 17:45:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROTEM87A,
key    =    "Rotem \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rotem, D. and Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Physical Organization of Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "547--553" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we propose a partitioning scheme of
files in a temporal database system, and develop algorithms to
minimize the overflow associated with that scheme. The proposed
partitioning is suitable for range queries and aggregation operations
along the time dimension. Simulation results show that the
partitioning algorithms proposed in this paper result in better
performance than in the case of a grid-type partitioning." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 14 22:48:44 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ROTEM87B,
key    =    "Rotem \& Segev" ,
author    =    "Rotem, D., and A. Segev" ,
title    =    "Physical Organization of Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "454-466" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 22:37:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@article    ( ROTH88,
key    =    "Roth et al." ,
author    =    "Roth, M. and Korth, H. and and Silberschatz, A." ,
title    =    "Extended Algebra and Calculus for Nested
Relational Databases" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "13" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "388--417" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 17:09:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( ROWE87F,
key    =    "Rowe \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Rowe, L. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "The POSTGRES Papers" ,
number    =    "UCB/ERL M86/85" ,
institution=    "University of California" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, CA" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 08:15:01 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RRS93,
key    =    "Roth, Ramakrishnan \& Seshadri" ,
author    =    "William G. Roth and Raghu Ramakrishnan and Praveen
Seshadri" ,
title    =    "MIMSY: A System for Analyzing Time Series Data in
the Stock Market Domain" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Logic Databases Workshop" ,
pages    =    "33-43" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RRS93B,
key    =    "Roth, Ramakrishnan \& Seshadri" ,
author    =    "William G. Roth and Raghu Ramakrishnan and Praveen
Seshadri" ,
title    =    "MIMSY: A System for Stock Market Analysis" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Logic Databases Workshop" ,
pages    =    "121-142" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( RUBENSTEIN85,
key    =    "Rubenstein" ,
author    =    "Rubenstein, W. B." ,
title    =    "Indexes for Time-Ordered Data" ,
school    =    "ucb" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
abstract=    "Time-ordered data are those which include
information regarding their organization along a ``time line''.
Examples are Project Task Management (PERT) data, and Calendar data.
There are many instances where we wish to store time-ordered data in a
database system. We desire efficient methods for performing search and
update operations on this data. Because of the unusual ordering
semantics of time-ordered data, the problem of efficiently indexing
such structures is problematic. This paper presents a semantics for
time-ordered data, outlines the operations to be performed on that
data, and analyzes a possible solution to the indexing problem." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 11:06:39 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( RYU91A,
key    =    "Ryu" ,
author    =    "Ryu, K. H." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Database Management Main Memory
Prototype" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "26" ,
institution=    "University of Arizona" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
abstract=    "A Temporal Database Management System supports
valid and transaction time. In this paper, we discuss the design and
implementation of a temporal database management main memory
prototype. The prototype consists of a syntactic analyzer, a semantic
analyzer, a code generator, and an interpreter. The syntactic analyzer
builds a parse tree from a temporal query. The semantic analyzer then
checks it for correctness against the system catalog. The code
generator builds an execution tree. The interpreter then activates
each node of the execution tree. We give examples of query execution.
This work was done while the author visited the University of Arizona." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Apr  7 17:11:20 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( RYU91B,
key    =    "Ryu" ,
author    =    "Ryu, K. H." ,
title    =    "Users Manual and Tutorial for TempIS User
Interface" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "27" ,
institution=    "University of Arizona" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents a tutorial of the prototype
and display system, describing the interfacing between the two
components and how to use the system. This integrated system, is
called {\em TempIS}, consists of a prototype DBMS, a display system,
and an interface module. The prototype is a database management system
which supports time. The display system shows graphical forms for
tuples produced by the prototype. The interface module integrates the
prototype and display system. When the user issues a request, the user
interface control module activates the prototype and/or the display
system. Finally, {\em TempIS} reads the temporal query, produces
temporal instances, interprets graphical schema, synthesizes the
results into graphical objects, and draws them on a Sun screen. {\em
TempIS} also gives the result of the temporal query to the user after
retrieving the data from a temporal database. This work was done while
the author visited the University of Arizona." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Apr  7 17:11:20 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( RZY94,
author    =    "F. Ramparany and R. Zigman and R. Yap" ,
title    =    "{Integrating Causal and Coarse Grain Temporal
Reasoning in a Model Based Control System}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Artificial
Intelligence for Applications" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "389-395" ,
month    =    mar ,
address    =    "San Antonio, TX" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( SAABCD+94B,
key    =    "Richard T. Snodgrass, Ilsoo Ahn, Gadi Ariav, Don
S. Batory, James Clifford, Curtis E. Dyreson, Ramez Elmasri, Fabio
Grandi, Christian S. Jensen, Wolfgang Kafer, Nick Kline, Krishna G.
Kulkarni, T. Y. Cliff Leung, Nikos A. Lorentzos, John F. Roddick, Arie
Segev, Michael D. Soo, Suryanara M. Sripada" ,
author    =    "Richard T. Snodgrass and Ilsoo Ahn and Gadi Ariav
and Don S. Batory and James Clifford and Curtis E. Dyreson and Ramez
Elmasri and Fabio Grandi and Christian S. Jensen and Wolfgang Kafer
and Nick Kline and Krishna G. Kulkarni and T. Y. Cliff Leung and Nikos
A. Lorentzos and John F. Roddick and Arie Segev and Michael D. Soo and
Suryanara M. Sripada" ,
title    =    "A TSQL2 Tutorial" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    sep ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "27-33" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( SAABCDEGJK94,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and I. Ahn and G. Ariav and D. S.
Batory and J. Clifford and C. E. Dyreson and R. Elmasri and F. Grandi
and C.~S. Jensen and W. Kafer and N. Kline and K. Kulkanri and T. Y.
C. Leung and N. Lorentzos and J. F. Roddick and A. Segev and M. D. Soo
and S. M. Sripada" ,
title    =    "{TSQL2} Language Specification" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    mar ,
pages    =    "65--86" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb 14 02:57:00 1994" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SAAKE87,
key    =    "Saake \& Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Saake, G. and Lipeck, U. W." ,
title    =    "Foundations of Temporal Integrity Monitoring" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "239--246" ,
keywords=    "Database integrity; temporal logic; integrity
monitoring; transition graphs" ,
abstract=    "To ensure temporal integrity of a database, each
sequence of database states must satisfy given constraints. We present
basic results and algorithms for monitoring integrity constraints
expressed in temporal logic. The essential means of monitoring are
finite transition graphs which can be constructed from arbitrary
propositional temporal formulas. For a current state sequence, an
integrity monitor has to follow corresponding paths through transition
graphs and to check certain nontemporal conditions in each state;
these conditions are provided as edge labels. Thus, monitoring
temporal integrity is reduced to a controlled checking of static
integrity, so that all errors up to the present database state are
detected." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 14:11:14 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@incollection    ( SAAKE88,
key    =    "Saake \& Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Saake, G. and Lipeck, U. W." ,
title    =    "Foundations of Temporal Integrity Monitoring" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Aspects in Information Systems" ,
editor    =    "Rolland, C. and Bodart, F. and Leonard, M." ,
publisher=    "North-Holland" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "235--249" ,
abstract=    "To ensure temporal integrity of a database, each
sequence of database states must satisfy given constraints. We present
basic results and algorithms for monitoring integrity constraints
expressed in temporal logic. The essential means of monitoring are
finite transition graphs which can be constructed from arbitrary
propositional temporal formulas. For a current state sequence, an
integrity monitor has to follow corresponding paths through transition
graphs and to check certain nontemporal conditions in each state;
these conditions are provided as edge labels. Thus, monitoring
temporal integrity is reduced to a controlled checking of static
integrity, so that all errors up to the present database state are
detected." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 11:40:43 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SAAKE88A,
key    =    "Saake \& Lipeck" ,
author    =    "Saake, G. and Lipeck, U." ,
title    =    "Using Finite-Linear Temporal Logic for Specifying
Database Dynamics" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Computer
Science Logic" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Berlin" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "288--300" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:11:54 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( SAAKE88B,
key    =    "Saake" ,
author    =    "Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Spezifikation, Semantik, und Uberwachung von
Objektlebenslaufen in Datenbanken" ,
school    =    "Technical University of Braunschweig" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:08:38 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( SAAKE90,
key    =    "Saake" ,
author    =    "Saake, G." ,
title    =    "Descriptive Specification of Database Object
Behaviour" ,
journal    =    "Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:09:48 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SADEGHI87A,
key    =    "Sadeghi et al." ,
author    =    "Sadeghi, R. and Samson, W. B. and Deen, S. M." ,
title    =    "HQL --- A Historical Query Language" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
institution=    "Dundee College of Technology" ,
address    =    "Dundee, Scotland" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
abstract=    "HQL is a relational query language, capable of
supporting both conventional and historical queries. HQL is a superset
of the query language DEAL. It has a simple structure, and a user
friendly syntax. With the added power of recursion and high level
constructs such as while loops and if statements and assignments, HQL
is more expressive than any other temporal query language that has
been developed so far." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 16 14:45:09 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( SADEGHI87B,
key    =    "Sadeghi" ,
author    =    "Sadeghi, R." ,
title    =    "A Database Query Language for Operations on
Historical Data" ,
school    =    "Dundee College of Technology" ,
address    =    "Dundee, Scotland" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 11 19:24:26 1988" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SALZBERG94A,
author    =    "B. Salzberg" ,
title    =    "{Timestamping After Commit" ,
)

@article    ( SALZBERG95A,
author    =    "B. Salzberg" ,
title    =    "{Access Methods" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARAEE95V,
author    =    "Saraee, M. H. and Theodoulidis, C." ,
title    =    "{Knowledge Discovery in Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "IEE Colloquium on Knowledge Discovery in Databases" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
month    =    feb ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA84,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Handling of Time in Database Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Computer
Symposium" ,
pages    =    "603--610" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:44:14 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA87A,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Modelling of Time and History Data in Database
Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings CIPS Congress 87 Winnipeg" ,
organization=    "CIPS" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "15--20" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 24 16:47:54 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA87B,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Design of an Information System using a Historical
Database Management System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of International Conference on
Information Systems" ,
organization=    "CIPS" ,
month    =    "Dec" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "86--96" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 24 16:50:21 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@techreport    ( SARDA88A,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Extensions to SQL for Historical Databases" ,
institution=    "Division of Mathematics, Engineering and Computer
Science, University of New Brunswick" ,
address    =    "Saint John, New Brunswick" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:45:04 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SARDA88B,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Design of a Historical Database Management System" ,
institution=    "Division of Math, Engr, and Computer Science,
University of New Brunswick, Saint John, N. B. Canada" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
note    =    "submitted to VLSI 88" ,
abstract=    "A Historical Database Management System (HDMBS) is
an extended DBMS which provides built-in facilities for handling of
time and storage and retrieval of history data. While most of HDBMS
research has been concentrated so far on concepts, new algebra and new
query languages, we consider, in this paper, a realistic
implementation of HDBMS in all its completeness. The design issues
addressed here include storage structures and access methods, schema
processing, query optimization and query execution. The HDBMS data
model chosen by us is a simple yet adequate extension of the
relational data model. The guiding principle in defining our
implementation approach is to build the HDBMS using techniques already
used in a conventional DBMS. We have taken System R as a typical
implementation of a conventional (relational) DBMS, and within its
framework, we have identified the nature and extent of additional
support required to build a HDBMS. We show that only a few and simple
extensions are required to build a practical HDBMS." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue May 24 17:01:09 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@techreport    ( SARDA88C,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "An Algorithm for Time-rollback on Historical
Relations" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science and Engineering" ,
address    =    "Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun  9 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@article    ( SARDA90,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Extensions to SQL for Historical Databases" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
volume    =    "2" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "220--230" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:30:21 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA90A,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Design of a Historical Database Management System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the CSI Indore Chapter Conference
(invited paper)" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
abstract=    "A historical database management system (HDBMS) is
an extended-DBMS which provides built-in facilities for handling of
time and storage and retrieval of history data. While most of HDBMS
research has been concentrated so far on concepts, new algebra and new
query languages, we consider, in this paper, some implementation
aspects of HDBMS. The design issues addressed here include schema
processing, query optimization and query execution. Storage structures
and access methds are considered briefly. The HDBMS data model chosen
by us is a simple yet adequate extension of the relationnal data
model. The guilding principle in defining our implementation apporach
is to build the HDBMS using techniques already used in a conventional
DBMS. We have taken System R as a typical implementation of a
conventional (relational) DBMS, and with in its framework, we have
identified the nature and extent of additional support required to
build aHDBMS. We show that some important extensions are required to
build a practical HDBMS." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:35:54 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( SARDA90B,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Algebra and Query Language for a Historical Data
Model" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "33" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "11--18" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 09:37:21 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SARDA90C,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "Time-rollback using Logs in Historical Databases" ,
institution=    "Indian Institute of Technology" ,
address    =    "Bombay, India" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
abstract=    "A temporal database supports both real-world (ie,
valid) time and transaction time, and provides the rollback
capability. A historical database, on the other hand, supports only
the valid time. In this paper, we show that the rollback capability
can be provided for the historical databases by makeing use of logs.
We propose this as an alternative to implementing temporal databases
using two timestamps in tuples of temporal relations. It is shown to
be more efficient when number of rollack queries are not high. We
present algorithms to apply corrections to the historical databases
and for the rollback operation." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 10:48:18 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SARDA92,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Time Grid: A File Structure for Historical
Databases" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science \& Engineering,
I.I.T." ,
address    =    "Bombay, India" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we define characteristics and
requirements for voluminous data that need to be managed by
historical/temporal database systems. We then review the scant work
reported in literature towards this. A new access structure, called
``time-grid'' is proposed to index historical data on some
user-defined attribute and the implicit time. This dynamic structure
handles the ever-expanding time dimension efficiently, and permits
uniform access to data on either or both of the attribute and time. It
also facilitates useful historical algebra operations like
``time-slice'' and ``concurrent join''. We outline the algorithms for
creation as well as retrieval operations." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 12 23:05:00 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA92B,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Recent Trends in Historical Databases" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Information Systems
and Management of Data (CISMOD'92)" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
month    =    "July" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
note    =    "(Invited talk)" ,
pages    =    "205--226" ,
abstract=    "Since time is ubiquitous dimension for all human
and organizational activities, considerable research activity is being
directed towards modelling of time and handling of historical data in
database systems. This paper reviews some of the recent research; and
presents our own proposal for a historical database management system.
We discuss and review many aspects of research in the context of our
proposal, which include extensions to relational data model,
definition of historical algebra, query languages, etc. We also draw
attention to two important issues : efficient storage structures and
query optimization, which need more work in future." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun  9 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inbook        ( SARDA93,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N." ,
title    =    "HSQL: A Historical Query Language" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "5" ,
pages    =    "110--140" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:59:23 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( SARDA93B,
key    =    "Sarda" ,
author    =    "Sarda, N. L." ,
title    =    "Time-rollback Using Logs in Historical Databases" ,
journal    =    "Information and Software Technology" ,
volume    =    "35" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "171--180" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 22:50:02 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARDA95V,
author    =    "N.L. Sarda" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Databases: Recent Developments and
Applications (Tutorial)}" ,
booktitle=    "4th International Conference on Deductive and
Object-Oriented Databases (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SARIN86A,
key    =    "Sarin et al." ,
author    =    "Sarin, S. K. and Kaufman, C. W. and Somers, J. E." ,
title    =    "Using History Information to Process Delayed
Database Updates" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
editor    =    "Kambayashi, Y." ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "71--78" ,
abstract=    "An algorithm is described which processes database
updates arriving out of order in a way that maintains a consistent
view of the data. This problem arises in the context of a high
availability replicated database architecture in which updates are
totally ordered by timestamp but do not necessarily arrive at a site
in timestamp order. The algorithm uses a history of object values
written and objects read by updates. When a new update arrives and is
executed, higher-timestamped updates that read its results are
scheduled for undoing and reexecution; such reexecution may in turn
cause additional updates to be reexecuted, and so on. A major goal of
the algorithm is to avoid this kind of cascading when reexecution of
an update would have the same effect as it had before. A prototype
implementation of the algorithm for a relational database is
described. It is suggested that the algorithm may be of use outside
its original context, in the maintenance of historical databases." ,
keywords=    "Database updates, Historical information" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri May  8 17:43:50 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( SARNAK86,
key    =    "Sarnak \& Tarjan" ,
author    =    "Sarnak, N. and Tarjan, E." ,
title    =    "Planar Point Location Using Persistent Search
Trees" ,
journal    =    "CACM" ,
publisher=    "acm" ,
volume    =    "29" ,
number    =    "7" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "669--679" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed May 17 14:45:37 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCALAS88,
key    =    "Scalas \& Tiberio" ,
author    =    "Scalas, M. R. and Tiberio, P." ,
title    =    "Integration of Temporal Versions of Data for
Management of Knowledge Dynamics in PRO-COM (Prometheus)" ,
booktitle=    "4th Meeting on Radiomobile Systems" ,
address    =    "Pontecchio Marconi, Italy" ,
month    =    "October" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "7--22" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCALAS93,
key    =    "Scalas et al" ,
author    =    "Scalas, M. R. and Cappelli, A. and De Castro, C." ,
title    =    "A Model for Schema Evolution in Temporal
Relational Databases" ,
booktitle=    "7th IEEE COMPEURO Annual European Computer
Conference" ,
address    =    "Paris-Evry, France" ,
month    =    "May" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "223--231" ,
abstract=    "Recently, attention has been focused on temporal
databases, where transaction time and valid time are added to the
data. In this context, the modification of the schema which a DBMS can
undergo during its lifetime, known as schema changes, must develop
into the higher concept of schema evolution. Changes to the schema
produce versions of previous schemas along both time axes and these
versions must be maintained and managed during the whole database
life. In the first part of the paper we provide a short overview on
the issues of temporal relational databases and relational schema
changes. In the second part we give some basic outline for the
integration of these two aspects into a temporal relational database
model supporting schema evolution." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCDS95,
author    =    "Richard T. Snodgrass and James Clifford and
Umeshwar Dayal and Arie Segev" ,
title    =    "Panel: Whither TSQL3?" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "335" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCHAEFERS91,
key    =    (Sch\"{a}fers \& Schlageter) ,
author    =    (Sch\"{a}fers, L. and Schlageter, G.) ,
title    =    "Toward Full Support of Modeling and Querying
Temporal Aspects in Relational Database Systems" ,
institution=    "University of Hagen, West Germany" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:40:59 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCHIEL82,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "The Temporal-Hierarchic Model (THM)" ,
type    =    "Report" ,
number    =    "10/82" ,
institution=    "Institut f. Informatik, University of Stuttgart" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 15:39:19 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHIEL83,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "An Abstract Introduction to the
Temporal-Hierarchic Model (THM)" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Florence, Italy" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "322--330" ,
editor    =    "Schkolnick, M. and Thanos, C." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul  7 15:41:39 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHIEL85,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "The Time Dimension in Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.1 Working Conference
on Theoretical and Formal Aspects of Information Systems" ,
address    =    "Barcelona, Spain" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "67--76" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jun 26 20:58:24 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHIEL85A,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "Time and Space in Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IFIP Working Group G8.1 Working
Conference on TFAIS" ,
editor    =    "Sernadas, A." ,
publisher=    "North Holland Publishing Company" ,
pages    =    "67--78" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 07:55:02 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCHIEL85B,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "Representation and Retrieval of Incomplete Data
and Temporal Information" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "DSC-01/85" ,
institution=    "Fed. University of Paraiba" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:37:50 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHIEL91,
key    =    "Schiel" ,
author    =    "Schiel, U." ,
title    =    "An Open Environment for Objects with Time and
Versioning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the East-European Conference on
Object Oriented Programming (EastEurOOPe)" ,
address    =    "Bratislava" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:03:44 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHLEIFER95,
author    =    "Schleifer, P. and Sun, Y. and Patel, D." ,
title    =    "{Modelling Temporal Semantics in an
Object-Oriented Database" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHLEIFER96,
author    =    "Schleifer, P. and Sun, Y. and Patel, D." ,
title    =    "{The Implementation of a Chronicle Collection
Class in Smalltalk/DB" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCHMIDT95,
key    =    "Schmidt et al." ,
author    =    "Schmidt, D. and Dittrich, A. K. and Dreyer, W." ,
title    =    "Time Series, A Neglected Issue in Temporal
Database Research" ,
type    =    "The CALANDA Time Series Management System" ,
institution=    "UBILAB, Union Bank of Switzerland" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "15" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 16:37:49 1996" ,
abstract=    "With a few notable exceptions, it appears that the
temporal database research community has largely neglected time series
issues, believing that time series can be easily handled by temporal
database management systems. In this paper, we take a different
position. Time series management has special requirements concerning
structural and functional aspects, time model, calendar system and
query facilities. Temporal database management systems do not satisfy
these requirements: mapping time series into snapshot and temporal
relations is intricate, performance is problematic, functionality is
only partly adequate, and the capability to organize time series into
arbitrary groups is missing. A few commercial and research systems
show interesting approaches, but more research is required to develop
completely satisfying solutions." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHMIDT95A,
key    =    "Schmidt et al." ,
author    =    "Schmidt, D. and Marti, R. and Dittrich, A. K. and
Dreyer, W." ,
title    =    "Time Series, a Neglected Issue in Temporal
Database Research?" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "214--234" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:45:26 1995" ,
abstract=    "With a few notable exceptions, it appears that the
temporal database research community has largely neglected time series
issues, believing that time series can be easily handled by temporal
database management systems. In this paper, we take a different
position. Time series management has special requirements concerning
structural and functional aspects, time model, calendar system and
query facilities. Temporal database management systems do not satisfy
these requirements: mapping time series into snapshot and temporal
relations is intricate, performance is problematic, functionality is
only partly adequate, and the capability to organize time series into
arbitrary groups is missing, A few commercial and research systems
show interesting approaches, but more research is required to develop
completely satisfying solutions." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCHREIBER92,
key    =    "Schreiber" ,
author    =    "Schreiber, F. A." ,
title    =    "Is Time A Real Time? An Overview of Time Ontology
in Informatics" ,
number    =    "92-046" ,
institution=    "Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione,
Politecnico di Milano" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
abstract=    "Aim of this paper is to introduce several aspects
of time in the heterogeneous world of Informatics and define
ontologies for time in different domains of computers and their
applications. Some philosophical and physical backgrounds are give, to
show how, from the richness of often contrasting ideas developed in
the framework of these disciplines, many useful concepts have been
derived also for computer science. Architectural aspects of computer
systems, Information Systems applications, and Real-time systems, are
considered as temporally problematic domains." ,
keywords=    "clock; information system; philosophical theories;
real time system; relativity theory; synchronization; temporal logic;
time ontology; time skew" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Feb 25 08:54:26 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( SCHUBERT83,
key    =    "Schubert et al." ,
author    =    "Schubert, L. K. and Papalaskaris, M. A. and
Taugher, J." ,
title    =    "Determining Type, Part, Color, and Time
Relationships" ,
journal    =    "Computer" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "10" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "53--60" ,
abstract=    "Much combinatory reasoning can be short-circuited
by using special graphical and geometrical methods when determining
certain relationships-the ones people grasp without thinking." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul 17 13:15:00 1986" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@incollection    ( SCHUELER77,
key    =    "Schueler" ,
author    =    "Schueler, B." ,
title    =    "Update Reconsidered" ,
booktitle=    "Architecture and Models in Data Base Management
Systems" ,
editor    =    "Nijssen, G. M." ,
publisher=    "North Holland Publishing Co." ,
year    =    "1977" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Mar  2 16:45:14 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCHWARTZ83,
key    =    "Schwartz et al." ,
author    =    "Schwartz, R. L. and Melliar-Smith, P. M. and Vogt,
F. H." ,
title    =    "An Interval Logic for Higher-Level Temporal
Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Second Annual Symposium on
Principles of Distributed Computing" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Quebec" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "173--186" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  3 13:41:47 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SCIORE91,
key    =    "Sciore" ,
author    =    "Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "Multidimensional Versioning for Object-Oriented
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. Second International Conf. on Deductive and
Object-Oriented Databases" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
abstract=    "Many database applications require the storage
manipulation of different versions of data objects. However, current
database systems do not support versioning well. Each application area
trates versions in its own way, and these ways are usually
incompatible with each other. We show how this incompatibility can be
resolved by separating the physical, conceptual, and logical levels of
versioning. We develop a version specification language at the
conceptual level. By encoding the logical versioning semantics of an
application into orthogonal dimensions, we gereralize the ideas of
historical and temporal databases to arbitrary object-oriented
databases. The result is a unified, applicaton-independent treatment
of versioning." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug  8 16:23:50 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@techreport    ( SCIORE91A,
key    =    "Sciore" ,
author    =    "Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "Versioning and Configuration management in an
Object-Oriented Data Model" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Department, Boston College" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
number    =    "BCCS 91-12 revised" ,
abstract=    "many database applications require the storage and
manipulation of different versions of data objects. In order to
satisfy the seemingly diverse needs of thesse applications, current
database systems support versioning at a very low level. This paper
demonstrates that application-independent versioning can be supported
at a significantly higher level. In particular, we extend the EXTRA
data model and EXCESS query language so that configurations can be
specified concepturally and num-procedurally. We also show how version
sets can be viewed multidimensionally, which allows configurations to
be expressed at an especially high level of abstraction. The resulting
model integrates and generalizes the ideas of CAD systems, CASE
systems, and temporal databases." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 20 14:11:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@article    ( SCIORE91B,
key    =    "Sciore" ,
author    =    "Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "Using Annotations to Support Multiple Kinds of
Versioning in an Object-Oriented Database System" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
publisher=    "acm" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "417-438" ,
abstract=    "The concept of annotation from object-oriented
languages is adapted to object-oriented databases. Is is shown how
annotations can be used to model activities such as constraint
checking, default values and triggers. Annotations also are an
appropiate way to model different versioning concepts. This paper
discusses three kinds of versioning - histories, revisions, and
alternatives - and demonstrates how each one can be modeled
effectively using annotations. The use of annotations also allows
other kind of versioning to be defined extensibly, and arbitrary
combinations of versions can be handled easily." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov  4 11:35:20 1991" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( SCIORE94,
key    =    "Sciore" ,
author    =    "Sciore, E." ,
title    =    "Versioning and Configuration Management in an
Object-Oriented Data Model" ,
journal    =    "VLDB Journal (to appear)" ,
publisher=    "VLDB Foundation" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan  6 14:04:34 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SDDM95,
key    =    "Duri Schmidt, Angelika Kotz Dittrich, Werner
Dreyer, Robert Marti" ,
author    =    "Duri Schmidt and Angelika Kotz Dittrich and Werner
Dreyer and Robert Marti" ,
title    =    "Time Series, A Neglected Issue in Temporal
Database Research?" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "214-232" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( SEGEV86,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "Modeling Temporal Semantics" ,
number    =    "LBL-22337" ,
institution=    "School of Business Administration" ,
address    =    "University of California, Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "1--19" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we examine the semantics and develop
constructs for temporal data independent of any traditional data
model, such as the relational or network data models. Unlike many
other works which extend existing models to support temporal data and
operators over them without being influenced by traditional models
which were not specifically designed to model temporal data. We
develop data structures that represent sequences of temporal values,
identify their semantic properties, and define operations over these
structures." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 13:34:03 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV87,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "Logical Modeling of Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD Annual Conference on
Management of Data" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
address    =    "San Francisco, CA" ,
editor    =    "Dayal, U. and Traiger, I." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "454--466" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we examine the semantics and develop
constructs for temporal data independent of any traditional data
model, such as the relational or network data models. Unlike many
other works which extend existing models to support temporal data, our
purpose is to characterize the properties of temporal data and
operators over them without being influenced by traditional models
which were not specifically designed to model temporal data. We
develop data constructs that represent sequences of temporal values,
identify their semantic properties, and define operations over these
structures." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 24 16:33:04 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV87A,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "Modeling Temporal Semantics" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
address    =    "France" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "47--60" ,
keywords=    "Temporal data; temporal semantics; time; time
sequences; time series; database; logical modeling" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we examine the semantics and
develop constructs for temporal data independent of any traditional
data model, such as the relational or network data models. Unlike many
other works which extend existing models to support temporal data, our
purpose is to characterize the properties of temporal data and
operators over them without being influenced by traditional models
which were not specifically designed to model temporal data. We
develop data constructs that represent sequences of temporal values,
identify their semantic properties, and define operations over these
structures." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 21 10:28:40 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV88A,
key    =    "Segev and Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "The Representation of a Temporal Data Model in the
Relational Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on
Statistical and Scientific Database Management" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 18 16:48:42 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@incollection    ( SEGEV88B,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "Modeling Temporal Semantics" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Aspects in Information Systems" ,
editor    =    "C. Rolland, F. Bodart, M. Leonard" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "47--58" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 18 17:06:39 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inbook        ( SEGEV88D,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "The Representation of a Temporal Data Model in the
Relational Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
volume    =    "339" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
pages    =    "39--61" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 18 10:02:44 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( SEGEV89B,
key    =    "Segev \& Gunadhi" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Gunadhi, H." ,
title    =    "Event-Join Optimization in Temporal Relational
Databases" ,
number    =    "LBL-26600" ,
institution=    "School of Business Administration and Computer
Science Research Department" ,
address    =    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, University of
California, Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "1--28" ,
abstract=    "An Event-Join is mostly used to group several
temporal attributes of an entity into a single relation. It combines
temporal equi-join and outerjoin components into one operation. The
temporal outerjoin component is different than a non-temporal one
because of a time interval predicate, and it consists of two
asymmetric temporal outerjoin operations. In this paper, we motivate
the need to support the efficient processing of event-joins, and
introduce several optimization algorithms, both for a general data
organization and for specialized organizations-sorted and append-only
databases. For the append-only database we introduce a new data
structure, that can improve the performance of event-joins as well as
other queries. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed
algorithms." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar 29 20:23:17 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV89D,
key    =    "Segev \& Gunadhi" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Gunadhi, H." ,
title    =    "Query Processing in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on Query Optimization" ,
pages    =    "159--164" ,
address    =    "Portland, Oregon" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 24 09:17:10 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV89E,
key    =    "Segev \& Gunadhi" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Gunadhi, H." ,
title    =    "Event-Join Optimization in Temporal Relational
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "205--215" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:35:38 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( SEGEV90,
key    =    "Segev \& Gunadhi" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Gunadhi, H." ,
title    =    "Temporal Query Optimization in Scientific
Databases" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Data Engineering" ,
volume    =    "13" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:33:17 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SEGEV91,
key    =    "Segev" ,
author    =    "Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Database Support for Temporal Queries" ,
booktitle=    "International Workshop on Nonstandard Queries and
Answers Approach" ,
address    =    "Tolouse, France" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "157--176" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:51:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SEGEV92,
key    =    "Segev \& Chandra" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Chandra, R." ,
title    =    "A Data Model for Time-Series Analysis" ,
number    =    "33018" ,
institution=    "Walter A. Hass School of Business and Lawrence
Berkeley Laboratory" ,
address    =    "University of California at Berkeley" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "24" ,
abstract=    "A pooled cross-sectional and time series database
is one that provides a multivariate statistical history for each of a
number of individual units. In this paper, we propose a database model
that captures the complexity of pooled and time-series data. We view
time-series as n-ary vectors, and propose operators for temporal and
statistical data management. We also incorporate an interactive
environment for data analysis. The proposed model is discussed with
reference to other models of temporal and statistical databases that
have been described in the literature." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar  8 18:18:15 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@techreport    ( SEGEV92B,
key    =    "Segev et al." ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and G. Himawan and R. Chandra and J.
Shanthikumar" ,
title    =    "Selectivity Estimation of Temporal Data
Manipulations" ,
number    =    "LBL-27435" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
edition    =    "2nd" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun 13 17:45:20 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( SEGEV92C,
key    =    "Segev \& Gunadhi" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Gunadhi, H." ,
title    =    "Processing Event-joins in Temporal Databases" ,
edition    =    "(in preparation)" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of
California" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, CA" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:17:55 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( SEGEV92D,
key    =    "Segev \& Chandra" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Chandra, R." ,
title    =    "A Data Model for Time-Series Analysis" ,
booktitle=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Oct 16 16:11:41 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( SEGEV93,
key    =    "Segev \& Shoshani" ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Shoshani, A." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Data Model Based on Time Sequences" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "11" ,
pages    =    "248--270" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:15:42 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( SEGEV93B,
key    =    "Segev" ,
author    =    "Segev, A." ,
title    =    "Join Processing and Optimization in Temporal
Relational Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "15" ,
pages    =    "356--387" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:21:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( SEGEV93C,
key    =    "Segev et al." ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and G. Himawan and R. Chandra and J.
Shanthikumar" ,
title    =    "Selectivity Estimation of Temporal Data
Manipulations" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
volume    =    "74" ,
number    =    "1-2" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Oct 16 15:30:59 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( SEGEV95,
key    =    "Segev et al." ,
author    =    "Segev, A. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Report on The 1995 International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "SIGMOD Record" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:47:04 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( SERNADAS80,
key    =    "Sernadas" ,
author    =    "Sernadas, A." ,
title    =    "Temporal Aspects of Logical Procedure Definition" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
pages    =    "167--187" ,
abstract=    "This paper discusses the inclusion of time in a
message-oriented relational model of information systems in order to
achieve memory independent specifications. The concept of memory
independence is reviewed and several systems languages are analysed
from this point of view and also in other aspects of their temporal
properties. The concept of temporal database is formally introduced
and a special model tense logic is developed to deal with it. This
logic is extended with a transition imperative logic to allow the
specification of processes within the information system at a very
high level. The information system is seen as composed of these
concurrent autonomous processes that communicate through the temporal
database divided in event and state assertions." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Sep 29 13:01:44 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SERNADAS87,
key    =    "Sernadas et al." ,
author    =    "Sernadas, A. and Fiadeiro, J. and Sernadas, C. and
Ehrich, H." ,
title    =    "Abstract Object Types: A Temporal Perspective" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Logic in Specification" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Altrincham, UK" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "324--350" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 26 10:48:31 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( SERNADAS91,
key    =    "Sernadas \& Fiadeiro" ,
author    =    "Sernadas, C. and Fiadeiro, J." ,
title    =    "Towards Object Oriented Conceptual Modeling" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Data and Knowledge Engineering" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
number    =    "6" ,
month    =    "October" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug 31 12:08:16 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SESHADRI95,
key    =    "Seshadri et al." ,
author    =    "Seshadri, P. and Livny, M. and Ramakrishnan, R." ,
title    =    "SEQ: A Model for Sequence Databases" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Database Engineering" ,
organization=    "ieee" ,
address    =    "University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "232--239" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 20 15:45:45 1995" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents he SEQ model which is the
basis for a system to manage various kinds of sequence data. The model
separates the data from the ordering information, and includes
operators based on two distinct abstractions of a sequence. The main
contributions of the SEQ model are: (a) it can deal with different
types of sequence data, (b) it supports an expressive range of
sequence queries, (c) it draws from many of the diverse existing
approaches to modeling sequence data." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHAH93,
key    =    "Shah et al." ,
author    =    "Shah, A. A. and Fotouhi, F. and Grosky, W. and
Rana, S. P. and Vashishta, A." ,
title    =    "Offstage Objects and their Renovations in the
Temporal Object System TOS" ,
booktitle=    "The 3rd International Symposium on Database
Systems for Advanced Applications" ,
address    =    "Taejon, Korea" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jan 28 19:06:54 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHAH93V,
author    =    "Shah, A. A. and Fotouhi, F. and Grosky, W." ,
title    =    "{Renovation of Complex Objects in the Temporal
Object System}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th Annual International
Phoenix Conference on Computers and Communications (IPCCC)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "203--209" ,
address    =    "Tempe, AZ" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( SHANNON86G,
key    =    "Shannon" ,
author    =    "Shannon, K. P." ,
title    =    "The Display of Temporal Information" ,
school    =    "unccsd" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu May 16 12:11:40 1985" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( SHENG83,
key    =    "Sheng" ,
author    =    "Sheng, R. L." ,
title    =    "A Linguistic Approach to Temporal Information
Analysis" ,
school    =    "University of California, Berkeley" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Jun  6 00:00:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kalua" ,
)

@techreport    ( SHIFTAN85,
key    =    "Shiftan" ,
author    =    "Shiftan, J." ,
title    =    "An Assessment of the Temporal Differentiation of
Attributes in the Design of Temporally Oriented Relational Databases" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Applications and
Information Systems, New York University" ,
address    =    "Karlsruhe, West Germany" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 24 13:14:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( SHIFTAN86,
key    =    "Shiftan" ,
author    =    "Shiftan, J." ,
title    =    "An Assessment of the Temporal Differentiation of
Attributes in the Implementation of a Temporally Oriented DBMS" ,
school    =    "Information Systems Area, Graduate School of
Business Administration, New York University" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 12:32:38 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHIMIZU95V,
author    =    "T. Shimizu and O. Nakamura and Y. Kiyoki" ,
title    =    "{Multimedia Document System for Temporal and
Spatial Structuring}" ,
booktitle=    "International Workshop on Hypermedia Design (IWHD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Montpellier, France" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHOSHANI86,
key    =    "Shoshani \& Kawagoe" ,
author    =    "Shoshani, A. and Kawagoe, K." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "79--88" ,
editor    =    "Kambayashi, Y." ,
abstract=    "In this paper we develop a framework for the
support of temporal data. The concept of a time sequence is
introduced, and shown to be an important fundamental concept for
representing the semantics of temporal data and for efficient physical
organization. We discuss properties of time sequences that allow the
treatment of such sequences in a uniform fashion. These properties are
exploited in order to design efficient physical data structures and
access methods for time sequences. We also describe operations over
time sequences, and show their power to manipulate temporal data." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jun 26 20:51:06 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( SHOSHANI86B,
key    =    "Shoshani \& Kawagoe" ,
author    =    "Shoshani, A. and Kawagoe, K." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Management" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "LBL-21143" ,
institution=    "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of
California at Berkeley" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  2 10:59:09 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHRUFI-TOPALOGLOU95,
key    =    "Shrufi \& Topaloglou" ,
author    =    "Shrufi, A. and Topaloglou, T." ,
title    =    "{Query Processing for Knowledge Bases Using Join
Indices}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
address    =    "Baltimore, MD" ,
year    =    1995 ,
month    =    nov ,
)

@article    ( SHS95,
key    =    "Scarlet Schwiderski, Thorsten Hartmann, Gunter
Saake" ,
author    =    "Scarlet Schwiderski and Thorsten Hartmann and
Gunter Saake" ,
title    =    "Monitoring Temporal Preconditions in a Behaviour
Oriented Object Model" ,
journal    =    "Data & Knowledge Engineering" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier/North Holland/Pergamon" ,
volume    =    "14" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "143-186" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( SHVARTSMAN93,
author    =    "A.A. Shvartsman" ,
title    =    "{Dealing with History and Time in a Distributed
Enterprise Manager}" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Network" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
month    =    nov ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "32-42" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SHVARTSMAN93A,
author    =    "A.A. Shvartsman" ,
title    =    "{A Historical Object Base in an Enterprise
Management Director}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd IFIP Integrated Network
Management Symposium" ,
pages    =    "123-134" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( SILVERBERG71,
key    =    "Silverberg" ,
author    =    "Silverberg, R." ,
title    =    "Clocks for the Ages: How Scientists Date the Past" ,
publisher=    "The Macmillian Company" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1971" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( SISTLA95,
key    =    "Sistla \& Wolfson" ,
author    =    "Sistla, A.~Prasad and Wolfson, O." ,
title    =    "Temporal Triggers in Active Databases" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "95" ,
pages    =    "471--486" ,
keywords=    "Active databases, triggers, temporal logics,
algorithms" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we propose two languages, called
Future Temporal Logic (FTL) and Past Temporal Logic (PTL), for
specifying triggers. Some examples of trigger conditions that can be
specified in our language are the following: the value of a certain
attribute increases by more than 10 percent in 10 minutes. A tuple
that satisfies a certain predicate is added to the database at least
10 minutes before another tuple, satisfying a different condition, is
added to the database. Such triggers are important for monitor and
control applications. In addition to the languages, we present
algorithms for processing the trigger conditions specified in these
languages, namely, procedures for determining when the trigger
conditions are satisfied. These methods can be added as a temporal
component to an existing database management system. A preliminary
prototype of the temporal component that uses the FTL language has
been built on top of Sybase running on Sun workstations. " ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jul 14 17:40:06 1995" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SJOBERG92,
key    =    "Sjoberg, D." ,
author    =    "Sjoberg, D." ,
title    =    "Measuring Schema Evolution" ,
type    =    "FIDE" ,
number    =    "92-36" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Glasgow" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "271--278" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar 29 15:10:16 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( SJOBERG93,
key    =    "Sjoberg, D." ,
author    =    "Sjoberg, D." ,
title    =    "Quantifying Schema Evolution" ,
journal    =    "Inf. Softw. Tech." ,
volume    =    "35" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "35--44" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar 29 15:13:12 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SK94,
key    =    "S. Soukeras, P. J. H. King" ,
author    =    "S. Soukeras and P. J. H. King" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Functional Language for the Management
Historical Databases" ,
pages    =    "259-269" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database an d Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 856" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
month    =    sep ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SK94B,
key    =    "S. Soukeras, P. J. H. King" ,
author    =    "S. Soukeras and P. J. H. King" ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases: an Event Oriented Approach" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th British National
Conference on Databases (BNCOD)" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 826" ,
pages    =    "38-54" ,
month    =    jul ,
address    =    "Guildford, U.K." ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( SL95,
key    =    "Xiohui Song, Jane W. S. Liu" ,
author    =    "Xiohui Song and Jane W. S. Liu" ,
title    =    "Maintaining Temporal Consistency: Pessimistic vs.
Optimistic Concurrency Control" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "5" ,
month    =    oct ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "786-796" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SLR94,
key    =    "Seshadri, Livny \& Ramakrishnan" ,
author    =    "Praveen Seshadri and Miron Livny and Raghu
Ramakrishnan" ,
title    =    "Sequence Query Processing" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD" ,
address    =    "Minneapolis, MN" ,
pages    =    "430-441" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SLR95,
key    =    "Seshadri, Livny \& Ramakrishnan" ,
author    =    "Praveen Seshadri and Miron Livny and Raghu
Ramakrishnan" ,
title    =    "SEQ: A Model for Sequence Databases " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "232-239" ,
address    =    "Taipei, Taiwan" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SML95,
key    =    "Rose Sturm, Jutta A. Mulle, Peter C. Lockemann" ,
author    =    "Rose Sturm and Jutta A. Mulle and Peter C.
Lockemann" ,
title    =    "Temporized and Localized Rule Sets" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on
Rules in Database Systems (RIDS)" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 985" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
editor    =    "T. Sellis" ,
pages    =    "131-146" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SNODGRASS84A,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
address    =    "Waterloo, Ontario, Canada" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
pages    =    "204--212" ,
abstract=    "Recently, attention has been focussed on
historical databases (HDBs), representing many states of an enterprise
over time. A new language, TQuel, has been developed to query an HDB.
TQuel is a superset of Quel, the query language in the Ingres
relational database management system. This paper provides an overview
of the language, motivating the various design decisions with the
objective that it be a minimal extension, both syntactically and
semantically, of Quel." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Dec 13 09:31:05 1983" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SNODGRASS85B,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Ahn" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. and Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "A Taxonomy of Time in Databases" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
editor    =    "Navathe, S." ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
pages    =    "236--246" ,
address    =    "Austin, TX" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS86A,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Ahn" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Ahn, I." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Computer" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "9" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "35--42" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 26 17:42:43 1985" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS86E,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Gomez" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. and Gomez, S." ,
title    =    "Aggregates in the Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
number    =    "TR86-009" ,
institution=    "unccsd" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS86H,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. (ed.)" ,
title    =    "Research Concerning Time in Databases: Project
Summaries" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "19--39" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jan 13 21:04:28 1987" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS87A,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "The Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "12" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "247--298" ,
abstract=    "Recently, attention has been focused on temporal
databases, representing an enterprise over time. We have developed a
new language, TQuel, to query a temporal database. TQuel was designed
to be a minimal extension, both syntactically and semantically, of
Quel, the query language in the Ingres relational database management
system. This paper discusses the language informally, then povides a
tuple relational calculus semantics for the TQuel statements that
differ from their Quel counterparts, including the modification
statements. The three additional temporal constructs defined in TQuel
are shown to be direct semantic analogues of Quel's where clause and
target list. We also discuss reducibility of the semantics to Quel's
semantics when applied to a static database. TQuel is compared with
ten other query languages supporting time." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb 24 18:58:48 1986" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS87C,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. and Gomez, S. and McKenzie, E." ,
title    =    "Aggregates in the Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "16" ,
institution=    "unccsd" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
keywords=    "TQuel; databases; aggregates" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jul 27 23:20:48 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS88B,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Special Issue on Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug 19 12:21:44 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS89D,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. and Gomez, S. and McKenzie, E." ,
title    =    "Aggregates in the Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
number    =    "TR--89--26" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Arizona" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
keywords=    "TQuel; databases; aggregates" ,
abstract=    "This paper defines aggregates in the temporal
query language TQuel and provides their formal semantics in the tuple
relational calculus. A formal semantics for Quel aggregates is defined
in the process. Multiple aggregates; aggregates appearing in the
where, when, and valid clauses; nested aggregation; and instantaneous,
cumulative, moving window, and unique variants are supported. These
aggregates provide a rich set of statistical functions that range over
time, while requiring minimal additions to TQuel and its semantics" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Nov 25 16:35:30 1989" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS90,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases: Status and Research Directions" ,
journal    =    "ACM SIGMOD Record" ,
volume    =    "19" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "83--89" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Nov 16 11:07:33 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@unpublished    ( SNODGRASS92C,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "TSQL: A Design Approach" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
pages    =    "8" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct  5 13:36:21 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS93A,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R. and Gomez, S. and McKenzie, E." ,
title    =    "Aggregates in the Temporal Query Language TQuel" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "826--842" ,
abstract=    "This paper defines aggregates in the temporal
query language TQuel and provides their formal semantics in the tuple
relational calculus. A formal semantics for Quel aggregates is defined
in the process. Multiple aggregates; aggregates appearing in the
where, when, and valid clauses; nested aggregation; and instantaneous,
cumulative, moving window, and unique variants are supported. These
aggregates provide a rich set of statistical functions that range over
time, while requiring minimal additions toT Quel and its semantics" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu May 21 11:11:40 1992" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inbook        ( SNODGRASS93B,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "An Overview of TQuel" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "6" ,
pages    =    "141--182" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS94,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Ahn, I. and Ariav, G. and
Batory, D.S. and Clifford, J. and Dyreson, C.E. and Elmasri, R. and
Grandi, F. and Jensen, C.~S. and Kafer, W. and Kline, N. and Kulkanri,
K. and Leung, T.Y.C. and Lorentzos, N. and Roddick, J.F. and Segev, A.
and Soo, M.D. and Sripada, S.M." ,
title    =    "TSQL2 Language Specification" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
pages    =    "65--86" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb 14 02:57:00 1994" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS94B,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Section Overview: Temporal Database Infrastructure" ,
journal    =    "sigplan" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "34" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Sep 12 11:36:38 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94C,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "TSQL Design Initiative" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:40:04 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94D,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Schema Specification in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:49:32 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94E,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Jensen" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Jensen, C.~S." ,
title    =    "The From Clause in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:50:30 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94F,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. (editor)" ,
title    =    "An Evaluation of TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov  2 15:35:27 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94K,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. (editor)" ,
title    =    "A TSQL2 Tutorial" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:33:02 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94L,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "TSQL2: A Design Approach" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:34:34 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94M,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Soo" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Soo, M." ,
title    =    "Supporting Multiple Calendars in TSQL2: An
Overview" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:38:15 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94N,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Event Tables in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 18 13:45:51 1995" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS94P,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Ahn, I. and Ariav, G. and
Batory, D.S. and Clifford, J. and Dyreson, C.E. and Elmasri, R. and
Grandi, F. and Jensen, C.~S. and Kafer, W. and Kline, N. and Kulkanri,
K. and Leung, T.Y.C. and Lorentzos, N. and Roddick, J.F. and Segev, A.
and Soo, M.D. and Sripada, S.M." ,
title    =    "A TSQL2 Tutorial" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "27--33" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:35:58 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@unpublished    ( SNODGRASS94Q,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Kulkarni, K. and Kucera, H.
and Mattos, N." ,
title    =    "Proposal for a new SQL Part---Temporal" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
note    =    "ISO/IEC JTC1/SC21 WG3 DBL RIO-75, X3H2-94-481" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:38:40 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@unpublished    ( SNODGRASS94R,
key    =    "Snodgrass and Kucera" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T. and Kucera, H." ,
title    =    "Rationale for Temporal Support in SQL3" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
pages    =    "11" ,
note    =    "ISO/IEC JTC1/SC21/WG3 DBL SOU-177, SQL/MM SOU-02" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:40:31 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SNODGRASS94X,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and I.~Ahn and G.~Ariav and
P.~Bayer and J.~Clifford and C.~E.~Dyreson and F.~Grandi and
L.~Hermosilla and C.~S.~Jensen and W.~Kafer and N.~Kline and
K.~Kulkarni and T.~Y.~C.~Leung and N.~Lorentzos and Y.~Mitsopoulos and
J.~F.~Roddick and M.~D. ~Soo and S.~M.~Sripada" ,
title    =    "An Evaluation of TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "University of Arizona, Department of Computer
Science" ,
pages    =    "53" ,
month    =    sep ,
year    =    "1994" ,
note    =    "In: The TSQL2 Language Specification" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inbook        ( SNODGRASS95C,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "Temporal Object Oriented Databases: A Critical
Comparison" ,
booktitle=    "Modern Database Systems: The Object Model,
Interoperability and Beyond" ,
publisher=    "Addison-Wesley/ACM Press" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
chapter    =    "19" ,
pages    =    "386--408" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 26 16:30:05 1995" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V1,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Kucera" ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and H. Kucera" ,
title    =    "Rationale for a Temporal Extension to SQL" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "1" ,
pages    =    "3--18" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V2,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Introduction to TSQL2" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "19--31" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V3,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "TSQL2 Tutorial" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "3" ,
pages    =    "33--47" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V4,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and C.~S. Jensen and C.~E. Dyreson
and W. Kafer and N. Kline and J.~F. Roddick" ,
title    =    "A Second Example" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "4" ,
pages    =    "49--73" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V5,
key    =    "Snodgrass \& Soo" ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and M.~D. Soo" ,
title    =    "Supporting Multiple Calendars" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "7" ,
pages    =    "103--121" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V6,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and C.~S. Jensen and F. Grandi" ,
title    =    "Schema Specification" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "11" ,
pages    =    "241--243" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V7,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass and C.~S. Jensen and F. Grandi" ,
title    =    "The From Clause" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "12" ,
pages    =    "245--249" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SNODGRASS95V8,
key    =    "Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "Event Tables" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "16" ,
pages    =    "311--318" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inbook        ( SNODGRASS95V9,
key    =    "Snodgrass et al." ,
author    =    "R. ~T. Snodgrass and I.~Ahn and G.~Ariav and
D.~S.~Batory and J.~Clifford and C.~E.~Dyreson and R.~Elmasri and
F.~Grandi and C.~S.~Jensen and W.~Kafer and N.~Kline and K.~Kulkarni
and T.~Y.~C.~Leung and N.~Lorentzos and J.~F.~Roddick and A.~Segev and
M.~D.~Soo and and S .~M.~Sripada" ,
title    =    "{Language Syntax}" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
chapter    =    "28--38" ,
note    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
pages    =    "549--631" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( SNODGRASS95VV,
author    =    (R.~T.~Snodgrass and M.~B{\"o}hlen and C.~S.~Jensen
and A.~Steiner) ,
title    =    "Change Proposal to SQL/Temporal: Adding Valid Time
--- Part A" ,
journal    =    "International Organization for Standardization" ,
pages    =    "40" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    "1995" ,
note    =    "ANSI Expert's Contribution" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( SNOW91,
key    =    "Snow" ,
author    =    "Snow, C. R." ,
title    =    "A Multi-protocol Campus Time Server" ,
journal    =    "spe" ,
publisher=    "John Wiley & Sons, Ltd" ,
volume    =    "21" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "907--922" ,
keywords=    "Time service; Network protocols; Distributed
systems; Clock synchronization" ,
abstract=    "A time server system has been constructed at the
University of Newcastle upon Tyne which may be accessed by users of
the campus Ethernet. It uses a commercially availiable radio clock to
receive an accurate time signal from the MSF transmitter at Rugby, and
can respond to requests from users of the network using a number of
different protocols. This paper describes the server system, both
hardware and software, and discusses some network management issues
raised as a result of the associated experimentation and testing of
the system." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  1 00:02:27 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@techreport    ( SO93,
key    =    "So" ,
author    =    "So, L." ,
title    =    "The Academic Calendar Specification" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "49" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 27 01:58:07 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SOL94,
key    =    "Shen, Ooi \& Lu" ,
author    =    "H. Shen and B. C. Ooi and H. Lu" ,
title    =    "The TP-Index: A Dynamic and Efficient Indexing
Mechanism for Temporal Databases " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "274-281" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SONG92,
key    =    "Song \& Liu" ,
author    =    "Song, X. and Liu, J. W. S." ,
title    =    "How Well Can Data Temporal Consistency be
Maintained" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on
Computer-Aided Control Systems Design" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 15:39:27 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SONG94,
key    =    "Fei Song" ,
author    =    "Fei Song" ,
title    =    "Extending Temporal Reasoning with Hierarchical
Constraint" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( SONG95,
key    =    "Song \& Liu" ,
author    =    "Song, X. and Liu, J. W. S." ,
title    =    "Maintaining Temporal Consistency: Pessimistic vs.
Optimistic Concurrency Control" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "5" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "786--796" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 22 13:39:37 1995" ,
abstract=    "We study the performance of concurrency control
algorithms in maintaining temporal consistency of shared data in hard
real-time systems. In our model, a hard real-time system consists of
periodic tasks which are either write-only, read-only or update
transactions. Transactions may share data. Data objects are temporally
inconsistent when their ages and dispersions are greater than the
absolute and relative thresholds allowed by the application. Real-time
transactions must read temporally consistent data in order to deliver
correct results. Based on this model, we have evaluated the
performance of two well-known classes of concurrency control
algorithms that handle multiversion data: the two-phase locking and
the optimistic algorithms, as well as the rate-monotonic and
earliest-deadline-first scheduling algorithms. The effects of using
the priority inheritance and stack-based protocols with lock-based
concurrency control are also studied." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( SOO91,
key    =    "Soo" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "Bibliography on Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "Mar" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "14--23" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar 20 00:34:58 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO91A,
key    =    "Soo \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Mixed Calendar Query Language Support for Temporal
Constants" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "29" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona 85721" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "October 30, 1991" ,
pages    =    "55" ,
abstract=    "This proposal represents the first phase of an
on-going project to add temporal support to a conventional relational
query language. We augment the Structured Query Language (SQL) with
time values, i.e., temporal constants. The version of SQL we consider
is the next standardization of the language, SQL2, currently under
development. Our approach is distinct in that we allow many different
calendars to be used in the database management system, and we
incorporate only calendar-independent constructs into the language.
The proposal motivates and defines three new temporal data types. New
language features are defined for temporal built-in functions, special
time values, arithmetic expressions involving time, temporal
predicates, and aggregate functions over time. Semantics and
Backus-Naur-Form syntax are provided for all defined constructs. To
illustrate the material, we present a comprehensive example of how the
particular SQL2 calendar can be implemented within our proposal." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov  4 16:55:15 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( SOO91B,
key    =    "Soo" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "Bibliography on Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
publisher=    "Acm Press" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
number    =    "1" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "14--23" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Apr 22 11:59:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO92,
key    =    "Soo \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Multiple Calendar Support for Conventional
Database Management Systems" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "92-7" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
pages    =    "17" ,
abstract=    "We propose a solution to the problem of supporting
a time-stamp attribute domain in conventional relational database
management systems. In contrast to existing proposals, which assume
that a single interpretation of time is sufficient for all users and
applications, we develop a general solution that supports multiple
interpretations of time. The main concept underlying this proposal is
that the universal aspects of time are separated from the user
dependent aspects, at both the query language and the architectural
levels. The user dependent aspects are encapsulated in calendars and
calendric systems, each of which are extendible by local site
personnel. In this way, the available time support can be customized
to local requirements. We briefly describe modifications to SQL2 that
support multiple calendars and calendric systems. These modifications
reduce the complexity of the language while simultaneously increasing
its expressive power. Finally, we describe a set of tools that aid in
the generation of calendars and calendric systems. This work can be
viewed as a limited but practical application of research into
extensible database management systems." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 31 19:50:20 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO92A,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R. and Dyreson, C. and
Jensen, C.~S. and Kline, N." ,
title    =    "Architectural Extensions to Support Multiple
Calendars" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "32" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "30" ,
month    =    "Revised May " ,
abstract=    "We describe in detail a system architecture for
supporting a time-stamp attribute domain in conventional relational
database management systems. This architecture underlies previously
proposed temporal modifications to SQL. We describe the major
components of the system and how they interact. For each component of
the system, we provide specifications for the routines exported by
that component. Finally, we describe a preliminary design for a
toolkit that aids in the generation of the components of the database
management system that support time." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 31 19:43:58 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO92C,
key    =    "Soo \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Mixed Calendar Query Language Support for Temporal
Constants" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "29" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, Arizona 85721" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "Revised May" ,
pages    =    "59" ,
abstract=    "This proposal represents the first phase of an
on-going project to add temporal support to a conventional relational
query language. We augment the Structured Query Language (SQL) with
time values, i.e., temporal constants. The version of SQL we consider
is the next standardization of the language, SQL2, currently under
development. Our approach is distinct in that we allow many different
calendars to be used in the database management system, and we
incorporate only calendar-independent constructs into the language.
The proposal motivates and defines three new temporal data types. New
language features are defined for temporal built-in functions, special
time values, arithmetic expressions involving time, temporal
predicates, and aggregate functions over time. Semantics and
Backus-Naur-Form syntax are provided for all defined constructs. To
illustrate the material, we present a comprehensive example of how the
particular SQL2 calendar can be implemented within our proposal." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu May 21 11:19:12 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO93,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Jensen, C.~S." ,
title    =    "Efficient Evaluation of the Valid-Time Natural
Join" ,
type    =    "TR" ,
number    =    "93-17" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "June" ,
pages    =    "26" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jun 15 14:31:11 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SOO93A,
key    =    "Soo" ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D." ,
title    =    "Multiple Calendar Support for Conventional
Database Management Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on an Infrastructure
for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "FF1--FF17" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 15 14:11:47 1993" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SOO94,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Snodgrass, R.~T. and Jensen, C.~S." ,
title    =    "Efficient Evaluation of the Valid-Time Natural
Join" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
pages    =    "282--292" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
abstract=    "Joins are arguably the most important relational
operators. Poor implementations are tantamount to computing the
Cartesian product of the input relations. In a temporal database, the
problem is more acute for two reasons. First, conventional techniques
are designed for the optimization of joins with equality predicates,
rather than the inequality predicates prevalent in valid-time queries.
Second, the presence of temporally-varying data dramatically increases
the size of the database. These factors require new techniques to
efficiently evaluate valid-time joins. We address this need for
efficient join evaluation in databases supporting valid-time. A new
temporal-join algorithm based on tuple partitioning is introduced.
This algorithm avoids the quadratic cost of nested-loop evaluation
methods; it also avoids sorting. Performance comparisons between the
partition-based algorithm and other evaluation methods are provided.
While we focus on the important valid-time natural join, the
techniques presented are also applicable to other valid-time joins." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 15 13:53:34 1993" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO94A,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "An Algebra for TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committe" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "30" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Aug  9 21:55:02 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO94B,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "User-defined Time in TSQL2" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:48:27 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( SOO94C,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Kline, N. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "SQL2 Compatibility Issues" ,
type    =    "Commentary" ,
institution=    "TSQL2 Design Committee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 24 15:56:52 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inbook        ( SOO95A,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Jensen, C.~S. and Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
title    =    "An Algebra for TSQL2" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Press" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
chapter    =    "27" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
pages    =    "505--546" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( SOO95B,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "Soo, M.~D. and Dyreson, C.~E. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Data Types" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Press" ,
chapter    =    "8" ,
pages    =    "123--152" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@incollection    ( SOO95V1,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "M.~D. Soo and C.~S. Jensen and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "An Architectural Framework" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "24" ,
pages    =    "465--473" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@incollection    ( SOO95V2,
key    =    "Soo et al." ,
author    =    "M.~D. Soo and N. Kline and R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
title    =    "SQL-92 Compatibility Issues" ,
booktitle=    "The TSQL2 Temporal Query Language" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
chapter    =    "26" ,
pages    =    "501--504" ,
editor    =    "R.~T. Snodgrass" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( SOPARKAR95,
key    =    "Soparkar et al" ,
author    =    "Soparkar, N. and Korth, H. F. and Silbershatz, A." ,
title    =    "Databases with Deadline and Contingency
Constraints" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "552--565" ,
abstract=    "Real-time database systems associate the concept
of deadlines with transaction executions. Previous approaches use
'best effort' techniques to schedule a given set of transactions to
Real-time database systems associate the concept of deadlines with
transaction executions. Previous approaches use 'best effort'
techniques to schedule a given set of transactions to meet the
deadlines as well as to ensure the consistency of the database.
However, such approaches are inadequate for target applications which
have 'hard' real-time deadlines that need to be met in the event of
crisis situations. In such cases, it is important to obtain
contingency plans that may be invoked with guaranteed execution time
characteristics. This paper presents an alternative model for
real-time database systems in which deadlines are associated with
'contingency' constraints rather than directly with transactions. Our
approach leads to a predicate-based model that intrinsically
incorporates both triggering and relative timing constraints regarding
the transaction executions. We exhibit that selecting contingency
plans with respect to various optimally criteria has inherent
computational inefficiencies. We study the issues in scheduling of the
selected plans with the focus on the contention among the transactions
for data resources. Our results exhibit that the data contention, by
itself, has a severe adverse impact on the schedulability of the
deadline-constrained transactions. We discuss some of the practical
implications of our results, and we suggest some counter-measures to
handle the computational complexities. Index Terms: Databases,
real-time systems, scheduling, concurrency control, transaction
management." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 16:55:58 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SRIPADA88,
key    =    "Sripada" ,
author    =    "Sripada, S." ,
title    =    "A Logical Framework for Temporal Deductive
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "171--182" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 10:50:12 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( SRIPADA91,
key    =    "Sripada" ,
author    =    "Sripada, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Reasoning in Deductive Databases" ,
school    =    "Department of Computing, Imperial College of
Science and Technology" ,
address    =    "London, UK" ,
month    =    "January" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 15:16:46 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SRIPADA93,
key    =    "Sripada" ,
author    =    "Sripada, S. M." ,
title    =    "Design of the ChronoBase Temporal Deductive
Database System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:03:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SRIPADA93V,
author    =    "Sripada, S. M." ,
title    =    "{A Temporal Approach to Belief Revision in
Knowledge Bases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Artificial
Intelligence for Applications (CAIA)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "56--62" ,
address    =    "Orlando, FL" ,
month    =    mar ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SRIPADA94A,
key    =    "Sripada et al." ,
author    =    "Sripada, S. M. " ,
title    =    "Temporal Database Technology for Air Traffic Flow
Management" ,
booktitle=    "1st International Conference on Applications of
Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Vadstena, Sweden" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 15 15:11:24 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SRIPADA94V,
author    =    "S. M. Sripada and B. L. Rosser and J. M. Bedford
and Robert A. Kowalski" ,
title    =    "{Temporal Database Technology for Air Traffic Flow
Management}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Applications of Databases (ADB)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "W. Litwin and T. Risch" ,
pages    =    "28--41" ,
address    =    "Vadstena, Sweden" ,
month    =    jun ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 819" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( SRIPADA95,
key    =    "Sripada \& Moeller" ,
author    =    "Sripada, S. M. and Moeller, P." ,
title    =    "The Generalized ChronoBase Temporal Data Model" ,
journal    =    "Meta-logics and Logic Programming" ,
publisher=    "MIT Press" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 15 15:13:56 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SS94,
key    =    "Scarlet Schwiderski, Gunter Saake" ,
author    =    "Scarlet Schwiderski and Gunter Saake" ,
title    =    "Expressing Temporal Behaviour with Extended ECA
Rules" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th British National
Conference on Databases (BNCOD)" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 826" ,
pages    =    "23-37" ,
address    =    "Guildford, U.K." ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SSJ94,
key    =    "Soo, Snodgrass \& Jensen" ,
author    =    "Michael D. Soo and Richard T. Snodgrass and
Christian S. Jensen" ,
title    =    "Efficient Evaluation of the Valid-Time Natural
Join" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Conference
on Data Engineering (ICDE)" ,
pages    =    "282-292" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
abstract=    "Joins are arguably the most important relational
operators. Poor implementations are tantamount to computing the
Cartesian product of the input relations. In a temporal database, the
problem is more acute for two reasons. First, conventional techniques
are designed for the optimization of joins with equality predicates,
rather than the inequality predicates prevalent in valid-time queries.
Second, the presence of temporally-varying data dramatically increases
the size of the database. These factors require new techniques to
efficiently evaluate valid-time joins. We address this need for
efficient join evaluation in databases supporting valid-time. A new
temporal-join algorithm based on tuple partitioning is introduced.
This algorithm avoids the quadratic cost of nested-loop evaluation
methods; it also avoids sorting. Performance comparisons between the
partition-based algorithm and other evaluation methods are provided.
While we focus on the important valid-time natural join, the
techniques presented are also applicable to other valid-time joins." ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ST95,
key    =    "Saraee \& Theodoulidis" ,
author    =    "Mohamed H. Saraee and Babis Theodoulidis" ,
title    =    "Knowledge Discovery in Temporal Databases: The
Initial Step" ,
booktitle=    "Knowledge Discovery Workshop of the International
Conference on Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( STAM88,
key    =    "Stam \& Snodgrass" ,
author    =    "Stam, R. and Snodgrass, R." ,
title    =    "A Bibliography on Temporal Databases" ,
journal    =    "Database Engineering" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "231--239" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep 23 13:55:22 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@article    ( STAMPER77,
key    =    "Stamper" ,
author    =    "Stamper, R." ,
title    =    "The LEGOL 1 Prototype System and Language" ,
journal    =    "The Computer Journal" ,
volume    =    "20" ,
number    =    "2" ,
pages    =    "102--108" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1977" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:20:44 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( STAMPER79A,
key    =    "Stamper" ,
author    =    "Stamper, R." ,
title    =    "The LEGOL Project: A Survey" ,
institution=    "IBM United Kingdom Scientific Center" ,
number    =    "0081" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1976" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 26 08:46:46 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( STANSIFER92,
key    =    "Stansifer" ,
author    =    "Stansifer, Ryan" ,
title    =    "The Calculation of Easter" ,
journal    =    "SIGPLAN Notices" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "27" ,
number    =    "12" ,
month    =    "December" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon May 31 06:31:52 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STIRLING87,
key    =    "Stirling" ,
author    =    "Stirling, C." ,
title    =    "Comparing Linear and Branching Time Temporal
Logics" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Logic in Specification" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Altrincham, UK" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "1--20" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 26 10:50:27 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STOLORZ95V,
author    =    "P. Stolorz" ,
title    =    "{Fast Spatio-Temporal Data Mining of Large
Geophysical Datasets}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Canada" ,
month    =    aug ,
publisher=    "AAAI Press" ,
editor    =    "U.M. Fayyad and R. Uthurusamy " ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STONEBRAKER82C,
key    =    "Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "Hypothetical Data Bases as Views" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
address    =    "Ann Arbor, Michigan" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:47:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( STONEBRAKER85A,
key    =    "Stonebraker \& Rowe" ,
author    =    "Stonebraker, M. and Rowe, L." ,
title    =    "The Design of POSTGRES" ,
institution=    "University of California" ,
number    =    "UCB/ERL 85/95" ,
address    =    "Berkeley, California" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 24 08:59:12 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STONEBRAKER86A,
key    =    "Stonebraker \& Rowe" ,
author    =    "Stonebraker, M. and Rowe, L. A." ,
title    =    "The Design of POSTGRES" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
editor    =    "Zaniolo, C." ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "340--355" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 21:34:22 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
abstract=    "This paper presents the preliminary design of a
new database management system, called POSTGRES, that is the successor
to the INGRES relational database system. The main design goals of the
new system are to: (1) provide better support for complex objects, (2)
provide user extendability for data types, operators and access
methods, (3) provide facilities for active databases (i.e., alerters
and triggers) and inferencing including forward- and
backward-chaining, (4) simplify the DBMS code for crash recovery, (5)
produce a design that can take advantage of optical disks,
workstations, composed of multiple tightly-coupled processors, and
custom designed VLSI chips, and (6) make as few changes as possible
(preferably none) to the relational model. The paper describes the
query language, programming language interface, system architecture,
query processing strategy, and storage system for the new system." ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STONEBRAKER90A,
key    =    "Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "The POSTGRES DBMS (video presentation abstract)" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
page    =    "394" ,
address    =    "Atlantic City, New Jersey" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 23 10:10:51 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( STRASSER90,
key    =    "Strasser" ,
author    =    "Strasser, A." ,
title    =    "Consistency-Checking of Legal Contracts Using a
Temporal Model" ,
institution=    "Technische Universitat Munchen" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 27 08:53:05 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( STUDER84,
key    =    "Studer" ,
author    =    "Studer, R." ,
title    =    "Modeling Office Information Systems Using Timed
THM-Nets" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
number    =    "8/84" ,
institution=    "Institut fuer Informatik, University of Stuttgart" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 21:16:35 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STUDER85,
key    =    "Studer" ,
author    =    "Studer, R." ,
title    =    "Modeling Time Aspect of Office Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Stockholm, Sweden" ,
editor    =    "Pirotte, A. and Vassiliou, Y." ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 21:18:07 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STUDER86,
key    =    "Studer" ,
author    =    "Studer, R." ,
title    =    "Modeling Time Aspects of Information Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
volume    =    "IEEE Computer Society Order Number 655" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "364--373" ,
abstract=    "For capturing various time aspects of an
application within a conceptual model of information systems so-called
Timed THM-Nets are proposed. THM-Nets integrate modeling concepts from
semantic data models with modeling concepts from predicate/transition
nets and provide a uniform framework for specifying static and dynamic
aspects of an application. By introducing the notion of time into
THM-Nets, various time aspects are discussed and formally defined: the
occurrence time of events and the handling of historical information." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 16 15:35:13 1986" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inbook        ( STUDER86A,
key    =    "Studer \& Horndasch" ,
author    =    "Studer, R. and Horndasch, A." ,
title    =    "Modeling Static and Dynamic Aspects of Information
Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Data Semantics (DS-1)" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland Pub. Co." ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 20:54:03 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( STUDER86C,
key    =    "Studer" ,
author    =    "Studer, R." ,
title    =    "A Conceptual Model of Time" ,
type    =    "LILOG-Report" ,
institution=    "IBM Germany" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct  1 21:04:07 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( STUDER87A,
key    =    "Studer" ,
author    =    "Studer, R." ,
title    =    "A Conceptual Model for Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference
on Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
organization=    "The ER Institute" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 28 16:09:53 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SU91,
key    =    "Su \& Chen" ,
author    =    "Su, S. Y. W. and Chen, H. M." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Knowledge Representation Model OSAM*/T
and Its Query Language OQL/T" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 15 14:46:48 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( SU92,
key    =    "Su \& Chen" ,
author    =    "Su, S. and Chen, H." ,
title    =    "Temporal Rule Specification and Management in
Object-Oriented Knowledge Bases" ,
number    =    "TR-92-026" ,
institution=    "CIS Dept., University of Florida" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:32:04 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SU93,
key    =    "Su \& Chen" ,
author    =    "Su, S. Y. W. and Chen, H. H." ,
title    =    "Modeling and Management of Temporal Data in
Object-oriented Knowledge Bases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Workshop on an Infrastructure
for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:26:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SU93B,
key    =    "Su \& Chen" ,
author    =    "Su, S. Y. W. and Chen, H. H." ,
title    =    "Temporal Rule Specification and Managment in
Object-oriented Knowledge Bases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Workshop on
Rules in Database Systems" ,
address    =    "Edingburgh, Scotland" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:28:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SUBRAMANIAN95,
author    =    "S. Subramanian and S. Ramaswamy" ,
title    =    "{The P-range tree: A new data structure for range
searching in secondary memory}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th Annual ACM SIAM Symposium
on Discrete Algorithms" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "San Fransisco, CA" ,
month    =    jan ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( SUN91,
key    =    "Sun et al." ,
author    =    "Sun, Y and Stockman, T. and S. M. Deen" ,
title    =    "Processing Temporal Data In the Relational
Database" ,
institution=    "School of Computing, Staffordshire Polytechnic" ,
address    =    "England" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "Jun" ,
pages    =    "15" ,
abstract=    " The paper discusses the techniques of processing
temporal data by employing a Time-Sequence(TS) data model. This is
done by implementing the TS model on top of the relational data model,
which is used to classify different data frame of temporal data. The
goal of the design is to maximize the advantages of TS model that
supports the flexibility of operations over temporal data and an
economic storage structure. The varied processing schemes are used
according to each frame of temporal data. A method of handing the
simple user- defined functions and time-predicates by based on SQL
products is outlined that involves the use of macro processor for
temporal database. This is followed by a discussion the structure of
each scheme, the implementation strategy, and the examples of query. " ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  7 15:16:36 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SUN92,
author    =    "Y. Sun and A. G. Stockman and S. M. Deen" ,
title    =    "{Processing Temporal Data in the Relational
Database" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SUN94,
author    =    "Y. Sun" ,
title    =    "{Extending RDBMS to Support Temporal Data" ,
)

@article    ( SUN95,
author    =    "Y. Sun" ,
title    =    "{The Modelling of Temporal Data in the Relational
Database Environment" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SUZUKI94,
author    =    "Suzuki, T. and Kitagawa, H." ,
title    =    "{Design and Analysis of a File Manager with
Page-level History Management Function" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SUZUKI96,
author    =    "Suzuki, T. and Kitagawa, H." ,
title    =    "{Development and Performance Analysis of a
Temporal Persistent Object Store POST/C++" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SVOBODOVA81,
key    =    "Svobodova" ,
author    =    "Svobodova, L." ,
title    =    "A Reliable Object-oriented Data Repository for a
Distributed Computer System" ,
booktitle=    "sosp" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "47--58" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Feb 27 22:09:11 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SW94,
key    =    "Sripada \& Wuthrich " ,
author    =    "S. Sripada and Beat Wuthrich" ,
title    =    "Cumulative Updates" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 20th VLDB Conference" ,
month    =    sep ,
address    =    "Santiago de Chile, Chile" ,
pages    =    "534-545" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( SW95,
key    =    "Sistla \& Wolfson" ,
author    =    "A. Prasad Sistla and Ouri Wolfson" ,
title    =    "Temporal Conditions and Integrity Constraints in
Active Database Systems" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD" ,
pages    =    "269-280" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "San Jose, CA" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( TAGG79,
key    =    "Tagg" ,
author    =    "Tagg, C." ,
title    =    "The Impact on Data Modelling on LEGOL 2.0" ,
school    =    "Hatfield Polytechnic" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1979" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 26 08:53:08 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@proceedings    ( TAIS87,
key    =    "TAIS" ,
title    =    "Proceedings of the Conference on Temporal Aspects
in Information Systems" ,
organization=    "AFCET" ,
publisher=    "AFCET" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "may" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Aug 16 12:56:33 1987" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TAN89,
key    =    "Tan \& Katayama" ,
author    =    "Tan, L. and Katayama, T." ,
title    =    "Meta Operations for Type Management in
Object-Oriented Databases - A Lazy Mechanism for Schema Evolution" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the First International Conference
on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases" ,
address    =    "Kyoto, Japan" ,
editor    =    "W. Kim and J.M. Nicolas and S. Nishio" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "241--258" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Mar 30 14:42:12 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( TANABE87,
key    =    "Tanabe \& Suzuki" ,
author    =    "Tanabe, K. and Suzuki, A." ,
title    =    "The Application of Tense Logic to Database
Behavioral Description" ,
journal    =    "Systems and Computers in Japan" ,
volume    =    "18" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "33--41" ,
abstract=    "This paper defines a presupposition-free
many-sorted tense theory MQRT*=. This theory is applied to behavior
description of historical database. Using this theory makes it
possible to express clearly not only the usual schema information but
also such behavioral aspects of schema as event, dynamic integrity
constraint, etc. This is the first time behavior description has been
provided by a complete theory. This theory is also applied to schema
description of historical database. Providing both schema description
and behavior description amounts to total, full description of
historical database." ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Sep 11 19:47:35 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANAKA83A,
key    =    "Tanaka" ,
author    =    "Tanaka, K." ,
title    =    "On Database Research at UCLA and a Model of
Historical Database" ,
institution=    "Information Processing Society of Japan" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 23 10:05:57 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL85A,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Adding Time Dimension to Relational Model and
Extending Relational Algebra" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
keywords=    "temporal dimension, relational algebra, historical
algebra" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:06:21 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL85B,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Handling Time in Relational Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of 4th Hungarian Computer Sciences
Conference" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
address    =    "Gyor, Hungary" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:07:59 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL85C,
key    =    "Tansel et al." ,
author    =    (Tansel, A.U. and Arkun, M.E. and
\"{O}zsoyo\v{g}lu, G.) ,
title    =    "Time-By-Example Query Language for Historical
Databases" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "19" ,
abstract=    "Time-By-Example (TBE) is a user-friendly query
language designed specifically for historical relational databases. It
follows the graphical structure and the example query concept of QBE,
and employs the hierarchical arrangement of subqueries of Abe and
STBE. Similar to STBE, TBE handles set- and simple-valued attributes.
In addition, to handle time, TBE is capable of manipulating triplet-
and set-triplet-value attributes. The underlying data model used in
TBE is an extended relational data model in which non-first normal
form relations and atribute time-stamping (in contrast to tuple
time-stamping) are used. A triplet is a 3-tuple whose components are
the lower and upper bounds of a time interval and a value valid over
the interval. A triplet is used as a time-stamped value of a time
dependent attribute. Set-valued time-dependent attributes are modelled
by sets of triplets. To process TBE queries and to define a historical
relational algebra (HRA), standard operators of the relational algebra
and the pack/unpack operators of [OzsO 83] are augmented by
triplet-decomposition, triplet-formation, slice and drop-time
operators. Methodologies for translating TBE queries into HRA
expressions and for constructing their parse trees are presented.
Algebraic rules are given for the new HRA operations to facilitate the
selection of the HRA expression least costly to process." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Apr  1 11:21:34 1986" ,
owner    =    "boggs" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL85D,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "A Statistical Interface for Historical Relational
Databases" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
pages    =    "29" ,
abstract=    "A historical database is a vast source of data for
statisical analysis. The paper presents a statistical interface for
historical relational databases with an underlying data model which
uses attribute time-stamping and maintains the three dimensional view
of time varying data (i.e., the time cube which is a non-first normal
form relation). Such a statistical interface serves as an integral
part of any information system designed to support managerial decision
making. Thge statistical interface we propose includes aggregate
functions and transformations of data into tabular forms suitable for
advanced statistical analysis and is capable of dealing with the
subtle semantics of time and various issues associated with it. A new
operation, called enumeration operation derives a table of uniform
data, for a set of specified time points/intervals, from a three
dimensional historical relation. Such a table can later be used as
input to aggregate functions or advanced statistical analysis
procedures. We also give a method for normalizing historical relations
and aligning the time of their attributes." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Apr  1 11:07:53 1986" ,
owner    =    "boggs" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL85E,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "Equivalence of Historical Relational Calculus and
Historical Relational Algebra" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:09:42 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL85F,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "Historical Query Languages" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:10:19 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL86A,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "HQUEL, A Query Language for Historical Relational
Databases" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
pages    =    "21 " ,
abstract=    "Relational data model is extended to support the
time dimension at the attribute level. Each attribute value is stored
along with the time interval over which the value is valid as a
triplet. A historical language, HQUEL, is designed as a minimal
extension to QUEL which is the query language of the database
management system INGRES. HQUEL includes new range declarations, set
theoretic expressions and conditions. Aggregate functions of QUEL are
also extended for historical data. A new clause, `when' is added to
aggregate function definition to make aggregation functions allow
calculation of simple statistics like min, max, avg, etc. as well as
preparation of data for advanced statistical analysis like regression,
correlation analysis, etc. Semantics of time is embedded within the
QUEL semantics without any major modifications. HQUEL also manipulates
set-valued attributes in N1NF relations." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Apr  1 11:01:31 1986" ,
owner    =    "boggs" ,
)

@article    ( TANSEL86B,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Adding Time Dimension to Relational Model and
Extending Relational Algebra" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "11" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "343--355" ,
keywords=    "historical databases, non-first normal form
relations, relational algebra, relational model, time" ,
abstract=    "A methodology for adding the time dimension to the
relational model is proposed and relational algebra is extended for
this purpose. We propose time-stamping attributes instead of adding
time to tuples. Each attribute value is stored along with a time
interval over which it is valid. Non-first normal form relations are
used. A relation can have atomic, set-valued, triplet-valued, or set
triplet-valued attributes. The last two types of attributes preserve
the time (history). Furthermore, new algebraic operations are defined
to extract information from historical relations. These operations
convert one attribute type to another and do selection over the time
dimension. Algebraic rules and identities for the new operations are
also included." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 11:10:23 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL86C,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "HQUEL, A Query Language for Historical Relational
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on
Statistical and Scientific Databases" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 11:14:29 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL86D,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "Aggregation Operations in Historical Relational
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on
Statistical and Scientific Databases" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 11:15:39 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL86E,
key    =    "Tansel \& Arkun" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U. and Arkun, M. E." ,
title    =    "HQuel, A Query Language for Historical Relational
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on
Statistical and Scientific Databases" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
abstract=    "Relational data model is extended to support the
time dimension at the attribute level. Each attribute value is stored
along with the time interval over which the value is valid as a
triplet. A historical language, HQUEL, is designed as a minimal
extension to QUEL which is the query language of the database
management system INGRES. HQUEL includes new range declarations, set
theoretic expressions and conditions. Aggregate functions of QUEL are
also extended for historical data. A new clause, `when' is added to
aggregate function definition to make aggregation functions allow
calculation of simple statistics like min, max, avg, etc. as well as
preparation of data for advanced statistical analysis like regression,
correlation analysis, etc. Semantics of time is embedded within the
QUEL semantics without any major modifications. HQUEL also manipulates
set-valued attributes in N1NF relations." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct  1 13:52:11 1987" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL87A,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "A Statistical Interface for Historical Relational
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "538--546" ,
abstract=    "A historical database is a vast source of data for
statistical analysis. The paper presents a statistical interface for
historical relational databases with an underlying data model which
uses attribute time-stamping. The statistical interface we propose
includes aggregate functions and transformations of data into tabular
forms suitable for advanced statistical analysis and is capable of
dealing with the subtle semantics of time and various issues
associated with it. A novel operation, called enumeration, is
introduced into historical relational algebra. The enumeration
operation devices a table of uniform data, for a set of specificied
time points or intervals, from a three-dimensional historical
relation. We also give a method for normalizing historical relations
and aligning the time of their attributes." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 11:19:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL87B,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "A Historical Query Language" ,
institution=    "Bernard M. Baruch College, CUNY" ,
address    =    "New York" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
note    =    "Revised version of TANSEL86A: HQUEL, A Query
Language for Historical Relational Databases" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 12:12:50 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@article    ( TANSEL89,
key    =    "Tansel et al." ,
author    =    "Tansel, A.U. and Arkun, M.E. and Ozsoyovglu, G." ,
title    =    "Time-By-Example Query Language for Historical
Databases" ,
journal    =    "tse" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
volume    =    "15" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "464--478" ,
keywords=    "databases; historical dtabases; query languages;
query processing" ,
abstract=    "Time-By-Example, or TBE, is a user-friendly query
language designed specifically for historical relational databases. It
follows a graphical structure and the example query concept of QBE,
and employs the hierarchical arrangement of subqueries of Abe and
STBE. Similar to STBE, TBE handles set- and simple-valued attributes.
In addition, to handle time, TBE is capable of manipulating triplet-
and set-triplet-valued attributes. The underlying data model used in
TBE is an extended relational data model in which nonfirst normal form
relations and attribute time stamping-in contrast to tuple time
stamping-are used. A triplet is a 3-tuple whose components are the
lower and upper bounds of a time interval and a value valid over the
interval. A triplet is used as a time-stamped value of a
time-dependent attribute. Set-valued time-dependent attributes are
modeled by sets of triplets. To process TBE queries and to define a
historical relational algebra HRA, standard operators of the
relational algebra and the pack/unpack operators of [21] are augmented
by triplet-decomposition, triplet-formation, slice and drop-time
operators. Methodologies for translating TBE queries into HRA
expressions and for constructing their parse trees are presented." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Apr 11 10:47:27 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL89A,
key    =    "Tansel \& Garnett" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. and Garnett, L." ,
title    =    "Nested Historical Relations" ,
booktitle=    "sigmod" ,
pages    =    "284--293" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 24 09:11:00 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( TANSEL90,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Modelling temporal data" ,
journal    =    "Information and Software Technology" ,
volume    =    "32" ,
number    =    "8" ,
month    =    "Oct" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "514--520" ,
keywords=    "databases, temporal data, modelling, relational
data model" ,
abstract=    "The paper discusses modelling temporal veriation
of data in the contex of the relational data model. This is done by
employing time-stamps, which leads to two possible apporaches: adding
time-stamps to tuples and using first normal-form(1NF) relations, and
adding time-stamps to attributes and using non-first normal form
(N1NF) relations. Modeling temporal data according to each approach
with their respective data-manipulation operations are convred. This
is followed by a discussion that includes the advantages and
expressive power of each aapproach, the classification of temporal
databases, and the handling of retroactive and postactive changes." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  7 15:11:39 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@article    ( TANSEL91,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A." ,
title    =    "A Historical Query Language" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
number    =    "53" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "101--133" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 20 16:29:35 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL91B,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Temporal Relational Data Model" ,
type    =    "Technical Report" ,
institution=    "Baruch College, CUNY" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 19 10:56:13 1993" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@techreport    ( TANSEL92,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. U." ,
title    =    "Temporal Relational Data Model" ,
institution=    "Department of Computer Engineering" ,
address    =    "Bilknet University Ankara, Turkey" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "54" ,
keywords=    "Collapsed set operations; Equivalence of
relational algebra and calculus; Relational algebra; Relational
calculus; Relational model; Temporal database" ,
abstract=    "The paper adds a temporal dimension to the nested
relations. Hence, it combines research in temporal databases and
nested relations for the temporal variation of objects in
non-traditional database applications. a temporal data value is
represented as a temporal atoms which consists of two parts: a
temporal set and a value. The temporal atom asserts the value is valid
over the time duration represented by temporal set. Temporal
relational algebra and relational calculus languages are formulated
and their equivalence is proved. collapsed versions of the set
theoretic operations are defined. Procedures to express them by the
regular operations of temporal relational algebra are also included." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 22 14:26:31 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@book        ( TANSEL93,
key    =    "Tansel et al." ,
author    =    "Tansel, A. and Clifford, J. and Gadia, S. and
Jajodia, S. and Segev, A. and Snodgrass (eds.), R." ,
title    =    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
address    =    "Redwood City, CA" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
series    =    "Database Systems and Applications Series" ,
)

@inbook        ( TANSEL93B,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A." ,
title    =    "A Generalized Relational Framework for Modeling
Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "7" ,
pages    =    "183--201" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:07:25 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TANSEL93C,
key    =    "Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tansel, A." ,
title    =    "SQL-T: A Temporal Extension to SQL" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:04:47 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( TANSEL95,
title    =    "{Temporal Relational Data Model" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TASKER87A,
key    =    "Tasker" ,
author    =    "Tasker, D." ,
title    =    "An Entity-Relationship View of Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference
on Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
organization=    "The ER Institute" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 28 16:11:21 1987" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TAUZOVICH91,
key    =    "Tauzovich" ,
author    =    "Tauzovich, B." ,
title    =    "Toward Temporal Extensions to the
Entity-Relationship Model" ,
booktitle=    "The 10th International Conference on the Entity
Relationship Approach" ,
publisher=    "E/R Institute" ,
address    =    "San Mateo, California" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "163--179" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 26 10:52:47 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@book        ( TAYLOR66,
key    =    "Taylor \& Wheeler" ,
author    =    "Taylor, E. F. and Wheeler, J. A." ,
title    =    "Space-Time Physics" ,
publisher=    "W. H. Freeman" ,
address    =    "San Francisco" ,
year    =    "1966" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  7 23:02:19 1983" ,
)

@article    ( TAYLOR91,
key    =    "Taylor" ,
author    =    "Taylor, J. H., Jr." ,
title    =    "Millisecond Pulsars: Nature's Most Stable Clocks" ,
journal    =    "Proceedings of the IEEE" ,
volume    =    "79" ,
number    =    "9" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "1054--1063" ,
abstract=    "Millisecond pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron
stars: spherical flywheels some 20 km in diameter, 1.4 times as
massive as the Sun, and spinning as fast as several thousand radians
per second. TO ADD" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TBACKS94,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al" ,
author    =    "Babis Theodoulidis and Aziz Ait-Braham and George
Andrianopoulos and Jayant Chaudhary and George Karvelis and Simon Sou" ,
title    =    "The ORES Temporal Database Management System" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of ACM SIGMOD" ,
pages    =    "511" ,
address    =    "Minneapolis, MN" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Dec 27 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TBK94,
key    =    "Babis Theodoulidis, Aziz Ait-Braham, George
Karvelis" ,
author    =    "Babis Theodoulidis and Aziz Ait-Braham and George
Karvelis" ,
title    =    "The ORES Temporal DBMS and the ERT-SQL Query
Language" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, No. 856" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
pages    =    "270-279" ,
address    =    "Athens, Greece" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "D. Karagiannis" ,
month    =    sep ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TC94,
key    =    "Toman \& Chomicki" ,
author    =    "David Toman and Jan Chomicki " ,
title    =    "Implementing Temporal Integrity Constraints Using
an Active DBMS " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Fourth International Workshop on
Research Issues in Data Engineering (RIDE): Active Database Systems" ,
pages    =    "87-95" ,
editor    =    "J. Widom and S. Chakravarthy" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
month    =    feb ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( TC95,
author    =    "A. Tuzhilin and J. Clifford" ,
title    =    "{On Periodicity in Temporal Databases" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TEISSEIRA94,
key    =    "Teisseira et al." ,
author    =    "Teisseira, M. and Poncelet, P. and Ciechetti, R." ,
title    =    "Towards Event Modelling for Database Design" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
publisher=    "Morgan Kauffman" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep 21 13:05:05 1994" ,
owner    =    "kevin" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TERENZIANI94V,
author    =    "Terenziani, P." ,
title    =    "{Dealing with Qualitative and Quantitative
Temporal Information Concerning Periodic Events}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on
Methodologies for Intelligent Systems" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "275--284" ,
address    =    "Charlotte, NC" ,
editor    =    "Z. Ras and M. Zemankova" ,
month    =    oct ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol.869" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TERENZIANI95,
key    =    "Paolo Terenziani" ,
author    =    "Paolo Terenziani" ,
title    =    "Reasoning About Periodic Events" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( TGH95,
key    =    "Vassilis J. Tsotras, B. Gopinath, George W. Hart" ,
author    =    "V.J. Tsotras and B. Gopinath and G.W. Hart" ,
title    =    "Efficient Management of Time-Evolving Databases" ,
journal    =    "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data
Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    aug ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "591-608" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS90,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al." ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, B. and Wangler, B. and Loucopoulos,
P." ,
title    =    "Requirements Specification in TEMPORA" ,
booktitle=    "2nd Nordic Conference on Advanced Information
Systems Engineering" ,
organization=    "CAiSE90" ,
address    =    "Kaisa, Sweden" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 02:02:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( THEODOULIDIS91A,
key    =    "Theodoulidis \& Loucopoulos" ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C. I. and Loucopoulos, P." ,
title    =    "The Time Dimension in Conceptual Modelling" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "3" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "273--300" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@article    ( THEODOULIDIS91B,
key    =    "Theodoulidis \& Wangler" ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C. I. and Wangler, B." ,
title    =    "A Conceptual Modelling Formalism for Temporal
Database Applications" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "4" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "401--416" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr  1 15:20:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS91C,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al." ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C. and Loucopoulos, P. and Wangler,
B." ,
title    =    "The Entity Relationship Time Model and the
Conceptual Rule Language" ,
booktitle=    "The 10th International Conference on the Entity
Relationship Approach" ,
publisher=    "E/R Institute" ,
address    =    "San Mateo, California" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "181--204" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 26 10:55:02 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS91D,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al." ,
author    =    " Theodoulidis, B. and Loucopoulos, P. and Kopanas,
V." ,
title    =    "A Rule-oriented Formalism for Active Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Next Generation CASE Tools" ,
address    =    "Trondheim, Norway" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "144--166" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:14:48 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( THEODOULIDIS91V,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C. and Loucopoulos, P." ,
title    =    "{A Conceptual Modelling Formalism for Temporal
Database Applications}" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
number    =    "4" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inbook        ( THEODOULIDIS92,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al." ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, B. and Loucopoulos, P. and Wangler,
B." ,
title    =    "The Entity Relationship Time Model" ,
booktitle=    "Conceptual Modelling, Databases, and CASE: An
Integrated View of Information Systems Development" ,
publisher=    "John Wiley" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 10:58:38 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS92B,
key    =    "Theodoulidis et al." ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, B. and Alexakis, P. and Loucopoulos,
P." ,
title    =    "Verification and Validation of Temporal Business
Rules" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on
the Deductive Approach to Information Systems and Databases" ,
address    =    "Roses (Catalonia), Spain" ,
month    =    "September" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 11:01:51 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS93,
key    =    "Theodoulidis" ,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C." ,
title    =    "Towards the First Generation of Temporal
Information Servers" ,
booktitle=    " Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:35:53 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS93V,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C and Petrounias, I." ,
title    =    "{A Multiparadigm Environment for the Development
of Information Systems}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th Greek Informatics
Conference" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
address    =    "Patras, Greece" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS94V,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Information Bases for CASE}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on
the Next Generation of CASE Tools" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    "Utrecht, The Netherlands" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( THEODOULIDIS95V,
author    =    "Theodoulidis, C. and Lalioti, V." ,
title    =    "{Conceptual Visualisation Techniques and Tools,
Industrial and Poster Session}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 14th International Conference
on Object-Oriented and Entity-Relationship Modelling" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Queensland, Australia" ,
editor    =    "M.P. Papazoglou" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1021" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( THIRUMALAI88,
key    =    "Thirumalai \& Krishna" ,
author    =    "Thirumalai, S. and Krishna, S." ,
title    =    "Data Organization for Temporal Databases" ,
institution=    "Raman Research Institute, India" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "1--27" ,
abstract=    "Logical organization and query languages for
temporal databases have received substantial attention. However, data
organizations for temporal databases have not been investigated
adequately. We suggest a three level organization for a temporal
database and investigate the organization of the history store. The
problem of multiple versions of tuples which would occur in the
history store is sought to be handled, through a bit map structure for
which the natural grouping of time intervals provides a convenient
method of compression. The usefulness of the suggested organization is
studied through simulation. Whereas adequate storage efficiency and
ability to answer different types of temporal queries is present we
find access time performance non-uniform." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Feb 24 12:18:45 1988" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( THOMAS92,
key    =    "Thomas" ,
author    =    "Thomas, R." ,
title    =    "Training Your Clock the NIST Way" ,
journal    =    "UnixWorld" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "105--112" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 12 22:38:58 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( THOMPSON91A,
key    =    "Thompson" ,
author    =    "Thompson, P. M." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Data Model Based on Accounting
Principles" ,
school    =    "Department of Computer Science, University of
Calgary" ,
address    =    "Calgary, Alberta, Canada" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul  4 10:12:47 1991" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@book        ( THOMSON78,
key    =    "Thomson" ,
author    =    "Thomson, M." ,
title    =    "The Beginning of the Long Dash: a history of
timekeeping in Canada" ,
publisher=    "University of Toronto Press" ,
address    =    "Toronto, Canada" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 28 08:45:34 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@techreport    ( TIAN93,
key    =    "Tian" ,
author    =    "Tian, D." ,
title    =    "An Extension Of The Relational Data Model
Supporting Historical Data In Heterogeneous Formats" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Program, University of Texas at
Dallas" ,
address    =    "Richardson, TX" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "may" ,
pages    =    "27" ,
abstract=    "We consider an extension of the relational
database model that allows ``history expressions'', whose values are
histories such as a person's salary history or a store's monthly sales
figures, to appear as arguments in relations. This extension allows
the management of historical data organized in several heterogeneous
formats, and supports query languages which capture the semantics of
historical data directly. Our major concern is query languages which
support the encapsulated access to the values of history expressions
in such relations. We define an algebraic query language, namely the
$\rho$-algebra, by extending the standard relational algebra with
several historical operators to deal with the history expressions. The
$\rho$-algebra captures the semantics of historical data directly, and
supports queries on change patterns and exceptions occurring in
histories. We also introduce a calculus-like query language, called
$\rho$-calculus, and a subclass of $\rho$-calculus, namely the safe
$\rho$-calculus, similar to the safe queries in the domain relational
calculus. Finally, we show that safe $\rho$-calculus and
$\rho$-algebra have the same expressive power. These concepts and
results provide a formal foundation for extending a relational
database management system with diverse mechanisms for the definition,
storage, and query processingg of historical data." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jun 30 20:26:29 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@techreport    ( TIAN93A,
key    =    "Tian" ,
author    =    "Tian, D." ,
title    =    "An Extension of SQL for Accessing Historical Data
in Heterogeneous Formats" ,
institution=    "Computer Science Program, University of Texas at
Dallas" ,
address    =    "Richardson, TX" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "23" ,
abstract=    "We consider an extension of the relational
database model that allows ``history expressions'', whose values are
histories such as a person's salary history or a store's monthly sales
figures, to appear as arguments in relations. This extension allows
the management of historical data organized in several heterogeneous
formats, and supports query languages which capture the semantics of
historical data directly. Our major concern is query languages
supporting the encapsulated access to the values of history
expressions in such relations. We define an extension of the SQL
language, namely the $\rho$-SQL, by extending the standard SQL
language with several new language constructs to deal with the history
expressions. The $\rho$-SQL captures the semantics of historical data
directly, and supports updates to historical data at different levels.
This extension to the relational database model provides a foundation
for extending a relational DBMS with diverse mechanisms for the
definition, storage, and query processing of historical data." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Jul  1 00:27:31 1993" ,
owner    =    "daisyc" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TIAN95,
key    =    "Tian" ,
author    =    "Tian, D." ,
title    =    "An Extension of SQL for Relations of History
Expressions" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference
on DASFAA95" ,
publisher=    "World Scientific Publishing Co." ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
editor    =    "Ling, T. W. and Masunaga, Y." ,
month    =    "apr" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 14:02:37 1996" ,
abstract=    "We consider an extension of the relational
database model that allows 'history expressions', whose values are
historical data such as a person's salary history or a store's monthly
sales figures, to appear as arguments in relations. Our main concern
is to support the access of historical information m such relations
with simple query languages suitable for implementation. We define a
new query language, namely H-SQL, by extending SQL with several
language constructs to deal with history expressions. H-SQL supports
the access to historical data at multiple levels. It is also suitable
for implementation, and is different from existing temporal database
query languages, since many well understood query processing and
optimization techniques for non-temporal queries in SQL are also
applicable to queries in H-SQL." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TIN91,
key    =    "Tin \& Tansel" ,
author    =    "Tin, E. and Tansel, A." ,
title    =    "On the Expressive Power of Historical Query
Languages" ,
booktitle=    "Computer and Information Sciences VI - Proceedings
of the 1991 International Symposium" ,
address    =    "Side, Turkey" ,
month    =    "Oct.-Nov." ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "85--94" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 23:37:22 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( TK95,
title    =    " The Snapshot Index: An I/O-optimal access method
for timeslice queries " ,
author    =    " Vassilis J. Tsotras and Nickolas Kangelaris " ,
pages    =    "237--260" ,
journal    =    "Information Systems" ,
year    =    1995 ,
volume    =    20 ,
number    =    3 ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TN94,
key    =    "Ahmed Y. Tawfik and Eric Neufeld" ,
author    =    "Ahmed Y. Tawfik and Eric Neufeld" ,
title    =    "Temporal Bayesian Networks" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TN95,
key    =    "Ahmed Tawfik and Eric Neufeld" ,
author    =    "Ahmed Tawfik and Eric Neufeld" ,
title    =    "Lifetime Information for Model-Based Diagnosis" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Repre sentation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TN96,
key    =    "David Toman, Damian Niwinski" ,
author    =    "David Toman and Damian Niwinski" ,
title    =    "First-Order Queries over Temporal Databases
Inexpressible in Temporal Logic" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Extending Database Technology (EDBT)" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Avignon, France" ,
note    =    "To appear" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TOMAN96,
author    =    "D. Toman" ,
title    =    "{Point vs. Interval-based Query Languages for
Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD-SIGART PODS" ,
year    =    "1996" ,
address    =    "Montreal, Canada" ,
month    =    jun ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TOPALOGLOU92,
key    =    "Topaloglou et al." ,
author    =    "Topaloglou, T. and Illarramandi, A. and Sbattella,
L." ,
title    =    "Query Optimizations for KBMSs: Temporal Syntactic
and Semantic Transformations" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "310--319" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Oct 12 17:37:50 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TOPALOGLOU93,
author    =    "Thodoros Topaloglou" ,
title    =    "{Storage Management for Knowledge Bases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
year    =    1993 ,
month    =    nov ,
address    =    "Washington, DC" ,
)

@techreport    ( TORP94,
author    =    "K. Torp and L.~Mark and C.~S.~Jensen" ,
title    =    "Efficient Differential Timeslice Computation" ,
institution=    "Aalborg University, Department of Mathematics and
Computer Science" ,
address    =    "Aalborg, Denmark" ,
number    =    "R-94--2055" ,
month    =    dec ,
pages    =    "26" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TPP95,
key    =    "Theodoulidis, Papapanagiotou \& Pappas-Katsiafas" ,
author    =    "B. Theodoulidis and P. Papapanagiotou and V.
Pappas-Katsiafas" ,
title    =    "Interactive Querying and Visualisation in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Workshop of the International Conference on
Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TR94,
key    =    "Milind Tambe and Paul S. Rosenbloom" ,
author    =    "Milind Tambe and Paul S. Rosenbloom" ,
title    =    "Event Tracking for an Intelligent Automated Agent" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TRUDEL94,
key    =    "Andre Trudel" ,
author    =    "Andre Trudel" ,
title    =    "A Temporal Structure that Distinguishes between
the Past, Present, an d Future" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of First International Workshop on
Temporal Repres entation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Pensacola, Florida" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TSANG87,
key    =    "Tsang" ,
author    =    "Tsang, E. P. K." ,
title    =    "Time Structures for AI" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th IJCAI-87" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jun  9 15:39:37 1989" ,
owner    =    "payne" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TSOTRAS90,
key    =    "Tsotras \& Gopinath" ,
author    =    "Tsotras, V. J. and Gopinath, B." ,
title    =    "Efficient Algorithms Managing the History of
Evolving Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Database Theory" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Aug 29 15:37:46 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TSOTRAS92,
key    =    "Tsotras \& Gopinath" ,
author    =    "Tsotras, V. J. and Gopinath, B." ,
title    =    "Optimal Versioning of Object Classes" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Alamitos, CA" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
volume    =    "8" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "358--365" ,
abstract=    "One of the basic characteristics of
object-oriented environments is the persistence of objects and the
reuse of object class definitions through inheritance. Versioning is a
common technique for managing both instance evolution and schema
evolution. It provides for different ways of modelling complex
systems, while keeping track of various implementation of the same
class for different software environments. In this paper we show that
access to any past version is possible in almost constant time, while
the space used is only linear to the number of changes occurring in
the class evolution. As a result, versioning with fast reconstruction
can be supported in an object-oriented environment without using
excessive space requirements. We also prove that our solution is
optimal among all approaches that use same space limitations. A
crucial characteristic of our results is that they can be easily
implemented on storage facility that uses a magnetic disk and an
optical disk." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Aug 29 15:27:20 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@article    ( TSOTRAS93,
key    =    "Tsotras et al." ,
author    =    "Tsotras, J. and Gopinath, B. and Hart, G." ,
title    =    "Efficient Management of Time-Evolving Databases" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
volume    =    "(to appear)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:40:47 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( TSOTRAS95,
key    =    "Tsotras et al" ,
author    =    "Tsotras, V. J. and Gopinath, B. and Hart, G. W." ,
title    =    "Efficient Management of Time-Evolving Databases" ,
journal    =    "tkde" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
volume    =    "7" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "591--608" ,
abstract=    "Efficiently managing the history of a
time-evolving system is one of the central problems in many database
environments, like database systems that incorporate versioning, or
object-oriented databases that implicitly or explicitly maintain the
history of persistent objects. In this paper we propose algorithms
that reconstruct past states of an evolving system for two general
cases, i.e., when the system's state is represented by a set or by a
hierarchy (a forest of trees). Sets are widely used as a canonical
form of representing information in databases or program states. For
more complex applications, like schema evolution in object-oriented
databases, it becomes necessary to manage the history of data
structures that have the form of forests or even graphs. The proposed
algorithms use minimal space (proportional to the number of changes
occurring in the evolution) and have the advantage of being on-line
(in the amortized sense). Any past system state s(t) is reconstructed
in time O(ls(t)l + loglogT), where Is(t)l is the size of the answer
and T is the maximal evolution time. For all practical cases the
loglogT factor is a constant, therefore our algorithms provide almost
random access to any past system state. Moreover, we show that the
presented algorithms are optimal among all algorithms that use space
linear in the number of changes in the system's evolution. Index
Terms: Temporal databases, historical queries, access methods,
data-structures, versioning." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  8 13:46:49 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( TSOTRAS95A,
author    =    "V.J. Tsotras and V. Phalke and A. Kumar and B.
Gopinath" ,
title    =    "{Supporting Temporal Views in a Management
Information Base" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TSOTSOS81,
key    =    "Tsotsos" ,
author    =    "Tsotsos, J. K." ,
title    =    "Temporal Event Recognition: An Application to Left
Ventricular Performance" ,
booktitle=    "ijcai" ,
address    =    "Vancouver, BC Canada" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "900--907" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Mar 25 11:32:21 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TT94,
author    =    "E. Tin and A. U. Tansel" ,
title    =    "{Comparison of Historical Relational Query
Languages}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd Biennial European Joint
Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis" ,
address    =    "London, U.K." ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "275-282" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( TU89,
key    =    "Tu et al." ,
author    =    "Tu, S. W. and Kahn, M. G. and Musen, M. A. and
Ferguson, J. C. and Shortliffe, E. H. and Fagan, L. M." ,
title    =    "Episodic Skeletal-Plan Refinement Based on
Temporal Data" ,
journal    =    "cacm" ,
volume    =    "32" ,
number    =    "12" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "1439--1455" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 14:53:12 1989" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( TUMA92,
key    =    "Tuma" ,
author    =    "Tuma, P. A." ,
title    =    "Implementing Historical Aggregates in TempIS" ,
school    =    "Wayne State University" ,
address    =    "Detroit, Michigan" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "nov" ,
keywords=    "aggregates, TQuel, historical aggregtes" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jan 12 14:42:33 1993" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@techreport    ( TUZHILIN89,
key    =    "Tuzhilin \& Kedem" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, A. and Kedem, Z." ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Logic and Datalog to Query
Databases Evolving in Time" ,
number    =    "TR 484" ,
institution=    "New York University" ,
address    =    "New York, New York" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
keywords=    "In this paper, we study a query language about
databases evolving in (infinite) time. The syntax of the query
language is based on a predicate temporal logic. The semantics of the
language is defined with infinite sequences of database states, which
in this paper are determined either by pure Datalog programs or by
negated Datalog programs with inflationary semantics. In general,
other mechanisms for defining the semantics, such as production
systems, can be used. We analyze the relative expressive power of such
a query language and the standard Datalog queries for both pure and
negated Datalog programs. We show that our query language has more
expressive power than Datalog queries for both pure and negated
Datalog programs in general. However, we also prove a surprising
technical result that the existential fragment of temporal logic has
the same expressive power as Datalog queries for negated Datalog
programs with inflationary semantics. This result implies the collaspe
of the existential fragment of temporal logic for such programs: any
temporal logic formula from that fragment can be reduced to an
equivalent formula with a single possibility operator." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Oct 11 09:35:13 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@techreport    ( TUZHILIN89A,
key    =    "Tuzhilin \& Kedem" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, Alexander and Zvi M. Kedem" ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Logic and Datalog to Query
Databases Evolving in Time" ,
number    =    "484" ,
institution=    "Department of computer Science Courant Institute
of Mathematical sciences" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
month    =    "Dec" ,
pages    =    "25" ,
abstract=    "In this paper, we study a query language about
databases evolving in (infinite) time. The systax of the query
language is based on a predicate temporal logic. The semantics of the
language is defined with infinite sequences of database states, which
in this paper are determined either by pure Datalog programs or by
negated Datalog programs with inflationary semantics. In general,
other mechanisms for defining the semantics, such as production
systems, can be used. We analyze the relative expressive power of such
a query language and the standard Datalog queries for both pure and
negated Datalog programs. We show that our qurey language has more
expressive power than Datalog queries for both pure and negated
Datalog programs in general. However, we also prove a surprising
technical result that the existential fragment of temporal logic has
the same expressive power as Datalog queries for negated Datalog
programs withinflationary semantics. This result implies the collapse
of the existential fragment of temporal logic for such programs: and
temporal logic formula from that fragment can be reduced to an
equivalent formula with a single possibility operator." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Sep 21 17:32:44 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( TUZHILIN89B,
key    =    "Tuzhilin" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "Using Relational Discrete Event Systems and Models
for Predication of Future Behavior of Databases" ,
school    =    "New York University" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Oct 10 21:32:35 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( TUZHILIN90,
key    =    "Tuzhilin and Clifford" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, A. and Clifford, J." ,
title    =    "A Temporal Relational Algebra as a Basis for
Temporal Relational Completeness" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Brisbane, Australia" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Aug  1 13:52:06 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@proceedings    ( TUZHILIN91A,
key    =    "Tuzhilin" ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic as a Simulation Language" ,
publisher=    "Proceedings of the Simulation Multiconference on
Artificial Intelligence and Simulation" ,
address    =    "New Orleans, Louisiana" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, Alexander" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "Apr" ,
abstract=    "This paper advocates the use of temporal logic
instead of the first-order logic in rules of knowledge-based
simulation systems and describes the advantages of this approach. The
paper also shows how temporal logic is used in simulation by
considering language PTL based on temporal logic programmin." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Sep 21 17:20:52 1991" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@inbook        ( TUZHILIN93,
key    =    "Tuzhilin" ,
author    =    "Tuzhilin, A." ,
title    =    "Applications of Temporal Databases to
Knowledge-based Simulations" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "23" ,
pages    =    "581--593" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:34:43 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@article    ( TUZHILIN95,
key    =    "Alexander Tuzhilin" ,
author    =    "Alexander Tuzhilin" ,
title    =    "Templar: A Knowledge-Based Language for Software
Specifications Using Temporal Logic" ,
journal    =    "ACM Transactions on Information Systems" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "13" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    jul ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( TUZHILIN95B,
author    =    "A. Tuzhilin" ,
title    =    "{Extending Temporal Logic to Support High-Level
Simulations}" ,
journal    =    "ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer
Simulation" ,
publisher=    "ACM" ,
volume    =    "5" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    apr ,
pages    =    "129--155" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( URBAN86,
key    =    "Urban \& Delcambre" ,
author    =    "Urban, S. D. and Delcambre, L. M. L." ,
title    =    "An Analysis of the Structural, Dynamic, and
Temporal Aspects of Semantic Data Models" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
volume    =    "IEEE Computer Society Order Number 655" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "382--389" ,
abstract=    "Semantic data models have been influenced by
abstraction techniques used in knowledge representation. Early
semantic models concentrated on the structural aspects of an
application. More recently, researchers in semantic modeling have
realized the importance of capturing the dynamic and temporal aspects
of an application as well. This paper presents a detailed and uniform
analysis of the structural, dynamic, and temporal aspects of
object-oriented semantic models that support classification,
aggregation, generalization, and association abstractions." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 16 15:30:44 1986" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@techreport    ( USNO92,
key    =    "USNO" ,
author    =    "U.S. Naval Observatory" ,
title    =    "Time Service Announcement" ,
type    =    "Series" ,
number    =    "14" ,
institution=    "Washington, D.C." ,
year    =    "1992" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( VAISHNAV84,
key    =    "Vaishnav" ,
author    =    "Vaishnav, J. H." ,
title    =    "A Homogeneous Temporal Extension of QUEL" ,
school    =    "EE/CS Department, Texas Tech University" ,
address    =    "Lubbock, Texas" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jun 23 20:11:30 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VALET94,
author    =    "L. C. Valet and S. A. Roberts" ,
title    =    "{Identifying the Requirement for History of
Time-Varying Objects During an Object-Oriented Analysis}" ,
booktitle=    "International Conference on Object-Oriented
Information Systems (OOIS)" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
address    =    " London, U.K." ,
month    =    dec ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( VALIENTE87,
key    =    "Valiente" ,
author    =    "Valiente, J." ,
title    =    "Implementing TQuel Aggregates (in progress)" ,
school    =    "unccsd" ,
address    =    "Chapel Hill, NC" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan 16 18:30:44 1987" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@article    ( VANBEEK90,
key    =    "VanBeek \& Cohen" ,
author    =    "VanBeek, P. and Cohen, R." ,
title    =    "Exact and Approximate Reasoning about Temporal
Relations" ,
journal    =    "Computational Intelligence" ,
volume    =    "6" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
pages    =    "132--144" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 14:32:28 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VANBELLEGHEM94V,
author    =    "Van Belleghem, K. and Denecker, M. and De Schreye,
D." ,
title    =    "{The Abductive Event Calculus as a General
Framework for Temporal Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on
Temporal Logic" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
editor    =    "D. Gabbay and H. Ohlbach" ,
pages    =    "301--316" ,
address    =    "Bonn, Germany" ,
month    =    jul ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes on Computer Science, Vol.827" ,
publisher=    "Springer" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@book        ( VANBENTHEM82,
key    =    "Van Benthem" ,
author    =    "Van Benthem, J. F. K. A." ,
title    =    "The Logic of Time: A Model-Theoretic Investigation
into the Varieties of Temporal Ontology and Temporal Discourse " ,
publisher=    "Reidel" ,
address    =    "Hingham, MA" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:18:50 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@article    ( VANBENTHEM84,
key    =    "Van Benthem" ,
author    =    "Van Benthem, J. F. K. A." ,
title    =    "Tense Logic and Time" ,
journal    =    "Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic" ,
volume    =    "25" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1984" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 10:20:31 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@book        ( VANBETHEM91,
key    =    "Van Bethem" ,
author    =    "Van Bethem, J." ,
title    =    "The Logic of Time (2nd Edition)" ,
publisher=    "Kluwer Academic Publishers" ,
address    =    "Dordrecht" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Jan  9 15:39:01 1993" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VASSILAKIS95,
key    =    "Vassilakis et al." ,
author    =    "Vassilakis, C. and Lorentzos, N. and Georgiadis,
P." ,
title    =    "Transaction Support in Temporal DBMS" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "255--271" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 14:52:52 1995" ,
abstract=    "Transactions are a significant concept in database
systems, facilitating functions both at user and system level. However
transaction support in temporal DBMSs has not yet received enough
research attention. In this paper, we present techniques for
incorporating transaction support in a temporal DBMS, which is
implemented as an additional layer to a commercial RDBMS. These
techniques overcome certain limitations imposed by the underlying
RDBMS, and avoid excessive increment of the log size." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@article    ( VASSILIS94,
key    =    "Vassilis et al." ,
author    =    "Vassilis, J. T. and Gopinath, B. and Hart, G. W." ,
title    =    "Efficient Management of Time-Evolving Databases" ,
journal    =    "Topics on Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "ieee" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
abstract=    "Efficiently managing the history of a
time-evolving system is one of the central problems in many database
environments, like database systems that incorporate versioning, or
object oriented databases that implicitly or explicitly maintain the
history of persistent objects. In this paper we propose algorithms
that reconstruct past states of an evolving system for two general
cases, i.e., when the system's state is represented by a set or by a
hierarchy (a forest of trees). Sets are widely used as a canonical
form of representing information in databases or program states. For
more complex applications, like schema evolution in object-oriented
databases, it becomes necessary to manage the history of data
structures that have the form of forests or even graphs. The proposed
algorithms use minimal space (proportional to the number of changes
occurring in the evolution) and have the advantage of being on-line
(in the amortized sense). Any past system state s(t) is reconstructed
in time O(|s(t)| + log(log(T))), where |s(t)| is the size of the
answer and T is the maximal evolution time. For all practical cases
the log(log(T)) factor is a constant, therefore our algorithms provide
almost random access to any past system state. Moreover, we prove that
the presented algorithms are optimal among all algorithms that use
space linear in the number of changes in the system's evolution." ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Feb 25 13:00:24 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( VAUGHAN95,
title    =    "{Oracle Speaks of Space and Time" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VERMA87A,
key    =    "Verma \& Lu" ,
author    =    "Verma, V. and Lu, H." ,
title    =    "A New Approach to Version Management for Databases" ,
booktitle=    "ncc" ,
publisher=    "AFIPS Press" ,
address    =    "Chicago, IL" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "645--651" ,
abstract=    "Following an overview of version management
databases, a new approach for implementing these databases by
employing the use of persistence in height balanced trees is proposed.
Persistence in a tree is obtained by path copying. In classical
databases, version management is performed by checkpoints which
require O(n) time, and O(n) space. This new methodology maintains
historical data in O(lg n) space, and O(lg n) time for a binary search
tree. The paper discusses how the concept of persistence is
superimposed on B-trees, which are the primary storage structures
utilized in present day databases. A search operation on this
presistent B-tree of order `m' is O(lg(k)lg n(lg .80(m-1))), where `k'
is the number of nodes in an index time stamp tree, `n' is the number
of nodes in the B-tree, and the B-tree is assumed to have 80\% node
utilization" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Apr 27 19:36:01 1988" ,
owner    =    "" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VG95,
key    =    "Thierry Vidal and Malik Ghallab" ,
author    =    "Thierry Vidal and Malik Ghallab" ,
title    =    "Efficient Temporal Management through an
Application-Dependent Graph Decomposition" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of Second International Workshop on
Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME)" ,
organization=    "FLAIRS" ,
address    =    "Melbourne Beach, Florida" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VIANU83A,
key    =    "Vianu" ,
author    =    "Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "Dynamic Constraints and Database Evolution" ,
booktitle=    "pods" ,
organization=    "acm" ,
address    =    "Atlanta, GA" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "389--399" ,
abstract=    "A simple extension of the relational model is
introduced to study the effects of dynamic constraints on database
evolution. Both static and dynamic constraints are used in conjunction
with this `dynamic' extension of the relational model. The static
constraints considered here are functional dependencies (fd's). The
dynamic constraints involve global updates and are restricted to
certain analogs of df's, called `dynamic' fd's. The results concern
the interaction between the static and dynamic constraints. The effect
of the past history of the database on the static constraints is
investigated using the notions of age and age-closure. The connection
between the static constraints and the future evolution of the
database is described through the notions of survivability and
survivability-closure." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec  5 19:26:59 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( VIANU83B,
key    =    "Vianu" ,
author    =    "Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "Dynamic Database Constraints and Database
Evolution" ,
school    =    "University of Southern California" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 19 09:46:14 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( VIANU88,
key    =    "Vianu" ,
author    =    "Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "Database Survivability Under Dynamic Constraints" ,
journal    =    "Acta Informatica" ,
volume    =    "25" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "55--84" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:30:44 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@article    ( VIANU88A,
key    =    "Vianu" ,
author    =    "Vianu, V." ,
title    =    "A Dynamic Framework for Object-Projection Views" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "13" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1988" ,
pages    =    "1--22" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan  2 11:33:27 1991" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VILAIN82,
key    =    "Vilain" ,
author    =    "Vilain, M. B." ,
title    =    "A System for Reasoning About Time" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the American Association for
Artificial Intelligence" ,
address    =    "Pittsburgh" ,
month    =    "aug" ,
year    =    "1982" ,
pages    =    "221--226" ,
abstract=    "In this paper we describe the salient features of
a new system for reasoning about time. The system represents time
primarily -- though not exclusively -- in terms of intervals, and
performs deductions on this representation. It has a mechanism for
maintaining consistency in the representation and discovering the
origin of inconsistencies. Further, its deduction mechanisms for
intervals are easily extended to deal with time points. Finally, it
embodies a simple and elegant scheme for reasoning about absolute
dates." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Mar  6 09:43:28 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VILAIN86,
key    =    "Vilain \& Kautz" ,
author    =    "Vilain, M. B. and Kautz, H." ,
title    =    "Constraint Propagation Algorithms for Temporal
Reasoning" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the American Association for
Artificial Intelligence" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
pages    =    "377--382" ,
abstract=    "This paper considers computational aspects of
several temporal representation languages. It investigates an
interval-based representation, and a point-based one. Computing the
consequences of temporal assertions is shown to be computationally
intractable in the interval-based representation, but not in the
point-based one. However, a fragment of the interval language can be
expressed using the point language and benefits from the tractability
of the latter." ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul 31 13:31:52 1991" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( VITTER85,
key    =    "Vitter" ,
author    =    "Vitter, J. S." ,
title    =    "An Efficient I/O Interface for Optical Disks" ,
journal    =    "tods" ,
volume    =    "10" ,
number    =    "2" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1985" ,
pages    =    "129--162" ,
keywords=    "algorithms; design; performance; theory; input;
output; interface; optical digital disks; magnetic disks; update;
B-tree" ,
abstract=    "We introduce the notion of an I/O interface for
optical digital (write-once) disks, which is quite different from
earlier research. The purpose of an I/O interface is to allow existing
operating systems and application programs that use magnetic disks to
use optical disks intead, with minimal change. We define what it means
for an I/O interface to be disk-efficient. We demonstrate a practical
disk-efficient I/O interface and show that its I/O performance in many
cases is optimum, up to a constant factor, among all disk-efficient
interfaces. The interface is most effective for applications that are
not update-intensive. An additional capability is a built-in history
mechanism that provides software support for accessing previous
versions of records. Even if not implemented, the I/O interface can be
used as a programming tool to develop efficient special-purpose
applications for use with optical disks." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Nov 11 08:57:06 1985" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VLG95,
key    =    "Costas Vassilakis, Nikos A. Lorentzos, Panagiotis
Georgiadis" ,
author    =    "Costas Vassilakis and Nikos A. Lorentzos and
Panagiotis Georgiadis" ,
title    =    "Transaction Support in a Temporal DBMS" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "255-271" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( VV94,
author    =    "R.M. Verma and P.J. Varman" ,
title    =    "Efficient Archivable Time Index: A Dynamic
Indexing Scheme for Temporal Data" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Computer Systems and Education (ICCSE)" ,
editor    =    "N. Balakrishnan and others" ,
publisher=    "Tata McGraw-Hill" ,
address    =    "Bangalore, India" ,
organization=    "Computer Systems and Education" ,
pages    =    "59-72" ,
month    =    jun ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( VV95,
author    =    "P.J. Varman and R.M. Verma" ,
title    =    "An Efficient Multiversion Access Structure" ,
institution=    "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Rice University" ,
address    =    "Houston, TX" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
number    =    "TR-9518" ,
note    =    "To appear at the IEEE Transactions on Knowledge
and Data Engineering" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@techreport    ( WALKER86,
key    =    "Walker \& Blum" ,
author    =    "Walker, M. G. and Blum, R. L." ,
title    =    "Towards Automated Discovery from Clinical
Databases: the RADIX Project" ,
type    =    "Stanford Memo" ,
number    =    "KSL-86-7" ,
institution=    "Stanford University" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
month    =    "jan" ,
note    =    "(to appear MedInfo'86)" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:39:45 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG91B,
author    =    "X. Wang and S. Jajodia and W. Litwin" ,
title    =    "{Dealing with Granularity of Time in Temporal
Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Advanced Information Systems Engineering" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
editor    =    "R. Anderson and others" ,
organization=    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 498" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG93,
key    =    "Wang \& Jajodia" ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "Temporal Mediators as a Way to Support Multiple
Temporal Representations" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 00:49:08 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG93B,
key    =    "Wang et al." ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Jajodia, S. and Subrahmanian, V." ,
title    =    "Temporal Modules: An Approach Toward Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of SIGMOD Conference" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "227--236" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 15 15:42:14 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@techreport    ( WANG94A,
key    =    "Wang et al." ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Bettini, C. and Brodsky, A. and
Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "Logical Design for Temporal Databases with
Multiple Temporal Types" ,
type    =    "ISSE TR" ,
number    =    "94-111" ,
institution=    "George Mason University" ,
address    =    "VA" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:36:36 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG94B,
key    =    "Wang et al." ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Bettini, C. and Brodsky, S. and
Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "On the Relevance of Time Granularity in the Design
of Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "AI*IA Workshop on Temporal Reasoning" ,
address    =    "Parma, Italy" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 10 11:13:54 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG94C,
key    =    "Wang et al" ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Bettini, C. and Brodsky, A. and
Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "On the Relevance of Time Granularity in the Design
of Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "AI*IA Workshop on Temporal Reasoning" ,
address    =    "Parma, Italy" ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  1 15:27:15 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( WANG94D,
key    =    "Wang" ,
author    =    "Wang, X. and Bettini, C. and Brodsky, A. and
Jajodia, S." ,
title    =    "Logical Design for Temporal Databases with
Multiple Granularities" ,
type    =    "ISSE-TR" ,
number    =    "94-111" ,
institution=    "ISSE Department, George Mason University" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Sep  6 13:49:28 1995" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WANG95,
key    =    "X.S. Wang" ,
author    =    "X.S. Wang" ,
title    =    "Algebraic Query Languages on Temporal Databases
with Multiple Granularities" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM)" ,
address    =    "Baltimore, MD" ,
month    =    nov ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 29 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@article    ( WANG95V,
author    =    "Wang, X. S. and Jajodia, S. and Subrahmanian, V.
S." ,
title    =    "{Temporal Modules: An Approach Toward Federated
Temporal Databases}" ,
journal    =    "Information Sciences" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
volume    =    "82" ,
pages    =    "103-128" ,
number    =    "1/2" ,
month    =    jan ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@article    ( WEDEKIND95,
key    =    "Wedekind" ,
author    =    "Wedekind, H." ,
title    =    "Are the Terms 'Version' and 'Variant' Orthogonal
to One Another?" ,
journal    =    "sigmod" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
volume    =    "23" ,
number    =    "4" ,
month    =    "dec" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "3--7" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Nov 22 13:06:50 1995" ,
abstract=    "Versions and variants are an important issue in
industrial DB-applications like CAD/CAM. It is argued that a clean
distinction between both terms is of great importance." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@techreport    ( WEIKUM83,
key    =    "Weikum" ,
author    =    "Weikum, G." ,
title    =    "Entwurfsueberlegungen fuer Einen Versionen-Manager
zur Realisierung eines Temporalen Datenbanksystems" ,
number    =    "DVSI-1983-A1" ,
institution=    "Darmstadt" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Sep  8 08:57:10 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WEIKUM95V,
author    =    "G. Weikum" ,
title    =    "{Workflow Monitoring: Queries on Logs or Temporal
Databases?}" ,
booktitle=    "High Performance Transaction Systems (HPTS)
Workshop 1995" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Pacific Grove, California" ,
month    =    sep ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WELLS93,
key    =    "Wells" ,
author    =    "Wells, D." ,
title    =    "Exploring the Possibility of Time as a Seamless
Database Extension" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:06:10 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WG94,
author    =    "W. Harris and W. A. Gray" ,
title    =    "Temporal Constructs Required to Represent
Financial Instruments" ,
booktitle=    "Financial Information Systems Conference" ,
address    =    "Sheffield, U.K." ,
year    =    "1994" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WG95,
key    =    "W. Harris, W. A. Gray" ,
author    =    "W. Harris and W. A. Gray" ,
title    =    "Using Temporal Constructs in Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the VLDB International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin" ,
month    =    sep ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
organization=    "Workshops in Computing Series" ,
pages    =    "133-152" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Dec 30 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@techreport    ( WHELAN93,
key    =    "Whelan \& Kline" ,
author    =    "Whelan, J. and Kline, N." ,
title    =    "The Magnitude Calendar Specification" ,
type    =    "TempIS Technical Report" ,
number    =    "51" ,
institution=    "uazcsd" ,
address    =    "Tucson, AZ 85721" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    "oct" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 27 01:57:00 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@book        ( WHITROW78,
key    =    "Whitrow" ,
author    =    "Whitrow, G. J." ,
title    =    "The Nature of Time" ,
publisher=    "Holt Rinehart and Winston" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1978" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 24 12:51:23 1983" ,
)

@book        ( WHITROW80,
key    =    "Whitrow" ,
author    =    "Whitrow, G. J." ,
title    =    "The Natural Philosophy of Time" ,
publisher=    "Oxford University Press" ,
address    =    "New York, NY" ,
year    =    "1980" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 24 12:50:33 1983" ,
)

@techreport    ( WIEDERHOLD73,
key    =    "Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "How to Write a Schema for a Time Oriented Medical
Record Data Bank" ,
institution=    "Stanford" ,
year    =    "1973" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct 26 08:45:25 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@book        ( WIEDERHOLD83,
key    =    "Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "Database Design" ,
publisher=    "McGraw-Hill" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:45:25 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIEDERHOLD87,
key    =    "Wiederhold \& Qian" ,
author    =    "Wiederhold, G. and Qian, X. L." ,
title    =    "Modeling Asynchrony in Distributed Databases " ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
organization=    "IEEE Computer Society" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Angeles, CA" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "246--250" ,
abstract=    "A new relationship type is proposed which permits
describing the issues raised when information is distributed over
autonomous workstations. Such federated environments are becoming the
dominant form of distributed systems. Fully synchronous update of
replicated data is not feasible in such systems. The proposed identity
connection identifies data which should eventually match, but which
can be in differing states for some time intervals. The concept
permits modeling of the systems which are now becoming common in data
processing." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 20 18:49:59 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIEDERHOLD91A,
key    =    "Wiederhold et al." ,
author    =    "Wiederhold, G. and Jajodia, S. and Litwin, W." ,
title    =    "Dealing with Granularity of Time in Temporal
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proc. 3rd Nordic Conf. on Advanced Information
Systems Engineering" ,
address    =    "Trondheim, Norway" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
abstract=    "A question that always arises when dealing with
temporal information is the granularity of the values in the domain
type. Many different approaches have been proposed; however, the
community has not yet come to a basic agreement. Most published
temporal representations simplify the issue which leads to
difficulties in practical applications. In this paper, we resolve the
issue of temporal representation by requiring two domain types (event
times and intervals), formalize useful temporal semantics, and extend
the relational operations in such a way that temporal extensions fit
into a relational representation. Under these considerations, a
database system that deals with temporal data can not only present
consistent temporal semantics to users but perform consistent
computational sequences on temporal data from diverse sources." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Apr  1 15:20:41 1991" ,
owner    =    "curtis" ,
)

@inbook        ( WIEDERHOLD93,
key    =    "Wiederhold et al." ,
author    =    "Weiderhold, G. and Jajodia, S. and Litwin, W." ,
title    =    "Integrating Temporal Data in a Heterogeneous
Environment" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "22" ,
pages    =    "563--579" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:33:03 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIEDERHOLD93B,
key    =    "Wiederhold" ,
author    =    "Wiederhold, G." ,
title    =    "The Need to Harmonize Temporal Data Models" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on an
Infrastructure for Temporal Databases" ,
editor    =    "Snodgrass, R.~T." ,
address    =    "Arlington, TX" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Oct 11 01:06:46 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIJSEN93,
key    =    "Wijsen et al." ,
author    =    "Wijsen, J. and Vandenbulcke, J. and Olive, H." ,
title    =    "A Theory of Keys for Temporal Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Actes 9emes Journees Bases de Donnees" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "35--54" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 29 11:13:30 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIJSEN93A,
key    =    "Wijsen et al." ,
author    =    "Wijsen, J. and Vandenbulcke, J. and Olive, H." ,
title    =    "Functional Dependencies Generalized for Temporal
Databases that Include Object-Identity" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on the
Entity-Relationship Approach" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "100--114" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 29 11:15:14 1994" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIJSEN94,
key    =    "Wijsen" ,
author    =    "Wijsen, J. and Vandenbulcke, J. and Ovivi\'{e}, H." ,
title    =    "Temporal Dependencies in Relational Database
Design" ,
booktitle=    "Actes 10\`{e}mes Journ\'{e}es Bases de Donn\'{e}es" ,
address    =    "Clermont-Ferrand, France" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "157-169" ,
)

@article    ( WIJSEN94B,
key    =    "Wijsen et al." ,
author    =    "Wijsen, J. and Vandenbulcke, J. and Olivi\'{e}, H." ,
title    =    "On time-invariance and synchronism in valid-time
relational databases" ,
journal    =    "Journal of Computing and Information" ,
volume    =    "1" ,
number    =    "1" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
keywords=    "temporal databases; relational data model;
functional dependency; temporal logic" ,
abstract=    "We propose new temporal dependencies for
valid-time relations. The proposed dependencies can be thought of as
generalizations of the temporal continue: database concept of
time-invariant attributes. They are natural extensions of the
conventional concept of functional dependency. A complete
axiomatization is obtained by extending continue: Armstrong's axioms.
The new dependencies can be expressed in a first-order temporal
predicate calculus with equality. We argue that temporal dependency
preservation may constitute a valuable design guide-line during
normalization." ,
bibdate    =    "Sat Nov 19 13:15:43 1994" ,
owner    =    "rts" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WIJSEN95,
key    =    "Wijsen" ,
author    =    "Wijsen, J." ,
title    =    "Design of Temporal Relational Databases Based on
Dynamic and Temporal Functional Dependencies" ,
booktitle=    "Recent Advances in Temporal Databases" ,
organization=    "Proceedings of the International Workshop on
Temporal Databases" ,
publisher=    "Springer Verlag" ,
address    =    "Zurich, Switzerland" ,
editor    =    "Clifford, S. and Tuzhilin, A." ,
month    =    "sep" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "61--76" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Dec 22 12:51:29 1995" ,
abstract=    "In earlier work we introduced dynamic and temporal
functional dependencies (DFDs and TFDs), which are used in conjunction
with conventional functional dependencies. The purpose of this paper
is to study how DFDs and TFDs affect database design in a temporally
ungrouped historical data model. The result is a generalization of
conventional normalization theory for temporal databases." ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@phdthesis    ( WIJSEN95A,
author    =    "J. Wijsen" ,
title    =    "{Extending Dependency Theory for Temporal
Databases}" ,
school    =    "K.U. Leuven" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
month    =    feb ,
address    =    "Belgium" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WILSON89,
key    =    "Wilson \& Moher" ,
author    =    "Wilson, P. R. and Moher, T. G." ,
title    =    "Demonic Memory for Process Histories" ,
booktitle=    "ACM SIGPLAN Notices" ,
address    =    "Portland, Oregon" ,
volume    =    "24" ,
month    =    "jul" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "330-343" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jun 28 10:51:17 1991" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@inbook        ( WINSKEL88,
key    =    "Winskel" ,
author    =    "Winskel, G." ,
title    =    "An Introduction to Event Structures" ,
booktitle=    "Linear Time, Branching Time, and Partial Order in
Logics and Models for Concurrency" ,
publisher=    "Springer-Verlag" ,
address    =    "Bratislava" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
series    =    "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" ,
volume    =    "354" ,
pages    =    "364--397" ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Aug 26 22:08:21 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WOLPER81,
key    =    "Wolper" ,
author    =    "Wolper, P." ,
title    =    "Temporal Logic Can Be More Expressive" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 22nd Annual IEEE Symposium on
Foundations of Computer Science" ,
organization=    "IEEE" ,
year    =    "1981" ,
pages    =    "340--348" ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jul 19 11:25:17 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WON96,
author    =    "J. Won and R. Elmasri" ,
title    =    "{Representing Retroactive and Proactive Versions
in Bi-Temporal Databases (2TDBs)" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WOODFILL83,
key    =    "Woodfill \& Stonebraker" ,
author    =    "Woodfill, J. and Stonebraker, M." ,
title    =    "An Implementation of Hypothetical Relations" ,
booktitle=    "vldb" ,
address    =    "Florence, Italy" ,
year    =    "1983" ,
pages    =    "157--166" ,
editor    =    "Schkolnick, M. and Thanos, C." ,
abstract=    "In this paper we present a new approach to
implementing hypothetical relations. Our design borrows ideas from
techniques used in processing views and differential files and offers
several advantages over other schemes. A working implementation is
described and performance statistics are presented" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jul  9 11:03:26 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WTS95,
key    =    "Wuthrich, Tong \& Sankaran" ,
author    =    "B. Wuthrich and W. C. Tong and K. Sankaran" ,
title    =    "A Temporal and Probabilistic, Deductive and
Object-Oriented Query Language" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Reasoning Workshop of the International
Conference on Deductive and Object Oriented Databases Workshop (DOOD)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
address    =    "Singapore" ,
month    =    dec ,
bibdate    =    "Thu Dec 28 00:00:00 1995" ,
owner    =    "akumar" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WUU91,
key    =    "Wuu" ,
author    =    "Wuu, G." ,
pages    =    "272--279" ,
title    =    "SERQL: An ER Query Language Supporting Temporal
Data Retrieval" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 10th International Phoenix
Conference on Computers and Communications" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
month    =    "mar" ,
abstract=    "This paper describes an ER query language, SERQL,,
which has been developed for production use in Telephone Network
Provisioning Systems. The language is based on a database model
extended from the basic Entity-Relationship Model. These extensions
include Structured Attributes, Class Hierarchy, and incorporation of
the Temporal Dimension. We also describe the temporal aspedct of the
Network Perovisioning systems. The concept of orthogonal relationships
between events and temporal objects is introduced in our model. Query
speification for handling temporal data is descussed. " ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Jan  7 11:49:50 1992" ,
owner    =    "suchen" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WUU92,
key    =    "Wuu \& Dayal" ,
author    =    "Wuu, G. and Dayal, U." ,
title    =    "A Uniform Model for Temporal Object-Oriented
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
address    =    "Tempe, Arizona" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "584--593" ,
abstract=    "Time plays a central role in many database
applications. Most previous approaches to temporal modelling and
querying have extended the relational model with special constructs.
Also, typically this work has been based on a single notion of linear,
calendar-and-clock time. In this paper, we start, instead, with an
object-oriented data model and query language, OODAPLEX, that we had
defined earlier for non-temporal applications. We show that there are
many advantages to such an approach. First, it provides a richer model
than the relational for capturing the semantics of complex objects,
especially those with time-varying properties or behaviour. Second, it
allows many different notions of time to be defined as abstract data
types that are subtypes of a very general time type. Time-varying
properties or behaviour of objects can be modelled simply by functions
that relate the objects to time objects (instances of the time types).
Only a few special constraints on these relationships are necessary.
Finally, no special constructs are needed in the query language; the
retrieval of temporal and non-temporal queries is uniformly expressed.
We show how to express the various kinds of temporal queries described
in the literature. Indeed, by allowing variables and quantifiers to
range over time types, we can formulate -- quite naturally -- queries
that require special operators (e.g., `when', `shift', or modalities
such as `always') in other languages. Temporal aggregation queries,
which are not easily expressed in other models, are expressed using
the same aggregation operators as for non-temporal data. " ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Jan  3 11:18:14 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( WUU92A,
key    =    "Wuu \& Dayal" ,
author    =    "Wuu, G. T. J. and Dayal, U." ,
title    =    "A Uniform Model for Temporal Object-Oriented
Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
Data Engineering" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
address    =    "Los Alamitos, CA" ,
editor    =    "Golshani, F." ,
volume    =    "8" ,
month    =    "feb" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "584--593" ,
abstract=    "Most previous approaches to temporal modelling and
querying have extended the relational model with special constructs.
In this paper, we start, instead, with an object-oriented data model
and query language, OODAPLEX, that we had defined earlier for
non-temporal applications. We show that our approach not only provides
a richer model than the relational for capturing the semantics of
complex temporal objects, but also requires no special constructs in
the query language. Consequently, the retrieval of temporal and
non-temporal information is uniformly expressed. By allowing variables
and quantifiers to range over time, we can formulate --- quite
naturally --- queries that require special operators (e.g., ``when'',
``shift'', or modalities such as ``always'') in other languages.
Temporal aggregation queries, which are not easily expressed in other
models, are expressed using the same aggregation operators as for
non-temporal data." ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Sep  4 21:59:41 1992" ,
owner    =    "leoso" ,
)

@inbook        ( WUU93,
key    =    "Wuu \& Dayal" ,
author    =    "Wuu, G. and Dayal, U." ,
title    =    "A Uniform Model for Temporal and Versioned
Object-oriented Databases" ,
booktitle=    "Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and
Implementation" ,
publisher=    "Benjamin/Cummings" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
chapter    =    "10" ,
pages    =    "230--247" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Aug 27 16:14:24 1993" ,
owner    =    "kline" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( YANG93V,
author    =    "Yang, Y." ,
title    =    "{Change Management in Object-Oriented Databases}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 12th Annual International
Phoenix Conference on Computers and Communications (IPCCC)" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
pages    =    "238--244" ,
address    =    "Tempe, AZ" ,
publisher=    "IEEE Computer Society Press" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( YANZHEN92,
key    =    "Yanzhen92" ,
author    =    "Yan-Zhen, Qu and F. Sadri and P. Goyal" ,
title    =    "Temporal Object-Oriented Database: Implementation" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Database and Expert Systems Applications" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
bibdate    =    "Sun Aug  9 18:02:10 1992" ,
owner    =    "bib" ,
)

@article    ( YAU91,
key    =    "Yau \& Chat" ,
author    =    "Yau, C. and Chat, G. S. W." ,
title    =    "TempSQL -- A Language Interface to a Temporal
Relational Model" ,
journal    =    "Information Sc. \& Tech." ,
month    =    "oct" ,
year    =    "1991" ,
pages    =    "44--60" ,
abstract=    "A temporal relational model is proposed to
incorporate the temporal semantics of the real world. A description on
the capabilities of the model to handle temporal information is given.
In addition, TempSQL, a temporal query language, is defined by
extending the SQL. The extension includes new temporal operators and
constructs which provide powerful capabilities to manipulate the time
dimensions. The semantics of the law retrieve and update statements
are also discused. Finally, the need for temporal normalization is
brought out as an area for future work." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Nov 17 19:51:09 1992" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( YEH93V,
author    =    "T.S. Yeh and B. de Cambray" ,
title    =    "{Time as a Geometric Dimension for Modeling the
Evolution of Entities : a 3D approach}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on
Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling" ,
year    =    "1993" ,
month    =    sep ,
organization=    "NCGIA" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( YEH94VB,
author    =    "T.S. Yeh and B. de Cambray" ,
title    =    "{How to Model Highly Variable Data in a Complex
Object Data Model}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the COMAD'94: Sixth International
Conference on Management of Data" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "169--186" ,
month    =    dec ,
organization=    "Tata Mc Graw-Hill Company" ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( YEH95V,
author    =    "T.S. Yeh and B. de Cambray" ,
title    =    "{Managing Highly Variable Spatio-Temporal Data}" ,
booktitle=    "Proceedings of the 6th Australasian Database
Conference (ADC)" ,
year    =    "1995" ,
pages    =    "221--230" ,
month    =    jan ,
owner    =    "tsotras" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( YEUNG86,
key    =    "Yeung" ,
author    =    "Yeung, C.~S." ,
title    =    "Query Languages for a Heterogeneous Temporal
Database" ,
school    =    "EE/CS Department, Texas Tech University" ,
year    =    "1986" ,
bibdate    =    "Fri Oct  3 13:30:16 1986" ,
owner    =    "mckenzie" ,
)

@mastersthesis    ( YOO87,
key    =    "Yoo" ,
author    =    "Yoo, H." ,
title    =    "A Design and Implementation of Temporal Query
Language with Abstract Time Support" ,
school    =    "KAIST" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Oct 24 08:52:06 1990" ,
owner    =    "robyn" ,
)

@inbook        ( YOUNG58,
key    =    "Young \& Kent" ,
author    =    "Young, J. W. and Kent, H. K." ,
title    =    "Abstract Formulation of Data Processing Problems" ,
booktitle=    "System Analysis Techniques" ,
publisher=    "John Wiley \& Sons, Inc." ,
year    =    "1958" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Feb  2 13:26:43 1987" ,
owner    =    "manning" ,
)

@article    ( YU94,
key    =    "Yu \& Rosenkrantz" ,
author    =    "Yu, L. and Rosenkrantz, D. J." ,
title    =    "A Linear-Time Scheme for Version Reconstruction" ,
journal    =    "toplas" ,
publisher=    "ACM Press" ,
number    =    "3" ,
month    =    "may" ,
year    =    "1994" ,
pages    =    "775--797" ,
volume    =    "16" ,
bibdate    =    "Wed Jan 10 12:56:42 1996" ,
abstract=    "Version control in data systems containing
sequential files of objects is the subject of this paper. The authors
present algorithms for reconstructing the versions of a file using a
complete version and successively modifying this data structure by
applying a sequence of differential files called version control
system files. Efficient version control is important in software
development, temporal databases, computer-aided design, and document
production systems. The presented method for reconstruction of a
version has time complexity that is linear in terms of the size of the
complete version and the total size of the differences between the
sequence of versions directly required for the reconstruction. This
size is a significant improvement over such systems as the RCS version
control system and is comparable to most differential file generation
schemes. E. A. Unger, Manhattan, KS" ,
owner    =    "jeff" ,
)

@inproceedings    ( ZARRI89,
key    =    "Zarri" ,
author    =    "Zarri, G." ,
title    =    "Formalizing Temporal Issues in the Framework of
the Descriptive Component of a Knowledge Representation Language" ,
booktitle=    "International Association of Knowledge Engineers" ,
address    =    "College Park, MD" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
year    =    "1989" ,
pages    =    "585--600" ,
abstract=    "We propose here a temporal knowledge
representation formalism to be integrated into the descriptive
component of a Knowledge Representation Language (KRL) for Large
Knowledge Bases (LKBs). This formalism is characterized by the
following properties: a) it permits the integration of the point and
interval paradigms; b) it provides some general and coherent tools in
order to deal with the fuzziness which, in concrete situtations, is
inherently associated with the representation of a temporal marker; c)
it permits a way of implementing an efficient temporal reasoner, able
to deal, for example, with the purely mechanical aspects of the
well-known problem concerning the persistence of a situation. Original
concepts of this type of representation are the notions of category
and perspective. The category of dating characterizes the association
of a temporal marker to the beginning (subsequence), the end
(precedence) or a particular moment (coincidence) of a given
elementary event. The perspective of dating is used to define the
degree of precision (for example, an incertitude expressed by a fork
of dates) with which a given temporal marker is known. The paper ends
with an intuitive description of a family of algorithms which solve
the persistence problem mentioned above by using only the conceptual
indexing tools proper to the KRL (th formal details are given in
Appendix A): these tools are hevily rooted in the temporal knowledge
representation formalism presented here." ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jan 20 16:02:35 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@inbook        ( ZARRI90,
key    =    "Zarri" ,
author    =    "Zarri, G." ,
title    =    "Temporal Knowledge Denotation in the Context of
the Descriptive Component of a Knowledge Representation Language" ,
booktitle=    "Computational Intelligence II" ,
publisher=    "North-Holland" ,
address    =    "Amsterdam" ,
year    =    "1990" ,
month    =    "jun" ,
pages    =    "585--600" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Jan 20 16:16:13 1992" ,
owner    =    "soo" ,
)

@article    ( ZARRI92,
key    =    "Zarri" ,
author    =    "Zarri, G. P." ,
title    =    "Encoding The Temporal Characteristics of the
Natural Language Descriptions of (Legal) Situations" ,
journal    =    "Expert Systems in Law" ,
publisher=    "Elsevier Science Publishers" ,
year    =    "1992" ,
pages    =    "399--413" ,
abstract=    "We propose here a temporal knowledge
representation formalism to be integrated into the 'descriptive
component' of a Knowledge Representation Language (KRL) for Large
Knowledge Bases (LKBs). This formalism is characterized by the
following properties: a) it permits the integration of the 'point' and
the 'interval' paradigms; b) it provides some general and coherent
tools in order to deal with the 'fuzziness' which, in concrete (legal)
situations, is inherently associated with the representation of a
temporal marker; c) it permits a way of implementing an efficient
temporal reasoner, able to deal, for example, with the purely
'mechanical' aspects of the well-known problem concerning the
'persistence of a situation'. Original concepts of this type of
representation are the notions of 'category' and 'perspective'. The
'category of dating' characterizes the association of a temporal
marker to the beginning ('subsequence'), the end ('precedence') or a
particular moment ('coincidence') of a given elementary event. The
'perspective of dating' is used to define the degree of precision (for
example, an incertitude expressed by a fork of dates) with which a
given temporal marker is known. The paper ends with an intuitive
description of a family of algorithms which solve the 'persistence'
problem mentioned above by using only the 'conceptual indexing tools'
proper to the KRL (the formal details are given in Appendix A): these
tools are heavily rooted in the temporal knowledge representation
formalism presented here." ,
bibdate    =    "Tue Mar  9 20:47:36 1993" ,
owner    =    "bassili" ,
)

@article    ( ZHENHE87,
key    =    "Zhenhe \& Kung" ,
author    =    "Zhenhe, G. and Kung, C." ,
title    =    "On Temporal Aspect of Database Specifications" ,
journal    =    "Sci. Sin. A. Math. Phys. Astron. Tech. Sci.
(China)" ,
volume    =    "30" ,
number    =    "10" ,
month    =    "Oct" ,
year    =    "1987" ,
pages    =    "1102--12" ,
abstract=    "In recent years, the temporal aspect of databases
has received increasing attention. This paper addresses the importance
of verifying a database specification from the viewpoint of software
engineering. A temporal language for database specification is
described. A database specification consists of static and temporal
constraints and a set of operation descriptions. A database is viewed
as a dynamic object. Its evolution is established by sequences of
operations. A formal method for verifying database specifications is
also described. This method checks up whether the static constraints
are consistent, whether the implementation of each operation is
applicable to, and will lead to legal database states without
undesirable side effect, and whether each permissible sequence of
operations satisfies all the temporal constraints" ,
bibdate    =    "Mon Aug 15 14:21:27 1988" ,
owner    =    "stamr" ,
)

@techreport    ( ZUREK96A,
author    =    "Zurek, Thomas" ,
title    =    "{Parallel Temporal Nested-Loop Joins" ,
)

@Comment (BIBSETS
)