/ 8bitfiles.net/archives / archives.tar / archives / genie-commodore-file-library / Information / HACKING6C.SFX / hacking6c

MacOS 8.1

Win98

DOS

browse contents

view JSON data

view as text

+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 66 | 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 |   The f|ollowing|
|00000010| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 | program|, which |
|00000020| 74 65 73 74 73 20 53 42 | 43 27 73 20 72 65 73 75 |tests SB|C's resu|
|00000030| 6c 74 20 61 6e 64 20 66 | 6c 61 67 73 2c 0d 0a 20 |lt and f|lags,.. |
|00000040| 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 36 35 30 |contains| the 650|
|00000050| 32 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f | 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |2 versio|n of the|
|00000060| 20 70 73 65 75 64 6f 20 | 63 6f 64 65 20 65 78 61 | pseudo |code exa|
|00000070| 6d 70 6c 65 20 61 62 6f | 76 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 62 |mple abo|ve.....b|
|00000080| 65 67 69 6e 20 36 30 30 | 20 64 73 62 63 0d 0a 4d |egin 600| dsbc..M|
|00000090| 20 30 40 39 22 2c 44 27 | 47 4c 28 48 2d 23 2c 49 | 0@9",D'|GL(H-#,I|
|000000a0| 4a 43 28 55 2d 4a 53 22 | 2a 23 30 54 2a 3a 48 52 |JC(U-JS"|*#0T*:HR|
|000000b0| 2d 40 20 20 20 27 42 49 | 26 2a 20 20 41 2f 4e 24 |-@   'BI|&*  A/N$|
|000000c0| 5f 24 42 40 2b 29 24 4b | 48 27 3a 31 0d 0a 4d 2a |_$B@+)$K|H':1..M*|
|000000d0| 53 40 28 49 3f 50 49 23 | 58 37 5d 49 3f 4c 49 23 |S@(I?PI#|X7]I?LI#|
|000000e0| 5e 37 5d 4c 20 2f 49 21 | 31 40 49 23 5a 42 45 5f |^7]L /I!|1@I#ZBE_|
|000000f0| 22 47 50 41 3f 56 45 5e | 52 47 50 22 23 43 45 5f |"GPA?VE^|RGP"#CE_|
|00000100| 32 47 50 4c 20 4b 49 37 | 52 42 50 0d 0a 4d 23 4e |2GPL KI7|RBP..M#N|
|00000110| 44 2f 2e 2b 20 29 2a 2b | 20 26 5a 30 5e 50 20 4e |D/.+ )*+| &Z0^P N|
|00000120| 45 3f 41 2f 54 25 5f 38 | 37 5d 2a 2b 42 45 5e 5e |E?A/T%_8|7]*+BE^^|
|00000130| 37 5c 22 26 42 48 2e 2b | 43 58 49 3f 4f 45 5f 2d |7\"&BH.+|CXI?OE_-|
|00000140| 40 28 31 3f 57 30 46 56 | 42 24 0d 0a 38 5f 34 37 |@(1?W0FV|B$..8_47|
|00000150| 5d 54 29 33 46 5e 5d 22 | 3e 59 4f 53 30 46 46 41 |]T)3F^]"|>YOS0FFA|
|00000160| 29 26 2d 20 24 4a 33 43 | 30 42 25 41 40 0d 0a 20 |)&- $J3C|0B%A@.. |
|00000170| 0d 0a 65 6e 64 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 20 4f 62 76 69 |..end...|.   Obvi|
|00000180| 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 75 6e 64 6f 63 75 |ously th|e undocu|
|00000190| 6d 65 6e 74 65 64 20 69 | 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 |mented i|nstructi|
|000001a0| 6f 6e 73 20 52 52 41 20 | 28 52 4f 52 2b 41 44 43 |ons RRA |(ROR+ADC|
|000001b0| 29 20 61 6e 64 20 49 53 | 42 0d 0a 20 28 49 4e 43 |) and IS|B.. (INC|
|000001c0| 2b 53 42 43 29 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 69 6e 68 65 72 |+SBC) ha|ve inher|
|000001d0| 69 74 65 64 20 61 6c 73 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 64 65 |ited als|o the de|
|000001e0| 63 69 6d 61 6c 20 6f 70 | 65 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |cimal op|eration |
|000001f0| 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 66 66 69 63 69 61 |from the| officia|
|00000200| 6c 0d 0a 20 69 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 |l.. inst|ructions|
|00000210| 20 41 44 43 20 61 6e 64 | 20 53 42 43 2e 20 54 68 | ADC and| SBC. Th|
|00000220| 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 64 72 6f 72 61 64 |e progra|m drorad|
|00000230| 63 20 73 68 6f 77 73 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 73 74 61 |c shows |this sta|
|00000240| 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 0d 0a | 20 66 6f 72 20 52 4f 52 |tement..| for ROR|
|00000250| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 69 6e 63 73 62 |, and th|e dincsb|
|00000260| 63 20 74 65 73 74 20 73 | 68 6f 77 73 20 74 68 69 |c test s|hows thi|
|00000270| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 49 53 | 42 2e 20 46 69 6e 61 6c |s for IS|B. Final|
|00000280| 6c 79 2c 0d 0a 20 64 69 | 6e 63 73 62 63 2d 64 65 |ly,.. di|ncsbc-de|
|00000290| 63 63 6d 70 20 73 68 6f | 77 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ccmp sho|ws that |
|000002a0| 49 53 42 27 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 44 43 50 27 73 20 |ISB's an|d DCP's |
|000002b0| 28 44 45 43 2b 43 4d 50 | 29 20 66 6c 61 67 73 20 |(DEC+CMP|) flags |
|000002c0| 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 0d | 0a 20 61 66 66 65 63 74 |are not.|. affect|
|000002d0| 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 44 20 66 6c 61 67 |ed by th|e D flag|
|000002e0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 62 65 67 | 69 6e 20 36 34 34 20 64 |.....beg|in 644 d|
|000002f0| 72 6f 72 61 64 63 0d 0a | 4d 60 30 40 39 22 2c 44 |roradc..|M`0@9",D|
|00000300| 27 47 4c 28 48 2d 23 2c | 49 4a 43 28 55 2d 4a 53 |'GL(H-#,|IJC(U-JS|
|00000310| 22 2a 23 30 54 2a 3a 48 | 52 2d 40 60 60 60 27 42 |"*#0T*:H|R-@```'B|
|00000320| 49 26 2a 60 60 41 2f 4e | 24 5f 24 42 40 2b 29 24 |I&*``A/N|$_$B@+)$|
|00000330| 4b 48 28 56 31 0d 0a 4d | 2a 53 40 28 49 3f 50 49 |KH(V1..M|*S@(I?PI|
|00000340| 23 58 37 5d 49 3f 4c 49 | 23 56 37 5d 52 30 4a 30 |#X7]I?LI|#V7]R0J0|
|00000350| 60 46 44 25 4a 22 44 2f | 41 3f 56 45 5e 52 47 50 |`FD%J"D/|A?VE^RGP|
|00000360| 39 3f 50 49 5c 60 43 60 | 24 29 60 22 3a 30 5e 4a |9?PI\`C`|$)`":0^J|
|00000370| 4c 60 40 48 0d 0a 4d 4c | 60 3f 29 48 29 60 26 22 |L`@H..ML|`?)H)`&"|
|00000380| 22 40 58 3a 35 5c 58 21 | 3f 56 25 5f 30 41 48 2a |"@X:5\X!|?V%_0AH*|
|00000390| 33 57 40 60 21 60 22 22 | 38 22 48 42 44 37 5b 24 |3W@`!`""|8"HBD7[$|
|000003a0| 60 4a 45 5e 54 37 5c 2c | 60 32 38 22 34 22 48 2a |`JE^T7\,|`28"4"H*|
|000003b0| 2a 37 5b 0d 0a 4d 39 3f | 53 30 21 29 40 29 60 4a |*7[..M9?|S0!)@)`J|
|000003c0| 40 58 4e 2f 42 45 5e 52 | 3b 5c 39 5f 53 38 22 24 |@XN/BE^R|;\9_S8"$|
|000003d0| 37 5d 54 22 3d 48 41 2f | 55 25 5f 3d 60 40 59 4f |7]T"=HA/|U%_=`@YO|
|000003e0| 4f 30 41 3e 3b 5c 54 28 | 25 48 32 31 43 50 60 45 |O0A>;\T(|%H21CP`E|
|000003f0| 41 40 0d 0a 32 4a 31 54 | 38 39 32 4e 25 5e 5a 44 |A@..2J1T|892N%^ZD|
|00000400| 60 39 32 52 25 5f 2a 44 | 58 3b 2f 4c 60 0d 0a 60 |`92R%_*D|X;/L`..`|
|00000410| 0d 0a 65 6e 64 0d 0a 0d | 0a 62 65 67 69 6e 20 36 |..end...|.begin 6|
|00000420| 34 34 20 64 69 6e 63 73 | 62 63 0d 0a 4d 60 30 40 |44 dincs|bc..M`0@|
|00000430| 39 22 2c 44 27 47 4c 28 | 48 2d 23 2c 49 4a 43 28 |9",D'GL(|H-#,IJC(|
|00000440| 55 2d 4a 53 22 2a 23 30 | 54 2a 3a 48 52 2d 40 60 |U-JS"*#0|T*:HR-@`|
|00000450| 60 60 27 42 49 26 2a 60 | 60 41 2f 4e 24 5f 24 42 |``'BI&*`|`A/N$_$B|
|00000460| 40 2b 29 24 4b 48 27 3a | 31 0d 0a 4d 2a 53 40 28 |@+)$KH':|1..M*S@(|
|00000470| 49 3f 50 49 23 58 37 5d | 49 3f 4c 49 23 5e 37 5d |I?PI#X7]|I?LI#^7]|
|00000480| 4c 60 2f 49 21 31 40 49 | 23 5a 42 45 5f 22 47 50 |L`/I!1@I|#ZBE_"GP|
|00000490| 41 3f 56 45 5e 52 47 50 | 22 23 43 45 5f 32 47 50 |A?VE^RGP|"#CE_2GP|
|000004a0| 4c 60 4b 49 37 52 42 50 | 0d 0a 4d 23 4e 44 2f 2e |L`KI7RBP|..M#ND/.|
|000004b0| 2b 60 29 2a 2b 60 26 5a | 30 5e 50 60 4e 45 3f 41 |+`)*+`&Z|0^P`NE?A|
|000004c0| 2f 54 25 5f 38 37 5d 2a | 2b 42 45 5e 5e 37 5c 22 |/T%_87]*|+BE^^7\"|
|000004d0| 26 42 48 2e 2b 43 58 49 | 3f 4f 26 5f 2e 3f 5c 56 |&BH.+CXI|?O&_.?\V|
|000004e0| 60 41 25 5f 3d 22 39 0d | 0a 3a 3a 28 33 5d 31 3f |`A%_="9.|.::(3]1?|
|000004f0| 57 30 44 4e 3b 5b 54 29 | 53 46 5f 2d 22 38 3a 24 |W0DN;[T)|SF_-"8:$|
|00000500| 44 38 54 60 32 49 2e 2d | 22 26 36 26 23 5c 0d 0a |D8T`2I.-|"&6&#\..|
|00000510| 60 0d 0a 65 6e 64 0d 0a | 0d 0a 62 65 67 69 6e 20 |`..end..|..begin |
|00000520| 36 34 34 20 64 69 6e 63 | 73 62 63 2d 64 65 63 63 |644 dinc|sbc-decc|
|00000530| 6d 70 0d 0a 4d 60 30 40 | 39 22 2c 44 27 47 4c 28 |mp..M`0@|9",D'GL(|
|00000540| 48 2d 23 2c 49 4a 43 28 | 55 2d 4a 53 22 2a 23 30 |H-#,IJC(|U-JS"*#0|
|00000550| 54 2a 3a 48 52 2d 40 60 | 60 60 27 42 40 60 28 33 |T*:HR-@`|``'B@`(3|
|00000560| 5b 41 2f 52 42 60 58 48 | 38 3a 37 3e 48 4c 32 4e |[A/RB`XH|8:7>HL2N|
|00000570| 40 0d 0a 4d 33 59 24 4b | 48 25 52 31 2a 58 49 49 |@..M3Y$K|H%R1*XII|
|00000580| 3e 5a 42 51 2a 5a 21 33 | 44 32 4e 40 38 29 24 4b |>ZBQ*Z!3|D2N@8)$K|
|00000590| 42 46 45 5f 4a 2b 24 4b | 48 25 36 31 2a 5a 21 42 |BFE_J+$K|H%61*Z!B|
|000005a0| 44 32 4f 58 2e 2b 42 45 | 5e 5e 3b 5c 51 5f 53 38 |D2OX.+BE|^^;\Q_S8|
|000005b0| 0d 0a 4c 22 26 42 25 5f | 33 42 58 49 3f 4f 46 5f |..L"&B%_|3BXI?OF_|
|000005c0| 2c 3f 5c 22 26 41 25 5f | 3f 60 21 60 2e 3b 5b 54 |,?\"&A%_|?`!`.;[T|
|000005d0| 2d 5f 46 5f 2d 23 3b 52 | 41 22 4d 38 21 40 58 26 |-_F_-#;R|A"M8!@X&|
|000005e0| 23 43 46 59 4c 3b 26 51 | 5c 3f 47 59 50 23 38 0d |#CFYL;&Q|\?GYP#8.|
|000005f0| 0a 60 0d 0a 65 6e 64 0d | 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |.`..end.|....... |
|00000600| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00000610| 36 35 31 30 20 66 65 61 | 74 75 72 65 73 0d 0a 0d |6510 fea|tures...|
|00000620| 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 20 50 | 48 50 20 61 6c 77 61 79 |.   o  P|HP alway|
|00000630| 73 20 70 75 73 68 65 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 42 72 65 |s pushes| the Bre|
|00000640| 61 6b 20 28 42 29 20 66 | 6c 61 67 20 61 73 20 61 |ak (B) f|lag as a|
|00000650| 20 60 31 27 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 63 | `1' to |the stac|
|00000660| 6b 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 4a 75 6b 6b 61 20 |k...    |  Jukka |
|00000670| 54 61 70 61 6e 69 6d 22 | 61 6b 69 20 63 6c 61 69 |Tapanim"|aki clai|
|00000680| 6d 65 64 20 69 6e 20 43 | 3d 6c 65 68 74 69 20 69 |med in C|=lehti i|
|00000690| 73 73 75 65 20 33 2f 38 | 39 2c 20 6f 6e 20 70 61 |ssue 3/8|9, on pa|
|000006a0| 67 65 20 32 37 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 74 68 65 0d 0a |ge 27 th|at the..|
|000006b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 70 72 | 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 |      pr|ocessor |
|000006c0| 6d 61 6b 65 73 20 61 20 | 6c 6f 67 69 63 61 6c 20 |makes a |logical |
|000006d0| 4f 52 20 62 65 74 77 65 | 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 |OR betwe|en the s|
|000006e0| 74 61 74 75 73 20 72 65 | 67 69 73 74 65 72 27 73 |tatus re|gister's|
|000006f0| 20 62 69 74 20 34 20 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 | bit 4 .|.      a|
|00000700| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 62 | 69 74 20 38 20 6f 66 20 |nd the b|it 8 of |
|00000710| 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 63 | 6b 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 |the stac|k regist|
|00000720| 65 72 20 28 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 69 73 20 61 6c 77 |er (whic|h is alw|
|00000730| 61 79 73 20 31 29 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 |ays 1)..|...   o |
|00000740| 20 49 6e 64 69 72 65 63 | 74 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | Indirec|t addres|
|00000750| 73 69 6e 67 20 6d 6f 64 | 65 73 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f |sing mod|es do no|
|00000760| 74 20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 | 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 6f |t handle| page bo|
|00000770| 75 6e 64 61 72 79 20 63 | 72 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 20 |undary c|rossing |
|00000780| 61 74 20 61 6c 6c 2e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 57 |at all..|.      W|
|00000790| 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65 |hen the |paramete|
|000007a0| 72 27 73 20 6c 6f 77 20 | 62 79 74 65 20 69 73 20 |r's low |byte is |
|000007b0| 24 46 46 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 |$FF, the| effecti|
|000007c0| 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 20 77 72 61 70 73 |ve addre|ss wraps|
|000007d0| 20 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 | ..     | around |
|000007e0| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 43 50 55 20 66 65 74 63 |and the |CPU fetc|
|000007f0| 68 65 73 20 68 69 67 68 | 20 62 79 74 65 20 66 72 |hes high| byte fr|
|00000800| 6f 6d 20 24 78 78 30 30 | 20 69 6e 73 74 65 61 64 |om $xx00| instead|
|00000810| 20 6f 66 20 24 78 78 30 | 30 2b 24 30 31 30 30 2e | of $xx0|0+$0100.|
|00000820| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 45 2e 67 2e 20 4a 4d 50 |..      |E.g. JMP|
|00000830| 20 28 24 30 31 46 46 29 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 65 73 | ($01FF)| fetches|
|00000840| 20 50 43 4c 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 24 30 31 46 46 20 | PCL fro|m $01FF |
|00000850| 61 6e 64 20 50 43 48 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 24 30 31 |and PCH |from $01|
|00000860| 30 30 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 61 6e 64 20 4c |00,..   |   and L|
|00000870| 44 41 20 28 24 46 46 29 | 2c 59 20 66 65 74 63 68 |DA ($FF)|,Y fetch|
|00000880| 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 62 | 61 73 65 20 61 64 64 72 |es the b|ase addr|
|00000890| 65 73 73 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 24 46 46 20 61 6e 64 |ess from| $FF and|
|000008a0| 20 24 30 30 2e 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 20 49 | $00....|.   o  I|
|000008b0| 6e 64 65 78 65 64 20 7a | 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 65 |ndexed z|ero page|
|000008c0| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 69 6e 67 20 6d 6f 64 65 | address|ing mode|
|000008d0| 73 20 6e 65 76 65 72 20 | 66 69 78 20 74 68 65 20 |s never |fix the |
|000008e0| 70 61 67 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 6f 6e 0d |page add|ress on.|
|000008f0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 63 | 72 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 20 |.      c|rossing |
|00000900| 74 68 65 20 7a 65 72 6f | 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 6f |the zero| page bo|
|00000910| 75 6e 64 61 72 79 2e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 45 |undary..|.      E|
|00000920| 2e 67 2e 20 4c 44 58 20 | 23 24 30 31 20 3a 20 4c |.g. LDX |#$01 : L|
|00000930| 44 41 20 28 24 46 46 2c | 58 29 20 6c 6f 61 64 73 |DA ($FF,|X) loads|
|00000940| 20 74 68 65 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | the eff|ective a|
|00000950| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 24 30 30 20 |ddress f|rom $00 |
|00000960| 61 6e 64 20 24 30 31 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 6f |and $01.|....   o|
|00000970| 20 20 54 68 65 20 70 72 | 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 |  The pr|ocessor |
|00000980| 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 65 73 20 74 |always f|etches t|
|00000990| 68 65 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e |he byte |followin|
|000009a0| 67 20 61 20 72 65 6c 61 | 74 69 76 65 20 62 72 61 |g a rela|tive bra|
|000009b0| 6e 63 68 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 69 6e 73 74 72 |nch..   |   instr|
|000009c0| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 | 49 66 20 74 68 65 20 62 |uction. |If the b|
|000009d0| 72 61 6e 63 68 20 69 73 | 20 74 61 6b 65 6e 2c 20 |ranch is| taken, |
|000009e0| 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 63 | 65 73 73 6f 72 20 72 65 |the proc|essor re|
|000009f0| 61 64 73 20 74 68 65 6e | 20 74 68 65 0d 0a 20 20 |ads then| the..  |
|00000a00| 20 20 20 20 6f 70 63 6f | 64 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |    opco|de from |
|00000a10| 74 68 65 20 64 65 73 74 | 69 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |the dest|ination |
|00000a20| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2e | 20 49 66 20 70 61 67 65 |address.| If page|
|00000a30| 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 | 79 20 69 73 20 63 72 6f | boundar|y is cro|
|00000a40| 73 73 65 64 2c 20 69 74 | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ssed, it|..      |
|00000a50| 66 69 72 73 74 20 72 65 | 61 64 73 20 61 20 62 79 |first re|ads a by|
|00000a60| 74 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 74 68 65 20 6f 6c 64 20 |te from |the old |
|00000a70| 70 61 67 65 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 61 20 6c 6f 63 61 |page fro|m a loca|
|00000a80| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 69 73 20 62 69 67 |tion tha|t is big|
|00000a90| 67 65 72 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 6f 72 20 73 6d |ger..   |   or sm|
|00000aa0| 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 74 68 | 61 6e 20 74 68 65 20 63 |aller th|an the c|
|00000ab0| 6f 72 72 65 63 74 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 62 |orrect a|ddress b|
|00000ac0| 79 20 6f 6e 65 20 70 61 | 67 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |y one pa|ge..... |
|00000ad0| 20 20 6f 20 20 49 66 20 | 79 6f 75 20 63 72 6f 73 |  o  If |you cros|
|00000ae0| 73 20 61 20 70 61 67 65 | 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 |s a page| boundar|
|00000af0| 79 20 69 6e 20 61 6e 79 | 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 69 |y in any| other i|
|00000b00| 6e 64 65 78 65 64 20 6d | 6f 64 65 2c 0d 0a 20 20 |ndexed m|ode,..  |
|00000b10| 20 20 20 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 6f |    the |processo|
|00000b20| 72 20 72 65 61 64 73 20 | 61 6e 20 69 6e 63 6f 72 |r reads |an incor|
|00000b30| 72 65 63 74 20 6c 6f 63 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 69 |rect loc|ation fi|
|00000b40| 72 73 74 2c 20 61 20 6c | 6f 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |rst, a l|ocation |
|00000b50| 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 73 |that is.|.      s|
|00000b60| 6d 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 62 | 79 20 6f 6e 65 20 70 61 |maller b|y one pa|
|00000b70| 67 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 6f 20 20 52 65 61 |ge..... |  o  Rea|
|00000b80| 64 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 79 | 2d 57 72 69 74 65 20 69 |d-Modify|-Write i|
|00000b90| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 77 72 69 74 |nstructi|ons writ|
|00000ba0| 65 20 75 6e 6d 6f 64 69 | 66 69 65 64 20 64 61 74 |e unmodi|fied dat|
|00000bb0| 61 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 | 6d 6f 64 69 66 69 65 64 |a, then |modified|
|00000bc0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 28 73 6f 20 49 4e 43 20 |..      |(so INC |
|00000bd0| 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 | 65 6c 79 20 64 6f 65 73 |effectiv|ely does|
|00000be0| 20 4c 44 58 20 6c 6f 63 | 3b 53 54 58 20 6c 6f 63 | LDX loc|;STX loc|
|00000bf0| 3b 49 4e 58 3b 53 54 58 | 20 6c 6f 63 29 0d 0a 0d |;INX;STX| loc)...|
|00000c00| 0a 20 20 20 6f 20 20 2d | 52 44 59 20 69 73 20 69 |.   o  -|RDY is i|
|00000c10| 67 6e 6f 72 65 64 20 64 | 75 72 69 6e 67 20 77 72 |gnored d|uring wr|
|00000c20| 69 74 65 73 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 28 54 68 69 |ites..  |    (Thi|
|00000c30| 73 20 69 73 20 77 68 79 | 20 79 6f 75 20 6d 75 73 |s is why| you mus|
|00000c40| 74 20 77 61 69 74 20 33 | 20 63 79 63 6c 65 73 20 |t wait 3| cycles |
|00000c50| 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 64 | 6f 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 79 |before d|oing any|
|00000c60| 20 44 4d 41 20 2d 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 74 68 | DMA -..|      th|
|00000c70| 65 20 6d 61 78 69 6d 75 | 6d 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 |e maximu|m number|
|00000c80| 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 6e 73 | 65 63 75 74 69 76 65 20 | of cons|ecutive |
|00000c90| 77 72 69 74 65 73 20 69 | 73 20 33 2c 20 77 68 69 |writes i|s 3, whi|
|00000ca0| 63 68 20 6f 63 63 75 72 | 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ch occur|s..     |
|00000cb0| 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 72 75 70 | during |interrup|
|00000cc0| 74 73 20 65 78 63 65 70 | 74 20 2d 52 45 53 45 54 |ts excep|t -RESET|
|00000cd0| 2e 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 6f 20 20 53 6f 6d 65 |.)....  | o  Some|
|00000ce0| 20 75 6e 64 65 66 69 6e | 65 64 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 | undefin|ed opcod|
|00000cf0| 65 73 20 6d 61 79 20 67 | 69 76 65 20 72 65 61 6c |es may g|ive real|
|00000d00| 6c 79 20 75 6e 70 72 65 | 64 69 63 74 61 62 6c 65 |ly unpre|dictable|
|00000d10| 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 73 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | results|.....   |
|00000d20| 6f 20 20 41 6c 6c 20 72 | 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 73 |o  All r|egisters|
|00000d30| 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 50 72 6f 67 | except |the Prog|
|00000d40| 72 61 6d 20 43 6f 75 6e | 74 65 72 20 72 65 6d 61 |ram Coun|ter rema|
|00000d50| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 61 6d 65 20 61 66 74 65 |in the s|ame afte|
|00000d60| 72 20 2d 52 45 53 45 54 | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |r -RESET|...     |
|00000d70| 20 28 54 68 69 73 20 69 | 73 20 77 68 79 20 79 6f | (This i|s why yo|
|00000d80| 75 20 6d 75 73 74 20 70 | 72 65 73 65 74 20 44 20 |u must p|reset D |
|00000d90| 61 6e 64 20 49 20 66 6c | 61 67 73 20 69 6e 20 74 |and I fl|ags in t|
|00000da0| 68 65 20 52 45 53 45 54 | 20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 72 |he RESET| handler|
|00000db0| 2e 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.)......|        |
|00000dc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 44 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e |        |Differen|
|00000dd0| 74 20 43 50 55 20 74 79 | 70 65 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |t CPU ty|pes.... |
|00000de0| 54 68 65 20 52 6f 63 6b | 77 65 6c 6c 20 64 61 74 |The Rock|well dat|
|00000df0| 61 20 62 6f 6f 6b 6c 65 | 74 20 32 39 36 35 31 4e |a bookle|t 29651N|
|00000e00| 35 32 20 28 74 65 63 68 | 6e 69 63 61 6c 20 69 6e |52 (tech|nical in|
|00000e10| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |formatio|n about |
|00000e20| 52 36 35 43 30 30 20 0d | 0a 20 6d 69 63 72 6f 70 |R65C00 .|. microp|
|00000e30| 72 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72 | 73 2c 20 64 61 74 65 64 |rocessor|s, dated|
|00000e40| 20 4f 63 74 6f 62 65 72 | 20 31 39 38 34 29 2c 20 | October| 1984), |
|00000e50| 6c 69 73 74 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 |lists th|e follow|
|00000e60| 69 6e 67 20 64 69 66 66 | 65 72 65 6e 63 65 73 20 |ing diff|erences |
|00000e70| 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 0d | 0a 20 4e 4d 4f 53 20 52 |between.|. NMOS R|
|00000e80| 36 35 30 32 20 6d 69 63 | 72 6f 70 72 6f 63 65 73 |6502 mic|roproces|
|00000e90| 73 6f 72 20 61 6e 64 20 | 43 4d 4f 53 20 52 36 35 |sor and |CMOS R65|
|00000ea0| 43 30 30 20 66 61 6d 69 | 6c 79 3a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |C00 fami|ly:.... |
|00000eb0| 31 2e 20 49 6e 64 65 78 | 65 64 20 61 64 64 72 65 |1. Index|ed addre|
|00000ec0| 73 73 69 6e 67 20 61 63 | 72 6f 73 73 20 70 61 67 |ssing ac|ross pag|
|00000ed0| 65 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 | 72 79 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 |e bounda|ry...   |
|00000ee0| 20 20 20 20 20 4e 4d 4f | 53 3a 20 45 78 74 72 61 |     NMO|S: Extra|
|00000ef0| 20 72 65 61 64 20 6f 66 | 20 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 64 | read of| invalid|
|00000f00| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | address|...     |
|00000f10| 20 20 20 43 4d 4f 53 3a | 20 45 78 74 72 61 20 72 |   CMOS:| Extra r|
|00000f20| 65 61 64 20 6f 66 20 6c | 61 73 74 20 69 6e 73 74 |ead of l|ast inst|
|00000f30| 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 62 79 74 65 2e 0d 0a 0d |ruction |byte....|
|00000f40| 0a 20 32 2e 20 45 78 65 | 63 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f |. 2. Exe|cution o|
|00000f50| 66 20 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 | 64 20 6f 70 20 63 6f 64 |f invali|d op cod|
|00000f60| 65 73 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 4e 4d 4f |es...   |     NMO|
|00000f70| 53 3a 20 53 6f 6d 65 20 | 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 61 74 |S: Some |terminat|
|00000f80| 65 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 62 | 79 20 72 65 73 65 74 2e |e only b|y reset.|
|00000f90| 20 52 65 73 75 6c 74 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 75 6e 64 | Results| are und|
|00000fa0| 65 66 69 6e 65 64 2e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |efined..|.       |
|00000fb0| 20 43 4d 4f 53 3a 20 41 | 6c 6c 20 61 72 65 20 4e | CMOS: A|ll are N|
|00000fc0| 4f 50 73 20 28 72 65 73 | 65 72 76 65 64 20 66 6f |OPs (res|erved fo|
|00000fd0| 72 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 | 20 75 73 65 29 2e 0d 0a |r future| use)...|
|00000fe0| 0d 0a 20 33 2e 20 4a 75 | 6d 70 20 69 6e 64 69 72 |.. 3. Ju|mp indir|
|00000ff0| 65 63 74 2c 20 6f 70 65 | 72 61 6e 64 20 3d 20 58 |ect, ope|rand = X|
|00001000| 58 46 46 2e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 4e 4d |XFF...  |      NM|
|00001010| 4f 53 3a 20 50 61 67 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |OS: Page| address|
|00001020| 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f | 74 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d | does no|t increm|
|00001030| 65 6e 74 2e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 4d |ent...  |      CM|
|00001040| 4f 53 3a 20 50 61 67 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |OS: Page| address|
|00001050| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | increme|nts and |
|00001060| 61 64 64 73 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 6f |adds one| additio|
|00001070| 6e 61 6c 20 63 79 63 6c | 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 34 |nal cycl|e..... 4|
|00001080| 2e 20 52 65 61 64 2f 6d | 6f 64 69 66 79 2f 77 72 |. Read/m|odify/wr|
|00001090| 69 74 65 20 69 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 |ite inst|ructions|
|000010a0| 20 61 74 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | at effe|ctive ad|
|000010b0| 64 72 65 73 73 2e 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |dress...|        |
|000010c0| 4e 4d 4f 53 3a 20 4f 6e | 65 20 72 65 61 64 20 61 |NMOS: On|e read a|
|000010d0| 6e 64 20 74 77 6f 20 77 | 72 69 74 65 20 63 79 63 |nd two w|rite cyc|
|000010e0| 6c 65 73 2e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 4d |les...  |      CM|
|000010f0| 4f 53 3a 20 54 77 6f 20 | 72 65 61 64 20 61 6e 64 |OS: Two |read and|
|00001100| 20 6f 6e 65 20 77 72 69 | 74 65 20 63 79 63 6c 65 | one wri|te cycle|
|00001110| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 35 2e | 20 44 65 63 69 6d 61 6c |..... 5.| Decimal|
|00001120| 20 66 6c 61 67 2e 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | flag...|        |
|00001130| 4e 4d 4f 53 3a 20 49 6e | 64 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e |NMOS: In|determin|
|00001140| 61 74 65 20 61 66 74 65 | 72 20 72 65 73 65 74 2e |ate afte|r reset.|
|00001150| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 43 4d 4f 53 3a 20 |..      |  CMOS: |
|00001160| 49 6e 69 74 69 61 6c 69 | 7a 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 |Initiali|zed to b|
|00001170| 69 6e 61 72 79 20 6d 6f | 64 65 20 28 44 3d 30 29 |inary mo|de (D=0)|
|00001180| 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 72 | 65 73 65 74 20 61 6e 64 | after r|eset and|
|00001190| 20 69 6e 74 65 72 72 75 | 70 74 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | interru|pts.....|
|000011a0| 20 36 2e 20 46 6c 61 67 | 73 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 | 6. Flag|s after |
|000011b0| 64 65 63 69 6d 61 6c 20 | 6f 70 65 72 61 74 69 6f |decimal |operatio|
|000011c0| 6e 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 4e 4d 4f 53 |n...    |    NMOS|
|000011d0| 3a 20 49 6e 76 61 6c 69 | 64 20 4e 2c 20 56 20 61 |: Invali|d N, V a|
|000011e0| 6e 64 20 5a 20 66 6c 61 | 67 73 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 |nd Z fla|gs...   |
|000011f0| 20 20 20 20 20 43 4d 4f | 53 3a 20 56 61 6c 69 64 |     CMO|S: Valid|
|00001200| 20 66 6c 61 67 20 61 64 | 64 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 61 | flag ad|ds one a|
|00001210| 64 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 20 63 79 63 6c 65 2e |dditiona|l cycle.|
|00001220| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 37 2e 20 | 49 6e 74 65 72 72 75 70 |.... 7. |Interrup|
|00001230| 74 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 66 |t after |fetch of|
|00001240| 20 42 52 4b 20 69 6e 73 | 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | BRK ins|truction|
|00001250| 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 4e 4d 4f 53 3a |...     |   NMOS:|
|00001260| 20 49 6e 74 65 72 72 75 | 70 74 20 76 65 63 74 6f | Interru|pt vecto|
|00001270| 72 20 69 73 20 6c 6f 61 | 64 65 64 2c 20 42 52 4b |r is loa|ded, BRK|
|00001280| 20 76 65 63 74 6f 72 20 | 69 73 20 69 67 6e 6f 72 | vector |is ignor|
|00001290| 65 64 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 43 4d 4f |ed...   |     CMO|
|000012a0| 53 3a 20 42 52 4b 20 69 | 73 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 |S: BRK i|s execut|
|000012b0| 65 64 2c 20 74 68 65 6e | 20 69 6e 74 65 72 72 75 |ed, then| interru|
|000012c0| 70 74 20 69 73 20 65 78 | 65 63 75 74 65 64 2e 0d |pt is ex|ecuted..|
|000012d0| 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |....... |        |
|000012e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 | 35 31 30 20 49 6e 73 74 |       6|510 Inst|
|000012f0| 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 54 69 6d 69 6e 67 0d 0a |ruction |Timing..|
|00001300| 0d 0a 20 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 4e 4d 4f 53 20 36 35 |..   The| NMOS 65|
|00001310| 30 30 20 73 65 72 69 65 | 73 20 75 73 65 73 20 61 |00 serie|s uses a|
|00001320| 20 73 6f 72 74 20 6f 66 | 20 70 69 70 65 6c 69 6e | sort of| pipelin|
|00001330| 69 6e 67 2e 20 49 74 20 | 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 72 |ing. It |always r|
|00001340| 65 61 64 73 20 74 77 6f | 0d 0a 20 62 79 74 65 73 |eads two|.. bytes|
|00001350| 20 66 6f 72 20 65 61 63 | 68 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 | for eac|h instru|
|00001360| 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 49 | 66 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e |ction. I|f the in|
|00001370| 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 77 61 73 20 6f 6e |structio|n was on|
|00001380| 6c 79 20 74 77 6f 20 63 | 79 63 6c 65 73 20 6c 6f |ly two c|ycles lo|
|00001390| 6e 67 2c 0d 0a 20 74 68 | 65 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 |ng,.. th|e opcode|
|000013a0| 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 | 20 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e | for the| next in|
|000013b0| 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 |structio|n can be|
|000013c0| 20 66 65 74 63 68 65 64 | 20 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 | fetched| during |
|000013d0| 74 68 65 20 74 68 69 72 | 64 20 63 79 63 6c 65 2e |the thir|d cycle.|
|000013e0| 0d 0a 20 41 73 20 6d 6f | 73 74 20 69 6e 73 74 72 |.. As mo|st instr|
|000013f0| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 61 72 65 20 74 77 6f 20 |uctions |are two |
|00001400| 6f 72 20 74 68 72 65 65 | 20 62 79 74 65 73 20 6c |or three| bytes l|
|00001410| 6f 6e 67 2c 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 69 73 20 71 75 69 |ong, thi|s is qui|
|00001420| 74 65 20 65 66 66 69 63 | 69 65 6e 74 2e 0d 0a 20 |te effic|ient... |
|00001430| 42 75 74 20 6f 6e 65 2d | 62 79 74 65 20 69 6e 73 |But one-|byte ins|
|00001440| 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 74 61 6b 65 20 74 |truction|s take t|
|00001450| 77 6f 20 63 79 63 6c 65 | 73 2c 20 65 76 65 6e 20 |wo cycle|s, even |
|00001460| 74 68 6f 75 67 68 20 74 | 68 65 79 20 63 6f 75 6c |though t|hey coul|
|00001470| 64 20 62 65 0d 0a 20 70 | 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 |d be.. p|erformed|
|00001480| 20 69 6e 20 6f 6e 65 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 54 | in one.|....   T|
|00001490| 68 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f | 77 69 6e 67 20 74 61 62 |he follo|wing tab|
|000014a0| 6c 65 73 20 73 68 6f 77 | 20 77 68 61 74 20 68 61 |les show| what ha|
|000014b0| 70 70 65 6e 73 20 6f 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 62 75 73 |ppens on| the bus|
|000014c0| 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 65 | 78 65 63 75 74 69 6e 67 | while e|xecuting|
|000014d0| 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 | 6e 74 0d 0a 20 6b 69 6e | differe|nt.. kin|
|000014e0| 64 73 20 6f 66 20 69 6e | 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f |ds of in|structio|
|000014f0| 6e 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | 74 61 62 6c 65 73 20 68 |ns. The |tables h|
|00001500| 61 76 69 6e 67 20 22 3f | 3f 3f 22 20 6d 61 72 6b |aving "?|??" mark|
|00001510| 73 20 61 74 20 61 6e 79 | 20 63 79 63 6c 65 20 6d |s at any| cycle m|
|00001520| 61 79 20 62 65 0d 0a 20 | 74 6f 74 61 6c 6c 79 20 |ay be.. |totally |
|00001530| 77 72 6f 6e 67 2c 20 62 | 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 72 |wrong, b|ut the r|
|00001540| 65 73 74 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 62 65 20 61 62 |est shou|ld be ab|
|00001550| 73 6f 6c 75 74 65 6c 79 | 20 61 63 63 75 72 61 74 |solutely| accurat|
|00001560| 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 49 6e 74 65 72 72 |e.......|  Interr|
|00001570| 75 70 74 73 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 4e 4d 49 |upts....|     NMI|
|00001580| 20 61 6e 64 20 49 52 51 | 20 62 6f 74 68 20 74 61 | and IRQ| both ta|
|00001590| 6b 65 20 37 20 63 79 63 | 6c 65 73 2e 20 54 68 65 |ke 7 cyc|les. The|
|000015a0| 69 72 20 74 69 6d 69 6e | 67 20 64 69 61 67 72 61 |ir timin|g diagra|
|000015b0| 6d 20 69 73 20 6d 75 63 | 68 20 6c 69 6b 65 0d 0a |m is muc|h like..|
|000015c0| 20 20 20 20 20 42 52 4b | 27 73 2e 20 49 52 51 20 |     BRK|'s. IRQ |
|000015d0| 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 | 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 64 |will be |executed|
|000015e0| 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 77 68 | 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 49 | only wh|en the I|
|000015f0| 20 66 6c 61 67 20 69 73 | 20 63 6c 65 61 72 2e 0d | flag is| clear..|
|00001600| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 |.     Th|e proces|
|00001610| 73 6f 72 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 75 73 75 61 6c 6c 79 |sor will| usually|
|00001620| 20 77 61 69 74 20 66 6f | 72 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 | wait fo|r the cu|
|00001630| 72 72 65 6e 74 20 69 6e | 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f |rrent in|structio|
|00001640| 6e 20 74 6f 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c |n to..  |   compl|
|00001650| 65 74 65 20 62 65 66 6f | 72 65 20 65 78 65 63 75 |ete befo|re execu|
|00001660| 74 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 69 6e 74 65 72 72 75 |ting the| interru|
|00001670| 70 74 20 73 65 71 75 65 | 6e 63 65 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a |pt seque|nce.....|
|00001680| 20 20 20 20 20 54 68 65 | 72 65 20 69 73 20 6f 6e |     The|re is on|
|00001690| 65 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 74 |e except|ion to t|
|000016a0| 68 69 73 20 72 75 6c 65 | 3a 20 49 66 20 61 20 4e |his rule|: If a N|
|000016b0| 4d 49 20 6f 63 63 75 72 | 73 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 |MI occur|s while |
|000016c0| 74 68 65 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 |the..   |  proces|
|000016d0| 73 6f 72 20 69 73 20 65 | 78 65 63 75 74 69 6e 67 |sor is e|xecuting|
|000016e0| 20 61 20 42 52 4b 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 74 77 6f 20 | a BRK, |the two |
|000016f0| 69 6e 74 65 72 72 75 70 | 74 73 20 6d 61 79 20 74 |interrup|ts may t|
|00001700| 61 6b 65 20 37 20 74 6f | 20 31 34 0d 0a 20 20 20 |ake 7 to| 14..   |
|00001710| 20 20 63 79 63 6c 65 73 | 20 74 6f 20 65 78 65 63 |  cycles| to exec|
|00001720| 75 74 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f |ute, and| the pro|
|00001730| 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 6d | 61 79 20 74 6f 74 61 6c |cessor m|ay total|
|00001740| 6c 79 20 6c 6f 73 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 42 52 4b 0d |ly lose |the BRK.|
|00001750| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 69 6e | 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f |.     in|structio|
|00001760| 6e 2e 20 50 72 6f 62 61 | 62 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 |n. Proba|bly the |
|00001770| 72 65 73 75 6c 74 73 20 | 61 72 65 20 73 69 6d 69 |results |are simi|
|00001780| 6c 61 72 20 61 6c 73 6f | 20 77 69 74 68 20 49 52 |lar also| with IR|
|00001790| 51 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 4d 61 72 6b 6f 20 4d |Q...    | Marko M|
|000017a0| 22 61 6b 65 6c 22 61 20 | 65 78 70 65 72 69 6d 65 |"akel"a |experime|
|000017b0| 6e 74 65 64 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 42 52 4b 2f 4e 4d |nted wit|h BRK/NM|
|000017c0| 49 2c 20 62 75 74 20 68 | 65 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 |I, but h|e still |
|000017d0| 68 61 73 6e 27 74 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 61 6e 61 |hasn't..|     ana|
|000017e0| 6c 79 7a 65 64 20 74 68 | 65 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 |lyzed th|e result|
|000017f0| 73 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 52 45 53 45 54 |s.....  |   RESET|
|00001800| 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f | 74 20 70 75 73 68 20 70 | does no|t push p|
|00001810| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 63 | 6f 75 6e 74 65 72 20 6f |rogram c|ounter o|
|00001820| 6e 20 73 74 61 63 6b 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 77 65 20 |n stack,| and we |
|00001830| 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 20 68 6f 77 0d 0a |don't kn|ow how..|
|00001840| 20 20 20 20 20 6c 6f 6e | 67 20 69 74 20 6c 61 73 |     lon|g it las|
|00001850| 74 73 2e 20 42 75 74 20 | 77 65 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 |ts. But |we know |
|00001860| 74 68 61 74 20 52 45 53 | 45 54 20 70 72 65 73 65 |that RES|ET prese|
|00001870| 72 76 65 73 20 61 6c 6c | 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 |rves all| registe|
|00001880| 72 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 28 65 78 63 65 70 74 |rs..    | (except|
|00001890| 20 50 43 29 2e 0d 0a 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 63 63 | PC)....|...  Acc|
|000018a0| 75 6d 75 6c 61 74 6f 72 | 20 6f 72 20 69 6d 70 6c |umulator| or impl|
|000018b0| 69 65 64 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 69 6e 67 0d 0a |ied addr|essing..|
|000018c0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 42 | 52 4b 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |..     B|RK....  |
|000018d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |      # | address|
|000018e0| 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | R/W des|cription|
|000018f0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |..      | --- ---|
|00001900| 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |---- ---| -------|
|00001910| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001920| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001930| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |--------|..      |
|00001940| 20 20 31 20 20 20 20 50 | 43 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 |  1    P|C     R |
|00001950| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f | 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 | fetch o|pcode, i|
|00001960| 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 50 43 0d 0a 20 20 20 |ncrement| PC..   |
|00001970| 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 | 20 20 50 43 20 20 20 20 |     2  |  PC    |
|00001980| 20 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 | 20 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e | R  read| next in|
|00001990| 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 62 79 74 65 20 28 |structio|n byte (|
|000019a0| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 72 6f | 77 20 69 74 20 61 77 61 |and thro|w it awa|
|000019b0| 79 29 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |y),..   |        |
|000019c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 69 6e 63 72 |        |    incr|
|000019d0| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 | 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ement PC|R..     |
|000019e0| 20 20 20 33 20 20 24 30 | 31 30 30 2c 53 20 20 57 |   3  $0|100,S  W|
|000019f0| 20 20 70 75 73 68 20 50 | 43 48 20 6f 6e 20 73 74 |  push P|CH on st|
|00001a00| 61 63 6b 20 28 77 69 74 | 68 20 42 20 66 6c 61 67 |ack (wit|h B flag|
|00001a10| 20 73 65 74 29 2c 20 64 | 65 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | set), d|ecrement|
|00001a20| 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 24 | S..    |    4  $|
|00001a30| 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 20 | 57 20 20 70 75 73 68 20 |0100,S  |W  push |
|00001a40| 50 43 4c 20 6f 6e 20 73 | 74 61 63 6b 2c 20 64 65 |PCL on s|tack, de|
|00001a50| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |crement |S..     |
|00001a60| 20 20 20 35 20 20 24 30 | 31 30 30 2c 53 20 20 57 |   5  $0|100,S  W|
|00001a70| 20 20 70 75 73 68 20 50 | 20 6f 6e 20 73 74 61 63 |  push P| on stac|
|00001a80| 6b 2c 20 64 65 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 53 0d 0a |k, decre|ment S..|
|00001a90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 36 20 20 20 24 46 46 46 |        |6   $FFF|
|00001aa0| 45 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 50 43 4c |E   R  f|etch PCL|
|00001ab0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 37 20 20 20 24 46 |..      |  7   $F|
|00001ac0| 46 46 46 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 50 |FFF   R | fetch P|
|00001ad0| 43 48 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 52 54 49 |CH......|     RTI|
|00001ae0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 61 |....    |    #  a|
|00001af0| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 52 | 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 |ddress R|/W descr|
|00001b00| 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |iption..|       -|
|00001b10| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |-- -----|-- --- -|
|00001b20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001b30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001b40| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a |--------|------..|
|00001b50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |        |1    PCR|
|00001b60| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 |    R  f|etch opc|
|00001b70| 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 |ode, inc|rement P|
|00001b80| 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 |CR..    |    2   |
|00001b90| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 | PCR    |R  read |
|00001ba0| 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 | 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e |next ins|truction|
|00001bb0| 20 62 79 74 65 20 28 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 72 6f 77 | byte (a|nd throw|
|00001bc0| 20 69 74 20 61 77 61 79 | 29 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | it away|),..    |
|00001bd0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00001be0| 20 20 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |   incre|ment PCR|
|00001bf0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 20 20 24 30 31 |..      |  3  $01|
|00001c00| 30 30 2c 53 20 20 52 20 | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 |00,S  R | increme|
|00001c10| 6e 74 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 |nt S..  |      4 |
|00001c20| 20 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 | 20 20 52 20 20 70 75 6c | $0100,S|  R  pul|
|00001c30| 6c 20 50 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 73 74 61 63 6b 2c 20 |l P from| stack, |
|00001c40| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 |incremen|t S..   |
|00001c50| 20 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 | 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 |     5  |$0100,S |
|00001c60| 20 52 20 20 70 75 6c 6c | 20 50 43 4c 20 66 72 6f | R  pull| PCL fro|
|00001c70| 6d 20 73 74 61 63 6b 2c | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 |m stack,| increme|
|00001c80| 6e 74 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 20 |nt S..  |      6 |
|00001c90| 20 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 | 20 20 52 20 20 70 75 6c | $0100,S|  R  pul|
|00001ca0| 6c 20 50 43 48 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 73 74 61 63 6b |l PCH fr|om stack|
|00001cb0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 52 54 53 0d 0a |......  |   RTS..|
|00001cc0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 23 20 20 61 64 64 |..      |  #  add|
|00001cd0| 72 65 73 73 20 52 2f 57 | 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 |ress R/W| descrip|
|00001ce0| 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d |tion..  |     ---|
|00001cf0| 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | -------| --- ---|
|00001d00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001d10| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001d20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 |--------|----..  |
|00001d30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 | 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 |      1 |   PCR  |
|00001d40| 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 |  R  fet|ch opcod|
|00001d50| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|00001d60| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 50 |..      |  2    P|
|00001d70| 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 72 65 61 64 20 6e 65 |CR    R | read ne|
|00001d80| 78 74 20 69 6e 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 |xt instr|uction b|
|00001d90| 79 74 65 20 28 61 6e 64 | 20 74 68 72 6f 77 20 69 |yte (and| throw i|
|00001da0| 74 20 61 77 61 79 29 2c | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |t away),|..      |
|00001db0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00001dc0| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | increme|nt PCR..|
|00001dd0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 33 20 20 24 30 31 30 30 |        |3  $0100|
|00001de0| 2c 53 20 20 52 20 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |,S  R  i|ncrement|
|00001df0| 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 24 | S..    |    4  $|
|00001e00| 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 20 | 52 20 20 70 75 6c 6c 20 |0100,S  |R  pull |
|00001e10| 50 43 4c 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 73 74 61 63 6b 2c 20 |PCL from| stack, |
|00001e20| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 |incremen|t S..   |
|00001e30| 20 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 | 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 |     5  |$0100,S |
|00001e40| 20 52 20 20 70 75 6c 6c | 20 50 43 48 20 66 72 6f | R  pull| PCH fro|
|00001e50| 6d 20 73 74 61 63 6b 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |m stack.|.       |
|00001e60| 20 36 20 20 20 20 50 43 | 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 6    PC|R    R  |
|00001e70| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 0d |incremen|t PCR...|
|00001e80| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 50 48 41 2c 20 50 48 50 |...     |PHA, PHP|
|00001e90| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 61 |....    |    #  a|
|00001ea0| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 52 | 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 |ddress R|/W descr|
|00001eb0| 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |iption..|       -|
|00001ec0| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |-- -----|-- --- -|
|00001ed0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001ee0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00001ef0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a |--------|------..|
|00001f00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |        |1    PCR|
|00001f10| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 |    R  f|etch opc|
|00001f20| 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 |ode, inc|rement P|
|00001f30| 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 |CR..    |    2   |
|00001f40| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 | PCR    |R  read |
|00001f50| 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 | 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e |next ins|truction|
|00001f60| 20 62 79 74 65 20 28 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 72 6f 77 | byte (a|nd throw|
|00001f70| 20 69 74 20 61 77 61 79 | 29 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | it away|),..    |
|00001f80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00001f90| 20 20 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |   incre|ment PCR|
|00001fa0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 20 20 24 30 31 |..      |  3  $01|
|00001fb0| 30 30 2c 53 20 20 57 20 | 20 70 75 73 68 20 72 65 |00,S  W | push re|
|00001fc0| 67 69 73 74 65 72 20 6f | 6e 20 73 74 61 63 6b 2c |gister o|n stack,|
|00001fd0| 20 64 65 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 53 0d 0a 0d 0a | decreme|nt S....|
|00001fe0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 50 | 4c 41 2c 20 50 4c 50 0d |..     P|LA, PLP.|
|00001ff0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 23 20 20 61 64 |...     |   #  ad|
|00002000| 64 72 65 73 73 20 52 2f | 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 |dress R/|W descri|
|00002010| 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d |ption.. |      --|
|00002020| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |- ------|- --- --|
|00002030| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002040| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002050| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 |--------|-----.. |
|00002060| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |       1|    PCR |
|00002070| 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 | 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f |   R  fe|tch opco|
|00002080| 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 |de, incr|ement PC|
|00002090| 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 |R..     |   2    |
|000020a0| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 6e |PCR    R|  read n|
|000020b0| 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 |ext inst|ruction |
|000020c0| 62 79 74 65 20 28 61 6e | 64 20 74 68 72 6f 77 20 |byte (an|d throw |
|000020d0| 69 74 20 61 77 61 79 29 | 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |it away)|,..     |
|000020e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000020f0| 20 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d | 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d |  increm|ent PCR.|
|00002100| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 33 20 20 24 30 31 30 |.       | 3  $010|
|00002110| 30 2c 53 20 20 52 20 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |0,S  R  |incremen|
|00002120| 74 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 |t S..   |     4  |
|00002130| 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 | 20 52 20 20 70 75 6c 6c |$0100,S | R  pull|
|00002140| 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 | 72 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 73 | registe|r from s|
|00002150| 74 61 63 6b 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |tack....|        |
|00002160| 4e 6f 74 65 3a 20 54 68 | 65 20 33 72 64 20 63 79 |Note: Th|e 3rd cy|
|00002170| 63 6c 65 20 64 6f 65 73 | 20 4e 4f 54 20 72 65 61 |cle does| NOT rea|
|00002180| 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 50 | 43 52 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 |d from P|CR...   |
|00002190| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 4d 61 79 62 65 |        |   Maybe|
|000021a0| 20 69 74 20 72 65 61 64 | 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 24 | it read|s from $|
|000021b0| 30 31 30 30 2c 53 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 |0100,S..|.....   |
|000021c0| 20 20 4f 74 68 65 72 20 | 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 |  Other |instruct|
|000021d0| 69 6f 6e 73 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ions....|        |
|000021e0| 23 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 20 52 2f 57 20 64 |#  addre|ss R/W d|
|000021f0| 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 | 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |escripti|on..    |
|00002200| 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |   --- -|------ -|
|00002210| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |-- -----|--------|
|00002220| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002230| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002240| 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 20 |--..    |    1   |
|00002250| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 | PCR    |R  fetch|
|00002260| 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | opcode,| increme|
|00002270| 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nt PCR..|        |
|00002280| 32 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 72 |2    PCR|    R  r|
|00002290| 65 61 64 20 6e 65 78 74 | 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |ead next| instruc|
|000022a0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 79 74 | 65 20 28 61 6e 64 20 74 |tion byt|e (and t|
|000022b0| 68 72 6f 77 20 69 74 20 | 61 77 61 79 29 2c 0d 0a |hrow it |away),..|
|000022c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000022d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |       i|ncrement|
|000022e0| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 49 6d 6d 65 | PCR....|..  Imme|
|000022f0| 64 69 61 74 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 |diate ad|dressing|
|00002300| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 61 |....    |    #  a|
|00002310| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 52 | 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 |ddress R|/W descr|
|00002320| 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |iption..|       -|
|00002330| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |-- -----|-- --- -|
|00002340| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002350| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002360| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |--------|-..     |
|00002370| 20 20 20 31 20 20 20 20 | 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 |   1    |PCR    R|
|00002380| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 |  fetch |opcode, |
|00002390| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 |incremen|t PCR.. |
|000023a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |       2|    PCR |
|000023b0| 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 | 74 63 68 20 76 61 6c 75 |   R  fe|tch valu|
|000023c0| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|000023d0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 41 62 73 6f 6c 75 74 65 |......  |Absolute|
|000023e0| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 69 6e 67 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | address|ing.... |
|000023f0| 20 20 20 20 4a 4d 50 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |    JMP.|...     |
|00002400| 20 20 20 23 20 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 20 52 2f |   #  ad|dress R/|
|00002410| 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 | 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 |W descri|ption.. |
|00002420| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |      --|- ------|
|00002430| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- --- --|--------|
|00002440| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002450| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002460| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |-------.|.       |
|00002470| 20 31 20 20 20 20 50 43 | 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 1    PC|R    R  |
|00002480| 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 | 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e |fetch op|code, in|
|00002490| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 |crement |PCR..   |
|000024a0| 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 | 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 |     2  |  PCR   |
|000024b0| 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 | 68 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | R  fetc|h addres|
|000024c0| 73 27 73 20 6c 6f 77 20 | 62 79 74 65 20 74 6f 20 |s's low |byte to |
|000024d0| 6c 61 74 63 68 2c 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |latch, i|ncrement|
|000024e0| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 | PCR..  |      3 |
|000024f0| 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 | 20 20 52 20 20 63 6f 70 |   PCR  |  R  cop|
|00002500| 79 20 6c 61 74 63 68 20 | 74 6f 20 50 43 4c 2c 20 |y latch |to PCL, |
|00002510| 66 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 27 73 20 |fetch ad|dress's |
|00002520| 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 | 65 20 74 6f 0d 0a 20 20 |high byt|e to..  |
|00002530| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00002540| 20 20 20 20 20 6c 61 74 | 63 68 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 |     lat|ch, incr|
|00002550| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 | 52 2c 20 63 6f 70 79 20 |ement PC|R, copy |
|00002560| 6c 61 74 63 68 20 74 6f | 20 50 43 48 0d 0a 0d 0a |latch to| PCH....|
|00002570| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 4a | 53 52 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |..     J|SR....  |
|00002580| 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |      # | address|
|00002590| 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | R/W des|cription|
|000025a0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |..      | --- ---|
|000025b0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |---- ---| -------|
|000025c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000025d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000025e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |--------|--..    |
|000025f0| 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 20 | 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 |    1   | PCR    |
|00002600| 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 | 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c |R  fetch| opcode,|
|00002610| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | increme|nt PCR..|
|00002620| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 32 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |        |2    PCR|
|00002630| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 64 |    R  f|etch add|
|00002640| 72 65 73 73 27 73 20 6c | 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 20 |ress's l|ow byte |
|00002650| 74 6f 20 6c 61 74 63 68 | 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d |to latch|, increm|
|00002660| 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ent PCR.|.       |
|00002670| 20 33 20 20 24 30 31 30 | 30 2c 53 20 20 52 20 20 | 3  $010|0,S  R  |
|00002680| 73 74 6f 72 65 20 6c 61 | 74 63 68 0d 0a 20 20 20 |store la|tch..   |
|00002690| 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 | 24 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 |     4  |$0100,S |
|000026a0| 20 57 20 20 70 75 73 68 | 20 50 43 48 20 6f 6e 20 | W  push| PCH on |
|000026b0| 73 74 61 63 6b 2c 20 64 | 65 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |stack, d|ecrement|
|000026c0| 20 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 24 | S..    |    5  $|
|000026d0| 30 31 30 30 2c 53 20 20 | 57 20 20 70 75 73 68 20 |0100,S  |W  push |
|000026e0| 50 43 4c 20 6f 6e 20 73 | 74 61 63 6b 2c 20 64 65 |PCL on s|tack, de|
|000026f0| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 53 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |crement |S..     |
|00002700| 20 20 20 36 20 20 20 20 | 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 |   6    |PCR    R|
|00002710| 20 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6c | 61 74 63 68 20 74 6f 20 |  copy l|atch to |
|00002720| 50 43 4c 2c 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 61 64 64 72 65 |PCL, fet|ch addre|
|00002730| 73 73 27 73 20 68 69 67 | 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 74 |ss's hig|h byte t|
|00002740| 6f 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |o..     |        |
|00002750| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 6c 61 74 63 68 2c |        |  latch,|
|00002760| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 2c 20 | increme|nt PCR, |
|00002770| 63 6f 70 79 20 6c 61 74 | 63 68 20 74 6f 20 50 43 |copy lat|ch to PC|
|00002780| 48 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 52 65 61 64 |H...... |    Read|
|00002790| 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 4c | instruc|tions (L|
|000027a0| 44 41 2c 20 4c 44 58 2c | 20 4c 44 59 2c 20 45 4f |DA, LDX,| LDY, EO|
|000027b0| 52 2c 20 41 4e 44 2c 20 | 4f 52 41 2c 20 41 44 43 |R, AND, |ORA, ADC|
|000027c0| 2c 20 53 42 43 2c 20 43 | 4d 50 2c 20 42 49 54 2c |, SBC, C|MP, BIT,|
|000027d0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..      |        |
|000027e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 4c 41 58 2c 20 4e |        |  LAX, N|
|000027f0| 4f 50 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 |OP).... |       #|
|00002800| 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 |  addres|s R/W de|
|00002810| 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |scriptio|n..     |
|00002820| 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |  --- --|----- --|
|00002830| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- ------|--------|
|00002840| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002850| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 |--------|----..  |
|00002860| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 | 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 |      1 |   PCR  |
|00002870| 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 |  R  fet|ch opcod|
|00002880| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|00002890| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 50 |..      |  2    P|
|000028a0| 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6c |CR    R | fetch l|
|000028b0| 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 61 64 64 72 65 |ow byte |of addre|
|000028c0| 73 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 |ss, incr|ement PC|
|000028d0| 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 33 20 20 20 20 |R..     |   3    |
|000028e0| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |PCR    R|  fetch |
|000028f0| 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 | 65 20 6f 66 20 61 64 64 |high byt|e of add|
|00002900| 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |ress, in|crement |
|00002910| 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 |PCR..   |     4  |
|00002920| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 20 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 |address | R  read|
|00002930| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 | from ef|fective |
|00002940| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 |address.|.....   |
|00002950| 20 20 52 65 61 64 2d 4d | 6f 64 69 66 79 2d 57 72 |  Read-M|odify-Wr|
|00002960| 69 74 65 20 69 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 |ite inst|ructions|
|00002970| 20 28 41 53 4c 2c 20 4c | 53 52 2c 20 52 4f 4c 2c | (ASL, L|SR, ROL,|
|00002980| 20 52 4f 52 2c 20 49 4e | 43 2c 20 44 45 43 2c 0d | ROR, IN|C, DEC,.|
|00002990| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       |        |
|000029a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000029b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 53 4c | 4f 2c 20 53 52 45 2c 20 |      SL|O, SRE, |
|000029c0| 52 4c 41 2c 20 52 52 41 | 2c 20 49 53 42 2c 20 44 |RLA, RRA|, ISB, D|
|000029d0| 43 50 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 |CP).... |       #|
|000029e0| 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 |  addres|s R/W de|
|000029f0| 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |scriptio|n..     |
|00002a00| 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |  --- --|----- --|
|00002a10| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- ------|--------|
|00002a20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002a30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 |--------|----..  |
|00002a40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 | 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 |      1 |   PCR  |
|00002a50| 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 |  R  fet|ch opcod|
|00002a60| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|00002a70| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 50 |..      |  2    P|
|00002a80| 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6c |CR    R | fetch l|
|00002a90| 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 61 64 64 72 65 |ow byte |of addre|
|00002aa0| 73 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 |ss, incr|ement PC|
|00002ab0| 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 33 20 20 20 20 |R..     |   3    |
|00002ac0| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |PCR    R|  fetch |
|00002ad0| 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 | 65 20 6f 66 20 61 64 64 |high byt|e of add|
|00002ae0| 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |ress, in|crement |
|00002af0| 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 |PCR..   |     4  |
|00002b00| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 20 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 |address | R  read|
|00002b10| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 | from ef|fective |
|00002b20| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |address.|.       |
|00002b30| 20 35 20 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 20 57 20 20 | 5  addr|ess  W  |
|00002b40| 77 72 69 74 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 |write th|e value |
|00002b50| 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 |back to |effectiv|
|00002b60| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |e addres|s,..    |
|00002b70| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00002b80| 20 20 20 61 6e 64 20 64 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6f 70 |   and d|o the op|
|00002b90| 65 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 6e 20 69 74 0d 0a 20 |eration |on it.. |
|00002ba0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 | 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |       6|  addres|
|00002bb0| 73 20 20 57 20 20 77 72 | 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 |s  W  wr|ite the |
|00002bc0| 6e 65 77 20 76 61 6c 75 | 65 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 |new valu|e to eff|
|00002bd0| 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a |ective a|ddress..|
|00002be0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 57 72 69 74 65 20 69 |....    | Write i|
|00002bf0| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 28 53 54 41 |nstructi|ons (STA|
|00002c00| 2c 20 53 54 58 2c 20 53 | 54 59 2c 20 53 41 58 29 |, STX, S|TY, SAX)|
|00002c10| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..    ..|        |
|00002c20| 23 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 20 52 2f 57 20 64 |#  addre|ss R/W d|
|00002c30| 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 | 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |escripti|on..    |
|00002c40| 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |   --- -|------ -|
|00002c50| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |-- -----|--------|
|00002c60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002c70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 |--------|-----.. |
|00002c80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |       1|    PCR |
|00002c90| 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 | 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f |   R  fe|tch opco|
|00002ca0| 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 |de, incr|ement PC|
|00002cb0| 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 |R..     |   2    |
|00002cc0| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |PCR    R|  fetch |
|00002cd0| 6c 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 | 20 6f 66 20 61 64 64 72 |low byte| of addr|
|00002ce0| 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 |ess, inc|rement P|
|00002cf0| 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 33 20 20 20 |CR..    |    3   |
|00002d00| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 | PCR    |R  fetch|
|00002d10| 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 | 74 65 20 6f 66 20 61 64 | high by|te of ad|
|00002d20| 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |dress, i|ncrement|
|00002d30| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 | PCR..  |      4 |
|00002d40| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 | address|  W  wri|
|00002d50| 74 65 20 72 65 67 69 73 | 74 65 72 20 74 6f 20 65 |te regis|ter to e|
|00002d60| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|00002d70| 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 5a 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 |......  |Zero pag|
|00002d80| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 69 6e 67 0d 0a 0d 0a |e addres|sing....|
|00002d90| 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 61 | 64 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 |     Rea|d instru|
|00002da0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 | 4c 44 41 2c 20 4c 44 58 |ctions (|LDA, LDX|
|00002db0| 2c 20 4c 44 59 2c 20 45 | 4f 52 2c 20 41 4e 44 2c |, LDY, E|OR, AND,|
|00002dc0| 20 4f 52 41 2c 20 41 44 | 43 2c 20 53 42 43 2c 20 | ORA, AD|C, SBC, |
|00002dd0| 43 4d 50 2c 20 42 49 54 | 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |CMP, BIT|,..     |
|00002de0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00002df0| 20 20 20 4c 41 58 2c 20 | 4e 4f 50 29 0d 0a 0d 0a |   LAX, |NOP)....|
|00002e00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 23 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 |        |#  addre|
|00002e10| 73 73 20 52 2f 57 20 64 | 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 |ss R/W d|escripti|
|00002e20| 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |on..    |   --- -|
|00002e30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |------ -|-- -----|
|00002e40| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002e50| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002e60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 |-----.. |       1|
|00002e70| 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 | 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 |    PCR |   R  fe|
|00002e80| 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f | 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 |tch opco|de, incr|
|00002e90| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 | 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ement PC|R..     |
|00002ea0| 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 | 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 52 |   2    |PCR    R|
|00002eb0| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c |  fetch |address,|
|00002ec0| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | increme|nt PCR..|
|00002ed0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 33 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 |        |3  addre|
|00002ee0| 73 73 20 20 52 20 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d |ss  R  r|ead from|
|00002ef0| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00002f00| 73 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 61 |ss......|     Rea|
|00002f10| 64 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 79 | 2d 57 72 69 74 65 20 69 |d-Modify|-Write i|
|00002f20| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 28 41 53 4c |nstructi|ons (ASL|
|00002f30| 2c 20 4c 53 52 2c 20 52 | 4f 4c 2c 20 52 4f 52 2c |, LSR, R|OL, ROR,|
|00002f40| 20 49 4e 43 2c 20 44 45 | 43 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | INC, DE|C,..    |
|00002f50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00002f60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00002f70| 20 53 4c 4f 2c 20 53 52 | 45 2c 20 52 4c 41 2c 20 | SLO, SR|E, RLA, |
|00002f80| 52 52 41 2c 20 49 53 42 | 2c 20 44 43 50 29 0d 0a |RRA, ISB|, DCP)..|
|00002f90| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 23 20 20 61 64 64 |..      |  #  add|
|00002fa0| 72 65 73 73 20 52 2f 57 | 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 |ress R/W| descrip|
|00002fb0| 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d |tion..  |     ---|
|00002fc0| 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | -------| --- ---|
|00002fd0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002fe0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00002ff0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |-------.|.       |
|00003000| 20 31 20 20 20 20 50 43 | 52 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 1    PC|R    R  |
|00003010| 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 | 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e |fetch op|code, in|
|00003020| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 |crement |PCR..   |
|00003030| 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 | 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 |     2  |  PCR   |
|00003040| 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 | 68 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | R  fetc|h addres|
|00003050| 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |s, incre|ment PCR|
|00003060| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 20 20 61 64 64 |..      |  3  add|
|00003070| 72 65 73 73 20 20 52 20 | 20 72 65 61 64 20 66 72 |ress  R | read fr|
|00003080| 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 |om effec|tive add|
|00003090| 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 |ress..  |      4 |
|000030a0| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 | address|  W  wri|
|000030b0| 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 76 | 61 6c 75 65 20 62 61 63 |te the v|alue bac|
|000030c0| 6b 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |k to eff|ective a|
|000030d0| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress,.|.       |
|000030e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000030f0| 61 6e 64 20 64 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 6f 70 65 72 61 |and do t|he opera|
|00003100| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 | 69 74 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |tion on |it..    |
|00003110| 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 |    5  a|ddress  |
|00003120| 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 |W  write| the new|
|00003130| 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 74 | 6f 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | value t|o effect|
|00003140| 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d |ive addr|ess.....|
|00003150| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 57 72 | 69 74 65 20 69 6e 73 74 |.     Wr|ite inst|
|00003160| 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 28 53 54 41 2c 20 53 |ructions| (STA, S|
|00003170| 54 58 2c 20 53 54 59 2c | 20 53 41 58 29 0d 0a 20 |TX, STY,| SAX).. |
|00003180| 20 20 20 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 |   ..   |     #  |
|00003190| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 |address |R/W desc|
|000031a0| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ription.|.       |
|000031b0| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 |--- ----|--- --- |
|000031c0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000031d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000031e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |--------|--..    |
|000031f0| 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 20 | 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 |    1   | PCR    |
|00003200| 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 | 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c |R  fetch| opcode,|
|00003210| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | increme|nt PCR..|
|00003220| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 32 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |        |2    PCR|
|00003230| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 64 |    R  f|etch add|
|00003240| 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |ress, in|crement |
|00003250| 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 20 |PCR..   |     3  |
|00003260| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 |address | W  writ|
|00003270| 65 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 | 65 72 20 74 6f 20 65 66 |e regist|er to ef|
|00003280| 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d |fective |address.|
|00003290| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 5a 65 72 | 6f 20 70 61 67 65 20 69 |...  Zer|o page i|
|000032a0| 6e 64 65 78 65 64 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 69 6e |ndexed a|ddressin|
|000032b0| 67 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 52 65 61 64 20 69 |g....   |  Read i|
|000032c0| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 28 4c 44 41 |nstructi|ons (LDA|
|000032d0| 2c 20 4c 44 58 2c 20 4c | 44 59 2c 20 45 4f 52 2c |, LDX, L|DY, EOR,|
|000032e0| 20 41 4e 44 2c 20 4f 52 | 41 2c 20 41 44 43 2c 20 | AND, OR|A, ADC, |
|000032f0| 53 42 43 2c 20 43 4d 50 | 2c 20 42 49 54 2c 0d 0a |SBC, CMP|, BIT,..|
|00003300| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003310| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 4c 41 58 2c 20 4e 4f 50 |        |LAX, NOP|
|00003320| 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 |)....   |     #  |
|00003330| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 | address|  R/W de|
|00003340| 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |scriptio|n..     |
|00003350| 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 |  --- --|------- |
|00003360| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--- ----|--------|
|00003370| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003380| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a |--------|------..|
|00003390| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 |        |1     PC|
|000033a0| 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f |R     R | fetch o|
|000033b0| 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |pcode, i|ncrement|
|000033c0| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 | PCR..  |      2 |
|000033d0| 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 | 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 |    PCR |    R  f|
|000033e0| 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e |etch add|ress, in|
|000033f0| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 |crement |PCR..   |
|00003400| 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |     3  | address|
|00003410| 20 20 20 52 20 20 72 65 | 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |   R  re|ad from |
|00003420| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c | 20 61 64 64 20 69 6e 64 |address,| add ind|
|00003430| 65 78 20 72 65 67 69 73 | 74 65 72 20 74 6f 20 69 |ex regis|ter to i|
|00003440| 74 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 34 20 20 61 64 |t..     |   4  ad|
|00003450| 64 72 65 73 73 2b 49 2a | 20 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 |dress+I*| R  read|
|00003460| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 | from ef|fective |
|00003470| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |address.|...     |
|00003480| 20 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a | 20 49 20 64 65 6e 6f 74 |  Notes:| I denot|
|00003490| 65 73 20 65 69 74 68 65 | 72 20 69 6e 64 65 78 20 |es eithe|r index |
|000034a0| 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 | 20 28 58 20 6f 72 20 59 |register| (X or Y|
|000034b0| 29 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |).....  |        |
|000034c0| 20 20 20 20 2a 20 54 68 | 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 |    * Th|e high b|
|000034d0| 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 |yte of t|he effec|
|000034e0| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 69 73 20 |tive add|ress is |
|000034f0| 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 7a | 65 72 6f 2c 0d 0a 20 20 |always z|ero,..  |
|00003500| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 69 2e |        |      i.|
|00003510| 65 2e 20 70 61 67 65 20 | 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 79 |e. page |boundary|
|00003520| 20 63 72 6f 73 73 69 6e | 67 73 20 61 72 65 20 6e | crossin|gs are n|
|00003530| 6f 74 20 68 61 6e 64 6c | 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d |ot handl|ed......|
|00003540| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 | 61 64 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 |.     Re|ad-Modif|
|00003550| 79 2d 57 72 69 74 65 20 | 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 |y-Write |instruct|
|00003560| 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 41 53 | 4c 2c 20 4c 53 52 2c 20 |ions (AS|L, LSR, |
|00003570| 52 4f 4c 2c 20 52 4f 52 | 2c 20 49 4e 43 2c 20 44 |ROL, ROR|, INC, D|
|00003580| 45 43 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |EC,..   |        |
|00003590| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000035a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 53 4c 4f 2c 20 53 |        |  SLO, S|
|000035b0| 52 45 2c 20 52 4c 41 2c | 20 52 52 41 2c 20 49 53 |RE, RLA,| RRA, IS|
|000035c0| 42 2c 20 44 43 50 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |B, DCP).|...     |
|000035d0| 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 |   #   a|ddress  |
|000035e0| 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 | 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d |R/W desc|ription.|
|000035f0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d |.       |--- ----|
|00003600| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |----- --|- ------|
|00003610| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003620| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003630| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |-------.|.       |
|00003640| 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 50 | 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 | 1     P|CR     R|
|00003650| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 |  fetch |opcode, |
|00003660| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 |incremen|t PCR.. |
|00003670| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 | 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |       2|     PCR|
|00003680| 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 |     R  |fetch ad|
|00003690| 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |dress, i|ncrement|
|000036a0| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 | PCR..  |      3 |
|000036b0| 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 20 20 52 20 20 72 |  addres|s   R  r|
|000036c0| 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ead from| address|
|000036d0| 2c 20 61 64 64 20 69 6e | 64 65 78 20 72 65 67 69 |, add in|dex regi|
|000036e0| 73 74 65 72 20 58 20 74 | 6f 20 69 74 0d 0a 20 20 |ster X t|o it..  |
|000036f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |      4 | address|
|00003700| 2b 58 2a 20 52 20 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d |+X* R  r|ead from|
|00003710| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00003720| 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 61 |ss..    |    5  a|
|00003730| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2b 58 | 2a 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 |ddress+X|* W  wri|
|00003740| 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 76 | 61 6c 75 65 20 62 61 63 |te the v|alue bac|
|00003750| 6b 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |k to eff|ective a|
|00003760| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress,.|.       |
|00003770| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003780| 20 20 61 6e 64 20 64 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 6f 70 65 |  and do| the ope|
|00003790| 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 6e 20 69 74 0d 0a 20 20 |ration o|n it..  |
|000037a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |      6 | address|
|000037b0| 2b 58 2a 20 57 20 20 77 | 72 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 |+X* W  w|rite the|
|000037c0| 20 6e 65 77 20 76 61 6c | 75 65 20 74 6f 20 65 66 | new val|ue to ef|
|000037d0| 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d |fective |address.|
|000037e0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 4e 6f 74 65 3a 20 |...     |  Note: |
|000037f0| 2a 20 54 68 65 20 68 69 | 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 |* The hi|gh byte |
|00003800| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 |of the e|ffective|
|00003810| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 69 73 20 61 6c 77 61 | address| is alwa|
|00003820| 79 73 20 7a 65 72 6f 2c | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ys zero,|..      |
|00003830| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 70 61 |        | i.e. pa|
|00003840| 67 65 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 | 61 72 79 20 63 72 6f 73 |ge bound|ary cros|
|00003850| 73 69 6e 67 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 68 61 |sings ar|e not ha|
|00003860| 6e 64 6c 65 64 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |ndled...|....    |
|00003870| 20 57 72 69 74 65 20 69 | 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | Write i|nstructi|
|00003880| 6f 6e 73 20 28 53 54 41 | 2c 20 53 54 58 2c 20 53 |ons (STA|, STX, S|
|00003890| 54 59 2c 20 53 41 58 29 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |TY, SAX)|....    |
|000038a0| 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 |    #   |address |
|000038b0| 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | R/W des|cription|
|000038c0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |..      | --- ---|
|000038d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |------ -|-- -----|
|000038e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000038f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003900| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |------..|        |
|00003910| 31 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 | 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 |1     PC|R     R |
|00003920| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f | 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 | fetch o|pcode, i|
|00003930| 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 |ncrement| PCR..  |
|00003940| 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |      2 |    PCR |
|00003950| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 61 64 64 |    R  f|etch add|
|00003960| 72 65 73 73 2c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |ress, in|crement |
|00003970| 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 20 |PCR..   |     3  |
|00003980| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 20 20 52 20 20 72 65 | address|   R  re|
|00003990| 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c |ad from |address,|
|000039a0| 20 61 64 64 20 69 6e 64 | 65 78 20 72 65 67 69 73 | add ind|ex regis|
|000039b0| 74 65 72 20 74 6f 20 69 | 74 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ter to i|t..     |
|000039c0| 20 20 20 34 20 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2b 49 2a |   4  ad|dress+I*|
|000039d0| 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 | 65 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 | W  writ|e to eff|
|000039e0| 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a |ective a|ddress..|
|000039f0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 |..      | Notes: |
|00003a00| 49 20 64 65 6e 6f 74 65 | 73 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 |I denote|s either|
|00003a10| 20 69 6e 64 65 78 20 72 | 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 20 | index r|egister |
|00003a20| 28 58 20 6f 72 20 59 29 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 |(X or Y)|.....   |
|00003a30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 2a 20 54 68 65 |        |   * The|
|00003a40| 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 | 74 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | high by|te of th|
|00003a50| 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 |e effect|ive addr|
|00003a60| 65 73 73 20 69 73 20 61 | 6c 77 61 79 73 20 7a 65 |ess is a|lways ze|
|00003a70| 72 6f 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ro,..   |        |
|00003a80| 20 20 20 20 20 69 2e 65 | 2e 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 |     i.e|. page b|
|00003a90| 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 79 20 | 63 72 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 |oundary |crossing|
|00003aa0| 73 20 61 72 65 20 6e 6f | 74 20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 |s are no|t handle|
|00003ab0| 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 41 62 73 6f 6c 75 |d.......|  Absolu|
|00003ac0| 74 65 20 69 6e 64 65 78 | 65 64 20 61 64 64 72 65 |te index|ed addre|
|00003ad0| 73 73 69 6e 67 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 |ssing...|.     Re|
|00003ae0| 61 64 20 69 6e 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |ad instr|uctions |
|00003af0| 28 4c 44 41 2c 20 4c 44 | 58 2c 20 4c 44 59 2c 20 |(LDA, LD|X, LDY, |
|00003b00| 45 4f 52 2c 20 41 4e 44 | 2c 20 4f 52 41 2c 20 41 |EOR, AND|, ORA, A|
|00003b10| 44 43 2c 20 53 42 43 2c | 20 43 4d 50 2c 20 42 49 |DC, SBC,| CMP, BI|
|00003b20| 54 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |T,..    |        |
|00003b30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 4c 41 58 2c |        |    LAX,|
|00003b40| 20 4c 41 45 2c 20 53 48 | 53 2c 20 4e 4f 50 29 0d | LAE, SH|S, NOP).|
|00003b50| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 61 |...     |   #   a|
|00003b60| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 | 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 |ddress  |R/W desc|
|00003b70| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ription.|.       |
|00003b80| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |--- ----|----- --|
|00003b90| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- ------|--------|
|00003ba0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003bb0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 |--------|----..  |
|00003bc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |      1 |    PCR |
|00003bd0| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 |    R  f|etch opc|
|00003be0| 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 |ode, inc|rement P|
|00003bf0| 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 |CR..    |    2   |
|00003c00| 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 | 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 |  PCR   |  R  fet|
|00003c10| 63 68 20 6c 6f 77 20 62 | 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 61 |ch low b|yte of a|
|00003c20| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |ddress, |incremen|
|00003c30| 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 |t PCR.. |       3|
|00003c40| 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 |     PCR|     R  |
|00003c50| 66 65 74 63 68 20 68 69 | 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 |fetch hi|gh byte |
|00003c60| 6f 66 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 |of addre|ss,..   |
|00003c70| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003c80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 64 | 64 20 69 6e 64 65 78 20 |      ad|d index |
|00003c90| 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 | 20 74 6f 20 6c 6f 77 20 |register| to low |
|00003ca0| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 62 79 74 65 2c 0d 0a 20 |address |byte,.. |
|00003cb0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003cc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |        |incremen|
|00003cd0| 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 |t PCR.. |       4|
|00003ce0| 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 2b 49 2a 20 52 20 20 |  addres|s+I* R  |
|00003cf0| 72 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 |read fro|m effect|
|00003d00| 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 |ive addr|ess,..  |
|00003d10| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003d20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 66 | 69 78 20 74 68 65 20 68 |       f|ix the h|
|00003d30| 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 | 20 6f 66 20 65 66 66 65 |igh byte| of effe|
|00003d40| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 |ctive ad|dress.. |
|00003d50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 | 2b 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |       4|+ addres|
|00003d60| 73 2b 49 20 20 52 20 20 | 72 65 2d 72 65 61 64 20 |s+I  R  |re-read |
|00003d70| 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |from eff|ective a|
|00003d80| 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress..|..      |
|00003d90| 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 | 49 20 64 65 6e 6f 74 65 | Notes: |I denote|
|00003da0| 73 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 | 20 69 6e 64 65 78 20 72 |s either| index r|
|00003db0| 65 67 69 73 74 65 72 20 | 28 58 20 6f 72 20 59 29 |egister |(X or Y)|
|00003dc0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.....   |        |
|00003dd0| 20 20 20 2a 20 54 68 65 | 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 |   * The| high by|
|00003de0| 74 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 |te of th|e effect|
|00003df0| 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 6d 61 79 20 |ive addr|ess may |
|00003e00| 62 65 20 69 6e 76 61 6c | 69 64 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |be inval|id..    |
|00003e10| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 61 74 20 74 |        |    at t|
|00003e20| 68 69 73 20 74 69 6d 65 | 2c 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 69 |his time|, i.e. i|
|00003e30| 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 | 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c 65 72 |t may be| smaller|
|00003e40| 20 62 79 20 24 31 30 30 | 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | by $100|.....   |
|00003e50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 2b 20 54 68 69 |        |   + Thi|
|00003e60| 73 20 63 79 63 6c 65 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 |s cycle |will be |
|00003e70| 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 64 | 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 69 66 |executed| only if|
|00003e80| 20 74 68 65 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | the eff|ective a|
|00003e90| 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress..|        |
|00003ea0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 77 61 73 20 69 6e 76 61 |        |was inva|
|00003eb0| 6c 69 64 20 64 75 72 69 | 6e 67 20 63 79 63 6c 65 |lid duri|ng cycle|
|00003ec0| 20 23 34 2c 20 69 2e 65 | 2e 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 | #4, i.e|. page b|
|00003ed0| 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 79 20 | 77 61 73 20 63 72 6f 73 |oundary |was cros|
|00003ee0| 73 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 52 |sed.....|..     R|
|00003ef0| 65 61 64 2d 4d 6f 64 69 | 66 79 2d 57 72 69 74 65 |ead-Modi|fy-Write|
|00003f00| 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 41 | instruc|tions (A|
|00003f10| 53 4c 2c 20 4c 53 52 2c | 20 52 4f 4c 2c 20 52 4f |SL, LSR,| ROL, RO|
|00003f20| 52 2c 20 49 4e 43 2c 20 | 44 45 43 2c 0d 0a 20 20 |R, INC, |DEC,..  |
|00003f30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003f40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003f50| 20 20 20 53 4c 4f 2c 20 | 53 52 45 2c 20 52 4c 41 |   SLO, |SRE, RLA|
|00003f60| 2c 20 52 52 41 2c 20 49 | 53 42 2c 20 44 43 50 29 |, RRA, I|SB, DCP)|
|00003f70| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 |....    |    #   |
|00003f80| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 |address | R/W des|
|00003f90| 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |cription|..      |
|00003fa0| 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | --- ---|------ -|
|00003fb0| 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |-- -----|--------|
|00003fc0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003fd0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 |--------|-----.. |
|00003fe0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |       1|    PCR |
|00003ff0| 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 |     R  |fetch op|
|00004000| 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |code, in|crement |
|00004010| 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 |PCR..   |     2  |
|00004020| 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 |  PCR   |   R  fe|
|00004030| 74 63 68 20 6c 6f 77 20 | 62 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 |tch low |byte of |
|00004040| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 |address,| increme|
|00004050| 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nt PCR..|        |
|00004060| 33 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 |3    PCR|      R |
|00004070| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 68 | 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 | fetch h|igh byte|
|00004080| 20 6f 66 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 | of addr|ess,..  |
|00004090| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000040a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 | 64 64 20 69 6e 64 65 78 |       a|dd index|
|000040b0| 20 72 65 67 69 73 74 65 | 72 20 58 20 74 6f 20 6c | registe|r X to l|
|000040c0| 6f 77 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 20 62 79 74 65 2c |ow addre|ss byte,|
|000040d0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..      |        |
|000040e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 69 6e 63 72 65 |        |   incre|
|000040f0| 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ment PCR|..      |
|00004100| 20 20 34 20 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 2b 58 2a 20 |  4  add|ress+X* |
|00004110| 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 |R  read |from eff|
|00004120| 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d |ective a|ddress,.|
|00004130| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       |        |
|00004140| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 66 69 78 20 74 68 |        |  fix th|
|00004150| 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 | 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 65 |e high b|yte of e|
|00004160| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|00004170| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 35 20 20 61 64 64 |..      |  5  add|
|00004180| 72 65 73 73 2b 58 20 20 | 52 20 20 72 65 2d 72 65 |ress+X  |R  re-re|
|00004190| 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 |ad from |effectiv|
|000041a0| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |e addres|s..     |
|000041b0| 20 20 20 36 20 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2b 58 20 |   6  ad|dress+X |
|000041c0| 20 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 | W  writ|e the va|
|000041d0| 6c 75 65 20 62 61 63 6b | 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 65 |lue back| to effe|
|000041e0| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a |ctive ad|dress,..|
|000041f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004200| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 61 6e 64 20 64 6f 20 |        | and do |
|00004210| 74 68 65 20 6f 70 65 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e |the oper|ation on|
|00004220| 20 69 74 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 37 20 20 | it..   |     7  |
|00004230| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2b | 58 20 20 57 20 20 77 72 |address+|X  W  wr|
|00004240| 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 6e 65 77 20 76 61 6c 75 |ite the |new valu|
|00004250| 65 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |e to eff|ective a|
|00004260| 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress..|..      |
|00004270| 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 | 2a 20 54 68 65 20 68 69 | Notes: |* The hi|
|00004280| 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 |gh byte |of the e|
|00004290| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|000042a0| 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 64 0d | may be |invalid.|
|000042b0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       |        |
|000042c0| 20 61 74 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 69 | at this| time, i|
|000042d0| 2e 65 2e 20 69 74 20 6d | 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 6d |.e. it m|ay be sm|
|000042e0| 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 62 79 | 20 24 31 30 30 2e 0d 0a |aller by| $100...|
|000042f0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 57 72 69 74 65 20 69 |....    | Write i|
|00004300| 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 28 53 54 41 |nstructi|ons (STA|
|00004310| 2c 20 53 54 58 2c 20 53 | 54 59 2c 20 53 48 41 2c |, STX, S|TY, SHA,|
|00004320| 20 53 48 58 2c 20 53 48 | 59 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | SHX, SH|Y)....  |
|00004330| 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 | 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |      # |  addres|
|00004340| 73 20 20 52 2f 57 20 64 | 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 |s  R/W d|escripti|
|00004350| 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d |on..    |   --- -|
|00004360| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |--------| --- ---|
|00004370| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004380| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004390| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |-------.|.       |
|000043a0| 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 50 | 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 | 1     P|CR     R|
|000043b0| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 |  fetch |opcode, |
|000043c0| 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 |incremen|t PCR.. |
|000043d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 | 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |       2|     PCR|
|000043e0| 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 20 6c 6f |     R  |fetch lo|
|000043f0| 77 20 62 79 74 65 20 6f | 66 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |w byte o|f addres|
|00004400| 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |s, incre|ment PCR|
|00004410| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 20 20 20 20 20 |..      |  3     |
|00004420| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 |PCR     |R  fetch|
|00004430| 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 | 74 65 20 6f 66 20 61 64 | high by|te of ad|
|00004440| 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |dress,..|        |
|00004450| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004460| 20 61 64 64 20 69 6e 64 | 65 78 20 72 65 67 69 73 | add ind|ex regis|
|00004470| 74 65 72 20 74 6f 20 6c | 6f 77 20 61 64 64 72 65 |ter to l|ow addre|
|00004480| 73 73 20 62 79 74 65 2c | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ss byte,|..      |
|00004490| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000044a0| 20 20 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |   incre|ment PCR|
|000044b0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 34 20 20 61 64 64 |..      |  4  add|
|000044c0| 72 65 73 73 2b 49 2a 20 | 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 |ress+I* |R  read |
|000044d0| 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |from eff|ective a|
|000044e0| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ddress,.|.       |
|000044f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004500| 20 20 66 69 78 20 74 68 | 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 |  fix th|e high b|
|00004510| 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 |yte of e|ffective|
|00004520| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | address|..      |
|00004530| 20 20 35 20 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 2b 49 20 20 |  5  add|ress+I  |
|00004540| 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 65 | 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 65 |W  write| to effe|
|00004550| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 0d |ctive ad|dress...|
|00004560| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 49 |.       |Notes: I|
|00004570| 20 64 65 6e 6f 74 65 73 | 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 | denotes| either |
|00004580| 69 6e 64 65 78 20 72 65 | 67 69 73 74 65 72 20 28 |index re|gister (|
|00004590| 58 20 6f 72 20 59 29 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |X or Y).|....    |
|000045a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 2a 20 54 68 65 20 |        |  * The |
|000045b0| 68 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 | 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |high byt|e of the|
|000045c0| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|000045d0| 73 73 20 6d 61 79 20 62 | 65 20 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 |ss may b|e invali|
|000045e0| 64 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |d..     |        |
|000045f0| 20 20 20 61 74 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 74 69 6d 65 2c |   at th|is time,|
|00004600| 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 69 74 | 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | i.e. it| may be |
|00004610| 73 6d 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 | 62 79 20 24 31 30 30 2e |smaller |by $100.|
|00004620| 20 42 65 63 61 75 73 65 | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | Because|..      |
|00004630| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 |        |  the pr|
|00004640| 6f 63 65 73 73 6f 72 20 | 63 61 6e 6e 6f 74 20 75 |ocessor |cannot u|
|00004650| 6e 64 6f 20 61 20 77 72 | 69 74 65 20 74 6f 20 61 |ndo a wr|ite to a|
|00004660| 6e 20 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 | 64 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |n invali|d addres|
|00004670| 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |s,..    |        |
|00004680| 20 20 20 20 69 74 20 61 | 6c 77 61 79 73 20 72 65 |    it a|lways re|
|00004690| 61 64 73 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 20 61 64 64 |ads from| the add|
|000046a0| 72 65 73 73 20 66 69 72 | 73 74 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d |ress fir|st......|
|000046b0| 0a 20 20 52 65 6c 61 74 | 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 |.  Relat|ive addr|
|000046c0| 65 73 73 69 6e 67 20 28 | 42 43 43 2c 20 42 43 53 |essing (|BCC, BCS|
|000046d0| 2c 20 42 4e 45 2c 20 42 | 45 51 2c 20 42 50 4c 2c |, BNE, B|EQ, BPL,|
|000046e0| 20 42 4d 49 2c 20 42 56 | 43 2c 20 42 56 53 29 0d | BMI, BV|C, BVS).|
|000046f0| 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 61 |...     |   #   a|
|00004700| 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 | 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 |ddress  |R/W desc|
|00004710| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ription.|.       |
|00004720| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |--- ----|----- --|
|00004730| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- ------|--------|
|00004740| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004750| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d |--------|-------.|
|00004760| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 50 |.       | 1     P|
|00004770| 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |CR     R|  fetch |
|00004780| 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |opcode, |incremen|
|00004790| 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 |t PCR.. |       2|
|000047a0| 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 |     PCR|     R  |
|000047b0| 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 | 65 72 61 6e 64 2c 20 69 |fetch op|erand, i|
|000047c0| 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 |ncrement| PCR..  |
|000047d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 20 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |      3 |    PCR |
|000047e0| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 46 | 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 63 |    R  F|etch opc|
|000047f0| 6f 64 65 20 6f 66 20 6e | 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 74 |ode of n|ext inst|
|00004800| 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 2c | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ruction,|..      |
|00004810| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004820| 20 20 20 49 66 20 62 72 | 61 6e 63 68 20 69 73 20 |   If br|anch is |
|00004830| 74 61 6b 65 6e 2c 20 61 | 64 64 20 6f 70 65 72 61 |taken, a|dd opera|
|00004840| 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 50 43 | 4c 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |nd to PC|L...    |
|00004850| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004860| 20 20 20 20 20 4f 74 68 | 65 72 77 69 73 65 20 69 |     Oth|erwise i|
|00004870| 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 50 43 52 2e 0d 0a 20 |ncrement| PCR... |
|00004880| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 | 2b 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |       3|+    PCR|
|00004890| 2a 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 46 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 |*    R  |Fetch op|
|000048a0| 63 6f 64 65 20 6f 66 20 | 6e 65 78 74 20 69 6e 73 |code of |next ins|
|000048b0| 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |truction|...     |
|000048c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000048d0| 20 20 20 20 46 69 78 20 | 50 43 48 2e 20 49 66 20 |    Fix |PCH. If |
|000048e0| 69 74 20 64 69 64 20 6e | 6f 74 20 63 68 61 6e 67 |it did n|ot chang|
|000048f0| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|00004900| 2e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 33 21 20 20 20 |...     |   3!   |
|00004910| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 20 52 20 20 46 65 74 63 | PCR    | R  Fetc|
|00004920| 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 | 20 6f 66 20 6e 65 78 74 |h opcode| of next|
|00004930| 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 2c 0d 0a 20 | instruc|tion,.. |
|00004940| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004950| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |        |incremen|
|00004960| 74 20 50 43 52 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |t PCR...|..      |
|00004970| 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 | 2a 20 54 68 65 20 68 69 | Notes: |* The hi|
|00004980| 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 50 72 6f 67 72 |gh byte |of Progr|
|00004990| 61 6d 20 43 6f 75 6e 74 | 65 72 20 28 50 43 48 29 |am Count|er (PCH)|
|000049a0| 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 64 0d | may be |invalid.|
|000049b0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       |        |
|000049c0| 20 61 74 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 69 | at this| time, i|
|000049d0| 2e 65 2e 20 69 74 20 6d | 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 6d |.e. it m|ay be sm|
|000049e0| 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 6f 72 | 20 62 69 67 67 65 72 20 |aller or| bigger |
|000049f0| 62 79 20 24 31 30 30 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |by $100.|....    |
|00004a00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 2b 20 49 66 20 62 |        |  + If b|
|00004a10| 72 61 6e 63 68 20 69 73 | 20 74 61 6b 65 6e 2c 20 |ranch is| taken, |
|00004a20| 74 68 69 73 20 63 79 63 | 6c 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 |this cyc|le will |
|00004a30| 62 65 20 65 78 65 63 75 | 74 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a |be execu|ted.....|
|00004a40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 20 |        |      ! |
|00004a50| 49 66 20 62 72 61 6e 63 | 68 20 6f 63 63 75 72 73 |If branc|h occurs|
|00004a60| 20 74 6f 20 64 69 66 66 | 65 72 65 6e 74 20 70 61 | to diff|erent pa|
|00004a70| 67 65 2c 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 63 79 63 6c 65 20 77 |ge, this| cycle w|
|00004a80| 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ill be..|        |
|00004a90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 64 |        |executed|
|00004aa0| 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 49 6e 64 65 78 65 64 |....... | Indexed|
|00004ab0| 20 69 6e 64 69 72 65 63 | 74 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | indirec|t addres|
|00004ac0| 73 69 6e 67 0d 0a 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 61 |sing....|     Rea|
|00004ad0| 64 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 |d instru|ctions (|
|00004ae0| 4c 44 41 2c 20 4f 52 41 | 2c 20 45 4f 52 2c 20 41 |LDA, ORA|, EOR, A|
|00004af0| 4e 44 2c 20 41 44 43 2c | 20 43 4d 50 2c 20 53 42 |ND, ADC,| CMP, SB|
|00004b00| 43 2c 20 4c 41 58 29 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |C, LAX).|...     |
|00004b10| 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 |   #    |address |
|00004b20| 20 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 | 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f |  R/W de|scriptio|
|00004b30| 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |n..     |  --- --|
|00004b40| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |--------|- --- --|
|00004b50| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004b60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004b70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |--------|..      |
|00004b80| 20 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 |  1     | PCR    |
|00004b90| 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 |  R  fet|ch opcod|
|00004ba0| 65 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |e, incre|ment PCR|
|00004bb0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 |..      |  2     |
|00004bc0| 20 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | PCR    |  R  fet|
|00004bd0| 63 68 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 | 65 72 20 61 64 64 72 65 |ch point|er addre|
|00004be0| 73 73 2c 20 61 64 64 20 | 58 20 74 6f 20 69 74 2c |ss, add |X to it,|
|00004bf0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..      |        |
|00004c00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 69 6e 63 |        |     inc|
|00004c10| 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 | 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |rement P|CR..    |
|00004c20| 20 20 20 20 33 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 3f 3f 3f 20 20 |    3   |   ???  |
|00004c30| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 69 | 6e 74 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 |    R  i|nternal |
|00004c40| 6f 70 65 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |operatio|n..     |
|00004c50| 20 20 20 34 20 20 20 70 | 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 2b 58 |   4   p|ointer+X|
|00004c60| 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 | 74 63 68 20 65 66 66 65 |   R  fe|tch effe|
|00004c70| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 20 6c 6f |ctive ad|dress lo|
|00004c80| 77 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 35 20 20 70 6f |w..     |   5  po|
|00004c90| 69 6e 74 65 72 2b 58 2b | 31 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 |inter+X+|1  R  fe|
|00004ca0| 74 63 68 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 |tch effe|ctive ad|
|00004cb0| 64 72 65 73 73 20 68 69 | 67 68 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |dress hi|gh..    |
|00004cc0| 20 20 20 20 36 20 20 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |    6   | address|
|00004cd0| 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d |    R  r|ead from|
|00004ce0| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00004cf0| 73 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 4e 6f 74 |ss....  |     Not|
|00004d00| 65 3a 20 54 68 65 20 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 |e: The e|ffective|
|00004d10| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 69 73 20 61 6c 77 61 | address| is alwa|
|00004d20| 79 73 20 66 65 74 63 68 | 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |ys fetch|ed from |
|00004d30| 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 | 65 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |zero pag|e,..    |
|00004d40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 74 68 |        | i.e. th|
|00004d50| 65 20 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 | 61 67 65 20 62 6f 75 6e |e zero p|age boun|
|00004d60| 64 61 72 79 20 63 72 6f | 73 73 69 6e 67 20 69 73 |dary cro|ssing is|
|00004d70| 20 6e 6f 74 20 68 61 6e | 64 6c 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d | not han|dled....|
|00004d80| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 52 65 | 61 64 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 |.     Re|ad-Modif|
|00004d90| 79 2d 57 72 69 74 65 20 | 69 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 |y-Write |instruct|
|00004da0| 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 53 4c | 4f 2c 20 53 52 45 2c 20 |ions (SL|O, SRE, |
|00004db0| 52 4c 41 2c 20 52 52 41 | 2c 20 49 53 42 2c 20 44 |RLA, RRA|, ISB, D|
|00004dc0| 43 50 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 |CP).... |       #|
|00004dd0| 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 20 20 52 2f |    addr|ess   R/|
|00004de0| 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 | 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 |W descri|ption.. |
|00004df0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |      --|- ------|
|00004e00| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |----- --|- ------|
|00004e10| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004e20| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00004e30| 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 |----..  |      1 |
|00004e40| 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 |     PCR|      R |
|00004e50| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f | 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 | fetch o|pcode, i|
|00004e60| 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 |ncrement| PCR..  |
|00004e70| 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |      2 |     PCR|
|00004e80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 70 |      R | fetch p|
|00004e90| 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 |ointer a|ddress, |
|00004ea0| 61 64 64 20 58 20 74 6f | 20 69 74 2c 0d 0a 20 20 |add X to| it,..  |
|00004eb0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00004ec0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 |        | increme|
|00004ed0| 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nt PCR..|        |
|00004ee0| 33 20 20 20 20 20 20 3f | 3f 3f 20 20 20 20 20 20 |3      ?|??      |
|00004ef0| 52 20 20 69 6e 74 65 72 | 6e 61 6c 20 6f 70 65 72 |R  inter|nal oper|
|00004f00| 61 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 |ation.. |       4|
|00004f10| 20 20 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 | 65 72 2b 58 20 20 20 52 |   point|er+X   R|
|00004f20| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 |  fetch |effectiv|
|00004f30| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 6c 6f 77 0d 0a 20 |e addres|s low.. |
|00004f40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 | 20 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 |       5|  pointe|
|00004f50| 72 2b 58 2b 31 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |r+X+1  R|  fetch |
|00004f60| 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |effectiv|e addres|
|00004f70| 73 20 68 69 67 68 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |s high..|        |
|00004f80| 36 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 20 20 20 |6    add|ress    |
|00004f90| 52 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 |R  read |from eff|
|00004fa0| 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a |ective a|ddress..|
|00004fb0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 37 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 |        |7    add|
|00004fc0| 72 65 73 73 20 20 20 20 | 57 20 20 77 72 69 74 65 |ress    |W  write|
|00004fd0| 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 6c | 75 65 20 62 61 63 6b 20 | the val|ue back |
|00004fe0| 74 6f 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 |to effec|tive add|
|00004ff0| 72 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ress,.. |        |
|00005000| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00005010| 20 20 61 6e 64 20 64 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 6f 70 65 |  and do| the ope|
|00005020| 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 6e 20 69 74 0d 0a 20 20 |ration o|n it..  |
|00005030| 20 20 20 20 20 20 38 20 | 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 |      8 |   addre|
|00005040| 73 73 20 20 20 20 57 20 | 20 77 72 69 74 65 20 74 |ss    W | write t|
|00005050| 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 76 | 61 6c 75 65 20 74 6f 20 |he new v|alue to |
|00005060| 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |effectiv|e addres|
|00005070| 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 4e 6f 74 65 |s....   |    Note|
|00005080| 3a 20 54 68 65 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 |: The ef|fective |
|00005090| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 | 69 73 20 61 6c 77 61 79 |address |is alway|
|000050a0| 73 20 66 65 74 63 68 65 | 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 7a |s fetche|d from z|
|000050b0| 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 65 | 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ero page|,..     |
|000050c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 69 2e 65 2e 20 74 68 65 |        |i.e. the|
|000050d0| 20 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 61 | 67 65 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 | zero pa|ge bound|
|000050e0| 61 72 79 20 63 72 6f 73 | 73 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 |ary cros|sing is |
|000050f0| 6e 6f 74 20 68 61 6e 64 | 6c 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a |not hand|led.....|
|00005100| 20 20 20 20 20 57 72 69 | 74 65 20 69 6e 73 74 72 |     Wri|te instr|
|00005110| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 28 53 54 41 2c 20 53 41 |uctions |(STA, SA|
|00005120| 58 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 20 |X)....  |      # |
|00005130| 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 20 20 20 52 2f 57 |   addre|ss   R/W|
|00005140| 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 | 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 | descrip|tion..  |
|00005150| 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |     ---| -------|
|00005160| 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |---- ---| -------|
|00005170| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005180| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005190| 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 |---..   |     1  |
|000051a0| 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 |    PCR |     R  |
|000051b0| 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 | 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e |fetch op|code, in|
|000051c0| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 |crement |PCR..   |
|000051d0| 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 |     2  |    PCR |
|000051e0| 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 20 70 6f |     R  |fetch po|
|000051f0| 69 6e 74 65 72 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 61 |inter ad|dress, a|
|00005200| 64 64 20 58 20 74 6f 20 | 69 74 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 |dd X to |it,..   |
|00005210| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00005220| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |        |incremen|
|00005230| 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 |t PCR.. |       3|
|00005240| 20 20 20 20 20 20 3f 3f | 3f 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 |      ??|?      R|
|00005250| 20 20 69 6e 74 65 72 6e | 61 6c 20 6f 70 65 72 61 |  intern|al opera|
|00005260| 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 20 |tion..  |      4 |
|00005270| 20 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 | 72 2b 58 20 20 20 52 20 |  pointe|r+X   R |
|00005280| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | fetch e|ffective|
|00005290| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 6c 6f 77 0d 0a 20 20 | address| low..  |
|000052a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 20 | 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 |      5 | pointer|
|000052b0| 2b 58 2b 31 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 65 |+X+1  R | fetch e|
|000052c0| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|000052d0| 20 68 69 67 68 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 | high.. |       6|
|000052e0| 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 20 20 20 57 |    addr|ess    W|
|000052f0| 20 20 77 72 69 74 65 20 | 74 6f 20 65 66 66 65 63 |  write |to effec|
|00005300| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 0d 0a |tive add|ress....|
|00005310| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 4e | 6f 74 65 3a 20 54 68 65 |       N|ote: The|
|00005320| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00005330| 73 73 20 69 73 20 61 6c | 77 61 79 73 20 66 65 74 |ss is al|ways fet|
|00005340| 63 68 65 64 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 |ched fro|m zero p|
|00005350| 61 67 65 2c 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |age,..  |        |
|00005360| 20 20 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 | 74 68 65 20 7a 65 72 6f |   i.e. |the zero|
|00005370| 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 6f | 75 6e 64 61 72 79 20 63 | page bo|undary c|
|00005380| 72 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 68 |rossing |is not h|
|00005390| 61 6e 64 6c 65 64 2e 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 49 6e 64 |andled..|...  Ind|
|000053a0| 69 72 65 63 74 20 69 6e | 64 65 78 65 64 20 61 64 |irect in|dexed ad|
|000053b0| 64 72 65 73 73 69 6e 67 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |dressing|....    |
|000053c0| 20 52 65 61 64 20 69 6e | 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f | Read in|structio|
|000053d0| 6e 73 20 28 4c 44 41 2c | 20 45 4f 52 2c 20 41 4e |ns (LDA,| EOR, AN|
|000053e0| 44 2c 20 4f 52 41 2c 20 | 41 44 43 2c 20 53 42 43 |D, ORA, |ADC, SBC|
|000053f0| 2c 20 43 4d 50 29 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |, CMP)..|..      |
|00005400| 20 20 23 20 20 20 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 |  #    a|ddress  |
|00005410| 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | R/W des|cription|
|00005420| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |..      | --- ---|
|00005430| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |--------| --- ---|
|00005440| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005450| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005460| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |-------.|.       |
|00005470| 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 | 1      |PCR     |
|00005480| 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 | 68 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 | R  fetc|h opcode|
|00005490| 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d | 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d |, increm|ent PCR.|
|000054a0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       | 2      |
|000054b0| 50 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 |PCR     | R  fetc|
|000054c0| 68 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 | 72 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |h pointe|r addres|
|000054d0| 73 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 |s, incre|ment PCR|
|000054e0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 20 20 20 20 70 |..      |  3    p|
|000054f0| 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 20 | 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 |ointer  |  R  fet|
|00005500| 63 68 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 |ch effec|tive add|
|00005510| 72 65 73 73 20 6c 6f 77 | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ress low|..      |
|00005520| 20 20 34 20 20 20 70 6f | 69 6e 74 65 72 2b 31 20 |  4   po|inter+1 |
|00005530| 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 | 63 68 20 65 66 66 65 63 |  R  fet|ch effec|
|00005540| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 68 69 67 |tive add|ress hig|
|00005550| 68 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |h,..    |        |
|00005560| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 |        |       a|
|00005570| 64 64 20 59 20 74 6f 20 | 6c 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 |dd Y to |low byte|
|00005580| 20 6f 66 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | of effe|ctive ad|
|00005590| 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 |dress.. |       5|
|000055a0| 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 2b 59 2a 20 20 52 |   addre|ss+Y*  R|
|000055b0| 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 65 |  read f|rom effe|
|000055c0| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a |ctive ad|dress,..|
|000055d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000055e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 66 69 78 20 68 |        |   fix h|
|000055f0| 69 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 | 20 6f 66 20 65 66 66 65 |igh byte| of effe|
|00005600| 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 |ctive ad|dress.. |
|00005610| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 | 2b 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 |       5|+  addre|
|00005620| 73 73 2b 59 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 72 65 61 64 20 66 |ss+Y   R|  read f|
|00005630| 72 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 |rom effe|ctive ad|
|00005640| 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |dress...|.       |
|00005650| 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 54 | 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 |Notes: T|he effec|
|00005660| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 69 73 20 |tive add|ress is |
|00005670| 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 66 | 65 74 63 68 65 64 20 66 |always f|etched f|
|00005680| 72 6f 6d 20 7a 65 72 6f | 20 70 61 67 65 2c 0d 0a |rom zero| page,..|
|00005690| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 69 2e |        |      i.|
|000056a0| 65 2e 20 74 68 65 20 7a | 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 65 |e. the z|ero page|
|000056b0| 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 | 79 20 63 72 6f 73 73 69 | boundar|y crossi|
|000056c0| 6e 67 20 69 73 20 6e 6f | 74 20 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 |ng is no|t handle|
|000056d0| 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |d.....  |        |
|000056e0| 20 20 20 20 2a 20 54 68 | 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 62 |    * Th|e high b|
|000056f0| 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 |yte of t|he effec|
|00005700| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 20 6d 61 79 |tive add|ress may|
|00005710| 20 62 65 20 69 6e 76 61 | 6c 69 64 0d 0a 20 20 20 | be inva|lid..   |
|00005720| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 61 74 20 |        |     at |
|00005730| 74 68 69 73 20 74 69 6d | 65 2c 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 |this tim|e, i.e. |
|00005740| 69 74 20 6d 61 79 20 62 | 65 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c 65 |it may b|e smalle|
|00005750| 72 20 62 79 20 24 31 30 | 30 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 |r by $10|0.....  |
|00005760| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 2b 20 54 68 |        |    + Th|
|00005770| 69 73 20 63 79 63 6c 65 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 |is cycle| will be|
|00005780| 20 65 78 65 63 75 74 65 | 64 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 69 | execute|d only i|
|00005790| 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 |f the ef|fective |
|000057a0| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |address.|.       |
|000057b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 77 61 73 20 69 6e 76 |        | was inv|
|000057c0| 61 6c 69 64 20 64 75 72 | 69 6e 67 20 63 79 63 6c |alid dur|ing cycl|
|000057d0| 65 20 23 35 2c 20 69 2e | 65 2e 20 70 61 67 65 20 |e #5, i.|e. page |
|000057e0| 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 79 | 20 77 61 73 20 63 72 6f |boundary| was cro|
|000057f0| 73 73 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d | 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ssed....|...     |
|00005800| 52 65 61 64 2d 4d 6f 64 | 69 66 79 2d 57 72 69 74 |Read-Mod|ify-Writ|
|00005810| 65 20 69 6e 73 74 72 75 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 |e instru|ctions (|
|00005820| 53 4c 4f 2c 20 53 52 45 | 2c 20 52 4c 41 2c 20 52 |SLO, SRE|, RLA, R|
|00005830| 52 41 2c 20 49 53 42 2c | 20 44 43 50 29 0d 0a 0d |RA, ISB,| DCP)...|
|00005840| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 23 20 20 20 20 61 64 |.       | #    ad|
|00005850| 64 72 65 73 73 20 20 20 | 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 63 |dress   |R/W desc|
|00005860| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ription.|.       |
|00005870| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 |--- ----|------- |
|00005880| 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--- ----|--------|
|00005890| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000058a0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a |--------|------..|
|000058b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 |        |1      P|
|000058c0| 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 |CR      |R  fetch|
|000058d0| 20 6f 70 63 6f 64 65 2c | 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | opcode,| increme|
|000058e0| 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nt PCR..|        |
|000058f0| 32 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 | 43 52 20 20 20 20 20 20 |2      P|CR      |
|00005900| 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 | 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 |R  fetch| pointer|
|00005910| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 2c 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d | address|, increm|
|00005920| 65 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ent PCR.|.       |
|00005930| 20 33 20 20 20 20 70 6f | 69 6e 74 65 72 20 20 20 | 3    po|inter   |
|00005940| 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 | 68 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | R  fetc|h effect|
|00005950| 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 6c 6f 77 0d |ive addr|ess low.|
|00005960| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 34 20 20 20 70 6f 69 |.       | 4   poi|
|00005970| 6e 74 65 72 2b 31 20 20 | 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 63 |nter+1  | R  fetc|
|00005980| 68 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 |h effect|ive addr|
|00005990| 65 73 73 20 68 69 67 68 | 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ess high|,..     |
|000059a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000059b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 64 | 64 20 59 20 74 6f 20 6c |      ad|d Y to l|
|000059c0| 6f 77 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 65 66 66 65 63 |ow byte |of effec|
|000059d0| 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 | 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 |tive add|ress..  |
|000059e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 20 | 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |      5 |  addres|
|000059f0| 73 2b 59 2a 20 20 52 20 | 20 72 65 61 64 20 66 72 |s+Y*  R | read fr|
|00005a00| 6f 6d 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 |om effec|tive add|
|00005a10| 72 65 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ress,.. |        |
|00005a20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00005a30| 20 20 66 69 78 20 68 69 | 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 |  fix hi|gh byte |
|00005a40| 6f 66 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 |of effec|tive add|
|00005a50| 72 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 36 20 |ress..  |      6 |
|00005a60| 20 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 2b 59 20 20 20 57 20 |  addres|s+Y   W |
|00005a70| 20 77 72 69 74 65 20 74 | 6f 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | write t|o effect|
|00005a80| 69 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 |ive addr|ess..   |
|00005a90| 20 20 20 20 20 37 20 20 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |     7  | address|
|00005aa0| 2b 59 20 20 20 57 20 20 | 77 72 69 74 65 20 74 68 |+Y   W  |write th|
|00005ab0| 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 20 | 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 |e value |back to |
|00005ac0| 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |effectiv|e addres|
|00005ad0| 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |s,..    |        |
|00005ae0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 |        |       a|
|00005af0| 6e 64 20 64 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 6f 70 65 72 61 74 |nd do th|e operat|
|00005b00| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 69 | 74 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ion on i|t..     |
|00005b10| 20 20 20 38 20 20 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 2b 59 |   8   a|ddress+Y|
|00005b20| 20 20 20 57 20 20 77 72 | 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 |   W  wr|ite the |
|00005b30| 6e 65 77 20 76 61 6c 75 | 65 20 74 6f 20 65 66 66 |new valu|e to eff|
|00005b40| 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 0d 0a |ective a|ddress..|
|00005b50| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 4e 6f 74 65 73 3a 20 |..      | Notes: |
|00005b60| 54 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 |The effe|ctive ad|
|00005b70| 64 72 65 73 73 20 69 73 | 20 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 |dress is| always |
|00005b80| 66 65 74 63 68 65 64 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 7a 65 72 |fetched |from zer|
|00005b90| 6f 20 70 61 67 65 2c 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |o page,.|.       |
|00005ba0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 69 | 2e 65 2e 20 74 68 65 20 |       i|.e. the |
|00005bb0| 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 | 65 20 62 6f 75 6e 64 61 |zero pag|e bounda|
|00005bc0| 72 79 20 63 72 6f 73 73 | 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 6e |ry cross|ing is n|
|00005bd0| 6f 74 20 68 61 6e 64 6c | 65 64 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 |ot handl|ed..... |
|00005be0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 2a 20 54 |        |     * T|
|00005bf0| 68 65 20 68 69 67 68 20 | 62 79 74 65 20 6f 66 20 |he high |byte of |
|00005c00| 74 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 | 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 64 |the effe|ctive ad|
|00005c10| 64 72 65 73 73 20 6d 61 | 79 20 62 65 20 69 6e 76 |dress ma|y be inv|
|00005c20| 61 6c 69 64 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |alid..  |        |
|00005c30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 74 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 74 69 |      at| this ti|
|00005c40| 6d 65 2c 20 69 2e 65 2e | 20 69 74 20 6d 61 79 20 |me, i.e.| it may |
|00005c50| 62 65 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c | 65 72 20 62 79 20 24 31 |be small|er by $1|
|00005c60| 30 30 2e 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 57 72 |00......|.     Wr|
|00005c70| 69 74 65 20 69 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 |ite inst|ructions|
|00005c80| 20 28 53 54 41 2c 20 53 | 48 41 29 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 | (STA, S|HA).... |
|00005c90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 23 | 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 72 |       #|    addr|
|00005ca0| 65 73 73 20 20 20 52 2f | 57 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 |ess   R/|W descri|
|00005cb0| 70 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d 2d |ption.. |      --|
|00005cc0| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d |- ------|----- --|
|00005cd0| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |- ------|--------|
|00005ce0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00005cf0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 20 |--------|----..  |
|00005d00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 |      1 |     PCR|
|00005d10| 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f |      R | fetch o|
|00005d20| 70 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 | 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 |pcode, i|ncrement|
|00005d30| 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 | PCR..  |      2 |
|00005d40| 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 |     PCR|      R |
|00005d50| 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 70 | 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 61 | fetch p|ointer a|
|00005d60| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2c 20 | 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 6e |ddress, |incremen|
|00005d70| 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 |t PCR.. |       3|
|00005d80| 20 20 20 20 70 6f 69 6e | 74 65 72 20 20 20 20 52 |    poin|ter    R|
|00005d90| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 |  fetch |effectiv|
|00005da0| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 6c 6f 77 0d 0a 20 |e addres|s low.. |
|00005db0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 | 20 20 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 |       4|   point|
|00005dc0| 65 72 2b 31 20 20 20 52 | 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 |er+1   R|  fetch |
|00005dd0| 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |effectiv|e addres|
|00005de0| 73 20 68 69 67 68 2c 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |s high,.|.       |
|00005df0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00005e00| 20 20 20 20 61 64 64 20 | 59 20 74 6f 20 6c 6f 77 |    add |Y to low|
|00005e10| 20 62 79 74 65 20 6f 66 | 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | byte of| effecti|
|00005e20| 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |ve addre|ss..    |
|00005e30| 20 20 20 20 35 20 20 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2b |    5   |address+|
|00005e40| 59 2a 20 20 52 20 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 66 72 6f 6d |Y*  R  r|ead from|
|00005e50| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00005e60| 73 73 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ss,..   |        |
|00005e70| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00005e80| 66 69 78 20 68 69 67 68 | 20 62 79 74 65 20 6f 66 |fix high| byte of|
|00005e90| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 | effecti|ve addre|
|00005ea0| 73 73 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 36 20 20 20 |ss..    |    6   |
|00005eb0| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 2b | 59 20 20 20 57 20 20 77 |address+|Y   W  w|
|00005ec0| 72 69 74 65 20 74 6f 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 |rite to |effectiv|
|00005ed0| 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 |e addres|s....   |
|00005ee0| 20 20 20 20 4e 6f 74 65 | 73 3a 20 54 68 65 20 65 |    Note|s: The e|
|00005ef0| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|00005f00| 20 69 73 20 61 6c 77 61 | 79 73 20 66 65 74 63 68 | is alwa|ys fetch|
|00005f10| 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 7a 65 72 6f 20 70 61 67 |ed from |zero pag|
|00005f20| 65 2c 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |e,..    |        |
|00005f30| 20 20 69 2e 65 2e 20 74 | 68 65 20 7a 65 72 6f 20 |  i.e. t|he zero |
|00005f40| 70 61 67 65 20 62 6f 75 | 6e 64 61 72 79 20 63 72 |page bou|ndary cr|
|00005f50| 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 20 69 | 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 68 61 |ossing i|s not ha|
|00005f60| 6e 64 6c 65 64 2e 0d 0a | 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ndled...|..      |
|00005f70| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 2a 20 54 68 65 20 68 69 |        |* The hi|
|00005f80| 67 68 20 62 79 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 |gh byte |of the e|
|00005f90| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |ffective| address|
|00005fa0| 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | 69 6e 76 61 6c 69 64 0d | may be |invalid.|
|00005fb0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.       |        |
|00005fc0| 20 61 74 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 69 | at this| time, i|
|00005fd0| 2e 65 2e 20 69 74 20 6d | 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 6d |.e. it m|ay be sm|
|00005fe0| 61 6c 6c 65 72 20 62 79 | 20 24 31 30 30 2e 0d 0a |aller by| $100...|
|00005ff0| 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 41 62 | 73 6f 6c 75 74 65 20 69 |....  Ab|solute i|
|00006000| 6e 64 69 72 65 63 74 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 69 |ndirect |addressi|
|00006010| 6e 67 20 28 4a 4d 50 29 | 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 |ng (JMP)|....    |
|00006020| 20 20 20 20 23 20 20 20 | 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 |    #   |address |
|00006030| 20 52 2f 57 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e | R/W des|cription|
|00006040| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d |..      | --- ---|
|00006050| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 20 2d | 2d 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |------ -|-- -----|
|00006060| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006070| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006080| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 |-----.. |       1|
|00006090| 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 52 | 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 20 |     PCR|     R  |
|000060a0| 66 65 74 63 68 20 6f 70 | 63 6f 64 65 2c 20 69 6e |fetch op|code, in|
|000060b0| 63 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 50 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 |crement |PCR..   |
|000060c0| 20 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 | 20 20 20 50 43 52 20 20 |     2  |   PCR  |
|000060d0| 20 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 | 74 63 68 20 70 6f 69 6e |   R  fe|tch poin|
|000060e0| 74 65 72 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 6c 6f 77 2c |ter addr|ess low,|
|000060f0| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 50 43 52 0d 0a | increme|nt PCR..|
|00006100| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 33 20 20 20 20 20 50 43 |        |3     PC|
|00006110| 52 20 20 20 20 20 52 20 | 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 70 |R     R | fetch p|
|00006120| 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 68 |ointer a|ddress h|
|00006130| 69 67 68 2c 20 69 6e 63 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 50 |igh, inc|rement P|
|00006140| 43 52 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 34 20 20 20 |CR..    |    4   |
|00006150| 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 | 20 20 52 20 20 66 65 74 |pointer |  R  fet|
|00006160| 63 68 20 6c 6f 77 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 74 |ch low a|ddress t|
|00006170| 6f 20 6c 61 74 63 68 0d | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |o latch.|.       |
|00006180| 20 35 20 20 70 6f 69 6e | 74 65 72 2b 31 2a 20 52 | 5  poin|ter+1* R|
|00006190| 20 20 66 65 74 63 68 20 | 50 43 48 2c 20 63 6f 70 |  fetch |PCH, cop|
|000061a0| 79 20 6c 61 74 63 68 20 | 74 6f 20 50 43 4c 0d 0a |y latch |to PCL..|
|000061b0| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 4e 6f 74 65 3a 20 2a |..      | Note: *|
|000061c0| 20 54 68 65 20 50 43 48 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 6c | The PCH| will al|
|000061d0| 77 61 79 73 20 62 65 20 | 66 65 74 63 68 65 64 20 |ways be |fetched |
|000061e0| 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 61 6d 65 20 70 61 |from the| same pa|
|000061f0| 67 65 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ge..    |        |
|00006200| 20 20 20 74 68 61 6e 20 | 50 43 4c 2c 20 69 2e 65 |   than |PCL, i.e|
|00006210| 2e 20 70 61 67 65 20 62 | 6f 75 6e 64 61 72 79 20 |. page b|oundary |
|00006220| 63 72 6f 73 73 69 6e 67 | 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |crossing| is not |
|00006230| 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 64 2e | 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a 0d 0a |handled.|........|
|00006240| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00006250| 4d 45 4d 4f 52 59 20 4d | 41 4e 41 47 45 4d 45 4e |MEMORY M|ANAGEMEN|
|00006260| 54 0d 0a 0d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 6e 6f 72 6d |T....   |    norm|
|00006270| 61 6c 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |al      |        |
|00006280| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00006290| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|000062a0| 20 20 20 20 20 75 6c 74 | 69 6d 61 78 0d 0a 20 20 |     ult|imax..  |
|000062b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 31 | 31 31 20 20 20 20 31 30 |      11|11    10|
|000062c0| 31 78 20 20 20 20 30 31 | 31 78 20 20 20 20 30 30 |1x    01|1x    00|
|000062d0| 31 78 20 20 20 20 31 31 | 31 30 20 20 20 20 30 31 |1x    11|10    01|
|000062e0| 30 30 20 20 20 20 31 31 | 30 30 20 20 20 20 78 78 |00    11|00    xx|
|000062f0| 30 31 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |01..    |        |
|00006300| 20 20 20 20 31 30 30 30 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |    1000|        |
|00006310| 20 20 20 20 30 30 78 30 | 0d 0a 31 30 30 30 30 0d |    00x0|..10000.|
|00006320| 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |.-------|--------|
|00006330| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006340| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006350| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00006360| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 0d 0a 20 46 30 30 30 |--------|-.. F000|
|00006370| 0d 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 4b 65 72 6e 61 6c |..      |  Kernal|
|00006380| 20 20 52 41 4d 20 20 20 | 20 20 4b 65 72 6e 61 6c |  RAM   |  Kernal|
|00006390| 20 20 52 41 4d 20 20 20 | 20 20 4b 65 72 6e 61 6c |  RAM   |  Kernal|
|000063a0| 20 20 4b 65 72 6e 61 6c | 20 20 4b 65 72 6e 61 6c |  Kernal|  Kernal|
|000063b0| 20 20 6d 6f 64 75 6c 65 | 0d 0a 20 45 30 30 30 0d |  module|.. E000.|
|000063c0| 0a 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |.-------|--------|
|000063d0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000063e0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|000063f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+