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C= Commodore Semiconductor Group Microprocessors Description The 6500/8500 Series family includes a range of software compatible micropro- cessors which provide a selection of addressable memory range, interrupt input options and on-chip oscillators and drivers. All of the microprocessors within the group are directly bus compatible with the MC6800 series IC's. The family includes ten microprocessors with on-board clock oscillators and seven microprocessors driven by external clocks. The on-chip clock versions are aimed at high performance, low cost applications where single phase crystal or RC inputs provide the time base. The external clock versions are geared for multiprocessor system applications where maximum timing control is mandatory. Features Single +5 volt supply N channel, silicon gate, depletion load technology Tri-state address bus, data bus and R/W controlled by AEC input Direct memory access capability "Ready" input (for single cycle execution) 56 Instructions with 13 addressing modes 8 bit parallel processing Decimal and binary arithmetic True indexing capability 8 bit Bi-directional Data Bus Programmable Stack Pointer Available Microprocessors Device *Clocks Pins IRQ NMI RDY Port Address AEC Sync Speed (MHz) 6502 O 40 X X X - 64K - X 1,2,3,4 65CE02 O 40 X X X - 64K - X 0 - 10 6503 O 28 X X - - 4K - - 1,2,3,4 6504 O 28 X - - - 8K - - 1,2,3,4 6505 O 28 X - X - 4K - - 1,2,3,4 6506 O 28 X - - - 4K - - 1,2,3,4 6507 O 28 - - X - 8K - - 1,2,3,4 6508 E 40 X - - 8 64K X - 1,2,3 6509 E 40 X X X ** 1 M X X 1,2,3 6510 O,E 40 X X X 6,8 64K X - 1,2,3,4 6512 E 40 X X X - 64K - X 1,2,3,4 6513 E 28 X X - - 4K - - 1,2,3,4 6514 E 28 X - - - 8K - - 1,2,3,4 6515 E 28 X - X - 4K - - 1,2,3,4 8501 O 40 X - X 7 64K X - 1,2,3 8502 O 40 X X X 7 64K X - 1,2,3,4 8503 O 40 X - - 8 64K X - 1,2,3,4 * O - On chip clocks, E - External Clocks ** Four extended address pins expand memory capacity to one megabyte. Pinout Pin 6502 6510/8500 8502 1 Vss Phi0 in Phi0 in 2 RDY RDY RDY 3 Phi1 out /IRQ /IRQ 4 /IRQ /NMI /NMI 5 NC AEC AEC 6 /NMI Vcc Vcc 7 Sync A0 A0 8 Vcc A1 A1 9 AB0 A2 A2 10 AB1 A3 A3 11 AB2 A4 A4 12 AB3 A5 A5 13 AB4 A6 A6 14 AB5 A7 A7 15 AB6 A8 A8 16 AB7 A9 A9 17 AB8 A10 A10 18 AB9 A11 A11 19 AB10 A12 A12 20 AB11 A13 A13 21 Vss GND GND 22 AB12 A14 A14 23 AB13 A15 A15 24 AB14 P5 P6 25 AB15 P4 P5 26 D7 P3 P4 27 D6 P2 P3 28 D5 P1 P2 29 D4 P0 P1 30 D3 D7 P0 31 D2 D6 D7 32 D1 D5 D6 33 D0 D4 D5 34 R/W D3 D4 35 NC D2 D3 36 NC D1 D2 37 Phi0 in D0 D1 38 SO R/W D0 39 Phi2 out Phi2 out R/W 40 /RES /RES /RES Peripheral Interface Devices Description Commodore offers a wide assortment of peripheral interface devices compatible with the 6500/8500 microprocessor family. These devices were specifically designed to simplify the implementation of Input/Output control in micropro- cessor systems. All of these devices are TTL compatible, have a single +5 volt supply, and are based on N-channel depletion load technology. Each device features from 8 to 24 individually programmable I/O lines. Additional func- tions on selected devices include handshaking capability, control/interrupt input lines, interrupt output, serial I/O, timers, RAM, and ROM. Available Peripheral Devices Hand- Control/ Darling- 8-bit shaking Interrupt ton Serial Timer/ Speed Device Pins Ports IRQ (Port) I/P Lines Drive I/O Timers Counters RAM (MHz) 6522 40 2 X Read A 4/4 Port B X One One - 1,2 Write A,B CB1,CB2 16-bit 16-bit 6525 40 3** X Read A 2/5 - - - - - *** Write B 6526* 40 2 X Read B 2/1 - X - Two - 1,2,3 Write B 16-bit 6529 20 1 - - - - - - - - *** 6530 40 2 X - - Port A,B - One - 64x8 1,2 8-bit ROM 1024x8 6532 40 2 X - - Port B - One - 128x8 1,2 8-bit 6520 40 2 X Read B 2/1 - X - Two - 1,2 Write B 16-bit * Note: Supports Time of Day Clock function. ** Note: 2 ports if using control/interrupt lines. *** Note: These devices are not clocked. Speed is determined by access time. Pinout Pin 6522 6526 1 Vss GND 2 PA0 PA0 3 PA1 PA1 4 PA2 PA2 5 PA3 PA3 6 PA4 PA4 7 PA5 PA5 8 PA6 PA6 9 PA7 PA7 10 PB0 PB0 11 PB1 PB1 12 PB2 PB2 13 PB3 PB3 14 PB4 PB4 15 PB5 PB5 16 PB6 PB6 17 PB7 PB7 18 CB1 /PC 19 CB2 TOD in 20 Vcc Vcc 21 /IRQ /IRQ 22 R/W R/W 23 /CS2 /CS 24 CS1 /FLAG 25 Phi2 Phi2 26 D7 D7 27 D6 D6 28 D5 D5 29 D4 D4 30 D3 D3 31 D2 D2 32 D1 D1 33 D0 D0 34 /RES /RES 35 RS3 RS3 36 RS2 RS2 37 RS1 RS1 38 RS0 RS0 39 CA2 SP 40 CA1 CNT -- From: schaefer@cluster.dfki.uni-sb.de (Ulrich Schaefer) Subject: Re: 1551 floppy drive (and: CBM 600 / 6525 TPI) It is possible to connect two 1551s because one drive can have two different device numbers. If (and only if) you give them two different numbers, you can plug both into the computer (you will need a large table, of course...). See the 1551's user's guide, appendix A, page 72. There, they explain how to change the device number by simply removing a jumper on the main circuit of the drive. I guess you do not have warranty any more... The jumper selects the decoding of the 6523 which is in the interface cartridge (but uses address space of the computer's CPU!). If the device number is 8, the 6523's base address (at the computer side) is $FEF0. If the device number is 9, its base address is $FEC0. Because of this fixed decoding, no more than two 1551s can be plugged into the computer without major changes. Michael called the 6523 a triple interface adapter (which is it's official name, I guess). I would rather call it a cripple interface adapter. In my opinion, the 6523 is just a 'cripple' 6525 TPI (which is well known from the CBM 500/600/700 series, where two of them control the IEEE and user port interface). The 6525 has three 8 bit ports (i.e. TPI=tri port interface) and 40 pins, while the 6523 has three 'cripple' ports and only 28 pins (which make it cheaper). I guess the internal architecture of both is the same. Both the 6523 and the 6525 have three data and three direction registers. The 6525 has two additional: a control and an 'active interrupt register'. Address 6525 TPI 6523 TIA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 Port A Data Port A Data (full 8 bit) 1 Port B Data Port B Data (only bits 0+1?) 2 Port C Data or interrupt latch reg. Port C Data (only bits 6+7?) 3 Port A Direction Port A Direction 4 Port B Direction Port B Direction 5 Port C Direction or MIR interr. mask Port C Direction 6 Control reg. - (?) 7 Active Interrupt reg. - (?) This is what I found in my notes from 1987. I do not have any data sheets of these circuits. If anybody has, I would be interested, because I plan to re-use my old CBM 610 ... In the 1551 cartridge, port A of the 6523 is used as the data port (8 bit parallel, which makes it so fast). Bit 0 and 1 of port B are used as status bits, and bit 6 and 7 of port C are used for 'busy' and 'strobe' (this is what I called them in my notes). -- Video Display Devices Description Commodore's family of Video Controllers offers attractive integration of all video logic necessary for color video graphics and text applications, such as low cost CRT terminals, industrial monitors, control system displays and home video games. Complete logic to implement all format timing, memory interface, attribute control, row buffering and high-speed shifting of pixel data are resident in each device. The family of VIC II and TED devices provide fixed format display with 5 sepa- rate character/bit-map modes of operation. A raster Compare Interrupt allows the easy mixing of these modes for display of high-res graphics with text. A transparent scheme of using PhO time for fetching video data from memory allows for optimal CPU thruput. The VICs a|so contain a special type of display image, Movable Image Block (MIB), that once defined, can be moved to any screen posi- tion without the inherent character cell constraints. The programmable 8563/68 features digital RGBI output for very sharp 640Vx400H color video. Direct video memory interface to 64K of DRAM requires no external logic. Available Video Devices ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: VIC Part No: 6560 (NTSC) 6561 (PALB) Display Format: programmable up to 24x25 text, 192Hx200V bit-map Display Modes: 2 character modes: HiRes, Multicolor Video Output: 16 color composite Features: on chip sound system, 2 8-bit A/D converters, interlace/non-interlace, light pen input Memory Interface:access 16K, transparent DMA Pins: 40 Supply: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: VIC II Part No: 6566 (NTSC, non-multiplexed address lines) 6567 (NTSC) 6569 (PALB) 6572 (PALN) 6573 (PALM) 8562 (NTSC) 8565 (PALB) Display Format: 40x25 text, 320Hx200V bit-map Display Modes: 3 character modes: Standard, Multicolor, Extended 2 bit-map modes: HiRes, Multicolor Video Output: 16 color composite Features: 8 MIB's (sprites), horiz. and vert. scrolling, light pen input, Raster Compare Interrupt Memory Interface:access 16K, interface to multiplexed DRAM, transparent DMA, provides system RAS and CAS (except 6566) Pins: 40 Supply 65xx: +5V and +12V 85xx: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: VIC IIE Part No: 8564 (NTSC) 8566 (PALB) 8569 (PALN) Display Format: 40x25 text, 320Hx200V bit-map Display Modes: 3 character modes: Standard, Multicolor, Extended 2 bit-mapo modes: HiRes, Multicolor Video Output: 16 color composite Features: 8 MIB's (sprites), horiz. and vert. scrolling, light pen input, Raster Compare Interrupt, Keyboard Control Register, 2MHz clock, true external DMA and arbitration control Memory Interface:access 16K, interface to multiplexed DRAM, transparent DMA, provides system RAS and CAS Pins: 48 Supply: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: TED Part No: 8360 (NTSC/PALB) 8365 (PALN) 8366 (PALM) Display Format: 40x25 text, 320Hx200V bit-map Display Modes: 3 character modes: Standard, Multicolor, Extended 2 bit-mapo modes: HiRes, Multicolor Video Output: 121 color composite Features: 2 voice sound, 8-bit keyport control, Clk doubling, horiz. and vert. scrolling, Raster Compare and 3 timer generated interrupts, hardware cursor blink and reverse video attributes true external DMA and arbitration control Memory Interface:access 64K, transparent DMA, provides system RAS, CAS and MUX Pins: 48 Supply: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: DVDC Part No: 8563 8568 Display Format: programmable up to up to 80x25 text, 640Hx400V bitmap (interlaced up to 80x50 text, 640Hx480V bitmap, and more) Display Modes: 3 char modes: Std, Semigraph and pixel, double width & HiRes bitmap mode Video Output: digital RGBI 16 color or 16 gray-shades Features: 8563: interlace/non-interlace, horiz & vert scroll, lightpen input, hardware cursor, underline, blink and reverse video, supports 2 character sets of 256 each 8568: above plus Update Ready Interrupt, composite video and composite sync Memory Interface:access 64K, programmable to interface either 4164/4464 or 4416 DRAM Pins: 48 Supply: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Device: CRTC Part No: 6545-1 Display Format: programmable controller Display Modes: - Video Output: - Features: programmable cursor, lightpen input Memory Interface:access 16K, straight binary or row/column Pins: 40 Supply: +5V ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Special Application 6582 Sound Interface Device (SID) Description The 6582 Sound Interface Device (SID) is a sound generator chip compatible with the 6500/8500 microprocessor families. Features 3 Tone Oscillators, Range 0-4kHz 4 Waveforms per Oscillator: Triangle, Sawtooth, Variable, Pulse, Noise 3 Amplitude Modulators, Range 48 dB Random Number/Modulation Generator 3 Envelope Generators Exponential response Attack Rate: 2ms-8ms Decay Rate: 6ms-24ms Sustain Level:0-peak volume Release Rate: 6ms-24s Oscillator Synchronization Ring Modulation Programmable Filter Cutoff Range: 30Hz-12kHz 12 dB/octave Rolloff Low pass, Band pass, High pass, Notch outputs Variable resonance Master Volume Control 2 A/D POT Interfaces External Audio Input Pinout Pin 6581/8580 6582 1 Cap 1A 2 Cap 1B unknown 3 Cap 2A 4 Cap 2B 5 /RES 6 Phi in 7 R/W 8 /CS 9 A0 10 A1 11 A2 12 A3 13 A4 14 GND 15 D0 16 D1 17 D2 18 D3 19 D4 20 D5 21 D6 22 D7 23 Pot Y 24 Pot X 25 +5 V 26 Ext in 27 Audio out 28 +9/+12 V Static Read Only Memory Description Commodore offers a variety of high performance ROMs with a wide range of access times providing compatibility with most microprocessor systems. The ROMs are TTL compatible, having a single +5 volt power supply and totally static opera- tion. The 2400 series "Power Down" ROMs offer significantly reduced power consumption while in stand-by mode. Each device has programmable chip select and/or output enable for output bus control and is designed to replace equivalent EPROMs. Available ROMS Organization Access Time (ns) Operating Standby Process Device Words x Bits Address CE CS/OE Current Current Technology 2332/3 4096 x 8 200 N/A 75 100 mA N/A HMOS 2364 8192 x 8 200 N/A 100 100 mA N/A HMOS 23128 16384 x 8 250 N/A 100 100 mA N/A HMOS 24128 16384 x 8 250 250 100 100 mA 12 mA HMOS 24256 32768 x 8 250 250 100 100 mA 12 mA HMOS 24512 65536 x 8 250 250 100 100 mA 12 mA HMOS 24C128 16384 x 8 200 200 100 10 mA 50 uA CMOS 24C256 32768 x 8 250 250 100 10 mA 50 uA CMOS More info wanted on (at least) these: 8362 PAL Video Chip CSG 5719 CSG 4567 VIC-III CSG 8362 CSG 8372A Super Agnus (for Amiga) The Amiga has 8520's as CIA's, which are the Amiga version of the 6522 et al. Characteristics are almost the same.