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MEGAMON COMMAND SUMMARY A OR *; MINI ASSEMBLER A <ADDR><MNEMONIC><OPERAND> B ; SET/DISPLAY BREAKPOINT B <BRKPT#><ADDR> (B=DISPLAY) C ; COMPARE MEMORY C <START><END><TARGET> D ; DISSASSEMBLE MEMORY D <START><END> E ; MEMORY DISPLAY W/CHECKSUM E <START><END> F ; FILL MEMORY F <START><END><BYTE> G ; EXECUTE PROGRAM 'GO' G <ADDR> H ; HUNT MEMORY H <START><END>[<NUMBER:STRING>] I ; SET/DISPLAY IRQ VECTOR I <ADDR> (I ALONE TO DISPLAY) J ; RESET MONITOR K ; KILL BREAKPOINT K <BREAKPOINT#> L ; LOAD A FILE L <"NAME"><DEV><ADDR> M ; MEMORY DUMP (HEX OR ASCII) M <START><END> N ; DYNAMIC MEMORY SCAN N <ADDR> O ; OUTPUT REDIRECTION O <DEV><SECONDARY ADDR><"TEXT"> P ; DISPLAY DISK DIR P <"MASK"><DEV> OR (P <RETURN>) Q ; QUIT (COLD START) R ; DISPLAY/CHG REGISTERS S ; SAVE A FILE S <"NAME"><DEV><START><END> T ; TRANSFER BLOCK OF MEMORY T <START><END><DESTINATION> U ; USER DEFINABLE COMMAND U <ANYTHING> V ; SET/DISPLAY USER VECTORS V <ADDR> (ALONE TO DISPLAY) W ; SINGLE STEP (WALK) W <ADDR> SEE WALK COMMAND X ; EXIT MONITOR (WARM START) X CAUTION SEE E╪IT COMMAND Y ; SET COLORS Y <TEXT><BGND><BRDR> (0-15)DECIMAL % ; COMMENT 'NULL' LINE % <ANYTHING> # ; CONVERT NUMBER # 34F0 OR # &49152 + ; ADD NUMBERS + FFD2 &32768 - ; SUBTRACT NUMBERS - FFD2 D020 ? ; DISPLAY HELP FILE ? "NAME" DEV (OPTIONAL) @ ; I/O TO DISK (LIKE WEDGE) @ "N0:NAME,00" : MODIFY MEMORY : ADDR BYTES ! ; TEXT TO MEMORY ! C000 "TEXT AT C000" ; ; 'MASS REGISTER CHANGE ; PC A X Y SP SR OR R CMD ^ ; CONFIGURATION MODE NUMBERS MAY BE INPUT IN THESE FORMATS HEX $ IS OPTIONAL. $FFD2 OR FFD2. DECIMAL & PREFIX E.G. &49152 ASCII " PREFIX E.G. "TEXT" BINARY % PREFIX E.G. %10101110 USE RUN/STOP TO ABORT AND THE SPACE BAR TO STOP/START MEMORY DUMPS ETC. MEGAMON COMMANDS COMMAND: MINI-ASSEMBLER FORMAT: A [ADDR[MNEMONIC]] * [ADDR[MNEMONIC]] EXAMPLE: A C000 LDA #$20 FUNCTION: ASSEMBLES <MNEMONIC> TO MEMORYLOCATION DESIGNATED BY <ADDR>. THE NEXT AVAILABLE MEMORY LOCATION IS THEN DISPLAYED. IF <ADDR> OR <MNEMONIC> IS MISSING, THE COMMAND IS IGNORED, AND THE NORMAL MONITOR PROMPT RETURNS. COMMAND: SET/DISPLAY BREAKPOINTS FORMAT: B [BP#[ADDR]] EXAMPLE: B 0 C000 FUNCTION: ALLOWS THE USER TO SET UP TO 8 "BREAK POINTS" IN A ML PROGRAM BY REPLACING THE BYTE AT <ADDR> WITH A BRK INSTRUCTION. THE BYTE AT <ADDR> IS SAVED, AND CAN BE REPLACED BY USING THE "K" (KILL BREAKPOINT) COMMAND. <BP#> SPECIFIES THE BREAKPOINT NUMBER, AND CAN BE BETWEEN 0-7. IF NO PARAMETERS ARE GIVEN, THE CURRENT BREAKPOINTS ARE DISPLAYED. COMMAND: COMPARE MEMORY BLOCKS FORMAT: C START END TARGET EXAMPLE: C 1000 2000 C000 FUNCTION: COMPARES THE MEMORY BETWEEN <START>-<END> WITH <TARGET>, AND PRINTS ANY DIFFERENCES FOUND. COMMAND: DISASSEMBLE MEMORY FORMAT: D [START[END]] EXAMPLE: D A474 A500 FUNCTION: DISPLAYS A DISASSEMBLY OF THE MEMORY BETWEEN <START>-<END>, IF BOTH PARAMETERS ARE SPECIFIED. IF ONLY <START> IS GIVEN, THE SINGLE INSTRUCTION AT THAT LOCATION IS DISPLAYED. IF NO PARAMETERS ARE SPECIFIED, THE INSTRUCTION AT THE CURRENT PC IS DISPLAYED. COMMAND: MEMORY DISPLAY WITH CHECKSUM FORMAT: E [START[END]] EXAMPLE: E 5F60 6000 FUNCTION: DISPLAYS MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> IN HEX FORMAT, 8 BYTESTO A LINE. AT THE END OF EACH LINE A 1-BYTE LINE CHECKSUM IS DISPLAYED. AFTER THE DISPLAY IS COMPLETE, A 2-BYTE TOTAL CHECKSUM IS SHOWN. IF ONLY 1 PARAMETER IS GIVEN, THE 8 BYTES FOLLOWING <START> ARE DISPLAYED. IF NO PARAMETERS ARE GIVEN, THE 8 BYTES FOLLOWING THE CURRENT PC ARE SHOWN. COMMAND: FILL MEMORY BLOCK WITH BYTE FORMAT: F START END BYTE EXAMPLE: F C000 CFFF 0 FUNCTION: FILLS ALL MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> WITH <BYTE>. IF BYTE ISN'T SPECIFIED IT DEFAULTS TO 00. COMMAND: EXECUTE PROGRAM FORMAT: G [ADDR] EXAMPLE: G C800 FUNCTION: PERFORMS A JSR TO <ADDR> IF GIVEN. IF NOT SPECIFIED, A JSR TO THE CURRENT PC TAKES PLACE. A USER PROGRAM MUST END WITH AN RTS OR BRK INSTRUCTION TO RETURN TO THE MONITOR. COMMAND: HUNT MEMORY FOR DATA FORMAT: H START END [NBR/STRING] EXAMPLE: H C000 C800 "TXT" 0 "MORE" 20 FUNCTION: SEARCHES MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> FOR THE STRING AND/OR NUMBER SEQUENCE GIVEN. ╔F A MATCH IS FOUND, THE ALL LOCATIONS OF THE OCCURANCE ARE DISPLAYED. COMMAND: SET/DISPLAY IRQ VECTOR FORMAT: I [ADDR] EXAMPLE: I CF00 FUNCTION: ALLOWS THE USER TO DEFINE A ROUTINE TO BE SERVICED BY THE 1/60 SEC. PROCESSOR INTERRUPT. THE ROUTINE SHOULD (NORMALLY) END WITH A JMP $EA31 INSTRUCTION. IF <ADDR> IS NOT GIVEN, THE CURRENT IRQ VECTOR (NORMALLY $EA31) IS DISPLAYED. COMMAND: RESET MONITOR FORMAT: J EXAMPLE: J FUNCTION: RE-INITIALIZES THE MONITOR AND DISPLAYS THE BOOT-UP SCREEN. SOME OF THE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED: IRQ IS RESET TO $EA31, ALL BREAKPOINTS ARE CLEARED, THE PSEUDO-REGISTERS ARE SET TO THEIR DEFAULT VALUES AND THE SCREEN/TEXT COLORS ARE RETURNED TO THEIR DEFAULT SETTINGS. COMMAND: "KILL" (RESET) A BREAKPOINT FORMAT: K [BP#] EXAMPLE: K 0 FUNCTION: RESETS THE BREAKPOINT SPECIFIED BY <BP#>. SPECIFICALLY, IT REMOVES THE BRK INSTRUCTION PLACED BY THE B (BREAKPOINT) COMMAND, AND REPLACES IT WITH IT'S FORMER CONTENTS. IF <BP#> IS NOT GIVEN, THE STATUS OF ALL 8 AVAILABLE BREAKPOINTS IS SHOWN. COMMAND: LOAD A FILE FROM DISK OR TAPE FORMAT: L "FILENAME" [DEVICE[ADDR]] EXAMPLE: L "A FILE" FUNCTION: LOADS A FILE FROM DISK OR TAPE INTO MEMORY. IF <DEVICE> IS NOT GIVEN, THE CURRENT DEFAULT IS USED (SEE THE "^" COMMAND FOR INFO ON THE DEFAULT DEVICE). IF <ADDR> IS NOT GIVEN, THE FILE IS LOADED AT IT'S INTERNAL "LOAD ADDRESS". IF GIVEN, THE FILE WILL BE FORCE-LOADED STARTING AT <ADDR>. COMMAND: MEMORY DUMP IN HEX & ASCII FORMAT: M [START[END]] EXAMPLE M A000 A400 FUNCTION: DISPLAYS THE CONTENTS OF MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> IN HEX AND ASCII, 8 BYTES TO A LINE. IF THE DISPLAY IS GOING TO THE PRINTER, NUMBERS0-31 AND 128-159 (DECIMAL) ARE CONVERTED TO "."'S BEFORE BEING DISPLAYED. IF GOING TO SCREEN, ONLY THE CARRIAGE RETURN (13 AND 141) IS CONVERTED - ALL OTHER BYTES ARE DISPLAYED AS IF IN "QUOTE MODE". AS WITH THE "E" COMMAND, ALL PARAMETERS ARE OPTIONAL. COMMAND: DYNAMIC MEMORY SCAN FORMAT: N ADDR EXAMPLE: N A0 FUNCTION: DISPLAYS THE MEMORY CONTENTS BETWEEN <ADDR> AND <ADDR>+$1F AT THE TOP OF THE SCREEN, AND UPDATES THIS DISPLAY CONTINUOUSLY. THIS IS USEFUL FOR EXAMINING HARDWARE LOCATIONS AND STORAGE AREAS FOR INTERRUPT ROUTINES (THE EXAMPLE SHOWS THE MEMORY USED BY THE KERNAL REAL-TIME CLOCK). THE SPACE BAR WILL "FREEZE" THE DISPLAY AND PRESSING RUN/STOP TERMINATES THE SCAN. COMMAND: OUTPUT REDIRECTION FORMAT: O [DEVICE[S.A.["TEXT"]]] EXAMPLE O 4 4 FUNCTION: OPENS A CHANNEL TO THE DEVICE SPECIFIED, AND REDIRECTS ALL MONITOR OUTPUT TO THIS DEVICE. ALL PARAMETERS ARE OPTIONAL, AND IF NONE ARE GIVEN THE OUTPUT IS DIRECTED BACK TO THE SCREEN. NOTE THAT THE N,W,P,@, AND ^ COMMANDS RESET OUTPUT REDIRECTION. COMMAND: DISPLAY DISK DIRECTORY FORMAT: P ["DIR MASK"[DEVICE]] EXAMPLE: P "MON*" FUNCTION: DISPLAYS THE DISK DIRECTORY ON <DEVICE> USING <"DIR MASK"> AS A DIRECTORY DISPLAY MASK (SEE YOUR DISK MANUAL FOR DETAILS ON THIS). IF <"DIR MASK"> IS NOT GIVEN, THE ENTIRE DIRECTORY IS DISPLAYED, IF <DEVICE> IS OMITTED, THE CURRENT DEFAULT IS USED. THIS COMMAND CAN ONLY BE USED ON DEVICES 8 AND ABOVE, OTHERWISE THE COMMAND IS IGNORED. COMMAND: EXIT MONITOR (COLD START) FORMAT: Q [ADDR] EXAMPLE: Q FUNCTION: RETURNS CONTROL BACK TO BASIC AFTER PERFORMING A "POWER ON" RESET. <ADDR> IS USUALLY NOT GIVEN, BUT IF IT IS, THE MONITOR WILL SIMPLY JUMP TO THE LOCATION GIVEN. (THE COLD START VECTOR CAN BE CHANGED - SEE THE "^" COMMAND). COMMAND: DISPLAY/CHANGE REGISTERS FORMAT: R [REGNAME VALUE] EXAMPLE: R A 20 FUNCTION: DISPLAYS THE CURRENT MONITOR "PSEUDO REGISTERS" THAT ARE RESTORED BEFORE EXECUTING THE G,Q, OR X COMMANDS.THIS COMMAND CAN ALSO BE USED TO CHANGE SINGLE REGISTERS BY SPECIFYING A REGISTER NAME (A,X,Y,S,P OR *) AND A NEW VALUE. THE REGISTER DISPLAY CONSISTSOF A BANNER WITH THE REGISTER VALUES DISPLAYED UNDERNEATH IT. THE STATUS REGISTER IS FURTHER BROKEN DOWN INTO IT'S RESPECTIVE FLAG VALUES, WITH A REVERSED LETTER REPRESENTING A 'SET' CONDITION. COMMAND: SAVE MEMORY TO DEVICE FORMAT: S "FILENAME" DEVICE START END EXAMPLE: S "TESTFILE" 8 C200 C3F0 FUNCTION: SAVES THE BLOCK OF MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> TO <DEVICE>. ALL PARAMETERS MUST BE GIVEN. COMMAND: MOVE (TRANSFER) MEMORY BLOCK FORMAT: T START END DESTINATION EXAMPLE: T A000 A400 C000 FUNCTION: PERFORMS A NON-DESTRUCTIVE MOVE OF THE MEMORY BETWEEN <START> AND <END> TO <DESTINATION>. IF THE BLOCKS OVERLAP, THE COMMAND WILL AUTOMATICALLY PERFORM THE TRANSFER IN THE NESSESARY DIRECTION TO PRESERVE THE DATA. COMMAND: USER-DEFINABLE COMMAND FORMAT: U [ANYTHING] EXAMPLE: U FUNCTION: THIS COMMAND IS OPEN-ENDED, WAITING FOR YOU TO IMPLIMENT. IT'S VECTOR MAY BE DEFINED BY USING THE 'V' COMMAND OR IN THE CONFIGURATION MODE. FOR DIRECTIONS ON IMPLIMENTATION, REFER TO THE ARTICLE. COMMAND: DEFINE USER VECTOR FORMAT: V [ADDR] EXAMPLE: V C000 FUNCTION: SETS THE USER (U) COMMAND EXECUTION VECTOR TO <ADDR>. (THIS CAN ALSO BE DONE IN CONFIGURATION MODE). IF NO <ADDR> IS GIVEN, THE CURRENT USER VECTOR IS DISPLAYED. COMMAND: SINGLE-STEP (WALK) PROGRAM FORMAT: W [ADDR[AR[XR[YR[SP[SR]]]]]] EXAMPLE: W C000 FUNCTION: THIS IS PERHAPS ONE OF THE MOST USEFUL MONITOR COMMANDS. IT ALLOWS YOU TO SINGLE-STEP A MACHINE LANGUAGE PROGRAM. WHEN THIS COMMAND IS EXECUTED, THE MONITOR GOES INTO "WALK MODE", DISPLAYING THE REGISTERS, THE INSTRUCTION TO BE EXECUTED, AND SOME DIRECTIONS. FOR MORE INFO, REFER TO THE ARTICLE. COMMAND: EXIT MONITOR (WARM START) FORMAT: X [ADDR] EXAMPLE: X FUNCTION: BASICALLY THE SAME AS THE "Q" COMMAND, EXECPT THE MONITOR TERMINATES TO THE BASIC WARM START ("READY") VECTOR. THE WARM START CAN BE CHANGED IN THE CONFIGURATION MODE. CAUTION MANY ML OPERATIONS CHANGE THE BASIC POINTERS AND USING X TO EXIT THE MONITOR CAN LOCK UP THE COMPUTER. COMMAND: SET TEXT & SCREEN COLORS FORMAT: Z TEXT [BACKGND[BORDER]] EXAMPLE: Z 1 0 FUNCTION: ALLOWS YOU TO SET THE TEXT AND SCREEN COLORS TO YOUR LIKING. THE <TEXT> COLOR MUST BE GIVEN, AND <BACKGND> AND <BORDER> ARE OPTIONAL. COLORS RANGE FROM 0-15 (DECIMAL). COMMAND: COMMENT LINE FORMAT: % [ANYTHING] EXAMPLE % THIS IS A COMMENT FUNCTION: NONE. THE TEXT AFTER THE "%" IS IGNORED. (USEFUL FOR NULLIFYING LINES WHEN USING THE SCREEN EDITOR TO MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE) COMMAND: CONVERT NUMBER TO OTHER FORMS FORMAT: # [NUMBER] EXAMPLE: # 34F0 FUNCTION: ALLOWS YOU TO CONVERT A NUMBER IN ONE FORM TO THE FOUR STANDARD MONITOR FORMS - HEX, DECIMAL, ASCII AND BINARY. THIS COMMAND WILL DISPLAY A LINE CONTAINING THESE EQUIVILENTS FOR THE NUMBER GIVEN. COMMAND: ADD NUMBERS FORMAT: + NBR1 NBR2 EXAMPLE: + 400 &120 FUNCTION: ADDS THE TWO NUMBERS TOGETHER USING UNSIGNED 16-BIT ARITHMETIC, AND DISPLAYS THE RESULT IN HEX, DECIMAL, ASCII AND BINARY (AS WITH THE "#" COMMAND). COMMAND: SUBTRACT NUMBERS FORMAT: - NBR1 NBR2 EXAMPLE - 130 C82F FUNCTION: SUBRACTS <NBR1> FROM <NBR2> USING UNSIGNED 16-BIT ARITHMETIC, AND PRINTS THE RESULT IN HEX, DECIMAL, ASCII AND BINARY (EG: # AND + COMMANDS) BOTH THE "+" AND "-" COMMANDS WILL NOT DISPLAY ANY CARRY RESULTING FROM THEIR OPERATION. COMMAND: DISPLAY HELP FILE FORMAT: ? ["FILENAME"[DEVICE]] EXAMPLE: ? FUNCTION: NORMALLY PRINTS THE "DEFAULT" HELP FILE WHICH YOU ARE READING RIGHT NOW IN PAGINATED (22 LINES/PG) FORMAT. IF <"FILENAME"> IS SPECIFIED, THAT FILE WILL BE PRINTED, ASSUMING IT EXISTS AND THAT IT IS A SEQENTIAL FILE (TYPE SEQ). IF <DEVICE> IS NOT GIVEN, THE DEFAULT IS ASSUMED. IF YOU DO NOT WISH TO VIEW THE ENTIRE HELP FILE, PRESSING RUN/STOP WILL ABORT THIS COMMAND. NOTE THAT IF PARAMETERS ARE GIVEN, THE FILE SPECIFIED WILL BECOME THE "DEFAULT" HELP FILE (THIS CAN ALSO BE SET IN CONFIGURATION MODE). COMMAND: I/O TO DISK COMMAND CHANNEL FORMAT: @ ["DISKCMD"[DEVICE]] EXAMPLE: @ "N:NEW DISK,00" FUNCTION: ACTS MUCH LIKE THE COMMODORE DISK WEDGE, ALLOWING YOU TO EITHER CHECK THE STATUS OF THE DEFAULT DISK CHANNEL (NO PARAMETERS), OR SEND A DISK COMMAND TO A DISK <DEVICE>. IF <DEVICE> IS NOT GIVEN, THE DEFAULT IS ASSUMED. IF THE <DEVICE> NUMBER IS <8, THE COMMAND IS IGNORED. NOTE THAT YOU CAN CHECK THE STATUS OF A DRIVE OTHER THAN THE DEFAULT BY SPECIFIYING A "NULL STRING"; E.G. @ "" 9 COMMAND: MODIFY MEMORY FORMAT: : [ADDR[BYTES]] EXAMPLE: : C800 "X" $50 &120 %11010 FUNCTION: ALLOWS YOU TO CHANGE THE CONTENTS OF MEMORY TO ANY DESIRED VALUE (0-FF HEX). NOTE THAT THE "E" AND "M" COMMANDS PREFIX THEIR DISPLAYS WITH A ":", ALLOWING YOU TO USE THE SCREEN EDITOR TO EDIT A MEMORY DISPLAY. IF <ADDR> OR <BYTES> ARE OMITTED, THE COMMAND IS IGNORED AND THE NORMAL MONITOR PROMPT RETURNS, OTHERWISE THE NEXT AVAILABLE ADDRESS IS DISPLAYED AS A PROMPT. COMMAND: PUT TEXT IN MEMORY FORMAT: ! [ADDR["TEXT"]] EXAMPLE: ! C000 "TEXT AT $C000" FUNCTION: SIMILAR IN WAYS TO THE ":" COMMAND, BUT ALLOWS AN ASCII STRING TO BE PUT DIRECTLY INTO MEMORY (INSTEAD OF NUMERIC DATA). PARAMETER HANDLING IS THE SAME AS THE ":" COMMAND. COMMAND: "MASS" REGISTER CHANGE FORMAT: ; [PC[AR[XR[YR[SP[SR]]]]]] EXAMPLE: ; C000 10 0 0 E0 0 FUNCTION: USED TO SET THE MONITOR'S INTERNAL "PSEUDO REGISTERS" THAT ARE RESTORED BEFORE THE G,Q,W, OR X COMMANDS ARE EXECUTED. USUALLY, YOU WOULD USE THE "R" COMMAND TO OBTAIN A REGISTER VALUE DISPLAY (WHICH IS PREFIXED BY A ";" FOR YOUR CONVINIENCE) AND THEN USE THE SCREEN EDITOR TO MODIFY THE DESIRED REGISTERS. COMMAND: ENTER CONFIGURATION MODE FORMAT: ^ EXAMPLE: ^ FUNCTION: THIS COMMAND IS USED TO ENTER THE MONITOR'S CONFIGURATION SCREEN, WHERE SEVERAL MISCELLANEOUS PARAMETERS SUCH AS THE DEFAULT I/O DEVICE, HELP FILE NAME, WARM,COLD AND USER VECTORS, HELP FILE NAME, ET CETRA CAN BE SET AND PERMANANTLY SAVED TO DISK OR TAPE. FOR MORE INFORMATION, REFER TO THE ARTICLE. OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION: ON SPECIFIYING PARAMETERS: STRING PARAMETERS (SUCH AS FILENAMES) MUST BE ENTERED BETWEEN DOUBLE QUOTES ("). ADDRESSES AND BYTE PARAMETERS CAN BE ENTERED IN ANY ONE OF FOUR FORMS: HEXDECIMAL: OPTIONAL $ PREFIX; $C000 DECIMAL: & PREFIX: E.G. &49152 ASCII: " PREFIX; E.G. "A" BINARY: % PREFIX; E.G. %1010010111 OUTPUT CONTROL: FOR COMMANDS THAT COULD POTENTIALLY PRODUCE VOLUMINOUS OUTPUT, THE SPACE BAR CAN BE USED TO HALT THE COMMAND OUTPUT, AND THE RUN/STOP KEY CAN BE USED TO ABORT IT. THE COMMANDS THAT THIS WORKS FOR ARE C,D,E,H, AND M. NOTES ON OUTPUT REDIRECTION: MOST COMMANDS WILL WORK NORMALLY WHEN THE "O" COMMAND IS USED TO REDIRECT OUTPUT, BUT SOME COMMANDS OBJECT TO THIS, NAMELY THE N,P,W,@ AND ^ COMMANDS. THESE COMMANDS WILL USUALLY RESET OUTPUT REDIRECTION. "NEXT ADDRESS" PROMPTING - THE A,:, AND ! COMMANDS WILL DISPLAY THE NEXT AVAILABLE MEMORY LOCATION PREFIXED WITH THEIR RESPECTIVE COMMAND SYMBOLS AS A PROMPT AFTER THEY ARE DONE EXECUTING. SIMPLY PRESS <RETURN> AFTER THIS PROMPT TO RETURN TO THE NORMAL MONITOR PROMPT IF YOU DO NOT WISH TO ENTER MORE DATA. THE W AND ^ ARE MORE COMPLEX COMMANDS, AND HAVE THEIR OWN SPECIAL PROMPTS. THE END !!!!!