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GDeH_Basics
PRG formatted GEOS file V1.0
CONVERTED WITH geoZIP V0.8
Write Image V2.1
geoWrite V2.1
`2GeoDOS Basics`
In this section you will find information on the
basic handling of GeoDOS.
_____________________________________
`2A Program by:`
M. Kanet
Leonberger Stra~e 15
70839 Gerlingen
Telefon: 07156 / 23927
T-Online: 0715623927-1
`2*** Attention ***`
No e-mails via the
FUN! - Internet-GateWay!
`321NOTE: Markus Kanet no longer supports GeoDOS.
_____________________________________
`2*** End ***
*** End ***
`2GeoDOS Basics`
`2Table of Contents`
Topic Page
_____________________________________
`1Main Index`
`1Basics` 3
- General
- Status Boxes
- Info boxes
- Diskette error displays
`1Overall View of Errors` 4
^`1Standard Diskette Errors` 5
^`1Serious Diskette Errors` 6
^`1PC-DOS Diskette Errors` 7
`1Things Worth Knowing about PC-DOS Diskettes` 8
`1The Drive Selection Box`
^`1Selecting Target Drive` 10
^`1Selecting Source and Target Drive` 11
`1Roll arrows and Roll bars` 12
`1The File Selection Box`
^`1Description` 13
^`1Explanation of the Icons` 14
^`1Changing Drives` 15
^`1Changing Partitions and Directories` 16
^`1PC-DOS / Native Mode Sub-Directories` 17
`1The Register System` 18
`1Text Input` 19
`1The Translation Tables of GeoDOS`
_____________________________________
`2*** End ***`
"GDeH_Index",02
"GDeH_Basics",03
"GDeH_Basics",04
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"GDeH_Basics",06
"GDeH_Basics",07
"GDeH_Basics",08
"GDeH_Basics",10
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"GDeH_Basics",12
"GDeH_Basics",13
"GDeH_Basics",13
"GDeH_Basics",14
"GDeH_Basics",15
"GDeH_Basics",16
"GDeH_Basics",17
"GDeH_Basics",18
"GDeH_Basics",19
"GDeH_Tables",02
by pressing C= and * together. The
custom font used to create the GeoHelp Files has
substituted other special characters and the 'tilde'
can not be displayed here. BT
_____________________________________
`2Basics`
GeoDOS operates exclusively with Menu Icons.
Pull-down menus as used in other GEOS programs
(such as GeoWrite) were not very clear.
GeoDOS lets you see which ICONs are active by
the contents of the header menu at the top of
the display screen.
_____________________________________
^ GeoDOS System Messages:
`321`40100 When you see a status box with this
`321`40101 Icon geoDOS is telling you of an error
`321`40102 in the running program.
`321`40200 When you see a status box with this
`321`40201 Icon geoDOS is offering you a choice
`321`40202 between different possible options.
`361`40300 Status Boxes with this Icon only
`361`40301 indicate a finished process and do
`361`40302 not signal any errors.
_____________________________________
^ GeoDOS Info Boxes:
`361`40300 GeoDOS always displays what operation
`361`40301 is currently in progress. For that purpose
`361`40302 t
he program uses
Info Boxes.
_____________________________________
^ Diskette Errors:
Generally geoDOS traps all Disk Errors. A Status
Box will then display the exact error and its code.
You will find a list of all error codes in the
section `1Error Messages`.
`2*** End ***`
"GDeH_Basics",04
H_Basics",13
"GDeH_Basics",14
"GDeH_Basics",15
"GDeH_Basics",16
"GDeH_Basics",17
"GDeH_Basics",18
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"GDeH_Tab
`2Overall View of Error Messages`
GeoDOS should trap most Diskette Errors. The
program displays the error code and description
in plain text.
^`1Standard Diskette Errors`
^`1Serious Diskette Errors`
^`1PC-DOS Diskette Errors`
Just click your mouse on "OK" and you will be
returned back to the menu.
Press <F1> and you are able to get further info
about the error messages (if the Help System is
available).
Additionally you may get the Error Message:
# System Error!
GeoDOS can no longer locate the main program on
the startup drive (and with CMD devices also the
startup Partition).
Either the diskette with geoDOS is damaged or
the diskette with the geoDOS programs has been
removed from the drive. This error can also occur
if the external floppy holding the geoDOS System
is write-protected.
`2*** END ***
"GDeH_Basics",05
"GDeH_Basics",06
"GDeH_Basics",07
geoDOS traps all Disk Errors. A Status
Box will then display the exact error and its code.
You will find a list of all error codes in the
section `1Err
`2Standard Diskette Errors`
First the Error Messages for the Commodore
Diskettes (correspond to the standard messages
you will see under the Desktop):
_____________________________________
# $01 1 No space for further data on
current Diskette.
^ No more data could be stored
on this diskette.
# $02 2 Invalid Sector Link Address
^ File/Diskette is damaged.
# $03 3 Total of free memory on diskette
is not sufficient.
^ Memory on Diskette is not
sufficient for desired function.
# $04 4 Table of Contents is full.
^ GEOS can store a max. of 144
files in the Table of Contents.
# $05 5 File not Found.
^ File was not found on Diskette.
Can also occur if file is not in
the first 144 files on the diskette.
# $06 6 BAM is corrupt.
^ Diskette directory is defective.
Remedy by choosing Validate
Disk in the GeoDOS System Menu.
# $07 7 VLIR File not yet opened.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $08 8 Invalid Data Address in the VLIR
File.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $09 9 Too many Data Records in the
VLIR File.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $0A 10 Incorrect File Structure.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $0B 11 Buffer Overflow on Load.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $0C 12 Intentional Termination Error.
^ Failure in the Application.
# $0D 13 Device Not Available.
^ You tried to access a Device
which is not connected.
# $0E 14 Incorrect Graphics Mode (C128 only).
Related Topics:
^`1Serious Diskette Errors`
^`1PC-DOS Diskette Errors`
`2*** END ***
"GDeH_Basics",06
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`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",08
Basics",08
the space
being wasted. Do not be surprised when GeoDOS
reports: "Not sufficient available free storage on
the D
`2Serious Diskette Errors`
The following errors may indicate an unformatted
or defective Diskette:
_____________________________________
# $20 32 File Header not found.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $21 33 No SYNC Markings on current
Diskette.
^ Diskette is unformatted or is
copy-protected.
# $22 34 Data Block does not exist.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $23 35 Data Checksum error.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $25 37 Errors during writing.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $26 38 Diskette Write-Protected.
^ An attempt was made to write
data to a diskette that is Write-
Protected.
# $27 39 Header Checksum error.
^ Diskette is damaged.
Error Messages passed directly to GeoDOS from the
Floppy Controller:
_____________________________________
# $29 41 Incorrect Diskette ID.
^ Diskette was not formatted
properly. Copy all data off of the
Diskette to a new diskette and
reformat the failed diskette.
# $2A 42 Unknown Diskette Format
^ An attempt was made to access
a disk with the Standard Disk
routines (e.g. a PC-DOS Diskette).
The CMD FD Drive produces this
error occasionally for inexplicable
reasons. One solution is to simply
remove the disk from the drive and
reinsert it.
# $2E 46 Byte Decoding Error.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $73 115 Diskette with false DOS signature.
^ Diskette is damaged.
Related Topics:
^`1Standard Diskette Errors`
^`1PC-DOS Diskette Errors`
`2*** END ***
"GDeH_Basics",05
"GDeH_Basics",07
`1Serious Diskette Errors`
^`1PC-DOS Diskette Errors`
`2*** END ***
"GDeH_B
`2PC-DOS Diskette Errors`
GeoDOS Errors on PC-DOS Diskettes:
____________________________________
# $40 64 Boot Sector not found.
^ No PC-DOS Diskette.
# $41 65 FAT cannot be loaded.
^ No PC-DOS Diskette.
# $42 66 FAT incompatible.
^ Diskette has more than 4096
Clusters, does not occur to 99.9%.
See ^`1PC-DOS Diskette format`
# $43 67 Sector cannot be loaded.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $44 68 Sector cannot be stored on Diskette.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $45 69 Cluster cannot be read.
^ Diskette is damaged.
# $46 70 FAT cannot be written.
^ Diskette is damaged or no
PC-DOS Diskette.
# $47 71 No room for more files in the
Main Index.
See ^`1PC-DOS Diskette format`
# $48 72 No room for more files in the
sub-directory.
See ^`1PC-DOS Diskette format`
# $49 73 Diskette full.
See ^`1PC-DOS Diskette format`
Related Topics:
^`1Things Worth Knowing about PC-DOS Diskettes`
^`1Standard Diskette Errors`
^`1Serious Diskette Errors`
`2*** END ***
"GDeH_Basics",08
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error occ
`2Things Worth Knowing about PC-DOS Diskettes`
PC-DOS Diskettes are constructed differently than
Commodore Diskettes. Some of the terms and
concepts of PC-DOS Diskettes are explained here.
# Block:
Smallest storage unit on a Commodore Diskette.
Can hold a maximum of 254 data Bytes.
# Sector:
Smallest storage unit on a PC-DOS Diskette.
Can hold a maximum of 512 data Bytes.
# Cluster:
Smallest PC-DOS unit to store Files (not data).
Usually consists of 1 or 2 Sectors. May also consist
of a multiple number of sectors (4, 8...).
In contrast to Commodore Diskettes, on which a
file is stored in individual blocks, programs on
PC-DOS Diskettes are stored in Clusters. This is
important because the number of files stored on
a Diskette is dependent on this.
On Commodore Diskettes you can save as many
files to disk as there are Free Blocks. On PC-DOS
Diskettes the number of files that can be stored is
dependent on the number of Free Clusters and not
the number of Free Bytes or Sectors on Diskette.
Example:
# On a PC-DOS Diskette the Table of Contents
shows 9216 Bytes free.
# The Diskette is organized in Clusters of two
512 Byte Sectors.
# Each Cluster, then, consists of 1024 Bytes
(the equivalent of 2 Sectors * 512 Bytes).
# Therefore, 9 Clusters are still available.
(9 * 1024 = 9216 Bytes)
# You wish to copy 32 Files of 250 Bytes
each onto this Diskette.
# 32 Files * 250 Bytes needs a total of
8000 Bytes of storage space.
Theoretically the space would be sufficient on the
diskette (space required is 8000 Bytes while the
PC-DOS Diskette says it has 9216 Bytes free).
However, because files are stored only in entire
Clusters, there is only room for 9 Files as there
are only 9 Clusters Free.
In this case each Cluster (totalling 1024 Bytes) will
hold only 250 Bytes with the rest of the space
being wasted. Do not be surprised when GeoDOS
reports: "Not sufficient available free storage on
the Diskette" even though sufficient Free Bytes are
available. In this case it is the total number of
files that is too large and not the size of the files.
_____________________________________
`1>> Continue >>`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",09
`2Things Worth Knowing about PC-DOS Diskettes`
There is, however, another case for this error
message to appear: if the directory index of the
disk gets full. Now, perhaps, you know that under
GEOS a Directory can hold a maximum of 144 Files
(1581 directories theoretically can hold 296 entries).
On PC-DOS diskettes there is also a limitation for
the Main Index. It is limited in its length. The
Main Index can hold a different number of
entries. On 720 KB diskettes you can have 112
entries. On 1.44 MB diskettes you can have up to
244 entries. These values can also differ from
Diskette to Diskette. PC-DOS Sub-Directories are
limited in their length only by the amount of
available Diskette Storage.
`361Notes for Windows 95`
Since the introduction of the "Windows 95" Opera-
ting System for PCs Microsoft has made it possible
to create files with up to 255 characters in their
names. Each program then has two names:
# The first filename is the one entered by the
user with up to 255 characters.
# The second filename gets created by
Windows 9x and is in the '8+3' format.
An Example:
The File "HomeBudget 1997" will be converted
to the additional filename of "HOMEBU<tilde>1".
GeoDOS is not capable of handling the new, long
filenames! GeoDOS only indicates the '8+3' file-
name in all menus.
`321Note:` When using regular GEOS fonts the 'tilde' is
available by pressing C= and * together. The
custom font used to create the GeoHelp Files has
substituted other special characters and the 'tilde'
can not be displayed here. BT
_____________________________________
`1<< Back <<`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",08
Basics",08
the space
being wasted. Do not be surprised when GeoDOS
reports: "Not sufficient available free storage on
the D
`2The Drive Selection Box`
`2Select Target Drive`
This opens a selection window that appears as
follows (according to the drive configuration of
your system the appropriate Drive Icons will be
shown):
`321`40100
`3B1`40101
`3B1`40102
`3B1`40103
`3B1`40104
`3B1`40105
`3B1`40106
`3B1`40107
`3B1`40108
`3B1`40109
`3B1`40110
`3B1`40111
`3B1`40112
`3B1`40113
`3B1`40114
`3B1`40115
In the middle of the box you see your C-64 and
below it your Drive Configuration. The Drives are
shown from left to right - A: to D:. All Drives are
represented by the corresponding Drive Symbol
(see the section ^`1System Requirements`).
The Drive that GeoDOS will access is connected to
the C-64 with a line. If the desired Drive is already
connected to the C-64 simply click on the "OK"
Icon and the Selection Box will disappear. If you
would like to select a different Drive simply click
on the appropriate Icon with the mouse and the
Drive Selection Box will close automatically.
In the selection of PC-DOS Drives there is a
special feature: The Selection Box will only
appear if more than one 3.5" Drive is connected to
your C-64. If that is not the case, the program will
automatically access the only PC-DOS compatible
Disk Drive.
The Help System is available with the <F1> key.
Related Topics:
^`1Source and Target Drive Selection`
`2*** End ***`
"GDeH_Install",04
"GDeH_Basics",11
egular
`2The Drive Selection Box`
`2Source and Target Drive Selection`
A Selection Box with your Drive Configuration
opens here like this:
`321`40100
`3B1`40101
`3B1`40102
`3B1`40103
`3B1`40104
`3B1`40105
`3B1`40106
`3B1`40107
`3B1`40108
`3B1`40109
`3B1`40110
`3B1`40111
`3B1`40112
`3B1`40113
`3B1`40114
`3B1`40115
This Selection Box is different than the one under
^`1Select Target Drive` in that the C-64 is in the
middle but now the Source Drives are above and
the Target Drives are below. If you copy data the
direction is always from above to below via the
C-64. The communication path is shown by a line
from the Source Drive to the C-64 to the Target
Drive. The Drives are selected by a Mouse Click on
the corresponding Drive Symbol. To leave the
Selection Box simply click on the "OK" button with
your Mouse.
The Help System is available with the <F1> key.
Related Topics:
^`1Select Target Drive`
`2*** End ***`
"GDeH_Basics",10
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special feature: The Selection Box will only
appear if more than one 3.5" Drive is connected to
your C-64. If that is not the case, the program will
`2Roll Arrows and Roll Bars`
To be able to represent a larger amount of data
than what can fit into the display window the
program uses the Roll Bar.
`30D`40100 `40200
`30D`40101 `40201
`30D`40102 `40202
`30D`40103 `40203
`30D`40104 `40204
`30D`40105 `40205
`30D`40106 `40206
`30D`40107 `40207
`30D`40108 `40208
`30D`40109 `40209
The roll bar graphically indicates the quantity of
data that is represented in the display Window. If
less data is available than the size of the display
window then no roll bar will be shown.
You can shift the position of the display window
by shifting the position of the roll bar. If you click
with your mouse on the roll bar you can move it
towards the top or bottom. When you release the
Mouse button the new position will be calculated
and displayed.
`2*** End ***`
`2The File Selection Box`
This Selection Box varies for different uses. Here
you can select files to copy, select a new printer
driver or determine the mode to format a disk.
A Selection Box like this can hold a maximum of
255 files. Entries are selected by clicking with the
Mouse.
`321`40100
`3B1`40101
`3B1`40102
`3B1`40103
`3B1`40104
`3B1`40105
`3B1`40106
`3B1`40107
`3B1`40108
`3B1`40109
`3B1`40110
`3B1`40111
`3B1`40112
`3B1`40113
`3B1`40114
`3B1`40115
The appearance of the box changes with its use.
headline,
CLOSE Icon
and the
the roll bar
will appear in each case. The Drive and Partition
cannot be changed in every Selection Box.
Related Topics:
^`1Roll Arrows and Roll Bars`
^`1Explanation of the Icons`
^`1Drive Selection`
^`1Partition Selection`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",12
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`2The File Selection Box`
`2Explanation of the Icons`
`30D`40100 In a single file selection this Icon
`30D`40101 terminates the selection process.
If you must select a file then click
on the filename with your mouse.
If you are allowed to select multiple files (e.g. in
the File Copy process) you can confirm your
selections with a single Mouse Click on this Icon.
In certain situations this Icon can possess a third
function: browsing ahead.
PC-DOS directories can possess more than 255
file entries - they are only limited by the disk
space. If a directory has more than 255 entries you
can display the next 255 entries in the directory by
pressing this Icon. If the end of the directory is
reached then it wraps around to the start again.
`30D`40200 This Icon concludes the file selection
`30D`40201 immediately (think CANCEL).
`30D`40300 This Icon appears only if you are able
`30D`40301 to select multiple files. This Icon then
toggles all files on or all files off.
Related Topics:
^`1Roll Arrows and Roll Bars`
^`1The File Selection Box`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",12
"GDeH_Basics",13
your C-64. If that is not the case, the program will
`2The File Selection Box`
`2Drive Selection`
If you select files the current drive appears
below the file window. If you have the option to
change the drive a small arrow appears
`30D`40100 beside the drive window. A Mouse Click on
this arrow will open a window with all
available drives. In order to select a new drive
a simple mouse click on the drive entry will work.
In order to conclude the Drive Selection simply
click in any unoccupied area of the window.
With PC-DOS functions this arrow is also displayed.
However, no list of drives appears but you will
be prompted to put a new diskette into the drive.
If the drive information pertains to a CMD Drive
then beside the Drive box is displayed the Partition
Name. If the drive is not a CMD Drive then the
name of the current disk is displayed.
Related Topics:
^`1The File Selection Box`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",13
sics",13
`2The File Selection Box`
`2Change Partition and Directory`
If the current drive is a CMD Device (CMD RAMLink,
CMD HD or CMD FD) then a window will appear in
the lower right listing the active partition
(e.g. P015).
If you would like to change the Partition then
move your mouse over the following Icon
`30D`40100 and you will open up a Partition Selection box
with a simple Mouse Click.
The program will then determine all compatible
partitions on the current drive. If more than one
partition is on the drive then a Selection Box will
open. Change the partition by clicking on the
corresponding entry with your mouse button.
If the current drive is a Native-Mode Drive then
GeoDOS checks for sub-directories.
If sub-directories exist then GeoDOS will present
them in another selection box. When you are in
the desired sub-directory press the "OK" button.
You can use the "Abbruch" or "Cancel" button to
cancel the selection and return to the File
Selection Box.
Related Topics:
^`1The File Selection Box`
`2*** END ***`
"GDeH_Basics",13
sics",13
asics",13
`2The File Selection Box`
`2Sub-Directories under PC-DOS / Native-Mode`
If you have the option to change sub-directories
in a File Selection Box then the sub-directories
always show up at the start of the file list and
are marked with a ' > ' symbol.
Within the sub-directories there are always two
entries meaning:
> . Open Index again.
> . . Go back to previous directory.
The function of these entries came from PC-DOS
and were incorporated into Native-Mode for
compatibility.
In order to open a sub-directory select it by click-
ing once on it with your Mouse Pointer. GeoDOS
will close the File Selection Box, open the desired
sub-directory and display its contents in a new
File Selection Box.
`2*** END ***`
ub-directories exist then GeoDOS will present
them in another selection box. When you are in
the desired sub-directory press the "OK" button.
You can use
`2The Register System`
Some GeoDOS Menus would offer a lot of infor-
mation to the user. In order to present this quantity
of information clearly, GeoDOS makes use of a
Register System:
`321`40100
`40101
`40102
`40103
`40104
`361`40105
`40106
`40107
`40108
`40109
`40110
`40111
`40112
The above example comes out of the PC-DOS File
Print Menu. Here the user has two Registers
available:
# Printer and
# Options
Each of these Registers can be opened with a
simple Mouse Click. After that the corresponding
menu will open.
`2*** End ***
with your Mouse Pointer. GeoDOS
will close the File Selection Box, open the desired
sub-direct
`2Text Input`
At some places in the program the user must
input some information from the keyboard. There
are some GEOS programs that patch the Input
Routine to make keyboard input more comfortable.
If you experience problems during text input you
will find that the patch program is responsible for
that. Simply remove the patch program from your
GEOS Boot disk and start GEOS again.
`2*** END ***
# Printer and
`2Text Input`
At some places in the program the user must
input some information at the keyboard. There are
some GEOS programs that patch the Input Routine
to make keyboard input more comfortable. If you
should experience
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