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Path: xanth!mcnc!gatech!bloom-beacon!bu-cs!mirror!necntc!ncoast!allbery From: gregg@a.cs.okstate.edu (Gregg Wonderly) Newsgroups: comp.sources.misc Subject: v04i098: TPUVI for VMS part 7 of 17 Message-ID: <8809210844.AA27517@uunet.UU.NET> Date: 27 Sep 88 01:51:50 GMT Sender: allbery@ncoast.UUCP Reply-To: gregg@a.cs.okstate.edu (Gregg Wonderly) Lines: 778 Approved: allbery@ncoast.UUCP Posting-number: Volume 4, Issue 98 Submitted-by: "Gregg Wonderly" <gregg@a.cs.okstate.edu> Archive-name: vms-vi-2/Part07 $ show default $ if f$search("DOC.DIR;1") .eqs. "" then - CREATE/LOG/DIRECTORY [.DOC] $ write sys$output "Creating [.DOC]VI_2.RNO" $ create [.DOC]VI_2.RNO $ DECK/DOLLARS="*$*$*EOD*$*$*" .if system .I-1 2 Set_options .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Set options\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s The ":set", EX, command allows you to change the behavior of VI under certain circumstances. There are several characteristics that you may or may not wish to make use of. Therefore, these can be altered by setting options. Below is a list of options that you can set using the ":set" command. Some of these options are either ON or OFF, and some have values. The proper syntax for changing the option therefore varies, and is outlined with each option. .s .if system .I-1 3 Auto_Send_to_DCL .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Auto Send to DCL\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]senddcl Determines whether or not pressing <RETURN> while in the DCL buffer, and while in insert mode, causes the current line to be sent to the DCL subprocess. If senddcl is in effect, then pressing return while you are in the DCL buffer will cause the current line to be sent to the DCL subprocess. The line typed, as well as the output from the DCL command is part of the undo region that is deleted if you use undo after the DCL command output appears in the DCL buffer. See the HELP section on the DCL process for more information. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Auto_line_wrap .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Auto line wrap\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set wrapmargin=integer Sets the number of columns from the right margin at which VI will wrap text to the beginning of the next line. Normally, no wrapping is done, i.e. wrapmargin=0 is in effect. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Auto_write .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Auto write\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]autowrite Determines whether or not modified buffers are automatically written out when you map a different buffer to the window that a modified buffer is mapped to. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Case_insensitive_search .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Case insensitive search\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]ignorecase Determines whether or not case is ignored during string search operations. Normally, case is ignored. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Change_file_list .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Change file list\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set file[s] <file spec> Changes the list of files to edit to be those specified by <file spec>. <file spec> should be a single filespec, or a comma separated list. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Error_bells .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Error Bells\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]errorbells Determines whether or not a bell is sounded when certain errors occur. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Expand_tabs .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Expand tabs\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]tabs Determines whether or not tabs are expanded to the proper number of spaces as you type. "notabs" will cause tabs to be expanded. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Line_report .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Line report\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set report=integer Sets the number of lines at which VI will tell you what you did. E.g. if you type, 2yy, then VI will quietly yank 2 lines. If you type, 10yy, then VI will tell you "10 lines yanked", providing report is set to some number less than 10. The same thing occurs for deletion, and put operations. If more than 'report' lines are added/deleted, then VI tells you about it. Report is set to 5 by default. .EL .if system .I-1 3 No_write .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*No write\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]write Modifies the internal TPU flags for the current buffer that tell TPU whether or not to ignore modifications to a buffer. This flag is examined during exit from VI to determine whether or not to prompt you to write out the buffer. ":quit" will ignore modified buffers that have this flag set. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Paragraph_delimiters .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Paragraph delimiters\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set paragraphs=<pairs> Sets pairs of characters that are assumed to occur at the beginning of the line following a ".". It is usually the case that these pairs of characters are RUNOFF commands. In VI under UNIX, these pairs are NROFF formatting commands. A single character, as in .P, should be followed by a space in the string of pairs of characters. If a paragraph movement (i.e. } or {) fails to locate any of the specified patterns, then the next blank line will be searched for. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Read_only_files .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Read Only Files\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]readonly Changes the /READONLY attributes of a buffer. If /READONLY is present on the command line when the editor starts, then all buffers during that session of the editor will be created with the attribute, readonly. These buffers can not be written out on exit, and if any are modified, you must use the :q! command to exit the editor. A buffer that is :set noreadonly will be written out apon exit. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Regular_expression_use .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Regular expression use\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]magic Determines whether or not regular expressions are used in search strings. By default, regular expressions are used. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Screen_length .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Screen length\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set window=lines Sets the length of the screen in lines that is used by VI. The UNIX version of VI chooses to use the bottom of the screen as the base of a small window. The TPU version uses the top of the screen. The maximum number of lines is terminal dependent, the minimum is 3. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Screen_width .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Screen width\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set width=cols Sets the width of the current window to the specified value. The maximum setting is terminal dependent, while the minimum is left up to the user. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Scroll_amount .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Scroll amount\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set scroll=integer Sets the default number of lines that the window scrolls when ^D or ^U is typed. This number can also be set by preceeding ^D or ^U with a count. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Section_delimiters .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Section delimiters\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set sections=<pairs> Sets pairs of characters that are assumed to occur at the beginning of the line following a ".". It is usually the case that these pairs of characters are RUNOFF commands. In VI under UNIX, these pairs are NROFF formatting commands. A single character, as in .P, should be followed by a space in the string of pairs of characters. There are some pairs of characters that are exceptions. The pair of characters, +c, really means a single '{' at the beginning of the line. The pair of characters, +f, really means the string, subroutine, or the string, function, anywhere in the line. The pair of characters, +t, really means the string, procedure, at the beginning of the line. If a section movement (i.e. ]] or [[) fails, then the next blank line will also be searched for. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Shift_width .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Shift width\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set shiftwidth=integer Sets the number of columns that text is to be shifted by when the shift left or shift right commands are executed. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Show_settings .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Show settings\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set all Displays the current values of the options. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Tab_stops .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Tab stops\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set tabstops=integer Sets the number of columns on the screen that is used to represent a tabstop. The default is eight. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Tag_Case .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Tag Case\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]tagcase Determines whether or not the case of a tag is recognized when searching for it. For case insensitive languages or facilities, set notagcase should be used, otherwise the default, tagcase, is sufficient. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Tags_files .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Tags files\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set tags=<file list> Sets the list of files that are used to resolve tag references. Each file name should be separated by a space. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Type_ahead .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Type ahead\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]update Determines whether or not an explicit TPU UPDATE is done after each keystroke. Normally, TPU will process typeahead by not updating the window until there is no typeahead. ":set update" will foil these attempts, and force an update to occur after each keystroke during command level processing. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Undo_and_maps .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Undo and maps\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]undomap Controls whether or not an attempt is made to make it possible to undo all buffer operations that occur during the execution of a map or learned key sequence (see the :map and :learn commands). Normally, maps are undoable because a copy of the entire buffer is saved before a map is executed. While editing large buffers, this makes it rather slow to use maps, so you can turn this feature off when it is deemed not necessary. .EL .if system .I-1 3 Wrap_on_search .else system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Wrap on search\* .send toc .endif global .endif system .s .LT :set [no]wrapscan Determines whether or not search operations are continued at the end/beginning of a buffer by moving to the beginning/end, respecively. Normally, wrapscan is in effect. .EL .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Additional key strokes\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Additional_key_strokes .s .endif system There are some additional key strokes available that pertain to using added features of this version of VI. Below is an outline of the added key strokes. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Key pad keys used\* .send toc .endif global .else system .s .endif system .lm+5 .LT KP0 Temporarily creates a window that is the size of the entire screen, and maps the current buffer to that window. Use KP1 (Delete window) to remove this window, and uncover the windows that were occluded by the created window. This command only works when there is more than one window on the screen. KP1 Delete the current window from the screen and release its space to one of the surrounding windows. KP2 Split the current window into two windows divided by a status line place at the line that the cursor currently occupies. KP3 Move down the screen to the next window. KP4 Shrink the size of the current window by one line, making the window above, or below larger. An attempt is made to shrink the window by pulling up the bottom line, if that fails, then an attempt is made to pull down the top line. If that fails, then the window can not be shrunk. KP5 Enlarge the current window by one line. The same algorithym as for shrink is used to determine how to alter the size of the window. KP6 Move up the screen to the next window. PF1 When using VI on a VT100 series terminal, it is not possible to have TPU recognize the ESCAPE character, ASCII 27, it its primary processing loop. When using a VT200 series terminal, this is circumvented by using F11 as if it were ESCAPE. PF1 provides this functionality for the VT100 series of terminals. PF2 PF2 envokes the help facilities available for VI. .EL .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 2 ^*Keyboard keys used\* .send toc .endif global .else system .s .lm-5 KEY BOARD KEYS USED .lm+5 .endif system .s .LT CTRL-X The CTRL-X key is used to send a DCL command to the DCL subprocess that is bound to the DCL buffer. CTRL-R The CTRL-R key is used to remember a learn sequence any bind it to a key. The :learn command initiates the learning process. .EL .lm-5 .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Windows and buffers\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Windows_and_buffers .s .endif system The multiple window features of this implementation of VI make it possible to view multiple portions of a single file, or different portions of different files simultaneously. It is also possible to yank/delete text from one window/buffer and place it into another buffer. To accomplish this, all named buffers, and numbered, deletion buffers are globally available. I.E. there are no buffers that are local to a buffer, with a single exception being the information pertaining to the undo operation. .s If you type 'u' while in a buffer different from the one that you made the last change in, you will see the message .s .lm+5 Undo not in this buffer. .s .lm-5 displayed at the bottom of the screen. .s For more information on using multiple buffers and window, consult the section on additional key strokes. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Display differences\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Display_differences .s .endif system Due to certain characteristics of the TPU screen management facilities, certain activities on the display differ from those found in UNIX VI. One difference is TPU's inability to display control characters in an expanded format, such as "^H" for a literal backspace character in the text. While commands are being entered in EX mode, you will see that control characters are displayed as "^?" where the "?" character is replaced by the appropriate character corresponding to the control character typed. This type of expansion is possible here, but it is not possible to do it in the text buffers displayed on the screen. If a key typed does not correspond to a printable ASCII character, then a backward question mark will be displayed when that key is typed. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Tag files\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Tag_files .s .endif system A tags file is a file that contains one or more lines each of which contains 3 columns of text. Each column is separated by exactly one tab character. The first column of text is the "tag" string. The second column is the file with which that tag is associated, and the remainder of the line contains an EX mode command that will perform an action associated with that tag. Usually, the action locates a specific line in the file that is associated with the tag. VI will position the cursor at the bottom of the buffer prior to the execution of the EX mode command. Typically, a tags file is used to locate the definition of a languange procedure, or text formatter macro. .s A simple tags file can be constructed by using a program to analyze the text of a file, and locate the lines that should be tagged. In the UNIX operating system, there is a program called CTAGS(1) that analyzes C language source files, and creates a 'tags' file that allows access to the functions contained in the files specified. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Kept Editors\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Kept_Editors .s .endif system VAX/VMS and TPU support the notion of a "Kept Editor". A "Kept Editor" is a subprocess that can be ATTACH'd to and from at will. The VI$ROOT:[EXE]VI.COM command procedure takes care of all of the details of carrying out the operation of the "Kept Editor". It knows how to locate, and attach to an existing "Kept Editor", and how to automatically create a new one if there is not one running. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*Other TPU's\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 Other_Tpus .s .endif system If you wish to use other TPU applications, besides VI, there is a program that can help in the negotiation of which CALL_USER routines and which section file to use. VI$ROOT:[SRC]VI.MAR is the source to this program. It translates the logical names VISECINI and VI$CALLUSER instead of the normal TPUSECINI and TPU$CALLUSER logical names. VI$ROOT:[EXE]VI.CLD is a CLD file that makes VI.EXE accessable to your current process. You can make VI.EXE by using the command "@MAKE EXE" from within the VI$ROOT:[SRC] directory. Then you will need to use the command .s .lm+5 $ SET COMMAND VI$ROOT:[EXE]VI .lm-5 .s If you desire to use VI$ROOT:[EXE]VI.COM to run VI in a subprocess, then you should install VI.CLD into SYS$SHARE:DCLTABLES.EXE. See the Command Language Definition manual for more information on doing this, if you are not familiar with the procedure. This is necessary because the command tables are not propagated to a subprocess when it is created. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*The DCL buffer\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 DCL_buffer .s .endif system There is a special buffer that is always associated with a DCL subprocess. The "DCL buffer" can be used as an alternate method of collecting DCL output if the filter_region (!<movement><command>) and read_from_command (:r!<command>) capabilities do not fit your needs. Any line in any buffer can be sent to the DCL subprocess by placing the cursor on that line, and typing a ^X (Control-X). .s When you type ^X, several actions can happen. If you are not already in the DCL buffer, then the current window will be split, and the top window will be mapped to the DCL buffer, and you will be positioned there. In either case, the command will be copied into the DCL buffer, and will also be sent to the DCL subprocess. If the subprocess does not exist, then it will be created. There are several ways that any one of these steps can fail. If they do, an appropriate diagnostic will be issued to allow you to resolve the problem. .s The setable option, senddcl, allows you to use the DCL buffer interactively, somewhat. When senddcl is in effect, you can place yourself in insert mode, using A, a, I, i, R, O, or o, and then type a DCL command. When you press enter at the end of the line, that line is sent to the DCL subprocess as input. The output of the DCL command is placed into the DCL buffer as if you had typed it in addition to the command line. Thus, undo will allow you to remove both the command line, and the output from the DCL buffer with a minimum of trouble. .ifnot system .send toc .ifnot global .hl 1 ^*TPU bugs revealed\* .send toc .endif global .else system .I-1 2 TPU_Bugs_Revealed .s .endif system There are several problems with TPU that cause problems with this implementation of VI. Outlined below are some of the more major problems. There are probably some that I have forgotten by now. .s Every place that there is a TPU statement of the form: .s .lm+5 EXECUTE (COMPILE ("vi$global_var := ....")); .lm-5 .s there is a statement preceeding that line that initializes vi$global_var to zero. This is necessary to get around a bug in TPU that causes the storage that vi$global_var is associated with before the EXECUTE (COMPILE ()), to not be disassociated. TPU would randomly scribble on string and buffer descriptors until it would stop with an "internal error, please SPR this", message. .s Another problems has to do with the KEY_NAME() values of keys. It appears that GET_INFO (DEFINED_KEY...) does not return proper KEY_NAME() values for certain keys. In particular, you will notice that maps to keys like q, v, and others will be displayed with the key as a backward question mark, instead of the proper letter, when you issue the :map command to display the current maps. This is currently (apparently) unsurmountable. Some trickery (hacking I like to call it) could be done to coerce the bogus key values into something reasonable, but I decided not to do that. .s Still another problem has to do with the fact that ASCII (CTRL_?_KEY) always returns ASCII(0) instead of ASCII(1) through ASCII(26) as would be convienent. I have written some code (hacks at best) to get around this problem by normalizing the values around the value of CTRL_A_KEY. An expression of the form: .s .lm+5 keyname-CTRL_A_KEY/(CTRL_B_KEY-CTRL_A_KEY) .lm-5 .s will result in a value of 0 through 25 when keyname has a value in the range of CTRL_A_KEY to CTRL_Z_KEY. This code is really bogus, but I did not see a more feasible way of doing this. KEY_NAME() values should really comprise another TPU data type so that ASCII could distinguish between those values and integer values. Then it could return the entire string that represents the key stroke, e.g. "<ESC>[23~". .s TPU's pattern matching code is mostly broken. The regular expression compiler in VI generates TPU patterns that correspond to the RE's passed to it. The biggest problem with the TPU pattern matching is that it does not know how to back out of a match, and try an alternative. If two adjacent pieces of an RE have a non-null intersection, then they can cause a pattern match failure because the first pattern can consume a character that would match the second pattern. The SEARCH() routine will not backout of a match once it has been made (even in the somewhat 'kludgy' incremental mode). .s The first time that you here a bell sound because you hit ESCAPE an extra time, the screen will scroll up one line. You MUST use ^L to redraw the screen or you will be off by one line. This is a bug in the screen management routines used by TPU. *$*$*EOD*$*$* $ exit