Stars of Shareware: Animation & Sound

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Text File | 1993-07-12 | 55KB | 1,328 lines

..>f FILE BASICS Operations Making subfiles Shortcuts OPERATIONS ..>fo ..>foc F-Open/create a file When you open a file, PC-Write reads it from disk into computer's memory. You can type over name at prompt, or arrow past path to change just name. If file doesn't exist, it is created (upon your confirmation). If you typed name of file improperly, you can retype it. See Filenames. Opening a file closes (exits) current file, unless you split window. See Window split KEYS: Alt F O (F1 F6) ..>fob Backups Whenever you open a file, you can write a backup to keep in case you run into problems while editing. You can set program to always or never backup, or backup on exiting instead. See CUSTOMIZE For file switching options after Alt F O, see SHORTCUTS. Have PC-Write remember names of files you've been editing. See CUSTOMIZE To set a permanent filename extension or location, see CUSTOMIZE. ..mfh F-If your memory doesn't have enough free space to open the file specified, PC-Write may ask to free the hold area to make more room. See Hold text You may have to break a large file into smaller ones. See MAKING SUBFILES ..>fol Read-only mode You can read a locked file (e.g. on a network) on screen but cannot write changes to it. See SHORTCUTS ..>fl F-List & open From the list of files, highlight one and press Enter to open it. Highlighting a subdirectory name (ends with \) and pressing Enter displays its files. Or, press F8 to type in name of directory not listed. F8 option is also available at all filename prompts. See also List files KEYS: Alt F L (F1 F6 F8 Enter). ..>fn F-New name Type over old name that appears at prompt, then press Enter. Now when you save or exit file, your text is written to new name. If you saved file when it had the old name, the old file is still on your disk. See also Rename If you haven't yet named your document, status line shows "<no name>". You're asked to name it when PC-Write needs to write it to disk. KEYS: Alt F N (F1 F5) ..>fs ..dfl ..cns Save a file When you make changes to a file on screen, the changes are only in your computer's memory. Save changes to disk often, to prevent losing editing if your computer loses power. If you've taken the floppy disk that contains your file out of its original drive, you need to reinsert the correct disk. If your disk is too full to save added text, you can save to a different, less full disk. KEYS: Alt F S (F1 F3) PC-Write can periodically save or remind you to save. See CUSTOMIZE ..>fus ..>fue ..>fu Undo changes If you make a big mistake, reopen file as it was before you made changes. This cancels only changes made since last time you saved. Once you've saved, the only way to cancel changes is to start over, using your backup copy. KEYS: Alt F U S Since last save (F1 F9 F6 F10) E Exit, no save (F1 F9 F2) ..>fe Exit a file You can exit a file by exiting PC-Write. If you have changed your document since the last time you saved, the file is automatically saved. To exit a file without saving it, undo changes first. See Undo changes KEYS: Alt F E (F1 F2) F-If you want to exit your current file but don't want to exit PC-Write, you can open another file (which exits current file). See Open/create a file Closing a window exits a file, too. See WINDOW SPLIT ..>fotb= ..>for ..>fotb MAKING SUBFILES If you try to open a file too big to fit in memory, PC-Write asks if you want to break it into smaller files to edit separately. If subfile with same name already exists, you can cancel overwriting that file. To put subfiles back into one, use DOS COPY command: A>COPY file1 + file2 + file3 bigfile copies "file1", "file2", and "file3" to a file named "bigfile" See DOS commands SHORTCUTS Loading options open file, no backup ED filename/e open file, create backup ED filename/s To permanently set backup status, see CUSTOMIZE create file as typed ED filename/c list files to open ED *.* (or use filename.* or *.ext) open file, Read Only ED filename/r open to nn line in file ED filename/nn show control files read ED filename/w All / options may be used in combination. For example: filename/e/w F-File Switching (All load options listed above are also available when switching files.) Quick switch, no backup F1 F6, filename, F10 Quick switch, with backup F1 F6, filename, F9 Quick switch to prior/next file in series F1 F6 F5/F7 Switch to filename at cursor F1 F6 F6 (useful in ED.DIR) ..ssn ..ssf ..ssr ..ssp ..spr F-Files in a series Using F5 or F7 Quick switch following F1 F6 (Alt F O) tells PC-Write you're editing files in series. Series files have same name with incremental last one or two digit number or letter (FILE1.DOC, FILE2.DOC). Search & replace, spell scan, update references, renumbering, and printing can continue to next file, once you've reached end of current file. Both Print and Update references check for file series even if you haven't used F5/F7 once. To permanently turn on/off files series option, see CUSTOMIZE. Printing options Display print menu, exit when done ED filename/p Print all pages, then exit ED filename/p/e Display print range menu, exit when done ED filename/p/s Print multiple copies, then exit ED filename/p/e/nn (nn is number of copies) See also PRINTING ..>fc F=FILE CONVERT To open a file not in PC-Write format you must import it first. To save a PC-Write file in another format you must export it. F≡To insert a graphic file not in pixel format you must graphic convert it. ..>fci F=Import Convert and open a file not in current PC-Write format. KEYS: Alt F C I (Shf-F6) then: ..>fcio F=O (F2) Old PC-Write (previous to Standard level 2.0) converts older style page breaks and guide lines ..>fcih F=H (F3) Highbits (Wordstar, strips characters above 127) ..>fciw F=W (F4) WordPerfect file (version 5.0 or 5.1) ..>fcid F=D (F5) DCA (IBM's Document Content Architecture) ..>fci= At import filename prompt: 1. Type name of file to convert (or press F8 to choose from list). Be sure to include file extension (.TXT, .DOC, etc.). See Filenames 2. Press F10, type PC-Write name you want file to have, then Enter. ..>fce F=Export Write a copy of your file to a file in another format. ..>fceh KEYS: Alt F C I (Shf-F6) then: ..>fcio F=H (F6) Hard ASCII (keeps hard returns, page breaks) ..>fces F=S (F7) Soft ASCII (transport to other text processor) ..>fcew F=W (F8) WordPerfect file (version 5.0 or 5.1) ..>fced F=D (F9) DCA (IBM's Document Content Architecture format) ..>fce= At export filename prompt, type name for converted file. Be sure to include file extension (.TXT, .DOC, etc.). See Filenames ..>fcac ASCII export may ask to delete codes above 127. This includes box drawing, accented letters, and special hyphens/spaces. See Extended characters To remove non-ASCII characters from current document, see Convert. To convert tabs, spaces, or line ends in document, see Convert. ..>fg F≡FILE GRAPHIC Images are stored in separate graphic files and signature files. They can be kept in the same directory as document files or in the graphic directory, and accessed with a path abbreviation. They can be graphic inserted into a text file. They can be file viewed before being inserted into a document. F≡Graphic File A graphic file is an image file in pixel format. Its default file name extension is .PIX, but any extension may be used. Other image formats must be graphic converted to pixel format. F≡Signature File A graphic file can be protected with a password that's defined when the file is stored. Its file name extension must be .SIG. If the wrong password is given when read, the file will be scrambled, so be careful! ..>fgv F≡File view Display a full-screen view of a graphic file. The file can be selected by: ..>fgvf 1. Full path, path abbreviation, or default to graphic directory. KEYS: Alt F G V F (Shf-F5 F3) file name Enter. Enter returns to edit. ..>fgvl 2. Choose from list of graphic files. Defaults to current directory. KEYS: Alt F G V L (Shf-F5 F3 F8) Arrow Enter. Enter returns to list. ..>fgvn ..>fgvp 3. Next (or first) or prior graphic file in last used directory. KEYS: Alt F G V N. Enter return to menu. KEYS: Alt F G V P. Enter return to menu. F≡Graphic Directory A graphic file can be stored in any directory, but those unique to a single document are usually stored in the same directory as that document. Shared files are usually stored in PC-Write's graphic directory (\PCW\PIX). F≡Path Abbreviation The path to a graphic file may use one of two path abbreviations. DOC: for the document's directory. Allows a document and this graphic file to be moved between directories or computers. PIX: for the graphic directory. Allows a document to be moved between directories without also moving this graphic file. ..>fgc ..>px F≡Graphic Convert PC-Write can convert image files in any one of four different formats (.PCX, .TIF, .CGM, or .PIC) into graphic files in pixel format (.PIX). Use a separate program, like HiJaak, to convert other image formats. KEYS: Alt F G C F9 old file name F10 new file name Enter. ..>fm F=FILE MANAGE These commands help with file housekeeping within PC-Write. Similar functions and more are available when you exit to DOS. See DOS commands ..>fmr ..>fmr= F=Rename Alt F N (F1 F5) renames the file currently in memory. See New name Alt F M R (Alt-F1 F5) renames a file on disk. ..foc If you type the name of a file that already exists, you're asked if you want to write over existing file. ..>fmc ..>fmc= F=Copy Alt F M C (Alt-F1 F6) writes a copy of your file to disk. You can write it to a different name or location by typing at prompt. To copy files other than current one, use DOS COPY. See DOS commands ..>fme ..>fme= ..>fme=c F=Delete Alt F M E (Alt-F1 F7) deletes a file on disk. You're always asked to confirm your deletion. To delete the file currently open, first delete the copy on disk; then exit PC-Write without saving changes. See Undo changes ..>fml F=List files Alt-F1 F8 then Enter lists files in current directory. If there are subdirectories, you can highlight one and press Enter to list its files. The parent directory (indicated by '..\') can be selected to return to list files in previous directory. To list files in a directory not listed, press F8 and type a different name at directory prompt. Listing files is available at any filename prompt by pressing F8. See also List & open The listing displays file size, date, and time if room. Otherwise, just filename displays. F4 switches back and forth between listing types. To set default listing type, see CUSTOMIZE. ..>fmd ..>fmd= F≡DOS drive:dir Changing the current DOS drive and/or directory (path) from within PC-Write makes it easy to access files on a new path. Then you don't have to type a path each time you open another file. See also Name prefix below. KEYS: Alt F M D (Alt-F1 F3) ..>fmn ..>fmn= F≡Name prefix Prefix letters are inserted before every name typed at a file prompt. This is handy for a series of files that all begin with the same name. Or, use it to access files on another drive or directory, without changing DOS path. To set a permanent prefix for names, see CUSTOMIZE. KEYS: Alt F M N (Alt-F1 F2) ..>fmo F≡Open notes Opening directory notes switches to a file named ED.DIR in the current directory (if it doesn't exist, it's created). The notes file contains a directory listing with space for you to type comments. The file is updated each time you open it, to show new (+) or deleted (-) files. To exclude file size, date, or time for entries, see CUSTOMIZE. KEYS: Alt F M O (Alt-F1 F9) ..>fd ..>fds F=DOS SHELL If your computer has enough memory you may temporarily exit PC-Write to run another program or DOS command, keeping PC-Write and your file in memory. Alt F D S (F1 F4 then Enter) shells to DOS. The screen shows a prompt (A>) just like when you exit PC-Write. Now you can type DOS commands as usual. See DOS commands The shell is fine for most applications, but not for loading memory resident programs that stay active. To load a resident program, exit PC-Write first. ..>fdr F=Alt F D R (F1 F4) runs a DOS command directly from PC-Write. The top line reads: Command file (Esc:cancel F8:dir): "drive:\COMMAND.COM" where "drive" is boot drive. Type name of .COM or .EXE file to execute. PC-Write looks first for a .COM, then for a .EXE file. Exiting the Shell, Re-entering PC-Write When you run a program directly from PC-Write, and the program finishes, you're prompted with: To return to the edit program, press any key Or, if at the DOS prompt in the shell, type C>EXIT then press Enter. Shell is suitable for applications that are complete upon return to PC-Write but not for loading a memory resident program that stays active upon return to PC-Write. To load a resident program, exit PC-Write normally. DOS commands PC-Write can do these DOS operations: del, dir, ren. See FILE MANAGE For commands below, "A>" is the DOS prompt. A>FORMAT b: formats diskette in drive B A>COPY fromfile tofile copies "fromfile" to "tofile" A>SORT < infilename > outfilename sorts lines in "infilename" and puts them in "outfilename" You can run DOS commands directly from PC-Write. See DOS SHELL Filenames DOS filenames are 1 to 8 characters, plus an extension of 0 to 3 letters. The format is: FILENAME.EXT You can use letters A-Z (upper and lower case are the same), numbers 0-9, and the symbols $ & # @ ! % ( ) { } - _ ~ in a filename. Filenames can be preceded by a drive and/or a pathname, for example: C:\PCW\filename.ext Think of drive and path as part of the full filename. With no drive and/or path specified, DOS assumes the currently logged drive and subdirectory. ..>lf G-FONTS G-Fonts set look of characters when printed. They have three categories: Typefaces: shape of character, such as Courier and Times. Sizes: character width and height, such as 10 cpi or 12 point. Effects: special enhancements, such as underline and bold. Typefaces and sizes set spacing of characters; only one of each can be active at a time. Multiple effects can be active at once. The Font menu inserts font characters or dot lines to set fonts. These are visible only in Show mode. See Hide/Show codes You can also insert these commands directly at cursor. See Inserting fonts directly ..>lfl ..>lfb G-Location Before setting a font, decide where you want it to apply. KEYS: Alt L F then: (R/Q dot lines) G-L sets look for next few words you type (or selected words). Font characters will be inserted at start and end of lines. ..>lfc G≡C sets look for this column only, using ruler letters. If you column box lines, font affects only selected lines in this column. Option not available if you select more than one column. See next option. G=B sets look for this paragraph and onward, using dot lines. If you select a block of lines, font begins with first line selected, stops after last line. See SELECTING TEXT G≡In column mode, font begins at first line of all columns across page, (unless you select a block of lines, which works same as non-column mode). ..>lfd ..>lfh ..>lff G-D sets look of type for entire document (base font). G=H sets look of type for headers and footers. See HEAD/FOOTERS G≡F sets look of type for footnotes. See FOOT/ENDNOTES The Status line shows current font for text at cursor. See Status line ..>lft G-Typeface Current document font is indicated by a ≈, paragraph or body font by a ~. There are two kinds of typefaces: Fixed-width faces have letters/spaces all the same width, like a typewriter. G=Proportional typefaces have letters/spaces that aren't all the same width. PC-Write supports both, also downloaded (soft) fonts, if your printer does. ..>lfs G-Size Current document font is indicated by a ≈, paragraph or body font by a ~. For many printers, size isn't available; it is combined with typeface. Even for printers that support sizes, some typefaces may not support sizes. Usually, one size font sets a fixed size (in characters per inch, cpi) for fixed-width typefaces, and another (in points) for proportional typefaces. When available, the font letters assigned to sizes are: Fixed width Compressed 15 cpi Elite 12 cpi Pica 10 cpi Double 5 cpi G= Proportional Compressed 8.0 p Elite 10.0 p Pica 12.0 p Double 14.4 p ..>lfe G-Effect Multiple effects can be active at once (unlike typefaces or sizes). Current paragraph or body font is indicated by a ~ G=Current document font is indicated by a ≈ Inserting fonts directly PC-Write assigns font letters (first letter on menus) to each font. Font characters are graphic symbols for these letters. To insert a font character, press and hold the Alt key, then press font letter. You may find it quicker to set fonts, especially effects, this way. You must be in Show mode to see font characters. See Hide/Show codes To view table of font characters, see Font characters. Another way to set fonts (for whole lines) is with dot lines. They take effect until you turn them off, or (for typefaces and sizes) you set a new one. See DOT LINES Important tips: - Insert same font character before and after text to be enhanced. If you mark text, this can be automatically done. See CUSTOMIZE - Font characters automatically stop at end of line. To enhance several lines, place font at start of each line (or use dot lines). - Apply only one typeface and size to an area of text. You can apply multiple effects. 'Nest' multiple fonts, as you would parentheses. - Enter font characters as you type, or insert them later. Auto-reformat mode isn't recommended when inserting later. - Delete or transpose font characters like normal characters. Best to do this in Show mode. - In Auto-reformat mode, deleting first font character in pair deletes second automatically. ..afn ..nfn ..kfn Reserved font characters These characters have special purposes, and aren't available to set fonts: A Align font See Alignment G Guide line font See Guide lines K End paragraph font See Break paragraph N Auto-number font See Auto-numbering T Page break font See Inserting breaks To view table of font characters, see Font characters. R=FOOT/ENDNOTES Note entry Notes setup Updating notes Footnotes print at bottom of page. Endnotes print at end of document. They don't display on screen in their final printing position. You can preview final position before printing. See Print view Sequential numbering is an option. See Auto-numbering ..>lrf ..>lre R=NOTE ENTRY Entry method for footnote or endnote is identical, except final keystroke. 1. Type note reference in text. Reference character is your choice. Sequential numbering is an option. See Auto-numbering 2. Type note text on line just after paragraph containing reference. 3. Mark the lines using Alt E S M or L (F3). See SELECTING TEXT 4. Press Alt L R F or E then Enter to make the lines a note. 5. Press Alt E T (F5) to unmark lines. ..>lrb To change note lines back to body text, mark them and press Alt L R B. (DE or DB/DQ dot lines) ..>lrn R=NOTES SETUP ..>lrnf ..>lrnfn ..>lrnfs ..>lrnfb R=Footnotes Put a separator between last body line on each page and footnotes. Separator line doesn't display, but is counted when repaging. KEYS: Alt L R N F (DH dot line) To set line height for footnotes, see SPACING. To set font for footnotes, see FONTS. ..>lrne ..>lrnee ..>lrnew R≡Endnotes If your document is composed of several files (e.g. chapters), and you're using a file series naming sequence, you have a choice of endnote placement. Each file can have its own endnote area, or all endnotes can be placed in final file in series. See Files in a series KEYS: Alt L R N E (DP/DW dot lines) Fonts within text of endnotes themselves are retained upon updating. Set base fonts, spacing, and other formatting for endnotes similar to index. See Formatting index/contents list ..>lru ..>lruc R=UPDATING NOTES Updating moves endnotes to endnote area at end of file. Any notes already there are replaced by new set. If you move endnote area somewhere else in document, it stays there on subsequent updates. To have endnotes placed at end of each chapter in document, see Endnotes. If there is an index list, the endnote area is placed before it. If you have index or table of contents entries in your document, these are updated at same time as endnotes. See INDEX/CONTENTS KEYS: Alt L R U (Alt-F7 F2) (DI/DJ dot lines) ..>lmr ..>lmrp ..>lmrd ..>lmrm FORMATTING When you make changes to your document, such as deleting words or changing margins, you may need to rewrap the text. This is called reformatting. KEYS: Alt L M R then: N-P (F7) single paragraph, for paragraph containing cursor N-D (Ctl-F5 F7) whole document, no matter where cursor is N-M (F7) marked block, no matter where cursor is To read about codes (guide lines) that control formatting, see LAYOUT. ..>lmrw N-Wrap mode Normally, words automatically wrap when you reach the end of line. You can turn wordwrap off, and use Enter to move to a new line instead. Status line shows whether wrap is on (Wrap+) or off (Wrap-). See Status line KEYS: Alt L M R W (Shf-F7) These settings are temporary. To set mode permanently, see CUSTOMIZE. You can set sentence spacing for wrapping in column mode. See CUSTOMIZE ..>lmra N-Auto-reformat mode To set permanently, see CUSTOMIZE You can have PC-Write reformat text automatically as you make changes. Status line shows Para+ when it's on, and returns to Wrap+ when turned off. In this mode, pressing Enter always ends a paragraph (and inserts a break paragraph character). To not break paragraphs, see CUSTOMIZE. KEYS: Alt L M R A (Shf-F7) ..>lmrc ..>lmrcn N-Control reformat You may want to protect an area of text, such as a table, from inadvertent reformatting (manual or automatic). Select text first. See SELECTING TEXT KEYS: Alt L M R C N (N in ruler) Text before or after protected area reformats according to reformat mode set on status line. See Auto-reformat mode N≡When editing in columns, if ruler is non-standard, you must enter reformat control letters directly in ruler (not through menus). See Column rulers ..>lmrcu ..>lmrca N-You can attach a reformat setting to a particular document. Cursor must be at very top of document (get there with Alt S T or Shf-Grey+). KEYS: Alt L M R A or N (A/N in ruler) Status line shows N=Auto-reformat for this document ParA+ or ParA# N-No reformat for this document ParN- or ParN= Setting it when not at top of document applies only from cursor forward. To return to usual PC-Write setting, press Alt L M R U. To turn off reformat permanently to protect special files, see CUSTOMIZE. ..>lmrb ..>lmrbr ..>lmrbj Break paragraph Auto-reformat always inserts a paragraph end character when you press the Enter key. This keeps paragraphs from joining together upon reformat. N=When not in auto-reformat mode, protect single lines, like an address, by N=pressing Alt-K then Enter to end lines. For existing lines, select text N=first, then choose break paragraph. See SELECTING TEXT N=KEYS: Alt L M R B then N=R (Alt-K) if you want this line Ragged right. See Shape N≡J (Alt-K Alt-K) if your shape is Justify, and you want this line justified. See also Control reformat To always have Enter end paragraphs, see CUSTOMIZE. GOING PLACES Cursor moves Bookmarks Jump to location Use editing keys in addition to Arrows to move quickly throughout document. Jump to precise locations. To find specific text, see SEARCH/REPLACE. For mouse moves, see MOUSE. ..>st ..>se CURSOR MOVES Go to Up Down File top/bottom Shf-Grey+ or Alt+ Shf-Grey- or Alt- or Alt S T or Alt S E Screen top/bottom Shf-UpArrow Shf-DnArrow Block start/end Shf-Alt- Shf-Alt+ ..bdp ..bds ..bup ..bus Scroll Up Down Line PgDn PgDn Screenful Shf-PgUp Shf-PgDn To change what the scroll keys do, see CUSTOMIZE. Go to Previous Next S-Page Ctl-PgUp Ctl-PgDn S-Paragraph Shf-Ctl-PgUp Shf-Ctl-PgDn S=Sentence Shf-Ctl-LtArrow Shf-Ctl-RtArrow Go to Left Right Word Ctl-LtArrow Ctl-RtArrow Screen edge Shf-LtArrow Shf-RtArrow Tab Shf-Tab Tab Indent Home Shf-End First/last Shf-Home End character on line To change what some Arrow keys do, see CUSTOMIZE. ..>sb ..>sbt ..>sbj S=BOOKMARKS Place a bookmark at cursor and jump back to it from anywhere in document. When you set a new place, the old bookmark is lost. KEYS: Alt S B T This place (Ctl-Home) J Jump to (Ctl-End) ..>sbe S≡You can have PC-Write remember your place on exit, and return to that place S≡on entry. Once you set the exit bookmark in a document, it will always be S≡set and returned to until you turn it off (uncheck it on menu). S≡KEYS: Alt S B E ..>sj ..>sjl S=Last place A second bookmark is set before jumps and at source of moved block. Alt S J L (Shf-Ctl-End) jumps back to this temporary place. ..>sl S-JUMP TO LOCATION Jump to specific column, line, or page in document. Jumping to line in file includes guide lines in count, while jumping to line on page ignores them. KEYS: Alt S L then I or C or O (Alt-F9 then F8 or F9 or F10) ..>sjn S=Non-ASCII character Jumps to next non-ASCII character: font, guide line, accented letter, box drawing, or special hyphen or space characters. KEYS: Alt S J N (Alt-F4 F6) ..>sm S=Match pair With cursor on one symbol of pair, such as (, {, [, or <, this marks to its matching symbol. For other characters, matches to next same character. KEYS: Alt S M (Alt-F4 F4) ..>lrh ..>lrhh ..>lrhf R-HEAD/FOOTERS Header lines repeat at top of each page; footer lines at bottom. (Footnotes aren't footers.) Headers and footers show only upon printing or preview. Settings apply from current page onward, and can be changed or skipped for different locations in document (if needed). Page number and/or other text prints in a header or footer (see below). To reset starting number for page, see Set page number. To set header/footer margins and spacing, see MARGINS/TABS, SPACING. To set base fonts for entire header and footer lines, see FONTS. ..>lrhxxf ..>lrhxxc R-Page number header or footer To print only page number at top or bottom of page, choose center or flush: Center page number, like this: | - 2 - | (| is margin) Flush right number, like this: | Page 2| KEYS: Alt L R H then H F C/R or F F C/R To include text on same line as page number, see Text in header or footer. ..>lrhxxt ..>lrhxxd ..>lrhxxo R=Text in header or footer Type your own text (e.g. chapter heading) for first or second line. Text prints aligned with left margin. If you include page number on line with text, just number prints to right. If you include date, it prints to left. Text + page number: |MyChapter 1 2| (| is margin) Date + text: |May 5, 1996 MyChapter 1| Text only: |MyChapter 1 | ..>lrhc ..>lrhh= ..>lrhf= KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) F (or S) then T, D, or O, then C You can enter font characters within text to emphasize particular words. To set base fonts for entire header and footer lines, see FONTS. To change position of text/date/number, see Create your own. To change date format, see CUSTOMIZE. ..>lrhxx R≡Two-line header or footer Through the menus you can set up to two header lines and two footer lines. If you're using only one line, set the first line. KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) then F or S (H or F dot line) If you want more (up to eight each), enter dot lines. See Create your own ..>lrhxb R≡Blank lines Headers and footers normally have just one blank line separating them from body text (set value to 1), but you can set more. KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) B To change spacing within header/footer lines, see SPACING. ..>lrhxxn R-Removing headers or footers Remove one or all headers or footers from cursor onward. If you remove just the first line, the old second line becomes the new first line. To turn off all headers or footers for current page only, see Suppress. KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) F (or S) N ..>lrhxn With one step remove both lines of headers or footers. This also removes additional headers/footers not created through menus. See Create your own Be sure 'All pages' is selected, unless you want to remove them on left or righthand pages only. See Paper use KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) N (HQ/FQ dot line) You can remove just the additional headers or footers. This leaves those on first and second lines intact. (Uncheck 'More lines' if box checked.) KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) M ..>lrhs ..>lrhsh ..>lrhsf R=Suppress Turn off all headers or footers for current page only, resume next page. Handy for title pages or first page of chapter. KEYS: Alt L R H S H or F (HN/FN dot line) To turn them off for rest of document, see Removing headers or footers. ..>lrhxa ..>lrhxl ..>lrhxr R≡Left/right headers See also Paper use If document is set to differentiate left and righthand pages, you can create a header or footer for each kind of page. Use this to keep page numbers at outside edge of page. Once you designate a header/footer to be left or right pages only, all header/footers must have left or right page designation. Set left or right before defining each line (lines for both left/right pages are defined twice). If instead you choose 'All pages' for header/footer, but set left/right pages for document, PC-Write prints them flush left on left pages and flush right on right pages (unless space designator is used). KEYS: Alt L R H H (or F) A or L or R (HR/HL/FR/FL dot lines) R=Create your own Change parts and/or their positioning in header or footer. Choose the 'only text' option and rearrange using special designators. Type page number as $$$. Push text left or right with +++. Printing replaces page designator ($$$) with current page number, and space designator (+++) with spaces. Page Positioning Example Header Example Footer Page numbers .H:Page $$$ .F:- $$$ - Flush left .H:Part 1+++ .F:$$$+++ Flush right .H:+++$$$ .F:+++Chapter 2 Centered .H:+++Heros+++ .F:+++$$$+++ Blank line .H: .F: ..>lrhxm Menus create up to two header and two footer lines plus separator line(s). Use dot lines to create more than two headers or footers (8 maximum for each including blank lines). Include a blank line header last, and first for footer, to separate lines from regular text on each page. See DOT LINES These additional header/footer lines show on menu as 'More lines'. To remove these lines via menus, see Removing headers or footers. ..>lri ..>lrc R≡INDEX/CONTENTS Choosing words for the index can be done as document is created or after, or both. It's usually placed at end of document. Table of contents (TOC) is in page number order and placed at start of document. PC-Write compiles both lists (and any endnotes) when you update references. If you edit files in series, begin updating references in first file. Subsequent files will be updated, and TOC placed in first file, index placed in final file. KEYS: Alt L R U (Alt-F7 F2) See UPDATING NOTES, Files in a series Note: Designating words for index and TOC is done with a dot line. If you edit in Hide mode, these can get moved or deleted inadvertantly. Keep dot line near referenced word in document, to assure correct page number in list. Use show mode to check placement. See Hide/Show codes, DOT LINES Formatting index/contents list Set fonts, spacing, and other formatting for lists after updating has inserted list in document. Use same methods as for body text. Use formats on the area with scopes bigger than the area (pages, paragraphs), because formatting inside area is lost upon updating. One exception: fonts within text of index entries are moved to the corresponding numbers in the list upon updating. Use this to emphasize certain page numbers in index list. A spring shape is often used for index or TOC lists. Updating puts spring point (soft space) in automatically for each entry. See Shape, FONTS, SPACING Moving index/contents list The first time you update references, TOC and index areas are created at start and end of document. On next update, each area is replaced (if you confirm) with new one, otherwise new one is added to start/end of document. If you move the area along with its dot lines to another place, updating occurs at new place (II/IJ for index; KI/KJ for TOC). See DOT LINES ..>lrct R≡Table of contents entry Mark or put cursor on section heading to designate it as a TOC entry. Update references to make TOC list. See INDEX/CONTENTS KEYS: Alt L R C T (K dot line) ..>lrit= ..>lrit R≡Index word Index a word at cursor, or a marked phrase. Use all lower case letters to insure true alphabetic sorting. You can index the same word at several places (by moving the cursor to each location) if you want several page numbers to reference that word. After updating references, you may want to edit the list to combine multiple references on a single line or capitalize entries. If you have an index word list loaded, you can add a word at cursor to list, so you can search for other occurrences of that word. See Index scan KEYS: Alt L R I T (Alt-F6 F9 F9, I dot line) ..>lrin ..>lrip R≡Index scan Create a word list, named WORDS.INX, containing possible index words to find in the document. Scan document and choose which locations to index. PC-Write tells you when it finds any word in word list in the document. If you scan in a file that's in a series, the scan continues to next file. See Files in a series KEYS: Alt L R I N or P (Alt-F6 F9 F8, then Grey+ thereafter) Status line displays 'Si' when Grey keys are Index Text set for index search, and 'Se' when set for Si- Se- regular text search. See Status line Si+ Se+ ..>lrinm Turn off scan The first time you scan or load an index word list, PC-Write starts index search mode. This makes the Grey+ key find index words instead of normal search words or misspelled words. Turn off index search explicitly with Alt-F6 F9 F8. Setting a normal search or spelling search also turns off index search. See Searching with Grey+ ..>lriw ..>lriwl ..>lriwl= ..>lriws R≡Index word list When you scan for words to index, PC-Write loads file WORDS.INX. You can load an index file with another name instead. The list must be alphabetized and contain no phrases. Only one list can be loaded at a time. If you add words to list while indexing word at cursor, PC-Write asks on exit if you want to save new words (or save anytime with Alt-F6 F9 F7). See Index word KEYS: Alt L R I W (Alt-F6 F9 F6) ..>ei ..>lrs INSERT Text in document Auto-numbering Print-time item TEXT IN DOCUMENT ..>lrsc ..>lrsc= R=Comment line Type single line of text for a comment. The comment is put in a dot line that you can see on screen in Show mode, but doesn't print. If you have marked text, each line becomes a comment line. KEYS: Alt L R I C ..>eid E=Date Alt E I D (Alt-F4 F5) inserts current date at cursor. Choose from a variety of date formats. See CUSTOMIZE E-File Alt E F I (Ctl-F3) inserts all text of another file. To insert only parts of another file, see COPY/MOVE TEXT. E-Words Marked block copy F3 See COPY/MOVE TEXT Deleted text Ctl-F4 See Undelete E≡Hold area text Ctl-F4 See Hold text Characters Line boundary Enter Character code Alt-keypad number See CHARACTER CODES To insert a special hyphen or space, see HYPHENS & SPACES. To insert a sum of numbers in a boxed area, see BOX OPERATIONS. To insert a box frame, see BOX OPERATIONS. ..>lra AUTO-NUMBERING Use automatic numbering for footnotes or endnotes, lines, and outlines. You enter a number sequence that is translated into a sequential series of numbers when you repage or renumber. For page numbering, see HEAD/FOOTERS. First create a unique numbering sequence. Each sequence contains: 1. An Alt-N font character ( ) 2. A number or letter (capital or lower case) 3. A symbol (anything but a digit or letter, including a space) When you repage or update, the numbers or letters become sequential. The symbol, which defines the sequence, remains the same. Example After renumber: 1. Lions 1. Lions ( is the Alt-N font character) 3. Tigers 2. Tigers 2. Bears 3. Bears Multiple Levels Create multiple sequences for outlines or section numbering. before entry uses number or letter shown as series start. before entry re-uses last value. Example 7. Chapter 1 (two sequences, one ending with dot, one with space) A. Lions (another sequence using capital letters ends with dot) 8. Chapter 2 B. Tigers C. Bears When renumbered is: 1. Chapter 1 A. Lions 2. Chapter 2 A. Tigers B. Bears R=Footnote numbering See FOOT/ENDNOTES Start each entry with Alt-N and the number or letter and symbol for series. Repage or update to resequence the current order of footnotes in document. Here, footnote number ends with "." and footnote reference with "]": This is the reference [ 1] to giraffes. .DB 9. This is footnote text about giraffes. .DQ A sequence in a footnote is treated separately from same sequence in body text, so you can use same symbol for both. ..>lran ..>lraf ..>lrar R=Auto numbering via menus Before inserting a sequence, set its purpose. KEYS: Alt L R A then: F begins or resets start of number sequence. N increments to next number of sequence. R repeats a number, as for multiple level outlines. ..>lrai ..>lraib ..>lraic ..>lraid ..>lraip ..>lrais R=Sequences Up to five different sequences can be inserted in one document using menus. Menus insert number 1 for each, then the distinguishing character. Examples: 1 Hawaii 1: Hawaii 1. Hawaii (1) Hawaii 1 Hawaii ( is Alt-H, superscript font) ..>lrau R=Renumbering Alt L R A U updates your auto-number sequences. Repage does this also. If you're editing files in a series, renumbering automatically prompts for the next file in the series. See Files in a series ..>lrsp= ..>lrsp R≡PRINT-TIME ITEM Insert a command that is processed only when printing your document. R≡Print image Insert a print image in a document when it prints. Use this to include graphics or tables from other applications in your documents. When you print, PC-Write prints normally till it reaches the place for the image; then it sends the graphic file containing the print image to the printer with no further processing, and resumes printing the document. Set file length with TL or EL dot line for correct pagination. See DOT LINES KEYS: Alt L R S P (TI dot line) ..>lrsu ..>lrsu= ..>lrsu=c R≡User line entry Type lines of text into a document as it's being printed. Use this to make form letters. You enter a prompt to remind you what to type. During printing, PC-Write pauses for you to type a line of text, then resumes printing the document. You can only type a complete line of text, so you can't use this to 'fill in a blank' mid-line. See also MERGE PRINT KEYS: Alt L R S U (U dot line) R≡Other file Insert entire text of another file when document prints. Useful for putting a heading (kept in separate file) on first page of letterhead. TP dot line inserts lines of file (ignores any formatting). Set file length with TL or EL dot line to assure accurate pagination. See DOT LINES If you're using a master file to insert all files composing a document, use TF dot line instead. This reads formatting in inserted file, and puts in page breaks between the files. TF files only print when you Print All pages (Print Range ignores TF files). Master file format isn't recommended (use series format instead). See Files in a series ..>eg E≡GRAPHICS Graphic images can be graphic inserted into a document. A graphic in a text file just "points" at a separate graphic file. A graphic displays (Hide mode) as a shaded graphic rectangle positioned according to its graphic layout, and sized according to its picture; the name of its graphic original appears in the upper-left corner (if there's no text there). Graphic view shows the image in the rectangle. A graphic can be graphic selected. ..>egi E≡Graphic Insert Creates a graphic at the cursor that "points" to a graphic file. The original and picture come from the graphic file, and the graphic layout defaults to break text around a left-flush picture. These can all be changed after inserting or graphic selecting the graphic. Path abbreviations can (and should) be used in the file name. Give a file name that doesn't exist to create a new blank graphic file, then draw a new image. E≡KEYS: Alt E G I path or name Enter. Enter returns to edit. ..>egs E≡Graphic Select A graphic can be selected in two ways: ..>egsa 1. Select graphic closest to (above) the cursor (in the same column). E≡ KEYS: Alt E G S A (Shf-F5 F5). ..>egsn ..>egsp 2. Select next (below) or prior (above) current selection or top of file. E≡ KEYS: Alt E G S N (Shf-F5 Grey+). E≡ KEYS: Alt E G S P (Shf-F5 Grey-). A graphic can be deselected by unmarking text or selecting text. ..>egv E≡Graphic View Graphics can be viewed in two ways: ..>egvs 1. Pictures are shown in all the graphic rectangles on the screen, and surrounding text is shown in fixed-pitch screen font. E≡ KEYS: Alt E G V S (Shf-F5 F4). Enter returns to editing. ..>egvo 2. Full-screen display of the original of only the selected graphic. E≡ KEYS: Alt E G V O (Shf-F5 F3). Enter returns to editing. ..>egl E≡Graphic Layout The layout specifies where text will be in relation to the picture, and where the picture will be in relation to the indents. Changing the layout doesn't change the picture (except for stretch picture) or the original. ..>eglb E≡Break Text: text will break paragraph above and below the picture. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L B. ..>eglf E≡Flow-Around Text: text "runs around" picture without break paragraph. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L F. ..>eglo E≡Overlay Text: text will "ignore" picture. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L B. ..>egll E≡Left-Flush Picture: left edge of picture falls on left indent. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L L. ..>eglr E≡Right-Flush Picture: right edge of picture falls on right indent. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L R. ..>eglc E≡Center Picture: picture is centered between left and right indents. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L C. ..>egls E≡Stretch Picture: picture is centered between left and right indents, and then stretched until its left and right edges fall on the indents. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L S. ..>egli ..>eglil E≡Indent Picture: picture has its own indent from the left margin. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L I L distance Enter. Enter returns to edit. E≡Stretch Method A stretch picture uses one of three methods to reach the indents: ..>eglsc E≡Clip To Indent: clips the right side of the picture; may loose some image. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L S C. ..>eglsh ..Scale to Indent E≡Height and Width Scale: scales the picture; may loose clarity. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L S H. ..>eglsw E≡Width Scale Only: scales only the width of the picture; changes the aspect ratio, and may also loose clarity. E≡KEYS: Alt E G L S W. ..>egp E≡Graphic Picture The picture specifies how its original will appear for this graphic. It can be framed and sized. And for more complicated effects, it can be clipped, scaled, or rotated. Changing the picture doesn't change the graphic layout or original. ..>egpf E≡Frame Picture The picture can be framed with a surrounding box. The frame isn't displayed on the screen, but is printed. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P F. ..>egpw ..>egph E≡Size Picture The width and/or height of a picture can be specified. Depending on the adjust method, changing one may also change the other. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P W width Enter. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P H height Enter. ..>egpa E≡Adjust Method Changing the size ajusts the picture using one of two methods: ..>egpac E≡Clip to Fit: clips the right side of the picture to the proper width, and the bottom to the proper height; may loose some of the image. To adjust the left side or top, clip the picture yourself. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P A C. ..>egpas E≡Scale to Fit: scales the picture to the proper size; may loose clarity. If scaling is independent, then the aspect ratio will change. If scaling isn't independent, then changing height or width will change the other. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P A S. ..>egpc E≡Clip Picture The picture can be clipped from the original. The image is displayed showing the clipping rectangle. If the picture uses the whole original, the edges of the rectangle are at the edges of the screen, and are hard to see. The upper-left and lower-right corners of a clipping rectangle can be moved with the Arrow or Shf-Arrow (faster) keys. To just look at the rectangle, don't move the corners. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P C (Shf-F5 F2) Arrow Enter Arrow Enter. Change clipping. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P C (Shf-F5 F2) Enter Enter. Look at clipping. Changing the clipping changes the size, unless it's a stretch picture. Clipping can also be changed by changing the size of a clip to fit picture, or changing the indents of a clip to indent stretch picture. ..>egps ..>egpsw ..>egpsh E≡Scale Picture The picture can be scaled from the original. If the scaling is independent, then the aspect ratio will change. If not independent, then changing width or height scale factor will change the other. Scaling may loose clarity. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P S W width factor Enter. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P S H height factor Enter. Changing the scaling changes the size, unless it's a stretch picture. Scaling can also be changed by changing the size of a scale to fit picture, or changing the indents of a scale to indent stretch picture. E≡Clarity Since digital images are displayed and printed with pixels, pictures with non-integer (except .5) scale factors may not be as clear as the original. The contrast and ink map can also affect an original's clarity. ..>egpsi E≡Independent Scaling The height and width scale factors are normally equal. If scaling is independent, then they can be different; may change the aspect ratio. E≡Aspect Ratio The ratio of the width to the height of a picture. Changing this ratio distorts the image. For example, circles become ovals. ..>egpr ..>egprl ..>egprr ..>egprn E≡Rotate Picture The picture can be rotated ninty degrees to the left (counter clockwise) or right (clockwise), or not rotated at all. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P R L. Left rotation. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P R R. Right rotation. E≡KEYS: Alt E G P R N. No rotation. Changing the rotation changes the size (height and width switch); and changes either the clipping or scale if it's a stretch picture. ..>ego E≡Graphic Original The original contains the actual image. It can be drawn or fast printed; its contrast and ink map can be changed. Changing the original changes all pictures of that original in this and all other documents. If you just want to change one graphic, make a copy of the original, and change original in that graphic. ..>egod E≡Draw Original Drawing an original can be used to create a new image, or edit an old one. The image is displayed with the image menu at the bottom of the screen. In the image menu, the selected item is enclosed in angle brackets < and >. Change the selection with the Arrow key or by moving the mouse. Invoke an item by pressing its first letter; or select it and press Enter; or click it with left mouse button. In the image, move the "cross hair" (+) with the Arrow (one dot) and Shf-Arrow (ten dots) keys, or mouse. The corner arrow keys (Home, End, PgUp, PgDn) on the numeric keypad move the cross hair diagonally. Trace the cross hair by pressing the Plus (to draw) or Minus (to erase) key and then move; or drag the mouse (press and hold the left button, move, then release). E≡Image Menu Line Rect Circle Dots Magnify Text Block Fill Erase Options E≡Line: draw a straight line. E≡KEYS: L move Enter move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡Rect: draw a rectangle; filled or unfilled. E≡KEYS: R N move Enter move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡KEYS: R Y fill color color move Enter move Enter. " E≡Circle: draw a circle (use corner arrow keys) or oval; filled or unfilled. E≡KEYS: C N move Enter move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡KEYS: C Y fill color color move Enter move Enter. " E≡Dots: draw or erase free-hand. E≡KEYS: D move trace. Escape returns to image menu. E≡Magnify: enlarge a section for detailed work. E≡KEYS: M move Enter move trace Escape. Escape returns to image menu. E≡Text: create text (move any time to relocate text). E≡Modifications include Direction, Height, Width, Italic, and Font. E≡KEYS: T E text Escape modification Escape A . Escape returns to image menu. E≡Block: copy/move a block to another location; or import graphic file. E≡KEYS: B C move Enter move Enter move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡KEYS: B M move Enter move Enter move Enter. " E≡KEYS: B I file name Enter move Space move Enter. " E≡Fill: fill any closed area. E≡KEYS: F color move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡Erase: erase a block. E≡KEYS: E move Enter move Enter. Escape returns to image menu. E≡Options: change the draw or erase color, palette, line width, or mode. E≡KEYS: O D draw-color. Escape returns to image menu. E≡KEYS: O E erase-color. " E≡KEYS: O P color-palette. " E≡KEYS: O W line-width. " E≡KEYS: O C screen-mode. " ..>egop E≡Fast Print Original This saves the print image of the original the first time it's printed, and makes subsequent printing faster. ..>egoc ..>pixf E≡Contrast The contrast of an original with grey levels can be changed by changing the number and type of grey levels; may improve clarity. ..>egocb E≡Black and White: no grey levels; use for line drawings. ..>egoch E≡High: 5 grey levels (3 plus black and white); use for text. ..>egocm E≡Medium: 16 grey level in random pattern; use for mixed text and photos. ..>egocl E≡Low: 16 grey levels in spiral pattern; use for photographs. ..>egoi E≡Ink Map Most images are drawn with white lines on a black background, but printers print black lines on a white background. Some images are in color, but most printers aren't. The ink map of an original handles these differences. It can be changed, and may improve clarity. ..>egois E≡Standard: black on white. ..>egoil E≡Literal: white on black. Gives "negative" effect. ..>egoit ..>egoitc El≡Table: colors to grey levels. ..>egof E≡Change Original "Point" the graphic at a different graphic file, but keep the same graphic layout and picture. KEYS: Alt E G O F file name Enter.