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palo_ghl.txt
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1994-07-21
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These images of Jupiter show several impact sites from Comet
Shoemaker-Levy 9. A team of astronomers from Caltech and Cornell
University took the pictures using two infrared cameras on the Palomar
Observatory 200-inch Hale telescope on July 19th, 1994. Jupiter's
South pole is at the bottom of each image, and the planet rotates from
left to right.
The image on the left, made at 7:50 pm PDT, is at a wavelength of 10.3
microns, and shows the bottom third of Jupiter including three recent
impact sites. At this wavelength we see the thermal radiation from
the gases heated by the impacts. Most prominent is site L, setting on
the right limb of the planet, which was only about 5 hours old (1/2
Jupiter rotation) at the time the image was taken. Sites G and H also
remain visible despite their being about 40 and 30 hours old,
respectively. Each of these two smaller spots is about the size of
the Earth.
The image on the right shows Jupiter at a wavelength of 2.3 microns
about 1 hour later. Since the first image, the planet has rotated
about 36 degrees, site L has disappeared off the right limb, and sites
E and F have appeared on the left. Most of Jupiter is faint at this
wavelength because methane in its upper atmosphere absorbs the
incident sunlight before it reaches the main cloud deck. We believe
that the impact sites, on the other hand, are bright due to the
scattering of light from residues of the cometary impacts deposited at
high altitudes. Also visible in this image is the famous Great Red
Spot, a bright band north of the equator, and the South Polar Hood,
all of which are normally visible on Jupiter.
The observers were:
Philip Nicholson, Tom Hayward, John Miles, Collen McGhee, Jeff VanCleve
(Cornell University)
Gerry Neugebauer, Keith Matthews, David Shupe, Alycia Weinberger
(Caltech)