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vestamet.txt
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1996-01-12
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EMBARGOED UNTIL: 2:00 PM EDT April 19, 1995
PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PRC95-20B
A PIECE OF THE ASTEROID VESTA
This meteorite is a sample of the crust of the asteroid Vesta, which is
only the third solar system object beyond Earth where scientists have a
laboratory sample (the other extraterrestrial samples are from Mars and
the Moon).
The meteorite is unique because it is made almost entirely of the
mineral pyroxene, common in lava flows. The meteorite's mineral grain
structure also indicates it was once molten, and its oxygen isotopes
are unlike oxygen isotopes found for all other rocks of the Earth and
Moon. The meteorite's chemical identity points to the asteroid Vesta
because it has the same unique spectral signature of the mineral
pyroxene.
The meteorite also has the same pyroxene signature as other small
asteroids, recently discovered near Vesta, that are considered "chips"
blasted off Vesta's surface. This debris extends all the way to an
"escape hatch" region in the asteroid belt called the Kirkwood gap.
This region is swept free of asteroids because Jupiter's gravitational
pull removes material from the main belt and hurls it onto a new orbit
that crosses Earth's path around the Sun.
The meteorite probably followed this route to Earth. It was torn off
Vesta's surface as part of a larger fragment. Subsequent collisions
broke apart the parent fragment and threw pieces toward the Kirkwood
gap and onto a collision course toward Earth. The fragment's journey
ended in 1960 when it fell in Western Australia.
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope observations further confirm this
scenario by revealing a giant impact basin on the 325-mile (525 km)
diameter asteroid. The ancient impact was so powerful, it tore off a
piece of the asteroid's crust, exposing a deeper mantle of rock.
Most of the identified meteorites from Vesta are in the care of the
Western Australian Museum. This 1.4 pound (631 gm) specimen comes from
the New England Meteoritical Services. It is a complete specimen
measuring 3.7 inch x 3.1 inch x 3.4 inch (9.6 cm x 8.1 cm x 8.7 cm)
showing the fusion crust, evidence of the last stage in its journey to
Earth.
Photo Credit: R. Kempton (New England Meteoritical Services)