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sn1994i.txt
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1996-01-12
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HST OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUPERNOVA IN M51
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has returned the most detailed
images ever of supernova 1994I which is in the "Whirlpool Galaxy"
(M51) located 20 million light-years away in the constellation
Canes Venatici.
The view in this picture encompasses the inner region of the
galaxy's grand spiral disk, which extends all the way to the
bright nucleus.
An arrow points to the location of the supernova, which lies
approximately 2,000 light-years from the nucleus. The supernova
appears to be superposed on a diffuse background of starlight.
The Hubble Space Telescope was also used to measure the spectrum
of the supernova in the ultraviolet light, which can be used to
analyze the chemical composition and the motion of the gas
ejected in the explosion.
A supernova is a violent stellar explosion which destroys a star,
while ejecting the products of nuclear burning into the gas
between stars. The energy for some supernova explosions comes
from the collapse of a massive star to a compact neutron star,
with the mass of the Sun, but the size of a city. Elements out
of which the Earth is formed had their origin in ancient
supernova explosions in our own Milky Way Galaxy.
This supernova was discovered on April 2, 1994 by amateur
astronomers and has been the target of investigations by
astronomers using ground-based optical and radio telescopes and
NASA's International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite. Because a
supernova explosion is a billion times as bright as a star like
the Sun, they can be seen to great distances and may prove useful
in charting the size of the universe. These previous
observations show that SN 1994I is a very unusual supernova,
called "Type Ic," for which very few examples have been studied
carefully. The ultraviolet observations made with HST will help
astronomers understand what type of stellar explosion led to
supernova 1994I.
Further observations of SN 1994I with the Hubble Space Telescope
will be able to see more deeply into the interior of the exploded
star, as it ages. Although the supernova is now 10 times dimmer
than when it was discovered, HST will be able to observe the
light from SN 1994I well into 1995, when it is impossible to
observe from the ground. This will allow astronomers to probe
the chemical composition of the debris and to learn more about
the type of star that exploded.
The HST image was taken with the Wide Field Planetary Camera on
May 12, 1994.
Credit: Robert P. Kirshner/Harvard-Smithsonian Center forAstrophysics,
NASA
PHOTO CAPTION STScI-PR94-20
Thursday, May 19, 1994