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- Short: A little insect's Theory of Everything
- Author: Ragnar Fyri (ragnar.fyri@daf.no)
- Uploader: Ragnar Fyri (ragnar.fyri@daf.no)
- Version: 1
- Type: dev/amos
-
- As all Discworld fans know, The Turtle Moves. Those who have read 'The
- Science of Discworld' know that The Ant Dances as well.
- Langton's Ant, which is discussed at some length on pages 98-99 of the
- aforementioned book (actually starting with the last few lines on page
- 97), is a little virtual insect whose main occupation in life is to prove
- that knowing a system's Theory of Everything does not necessarily mean you
- understand the system. Or something like that.
-
- At the start the Ant is described as 'now the star of a small computer
- program', but I could not find anything like it on Aminet (at least nothing
- with the name Langton in it), so I decided to have a try at a making an
- Amiga version.
-
- The Ant lives in a simple world which at the beginning consists entirely of
- white squares. Its mind is pretty simple too; it always moves according to
- these rules:
-
- 1) The Ant moves forward one step in the direction it is facing.
- 2) The square it lands on changes colour like an Othello tile, from white
- to black and vice versa.
- 3) If the square turns white, the Ant turns right.
- If the square turns black, the Ant turns left.
- 4) Lather, rinse, repeat.:-)
-
- The interesting thing is that these simple rules (the Ant's Theory of
- Everything) make the insect pass through three distinct phases, which the
- authors refer to as Simplicity, Chaos and Emergent Order. (I say the
- authors because I read this in their book, I suppose Langton used similar
- terms as well.)
-
- At first, the Ant creates simple patterns, and you think "Of course -
- simple rules make simple patterns; I saw that coming a mile away."
- That is, if you are a fast thinker or have a slow computer, because this
- phase only lasts for a few hundred moves. Then...
-
- Suddenly, chaos (or a reasonable facsimile) strikes, and the patterns turn
- (apparently) random. This phase lasts for about ten thousand steps, or
- about three seconds running my program uncompiled on a 68040. Which makes
- me wonder just how old the Ant is anyway, because the authors point out
- that 'if you computer is not very fast you may sit there for a long time'!
- Either they've tried running the program (not mine, the original) on
- a facsimile of Babbage's Differential Engine, or they have the patience of
- a mayfly, OR they're just quoting some 30 years old program notes.
-
- Anyway, at the end of move 10 291 <g> a new kind of order emerges. Reaching
- the edge of what I call the Chaos Lump, the Ant suddenly falls into a
- repeating pattern of 104 moves, building a diagonal 'highway'. On a truly infinite board it will keep doing this forever, but since my program uses a
- finite screen with some simple wraparound, something new happens: When the
- Ant hits the Chaos Lump from the opposite side, it goes 'chaotic' again,
- then after a few thousand moves it starts a new highway at a different
- angle, which then runs into the old highway creating a new Chaos Lump...
- and so on. Pretty cool to watch really. :-)
-
- [The Short description above is actually short for
- "A little insect sets out to prove its Theory of Everything but ends up
- doing the 104step" Mwahahahaha.]
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Of course creating the basic program was just the beginning. There's a
- couple of variants here as well. Because the Ant moves so fast you'll miss
- the initial phase if you blink, I made one variant with a little delay to
- make it run more slowly. You'll have to wait a bit to see the highway on
- this version - 10 000 vertical blanks, to be precise (About 3 1/3 minute on
- a PAL system, a bit less on a NTSC system)
-
- Then I started playing with the rules. Did you notice that one of the rules
- rhymes -
-
- On white,
- turn right
-
- - while the other does not?
-
- On black,
- turn left
-
- What if I changed that to
-
- On black,
- turn back
-
- Well, it turns out to be pretty boring and an example of how you some times
- *can* predict a system's behaviour from its rules. Think about it - no left
- turns, only right ones? Obviously the Ant will be going nowhere fast. More
- precisely, it will go back, back and right in an endless loop, the two
- consecutive backscancelling out each other so you end up with a string of
- rights.. So that program is not included here.
-
- Instead I added a 'more advanced' variant. Of course there are three
- directions the Ant can choose (apart from the rather uninteresting 'back')
- so I tried making a three-colour version where the Ant can turn either left
- or right or continue straight ahead. (This is the 'tricolor' program) To
- save you a bit of time I can tell you right no that nothing special
- happens, it's just (apparently) chaotic from the beginning. But it's
- slightly more interesting than the 'go back' version, so I have included it
- anyway. Try it, maybe something does happen after a couple of hours! :-)
-
-
- Asker, September 2000
- Ragnar Fyri
- ragnar.fyri@daf.no
- ICQ# 38891981
-