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- NAME
- dbackup - a backup program for people with removable hard disks
-
- SYNOPSIS
- dbackup [options] [source] [destination]
- dbackup [-fhktvy] [-[o|x] <suffixes>] [source] <destination>
- dbackup [-l <format>] [-fhvy] [-[o|x] <suffixes>] [source]
- dbackup [-a <utility> <line>] [-r <size>] [-efhkvy] [source] <destination>
- dbackup [-[c|s|m]fhvy] [-[o|x] <suffixes>] [source]
- dbackup [-b <mode>]
-
- DESCRIPTION
- dbackup is a program primarily targetted at people who have relatively
- large removable medias. Normally, a backup program is often dedicated for
- a specific removable media which, in face of evolution, at some time from
- the point of design and creation cannot support a new media. What I'm
- particulary refering to is, of course, backup programs relying totally on
- floppy disks. Since this was one of the objectives with this project, I
- have tried to eliminate any such dependencies and it should work on any
- media that I know of. It has been tried with mixes of hard disks,
- floppies, and a 10 Mbyte removable floppy disk unit (a Supra FD-10 based
- on a Konica mechanism). In respect with this specification, this program
- now have many similarites to simple copy statements found in most shells
- and command line interpreters, indeed it does work best if called from
- such an environment, but it may be used from the GEM desktop without
- problems.
-
- As seen above in the synopsis there is 4 versions of the command line,
- each of which is a derivate of the first general synopsis. The 4 versions
- are shown since, depending upon which options are chosen, some arguments
- are required to be specified, most notably the requirement of the {source}
- and {destination} arguments wary. It should also be noted that limited
- checking is performed on the mixes of options - so care should be taken
- not to specify contradictory options.
-
- In the synopsis {source} specify where the directories and files to backup
- are located and {destination} specify where files, which match backup
- criteria, are to be copied to. If copying is to be done, during a backup
- session, a check is always made to ensure that neither of these arguments
- are equal as well as throughout the session. This means that {destination}
- may be a sub-directory of the {source} directory and that this program
- will not hang due to an endless copying loop.
-
- The default mode of this program is incremental backup, ie. only files
- which has been written match backup criteria. For this purpose the state
- of the "archive" flag is checked upon and if set files are copied. A flag
- is also available if a full backup is desired.
-
- OPTIONS
- -a <utility> <line>
- backup files via an archive utility (see ARCHIVE UTILITIES)
- This option also needs two additional arguments, {utility, line}:
- utility is the filename of the archive utility to be used
- line is the format of the command line
- -b <mode>
- batch mode, in this mode it tries to find a definition of what is to
- be done in this mode in a file called dbackup.inf
- (see below for a description on how to make definition)
- -c [source]
- clear archive flag status on all files without copying files.
- It does not need a {destination} argument.
- -e
- use extended command lines to get higher performance when calling
- archive utilities
- -h
- hold screen after backup, Primarily useful when called from the GEM
- desktop.
- -f
- full backup, ignores the archive flag and copies everything
- -k
- keep archive flag status on source files
- -l <format>
- A list is produced of files to backup. The list format is specified
- using the compulsory {format} (see LIST FORMAT) argument. The list is
- sent to a file in the current working directory, called "dbackup.xxx".
- It does not need a {destination} argument.
- -m [source]
- mark files for backup (ie. set archive flag on all files)
- It does not need a {destination} argument.
- -o <suffixes>
- copy only files which have any of the defined suffixes. The suffixes
- to be copied is specified by {suffixes}. If the list is started with a
- dot ("."), files which do not have a suffix is also copied. Suffixes
- in the list are delimited by dots eg. bak.tmp would copy the files
- ending with ".bak" or ".tmp".
- -r <size>
- This option is only useful when the "-a" option has been specified.
- The argument {size} (Kbytes) specifies how large an archive may
- become. Any files larger than the specified size will be skipped, so
- the algorithms do not try to estimate the compression rate, but are
- rather conservative in their assumptions. Also, it assumes that an
- archive may be duplicated on the destination drive, so it may be that
- you end up with archives 50% smaller if free space on the destination
- media is scarce. The algorithm, being conservative, in this way
- ensures that no "out of memory" problems occurs and that archives
- won't become larger than the specified size, provided that, if for
- instance compression is performed, an archived file is not larger than
- it was originally. Normally archived files will be significantly
- smaller.
- -s [source]
- This gives you a report on how much memory is needed in order to
- perform a backup. It does not need a {destination} argument.
- -t
- Normally files copied to the destination media will inherit the date &
- time stamp from the original. This option overrides this by stamping
- files with the date & time when the backup was invoked.
- -v
- verbose mode, normally progress reporting will overwrite itself, but
- with this option it will scroll for every sub-directory found in the
- source path as well as inform you of the free internal memory left in
- your machine, which is useful if you suspect that an archive utility
- is stealing memory which might cause the machine to hang if a large
- filesystem is being searched.
- -x <suffixes>
- This option will exclude suffixes specified by the argument
- {suffixes}. If the list is begun with a dot ("."), files which do not
- have a suffix will also be excluded. Suffixes in this list are
- delimited by dots eg. bak.tmp would exclude files foo.bak and foo.tmp
- -y
- backup root only, skip sub-directories
-
- LIST FORMAT
- The {format} argument used whenever the "-l" option is specified defines
- what the list is to be composed by:
-
- a file attributes (4 character number)
- d file modify date (6 characters eg. 910730)
- f filename (path + node + suffix)
- n node (node + suffix excluding path)
- p path (path to file)
- s size of file (number)
- t file modify time (6 characters eg. 235700)
- u unix modify time (seconds since 1 Jan 1970)
- x default list (same as -f)
-
- ARCHIVE UTILITIES
- When using the Archive utility option you have to specify the filename of
- the archive utility, with the {utility} argument. You also have to specify
- the way dbackup should call the archive utility, which is specified with
- the {line} argument. When specifying this tilde "~" is used as a special
- formating sequence, which is listed below:
- ~a<xxx>
- expands to the runtime archive name with a suffix defined by {xxx}
- eg. "~alzh" would expand to an archive filename with a suffix
- ".LZH". {xxx} must not contain a leading dot.
- ~f expands to the files to be backup:ed
- ~~ expands to a single tilde (~)
-
- Please note that the {line} argument must be a single one which means that
- if it contains spaces, the argument must be within quotes.
-
- Arhive filenames names will be in the form:
- DBAK????.xxx
- where ???? denote a decimal sequence number. The sequence number will
- usually starts at 0001 or the next sequence number found in the
- corresponding sub-directory on the destination media of the source
- sub-directory.
-
- Normally when an archive utility error occurs, dbackup will report that
- files have been skipped due to an archive error and the archive flag of
- these files will be untouched. If such an error occurs it is necessary to
- run dbackup again, or otherwise the backup will not be complete.
-
- Since some archive utilities may introduce errors in a previous archive
- when an error occurs when it is trying to add files, I decided that if you
- had instructed dbackup to do a FULL BACKUP the sequence number will be
- increased between every call to the archive utility. This means that this
- problem will not occur during such sessions, but they still can happen if
- you're doing INCREMENTAL BACKUP.
-
- Below I list some {line} arguments for some of the common archive
- utilities in use:
- zoo V2.1: "ah: ~azoo ~f"
- lharc V2.01b: "a -a+ ~alzh ~f"
-
- Since ARC doesn't like hidden or system files it is not possible to use
- this utility. This problem also exists with some versions of LHarc. I also
- recommend users of LHarc V2.01b to restrict sizes of archives to below
- 800Kbytes or so, because when I was testing this utility with dbackup I
- found that LHarc V2.01b suddenly doubled the size of an archive when it
- reached the 1Mbyte mark. When using dbackup with "-r720", though, I did
- not encounter this problem.
-
- Warning! Please ensure that the partition which your archiver use as a
- temporary storage have enough memory free to hold the temporary
- files - otherwise the archiver may go nuts!
-
- INFO FILE DESCRIPTION
- You can instead of supplying all the options to dbackup make a file called
- "dbackup.inf" which defines what to do. It is possible to define any number
- of operating modes this way and it is quite a lot easier, especially if
- you run dbackup from the desktop or from a chaotic shell, to use dbackup
- with such a definition. Modes are invoked by using the command line switch
- "-b". Below is a description of what to put in the info file:
-
- Definition: Description:
- mode=<name> user-defined name by which you invoke this entry (-b)
- opmode=<name> name should be one of the following below:
- normal normal mode (copy from source to destination)
- (destination directory must be defined)
- size report size that a backup will take (-s)
- clear clear archive flag (-c)
- mark set archive flag on files (-m)
- list list files which have the archive flag set (-l)
- arc use an archive utility when doing a backup (-a)
- (destination, arcutil and arcline must be defined)
- source=<dir> defines source directory (can be omitted)
- destination=<dir> destination directory (normal and arc opmodes)
- arcutil=<name> name of archive utility to use (-a)
- arcline=<line> line to send to archive utility (-a)
- arcxargs= archive utility can handle extended command lines (-e)
- restrict=<size> defines maximum size of archives (-r)
- list=<format> list format to use (-l)
- fullbackup= backup all files (-f)
- keepstatus= do not clear archive flag after backup (-k)
- holdscreen= hold screen before exiting (-h)
- timefiles= set the time on destination copies (-t)
- verbose= verbose mode (-v)
- rootonly= backup root only, skip sub-directories (-y)
- copyonly=<suffixes> copy only defined suffixes (-o)
- skip=<suffixes> skip defined suffixes (-x)
-
- Everything after the definition "mode" describes what to do for that
- particular mode until dbackup finds a new "mode" definition (ie. modes are
- separated with the "mode" definition).
-
- Please note that a valid definition must have a '=' after its keyword and
- that no spaces should come after the '=' if a definition should follow.
- Comments can be added after semi-colons (';')
-
- INFO FILE EXAMPLES
-
- Below is an example of a "dbackup.inf" file:
-
- mode=fsize ; get size report for file size backup
- opmode=size
- source=c:\
- fullbackup=
-
- mode=full ; full backup
- opmode=normal
- source=c:\
- destination=h:\c
- fullbackup=
-
- mode=phase1
- opmode=arc
- source=c:\
- destination=h:\c
- arcutil=c:\bin\zoo.ttp
- arcline="ah: ~azoo ~f"
- arcxargs=
- skip=zoo.zip.arc.lzh.arj.z.bak ; no use trying to compress the compressed
-
- mode=phase2
- opmode=normal
- source=c:\
- destination=h:\c
- copyonly=zoo.zip.arc.lzh.arj.z ; now do a normal copy of the compressed
-
- RESTRICTED LICENCE
- See the "LICENCE" file for details
-
- BUGS
- When using dbackup to copy files it doesn't try to copy as much as
- possible to a disk before it asks the user to swap disks, which means that
- you probably have to cycle through disks whenever prompted to swap disks.
- Users who want to store backups on 720 Kbyte disks are therefore
- recommended to use a dedicated floppy disk backup program eg. Turtle.
- This problem is not present when using the "-a" option, though.
-
- If you plan to use this program with the "-a" option I recommend that you
- use "-x" to exclude all files with suffixes known to indicate compressed
- archives ie. ".ARC", ".LZH" etc and with a second pass use the "-o" with
- the same list to copy the files. This will speedup the backup process
- considerably! Also, when about to do a FULL BACKUP, it is probably best to
- "-m" mark source files before backing them up so that if a fatal error
- occurs you can simply re-start the process, otherwise it would be rather
- difficult to know which files were archived and which were not.
-
- When using the batch mode, the "mode" keyword must be written in lower-case
- whereas all other keywords can be mixed upper-/lower-case.
-
- AUTHOR
- Andrew Olausson, Gothenburg, Sweden
- FIDONET: 2:203/203.2
- INTERNET: dxper@dtek.chalmers.se
- INTERNET: pa-ola@proxxi.se
-
-
-